NationStates Jolt Archive

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The chain of command is as follows:
Emperor Dire Raskov

Roderick Smith- Department of Defense


General Leon Moriana- Department of the Army
General Bernie Newman-Department of the Navy
General Dylan St. Felix-Department of the Air force

General Isaac Kimmel-Department of Special Forces

Lieutenant General Aaron Dock- Department of Military Engineering
Lieutenant General Mark Vittorio-Department of Military Acquisition

During Peacetime:
Army-300,000 men
Navy-400,000 men
Air Force-100,000 men
Special Forces-20,000 men
During War:
Army-1 million to 200 million
Navy-1 million to 100 million
Air force-200,000 to 2 million
Special forces-100,000 to 200,000

Military
Equipment-
Firearms-
Assault Rifles-
A-91 ( Compact Assault Rifle - 5.45 x 39 mm, 5.56 x 45 mm, 7.2 x 39 mm)
AAB ACR ( - Assault Rifle - 5.56 x 45 mm Fléchette: Advanced Combat Rifle)
AAI OICW ( - Assault Rifle/Grenade Launcher - 5.56 mm NATO/20 mm Grenade: Objective Individual Combat Weapon)
AAI SBR (- Assault Rifle - 4.32 x 45 mm: Serial Bullet Rifle)
AAI SFR ( - Assault Rifle - 5.56 mm Fléchette: Serial Flechette Rifle )
ADI F88 Austeyr ( - Assault Rifle - 5.56 mm)
AEK-971(Assault Rifle - 5.45 x 39 mm & 7.62 x 39 mm)
Ak 5D (- Compact Assault Rifle - 5.56 mm NATO)
AICW (- Assault Rifle/Grenade Launcher - 5.56 mm NATO/40 mm Grenade)
AK- 74M (- Assault Rifle - 5.45 x 39 mm)
IZHMASH AK-104 (- Compact Assault Rifle - 7.62 x 39 mm)
AKSU 74N (- Compact Assault Rifle - 5.45 x 39 mm: Night Vision Scope)
APS Underwater Assault Rifle ( - Assault Rifle - 5.66 x 29 mm MPS)
Armalite AR-15 (- Assault Rifle - 5.56 mm NATO)
HK G3-TGS(-Assault Rifle -7.62x51mm NATO )
HK XM8 (- Assault Rifle - 5.56 mm NATO)


Sniper Rifles
AWC G2 (- Rifle - 7.62 mm NATO: Bullpup Conversion of Springfield M1A/M14)
Barret M99
Barret XM500





Sub-machine guns
Andrews SMG ( - SMG - 9 x 19 mm Parabellum)
ARES FMG (- SMG - 9 x 19 mm Parabellum)
Bizon 2 (- SMG - 9 x 18 mm Makarov)
Heckler & Koch MP5( -SMG- 9x19mm Parabellum)
Heckler & Koch UMP45(-SMG- .45 ACP)
IMI Uzi


Pistols
ALFA Defender ( - Pistol - 9 x 19 mm Parabellum, .40 S&W, & .45 ACP)
PK22 (- Pistol - .22 LR)
AMT AutoMag ( - Pistol - .44 Magnum)
AMT AutoMag II ( - Pistol - .22 Magnum)
AMT Hardballer ( - Pistol - .45 ACP)
AP-9 (Pistol - 9 x 19 mm Parabellum)
Desert Eagle
Glock

Machine Gun
Ares Shrike (- LMG - 5.56 mm NATO: Belt Fed Conversion for M16/M4/AR15)
ARES-Stoner Model 86 ( - LMG - 5.56 mm NATO)
Armalite AR-13 ( - Machine Gun: Hyper Velocity Anti-Aircraft Machine Gun)
Browning M2 (-HMG - .50 BMG)
DShK(heavy anti-aircraft machine gun 12.7x108mm)
Minigun, High Rate, 7.62mm, M134
FN MAG58 (- General Purpose MG - 7.62 mm NATO)
M249 Squad Automatic Weapon (M249 SAW, LMG - 5.56 mm NATO)
Heckler & Koch MG4 (belt-fed 5.56 mm light machine gun)
IMI NEGEV(5.56 mm light machine gun)

MGJ-21 LMGs (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showthread.php?p=14407863#post14407863)

Shotgun
Franchi SPAS-15 (- Semi-Auto/Pump Action Shotgun - 12 Gauge)
HK/Benelli M1014/M4 Super 90 Combat Shotgun




Electronic Systems and Armor


Gel Personnel Shield Armor(GPSA)
Gel Personnel Shield Armor is as its name says a personnel armor. It provides protection against cartridges of 5.56 mm going 3,980 feet per second , 7.62x39 mm going at 3,054 feet per second, 7.8 mm at velocities of 2,736 feet per second, 9 x 19mm at 3,083 feet per second and most pistol calibres. It can also stand up to shrapnel shards of 2 to 4 inches going at velocities of 2,083 feet per second. The whole armor includes a helmet(capable of withstanding up to 6 mm bullets going 2,700 feet per second), a mask(provide protection up to 5.45x39mm bullets), body armor, leg and arm armor. It has a built in gas mask and a small radio inside. The armor is made in two parts with the gel and electronic systems being placed over the actual armor.
The gel also allows a variety of advantages to the user, the gel allows easy joint movement and added protection vs. the usual way of leaving joints unarmored or giving it cucumbersome armor to protect them. The gel attaches the body armor to the arm armor and the leg armor allowing fluid motions. The gel itself provides protection against most pistol calibre rounds, while the armor gives it the extra protection from rifle rounds. Another advantage of the gel and perhaps what makes it a part of the Ralkovian armed forces is the gels ability to change temperature. The gel has sensors that measure the surrounding temperature and change the gel covering through millions of tiny heating and cooling chips spread through out the armor. The armor scans every few seconds and changes the temperature to suit the enviroment.
Lastly, the gel is that it is like a biohazard suit over the armor, preventing foreign chemicals and bacteria from entering the body.

STAIRS(Surface to Air Interception Rocket System)

STAIRS stops bombs and missiles in their tracks. STAIRS uses advanced electronic long range sensors that target incoming missiles and bombs and fires a guided rocket into the other projectile destroying it. STAIRS uses infared and radar systems to aim and fires the rocket out towards the projectile. The computer in STAIRS updates the rockets computer system to the location of the enemy projectile and using small muscles in the rocket the computer can change its trajectory. STAIRS is completely movable by personnel since it only way 160 pounds, and has 12 rockets altogether. The incoming projectile has to be farther than 800 yards when fired at you to actually give it enough time to aim and fire.



Other weapons
(need to get a hold of)
http://hawk.proboards1.com/index.cgi?board=Military&action=display&thread=30&page=1#57

http://www.freewebs.com/deltahalomapperscommunity/ratte7.jpg

http://www.army-guide.com/eng/product926.html
--------------------------------

NAVY

20 Manticore Class Cruiser (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showthread.php?t=567252)

http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showthread.php?t=545305

PIV-30 Armoured Infantry Combat Vehicle

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v3...uot/PIV-30.png


about:

Developed to augment the PIV-28 in Sumerian armoured formations, the PIV-30 is a development of the MCA-7G chassis and components. The PIV-30 uses the same modifications done to the MCA-7B to create the PIV-28, with some modifications to the layout. The engine is still mounted rear left of the vehicle, with the disembarkation corridor and powered ramp to the right of the engine compartment. An upgraded version of the DO66 engine is provided, using the same ultra-high pressure turbocharger technology for compact power. The fighting compartment is where the differences really show, with the PIV-30 being rearranged to seat seven armoured infantry as well as mount an unmanned turret and ammunition.

The new turret is mounted offset of centreline to the left side of the hull, with it's main armament being a 50mm compact automatic cannon offset to the right of the centerline of the turret, providing it with a centerline view of the chassis. The new turret is armoured enough to protect it from light auto cannon fire, but not as heavily as the chassis. Armament is the new compact 50mm automatic cannon which fires the caseless 50x300mm telescoping ammunition loaded into a drum magazine below the turret inside the fighting compartment. An additional AG-12 7.5mm machine gun is mounted coaxially with 2000 rounds of ammunition loaded within the turret bustle. A four-tube multipurpose recoilless weapon launcher system is provided slaved to the main armament and mounted on the right side. The four vertically stacked tubes provide capability of firing any number of unguided rocket propelled infantry weapons, as well as standard Sumerian 130mm diameter anti-tank guided missiles, and light man-portable surface to air missiles. The fire control computer of the turret allows it to operate all options at once, or independently, and to engage both ground and airborne targets.

The passenger compartment has been redesigned with low-slung folding seats mounted along the hull of the vehicle on either side facing inward. Seating for seven infantry is provided with two sitting on the left side facing inward, and three sitting on the right side facing inward. An additional seat is included within the dismount corridor as in the PIV-28, and a rear-facing seat is provided just forward on the left side next to the turret. All three crew are seated forward. Hatches are provided two to the left side, and three to the right, with one on each side being equipped with a pintle mount for an AGS-5 machine gun. All hatches are provided with day-night observation periscopes. All seats along the right side, and the dismount corridor seat, are spring loaded as in the PIV-28.

The PIV-30 is designed to augment the capabilities of the PIV-28 in armoured formations, providing a hard hitting infantry fire support vehicle for armoured infantry formations, and allowing the armoured force more flexibility.

Designation: PIV-30 Armoured Infantry Combat Vehicle
- Production Cost: 2,500,000 Sumerian Dinnar
- Export Cost: $5,500,000 USD
- Limited Domestic Production Rights: $5,000,000,000 USD per 1000 units.
- Full Domestic Production Rights: $600,000,000,000 USD

Dimensions:
- Length: 8.6m
- Height: 2.4m (Turret Roof)
- Width: 3.8m (4.2m with Skirts)
- Mass: 68,800 kg
- Track Width: 720mm

Internal Systems:
- Crew: 3 (Commander, Driver, Gunner)
- Ammunition: 600 (Main), 2000 (Coaxial), 90 (Enlil), 32 (Grenade), 4 (Tube)
- Transmission: Guarita Type 31B Automatic 8-forward 3-reverse
- Fuel Capacity: 780L
- Water Capacity: 400L

Powerplant: Guarita DO66-2T00
- Power: 2000 bhp
- Displacement: 15 Liters
- Layout: 6 Cylinder Hotozontally Opposed
- Induction: Twin-Turbocharger, Dual Fan-assisted Intercoolers
- Fuel Consumption: 1.25L per 1km Average

Performance:
- Maximum Speed (Road): 85km/h
- Range: 610km
- Power-Weight Ratio: 29hp/tonne (Approx.)

Armament:
- Primary: 50mm Compact Autocannon
- Coaxial: 7.5mm AG-12
- Tube: 130mm Multipurpose Recoilless
- Dischargers: 50mm Grenade, Enlil APS

Armor: Listed maximum approximate armor values.
- Armor Place: RHAe KE/CE thickness
- Hull Glacias: 2800mm/3500mm
- Hull Front: 1500mm/1900mm
- Hull Sides: 1500mm/1900mm *Skirt Included*
- Hull Rear: 500mm/630mm
- Hull Top: 260mm/390mm




TD-7 Self-Propelled Gun

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v3...uot/TD-7_2.png

about:

The TD-7 is a self propelled gun based on the MCA-7G chassis designed to replace the MCA-3 based TD-5 as the primary assault gun and tank destroyer attached to Brigade sized units. The TD-7 is a complete ground-up design based on the MCA-7G chassis, with no relation to the previous TD-5 or the TD-6 concept vehicle outside of intended role. The role supported is that combined of heavy assault gun for direct-fire support of higher-caliber weaponry then the MCA-7G can allow in support of the infantry, as well as long-range heavy anti-tank firepower to armoured formations. Deployed only in Brigade and Legion formations, the TD-7 is one of the heavier guns available to mobile armoured formations.

The TD-7 makes use of the armoured layout of the MCA-7G, providing a high protection, highly mobile, gun system. The armoured protection of the MCA-7G is retained, with the interior layout of the vehicle being shifted. The engine is rotated 90 degrees and placed in the forward section along the left side of the vehicle, with the driver moved to the right. The transmission is placed in the direct front of the hull, ahead of the engine. This layout removes the modular nature of the power train, requiring now more time to remove the necessary plating above the engine to access it. The movement of the engine allows a much larger volume for the fighting compartment now at the back of the vehicle, facilitating a new Type 1000-X19A autoloader which provides full load access to the 28 rounds carried. The vehicle is designed to carry a various assortment of 180mm rounds, with a total of 28 rounds carried stored in the autoloader in the hull. The main gun is the Type-3800 180L50 smoothbore gun, an enlarged version of the Type-3700 140L50 smoothbore found in the MCA-7G. The gun fires similar two piece ammunition, with a standard 180x1000mm projectile size capability, and a gel-core caseless propellant cartridge of the An-1120 family. The main gun and autoloader are capable of a burst fire rate of three rounds in twenty-four seconds, and a sustained rate of three rounds per minute as ammunition lasts. A version of the liquid cooling system of the thermal sleeve is carried over from the Type-3700. The TD-7 makes use of a modified MCA-7G mantle to accept the new gun with a heavier mounting, as such the 15mm HMG is carried over as coaxial to the main gun. Provisions for a light remote weapon station in the casemate roof are also included to mount a 7.5mm machine gun, and this mounting is almost universally used. The main gun is mounted on a semi-fixed mounting allowing traverse of ten degrees to either side of centreline, a maximum depression of five degrees, and a maximum elevation of thirty degrees. The use of the MCA-7G's electro-adjustable suspension allows this to be raised to as high as forty-five degrees, and as low as twenty degrees depression. The main gun is tied to a fire control system derived from the MCA-7G, without any serious ability to fire on the move however. The millimeter wave radar system has been removed as well, with indirect fire capability being added. Additionally an expanded Enlil Mk.II system has been included, along with a larger aerosol grenade dispenser, both moved to the hull sponsons and alligned to fire in a spherical arc around the vehicle in a vertical form. The crew of two are positioned in the right forward section of the hull, with the casemate unmanned. The crew includes a driver, with the commander seated behind him, both with access to the gunnery controls of the fire control system.

The TD-7 is accompanied by a PIV-28D Gun Supply Vehicle, with a further two crew, allocating four crew per gun. The TD-7 system is designed to accompany armoured brigades as an integral company level. Each company consists of twelve guns, twelve support vehicles, and a trio of command vehicles, and can operate both in the indirect fire artillery role, the direct fire assault gun, and the direct fire tank destroyer roles.


Designation: TD-7
- Production Cost: 2,900,000 Sumerian Dinnar
- Export Cost: $6,400,000 USD
- Limited Domestic Production Rights: $6,000,000,000 USD per 1000 units.
- Full Domestic Production Rights: $700,000,000,000 USD

Dimensions:
- Length: 7.7m (Hull)/11m (Hull+Gun)
- Height: 2.36m (Casemate Roof)
- Width: 3.8m (4.2m with Skirts)
- Mass: 80,700 kg
- Track Width: 720mm

Internal Systems:
- Crew: 2
- Autoloader: Type 1000-X19A Autoloader
- Ammunition: 28 (Main), 1000 (Coaxial), 200 (Enlil), 64 (Aerosol)
- Transmission: Guarita Type 31A Automatic 8-forward 3-reverse
- Fuel Capacity: 1100L (Internal Tank), 600L (External Drum)
- Water Capacity: 600L (Internal Tank), 400L (External Tank)

Powerplant: Guarita DO86-2T00
- Power: 2800 bhp
- Torque: 7.5 kNm at the crank.
- Displacement: 21.7 Liters
- Layout: 8 Cylinder Hotozontally Opposed
- Induction: Twin-Turbocharger, Dual Fan-assisted Intercoolers
- Fuel Consumption: 1.95L per 1km Average

Performance:
- Maximum Speed (Road): 85km/h
- Range: 560km (870km with extra fuel)
- Power-Weight Ratio: 35hp/ton (Approx.)
- Ground Pressure: 1kg/cm2

Armament:
- Primary: Type-3800 180L50 Smoothbore (Single)
- Coaxial: 15mm Heavy Machine Gun (Single Coaxial)
- Dischargers: Aerosol, Enlil APS

Armor: Listed maximum approximate armor values.
- Armor Place: RHAe KE/CE thickness
- Hull Glacias: 2800mm/3500mm
- Hull Front: 1500mm/1900mm
- Hull Sides: 1500mm/1900mm *Skirt Included*
- Hull Rear: 240mm/360mm
- Casemate Front: 1500mm/1900mm
- Casemate Sides: 1500mm/1900mm
- Casemate Rear: 240mm/360mm
- Casemate Mantlet: 3000mm/3700mm







MCA-7E Ubara Tirak
The Sumerian Timber Wolf

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v3...flyArticle.png
Pictured: Final version MCA-7G armed with the Type3700 140L50 gun belonging to Brigadier Puabi Ninlil of the Igimekalam.

Export Policy:

Recent export permission has been given to Nineveh Armoured Works to supply an export version of the latest MCA-7 series tank, the G, to foreign interests. The MCA-7E, as it is known, is a fully capable MCA-7G, unlike the previous B-to-C modifications for export. No reductions in protection or capability were made to achieve the E, and only a limited number of modifications were made to the vehicle for export. The following writeup is for the MCA-7G, however the E model is completely identical in all aspects except for the following:

- The MCA-7E package does not include the An-1100H round for export.
- The MCA-7E computer systems have all been built with blank software around the standard systems. This means that the FCS or other systems can be configured to foreign languages and needs, while retaining all capabilities except one.
- The MCA-7E is unable to synchronize with the Sumerian Battle Network because of the previously mentioned computer construction, and safeguards in place. It can easily, however, be configured to work with local BattleNets.

The following ammunition is avalible for export under the conditions specified:
- An-1100A: Production rights come with vehicle purchase.
- An-1100B: Production rights come with vehicle purchase.
- An-1100C: Production rights come with vehicle purchase.
- An-1100D: Production rights come with vehicle purchase.
- An-1100E: Production rights come with vehicle purchase.
- An-1100F: Production rights come with vehicle purchase.
- An-1100G: Avalible for $32,000 USD per missile. ($1.6 billion DPR)
- An-1100H: Not Avalible for Export.

Spare parts production rights are avalible. It should be noted that all technology and equipment design integrated within the MCA-7E is property of the Sumerian government and is thusly copywritten. Any attempt to produce, in whole or in part, the MCA-7E or any of it's componants for export will be reciprocated with actions as deemed fit, up to and including military action.
Further, we wish to issue the following disclaimer: Nineveh Armoured Works, nor the Sumerian government or any of the subcontractors involved in the MCA-7 program can be held responsible for the quality of work by foreign producers under domestic production rights. While we strive to aid foreign industry to the quality demanded by the MCA-7, we hold no responsability in their construction.

We thank you for reviewing the MCA-7E, and hope to do buisness with you in the future. Please review the export costs in the statistics section at the end of the article. Avalible is single unit export, limited production export, where you buy the right to build the vehicle in a specific limit based on a lower cost, and full domestic production rights. Full DPRs are more epensive then limited, and are restricted on a case by case basis. We would also like you to review the PIV-28 Heavy Infantry Combat Vehicle, which is also avalible.

Concept:

The MCA-7G model came into existance after practical application of the MCA-7B in combat both on the northern border and aborad. Lessons learned from the B, as well as other tanks in the Sumerian inventory, quickly culmulated with new technological advancements avalible for general use. The MCA-7G was thusly born out of the idea that although the MCA-7B was highly capable and exceptional in it's abilities, it was not at the full potential of the design, and so the G model upgrade project was begun.

Shortly after the release of the MCA-7B to general use within the Igimekalam number of vehicles were set aside specificly for testing new and potential future upgrades. Nineveh Armour Works, the primary contractor for the MCA-7 series, began to redesign aspects of the main armament and drive train for test purposes. Testing proved the design path to be quite strong, with many of the new test systems proving, to a degree, superior to those installed already on the B model.

And so, with combat experiance providing the nessesary information, a program to update the MCA-7Bs was put forth before the Office of the Dictator. After several months of rehashing the program's goals with the Office, the final program was approved for development and brought before the Civil Senate for funding. Several weeks later, and the rewriting of the program to include the approval of systems slated for the MCA-7B upgrade to be used in the MCA-7D and other armoured vehicles, the project was approved for funding and allocated the nessecary funds. The update program, designated as the MCA-7G, was concieved around primarily updating the internal systems of the MCA-7, with a new fire control, battlefield managment system, sensors, and other systems. Additionally the entire drivetrain was redesigned to better suit the vehicles needs and capabilities, as well as new armament and an upgrade to the protection scheme.

Although externally identical to the MCA-7B, the G model holds a signifigant number of improvements that make it a clearly superior vehicle. With primary emphisis on a vehicle to combat other armoured formations in the vast open plains of Sumer, the G model contains a carefully calculated balance of firepower, mobility, and protection, with no detriment to its primary mission.

Armament:

The MCA-7G uses a brand new gun derived from the Type-3655 115L62 smoothbore of the prototypes. The new gun, the Type-3700 140L50 is a 140mm weapon scaled up from the older Type-3655 design. The new gun allows higher muzzle velocities, as well as larger projectiles and gun launched anti-tank guided missiles. The Type 998-X16B autoloader system has been also upgraded to Type 998-X16C standards to keep up with the main gun.

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v3...700Testbed.png
Pictured: An unarmoured MCA-7 series turret mounted on an MCA-5 as a testbed for the Type-3700 smoothbore gun. Taken durring live fire exercises at Nas-Arabeh Proving Grounds.

The new Type-3700 smoothbore main gun installed in the G model is a larger version of the Type-3650 installed in the B model and Type-3655 installed on the G model prototypes, as previously stated. The new gun is designed to maximize space within the combustion chamber for propellant while allowing a slightly longer barrel for greater expansion of the higher power rounds. The mantle and gun mount had to be redesigned to accommodate the new systems, and a heavier recoil absorption system had to be designed as well, however the reduced recoil length offered by the new mount allowed for the breech of the weapon to be set farther back in the turret then previously possible, allowing greater balance of the main gun and a limiting of the affects of such a long barrel. The 7m long barrel itself has been redesigned using much more compatible materials for construction and duration, allowing for a much stronger barrel then previous. That, coupled with the mounting farther back, has allowed the G model to retain it's high degree of accuracy while on the move, as well as avoid common problems associated with such long barrels. The Type-3700 gun is fired by a brand new electro-thermal ignition system making use of electrically generated radiation to more efficiently ignite and burn the propellant, providing an increase in energy transfer to the projectile. The Type-3700 gun provides a drastic increase in firing energy over the previous 115mm generation of tank guns, allowing greater kill ranges and greater armour penetration at normal combat ranges.

The Type-3700 main gun is fed by a two-stage Type 998-X16C autoloader. The autoloader consists of two separate storage systems for propellant and projectile, allowing maximum safety while the use of more compact two-piece ammunition allows a reduction in space concerns both during storage and after firing the round. The first stage of the autoloader is the carousel ring inside the hull below the turret ring which stores thirty-five An-1100 series 140mm projectiles in an upright position within individual protected container along the primary carousel ring. An additional five rounds are carried along an inset to the carousel system at the forward part of the tank which can be automatically cycled into the main carousel line by the computer. A round is loaded into the main gun by way of an articulated lift arm at the back of the turret which lifts the round from it's container and rotates it ninety degrees to be level with the gun breech. To load a ram arm in the bustle of the turret forces the round and propellant charge into the gun, with the lifting arm acting as a bridge. Propellant stages are kept in the turret bustle behind an armoured bulkhead and access door. The charges are kept within individual armoured containers along a chain-style autoloader system. The bustle holds forty propellant charges which work with all An-1100 series ammunition. The system is fully electric in operation, and manual backups are provided to cycle the charge and projectile racks for manual loading if necessary. Blow out panels are provided for the bustle storage system. The entire system provides rapid fire capability for the tank, allowing cycle times averaging five seconds. Rapid cycle capabilities of the autoloader system far outweigh its inherent complexity, allowing the MCA-7G to unload it's entire forty round capacity in three and a half minutes, an unheard of rate of fire for a main battle tank. Such rate of fire however would quickly wear out the barrel, and is only used for burst fire of three or four rounds in combat.

The G model retains the 15mm AGH-32 heavy machine gun mounted coaxially to the main gun. The AGH-32 is a dual linkless feed machine gun firing standard 15x120mm caseless ammunition. The AGH-32 is mounted to the left side of the main gun, in front of the gunner's station, and is recessed into the thick mantle with a ventilation port built into the side of the mantle near the barrel. The coaxial gun is fed by two five hundred round drum magazines located under the gunner's reclined position, with either drum able to be selected as the primary feed drum, or both may be selected to mix ammunition types as needed.

A remote weapon station is installed just to the rear of the commander's cupola and slaved to the commander's independent thermal/optical sight. The RWS mount includes a box launcher for two 70mm class heat seeking light anti-aircraft missiles which can be targeted using the commander's independent thermal viewer. The box launcher may be removed as necessary, and can be quickly reloaded by pre-packaged 70mm tubes. The 7.5mm medium machine gun which the RWS mounts standard is derived from the AGS-5 light machine gun with a heavier barrel and is fed by a linkless belt feed drum situated vertically behind the tank commander in the turret.

The MCA-7G additionally comes with a 50mm light adjustable velocity automatic mortar mounted in the rear of the turret bustle. The mortar is fed from two twelve round linkless chutes, allowing a maximum of twenty-four bombs to be carried. The mortar is designed to provide adequate anti-infantry capability at close ranges, with it's ability to angle as high as 90 degrees, as well at standoff ranges out to 3000m when the main gun would not be practical. The system is capable of firing illumination flare rounds and smoke bombs, but is most commonly loaded exclusively with high explosive fragmentation.

Protection:

The armour scheme of the MCA-7G is almost identical to the previous B model, with the exception of more effecient primary bricks designed for the armour. The armour is designed modular around a three layer design. The only signifigant change to the basic armour pattern is the redesign of the interior "hard blocks" which make up the majority of the protection. Each block is, in essence, a titanium shell lined internally and externally with reenforcing high performance polyethylene to provide structural strength even under extreme stress. The interior of the block is filled with a ceramic-metalic material laced with tiny glass fibers for strength and added aggregation as needed. The ceramic-metalic material, developed in secret by Nineveh Armour Works, provides excellent deformation of explosively formed penetrators and other shaped charges, especially in conjunction of the other layers of the armour's system. Additionally, each block contains a pair of crescent shaped depleted uranium bars running lengthwise, suspended within the ceramic-metallic material and coated with copper. The depleted uranium bars are designed to provide complete and overlapping cover of the front and forward cars of protection at all normal strike angles in regular combat. Blocks designed for use in the rear and rear-sides of then turret, as well as the rear half of the vehicle however do not have the depleted uranium inserts.

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v3...ERA_Design.png
Pictured: Diagram of the basic structure and workings of Shukur ERA.

Additionally, the G is designed to be equiped with Shukur, or "Lance" explosive reactive armour. The Shukur ERA design works by including a series of small, simple, shaped charge warheads aranged at an angle upwards of the ground but offset from the slope of the base armour by some degrees, depending on the slope of the armour. The system incorporates ignition plates offset to the shaped charge modoules such that a line drawn directly from the middle of the chaped charge heading out would line up through the middle of the ingition plates. The system is designed such that when a penetrating threat penetrates the external ignition plate and makes contact with the internal one it sets off the coresponding chaped charge. The resulting deatonation propelles a molten metal jet, as formed by the shaped charge, towards the threat object, either destroying it or severely disrupting it. The Shukur system is compact, light weight, and safe for nearby unarmoured vehicles and personell, and is avalible in a wide range forms for various parts of the G chassis. Additionally, the Shukur system is capable of excellent protection against both chemical energy threats in the form of High Explosive Anti-Tank, or kinetic energy threats such as long rod penetrators. The Shukur ERA system adds, depending on where it is placed and the angle it is placed at, between six hundred and eight hundred milimeters worth of additional RHA equivilant protection. Unfortunately, due to the nature of the design, the Shukur modoules can not be placed on every surface of the tank, and are often situated around the front and side of both the hull and turret. Top mounted Shukur modoules are avalible for the turret roof od the G model however, but they only provide protection directly over the crew compartment.

The Enlil APS was also updated to Type-2 standards, with new detection systems and soft kill systems added. Amongst the many improvements and additions to the Enlil system was the addition of two pulsed IR lights mounted on the mantlet that assist in the disruption of first and second generation anti tank guided missiles, as well as make the entire vehicle somewhat harder to distinguish through some sensors from the right angle. Further the Type-2 added a two-stage laser soft kill system designed to track and then disrupt enemy optical systems. Finally the hard kill componant of the Enlil was upgraded, with the detection, processing, and execution systems all getting a major upgrade to their capabilities, allowing the Enlil APS to engage incomming shaped charge warheads in the form of both missiles and tank fired rounds, as well as engage tank fired kinetic energy rounds.

The grenade dispensation system of the MCA-7 was replaced with an aerosol dispersion system. The areosol dispersion system can cover the forward arc of the vehicle in an aerosol formed screen, limiting the effeciveness of both laser sighting, regular and IR imaging systems. The aerosol system is controled manually by the commander, and has enough shots to completely disguise the tank seven times. The downside to the new aerosol system is that it also blocks the gunner's ability to fire back on an enemy vehicle, however the use of the milimeter wave radar system within the fire control system reduces this limitation somewhat.

Although not entirely for measure of protection, structural aspects of the hull of the MCA-7G were redesigned, or created anew, to provide a much stronger chassis. Strong reenforcing aspects of the chassis along the front of the hull and fenders, as well as along the rear of the hull and fenders, allow the vehicle to put great strain on the chassis if needed, and protect against impacts from objects such as trees. The reenforcements were designed to allow one G model vehicle to push another free if stuck, or to otherwise assist another damaged tank. Additionally the reenforcements have found use in removing objects from the vehicle's path, including concrete anti-vehicle barriers, telephone and light poles, and trees.

Systems:

Internally the MCA-7G is almost a completely new vehicle. a completely new fiber-optic based fire control system has been designed and installed, named the Gagsisa Type 1, the new system provides extraordinary computing capabilities and speeds for a package better suited to the internals of the vehicle. The Gagsisa system includes a digital all weather day/night sighting device for the gunner which may be accessed and operated from the commander's station, as well as a backup optical sight. Input systems include a manual input interface for both the gunner and commander if nessecary, as well as automatic environmental sensors, a two-mode laser range finder, and a new milimeter wave radar system. The two-mode laser range finder can be operated in a pulsed mode or in a constant stream and is capable of being used to paint an enemy target to assist guided missile variants of the An-1100 series tank rounds. The milimeter wave radar system is slaved to the fire control system and is designed for operation in situations where the laser range finder and stadard detection gear will not work. The milimeter wave radar system, although short ranged out to a maximum of three kilometers under ideal conditions, is capable of cutting through IR and laser disrupting smoke and aerosol screens with ease. Further, a small milimeter wave radar system was installed within the lower front hull to provide the driver control system with time-ahead information regarding the terrain, allowing the new suspension to be adjusted automatically by the computer for maximum stability at speed over terrain. A prototype MCA-7B retrofitted with the new system for testing was able to land all shots fired on a remotely opperated target vehicle from two kilometers using An-1000B kinetic energy rounds while moving at top cross country speed.

The crew is equipped with a full array of digital systems, including key backups, in a user freindly environment. Individual air conditioning is provided within the sealed vehicle, allowing comfortable opperation even under NBC conditions. An overpressure NBC system and air filtration system are standard. Additionally each crewmember is provided with an adjustable seat, angled within the vehicle depending on the crewmember it is placed for. The driver's seat is reclined, with an adjustable angle to allow the driver to sit up comfortable while driving with the hatch open. The gunner's seat is permenantly reclined, with comfort-specific adjustments avalible to the gunner, allowing maximum stability and comfort within the vehicle, as well as nessecary room to stretch, despite the cramped quarters. The commander's seat may be raised or lowered both manually and through an electric actuator system to allow the commander to raise or lowe his seat and view from outside the hatch as needed, or recline his seat as needed. All three crew seats are provided with storage spaces for personal items and canteens. Each crewmember is additionally provided with a hot and cold water outlet from the vehicles internal tank, allowing abundant ammounts of drinking water for mandatory consumption or for drinks like tea.

The driver is provided with a completely digital touch-screen engine managment suit, alongside the standard controls. From here the driver can view and to a small extent manage the engine, drivetrain, and fuel vitals. The driver can additionally shift the balance of fuel in the vehicle's tanks if needed, or pump fuel to another vehicle if connected to do such. The driver has a yolk style driving column with hands-on control layout for the automatic transmission and other small items such as lights and turn signals. The driver has three electro-optical periscopes feeding into three adjustable screens providing day and night viewing capability, as well as a rear-mounted electro-optical camera which can be viewed within one of the primary screens if nessecary. The periscope complex, as with the other periscopes, can be switched from electro-optical to the backup standard optical periscope simple by folding the small screen up and away.

The gunner is provided with a trio of adaptable touch-screens for managment of ammunition and the fire control system. The gunner's digital sight allows all weather operation, and may be switched between day and night modes, as well as set to display information from the much less capable milimeter wave rangefinding and targeting system. This allows the gunner to, in times of extremely low visibility which even standard IR and laser systems can not operate, fire upon enemy tanks. While not as accurate or capable as the standard system, the use of the milimeter wave radar system for targeting allows the crew slight advantage in ultra-low visibility situations. The gunner's control column includes a toggle to switch the FCS between operating the main gun, the coaxial machine gun, and the light mortar, with the system automaticly adjusting to the ballistic qualities of the differing weapons systems in relation to the ammunition chosen and the outside environment. Ammunition os selected via one of the three touch-screens.

The commander is provided with a two-tier visual suit for enhanced capability. Eleven digital screens surrounding the driver provide panoramic day and night views from sixteen well protected external electro-optical periscopes. Like the driver's periscopes, if nessecary the digital aspect of the system can be bypassed and the gunner and commander can make use of the sixteen periscopes as standard. Additionally the commander has a touch-screen display for the battlefield command and control system and controls for varios other duties, many of which can be displayed on the viewing pannels.Additionally the commander's hatch has a built in rotating system including six small standard periscopes, and the commanders independent viewing system for both day and night use. The commander needs only to twist this rotating element and designate a target for the gunner with his independent sight, allowing true hunter-killer capability. The design of the external hatch as well accomodates limited viewing through a slightly raised hatch without the need to fully open the hatch.

The combined electro-optical periscopes provide superior visual capability to the tank crew and especially the commander, while not compromising the nessecary standard periscope systems. The system consists of a standard laser-protected armour periscope with an additional level of a wide-angle high definition digital camera feeding an internal viewing system, allowing excellent under-armour viewing capability at day and night.

Mobility:

The most drastic structural change to the vehicle would be in the form of a complete overhaul of the suspension design, replacing the older eighteen roadwheel assemblies with twenty four interleaved roadwheel assemblies, provided with twelve torsion bars per side. The internals of the new suspension system were almost identical to those of the baseline B series, with the exception of more torsion bars and the replacement of the older hydraulic actuators with smaller and more powerful electrical ones. The new suspension system allows a lower ground pressure, essential for such a heavy tank, as well as allowing the vehicle to take advantage of terrain forms, and manipulate it's own mobility as needed. The adjustable suspension height allows the vehicle to lay almost flat against the ground, providing more sirface area on softer terrain by use of the belly of the hull itself, allowing the MCA-7G to be used in desert areas with somewhat softer sands then most armoured vehicles can manage, with somewhat reduced mobility. Additionally the suspension can be adjusted to take advantage of landforms to create hull down positions, or to allow the main gun to be lowered or raised a little bit extra.

The MCA-7G is powered by a modular mobility pack installed in the rear of the vehicle. The mobility pack includes the engine and limited fuel and water systems, as well as the hydraulic transmission and all protected lines. The system allows rapid change of the engine and transmission in as little as twenty minutes with the assistance of a crane, and also allows the high-pressure hydraulic transmission system to be isolated from the rest of the vehicle for safety reasons. The chassis is designed to accecpt the modular mobility pack and hold it securely in place, providing all connections in easily accessable areas behind the turret and under the turret bustle area.

The Guarita DO86-2T00 engine installed in the G is an upgrade of the former DO86-2S99 engine fitted to the B. The DO86-2T00 is a revolutionary advance in the standard engine, keeping the stadard engine block system of the DO86-2S99 and most of the internals. The primary difference comes from the new higher-flow and strength air intake system combined with a brand new variable turbocharger system. The new turbochargers are designed to provide high pressure through the high flow intercoolers of approxemetly 10 bar, allowing the engine to take full advantage of it's strong high pressure internals. The ability to run turbochargers as opposed to the superchargers needed previously has come about as a result of combining the previous gas turbine UAAPU with the engine system itself. While still providing the duties of the AUAPU, the new gas turbine is designed to provide the turbine pressure direct to the turbochargers of the engine, providing a constant flow of high pressure air into the engine and eliminating the need for the hot start capability of the B. This allows higher power to be acheived, and exceptionally higher torque, while maintaining the engine's other qualities. The gas turbine does not eat any more fuel as it is simply a redesign using the original system. Still retaining the Crower six cycle design and the water reclamation in the redesigned exhaust systems allowing the engine to recycle the water it uses to keep internally cool. The power requierments for the engine were enormus for a number of reasons, including the ability to power all systems in the vehicle. With the multitude of electrical systems within the vehicle, from electric actuatated adjusted suspension to the digital displays for the crew and the entire FCS including the gun itself, the MCA-7G is a power hungry beast. Additionally, the hydraulic transmission system aids in mobility, crucial to such a heavy vehicle. The transmission runs off solid-line hydraulic pressure lines with pressure provided directly by the engine. This allows the engine to run at optimal operating speeds constantly while providing maximum power and torque as needed, drasticaly increasing fuel effeciency overall. The system allows high average ammounts of power and torque to the tracks, allowing the heavy G to be exceptionally mobile. The transmission as well can, if needed, transfer power into torque if nessecary, allowing the G series to act as a buddy recovery vehicle by pushing other tanks out of areas they may have become stuck. The extra torque, which is automaticly controled by the drivetrain managment sensor which adjusts the transmission as needed, also allows the G to force it's way through more solid obstacles such as trees or anti-vehicle concrete barriers if nessecary, but with strain to both the chassis of the vehicle and the drivetrain.

The gas turbine auxilliary under armour power unit has been kept from the B model, allowing hot start capability with the engine. Other upgrades more easily noticed on the new MCA-7G include the installment of a built in dozer blade under the front hull to facilitate self digging of entrenched postsions. Coupled with the advanced adjustable suspension, this device will allow the quick preparation of defensive postsions in the event the MCA-7G should need to. Additionally the external fuel and water tank system was redesigned, with a close fitting water tank installed to the rear of the vehicle and able to be easily removed. A pair of larger, three hundred liter capacity, fuel drums have been hung from the external water tank on quick release system, allowing greater range then the older system, while still providing the safety of being dropped when nessecary. Finally an improved cooling system, tied to the fire control system's environmental sensors, was installed, allowing the vehicle to better control both the engine exhaust temerature and vehicle temperature in regards to the surrounding area. Coupled with the use of more modern heat release dispersion and semi radar absorbant camofualge netting the MCA-7G is set to be one of the hardest to detect armoured vehicles around under limited visibility conditions such as those seen at night, within sand storms or blizards, or within fog.

Specifications:

Designation: MCA-7B
- Name: "Urbara Tirak" - "Timber Wolf"
- Production Cost: 8,774,500 Sumerian Dinnar
- Export Cost: $18,000,000 USD
- Limited Domestic Production Rights: $15,000,000,000 USD per 1000 units.
- Full Domestic Production Rights: $2,000,000,000,000 USD.

Dimensions:
- Length: 7.7m (Hull)/11.75m (Gun Forward)
- Height: 2.48m (Turret Roof)
- Width: 3.8m (4.2m with Skirts)
- Mass: 86,800 kg
- Track Width: 720mm

Internal Systems:
- Crew: 3
- Autoloader: Type 998-X16B 2-Stage Autoloader
- Ammunition: 40 (Main), 1200 (Coaxial), 3000 (RWS), 180 (Enlil), 32 (Aerosol), 24 (Mortar), 2 (SRSAM)
- Transmission: Guarita Type 31A Automatic 8-forward 3-reverse
- Fuel Capacity: 1100L (Internal Tank), 600L (External Drum)
- Water Capacity: 600L (Internal Tank), 400L (External Tank)

Powerplant: Guarita DO86-2T00
- Power: 2800 bhp
- Displacement: 21.7 Liters
- Torque: 7.5 kNm at the crank.
- Layout: 8 Cylinder Hotozontally Opposed
- Induction: Twin-Turbocharger, Dual Fan-assisted Intercoolers
- Fuel Consumption: 1.95L per 1km Average

Performance:
- Maximum Speed (Road): 85km/h
- Range: 560km (870km with extra fuel)
- Power-Weight Ratio: 32hp/ton (Approx.)
- Ground Pressure: 1kg/cm2

Armament:
- Primary: Type-3700 140L50 Smoothbore (Single)
- Coaxial: 15mm Heavy Machine Gun (Single Coaxial)
- Auxilliary: 7.5mm Medium Machine Gun (RWS Mount)
- Extra: 70mm IR SRSAM Tubes (Dual, RWS mount)
- Mortar: 50mm LAS Light Automatic Mortar
- Dischargers: Aerosol, Enlil APS

Armor: Listed maximum approximate armor values.
- Armor Place: RHAe KE/CE thickness
- Hull Glacias: 2800mm/3500mm
- Hull Front: 1500mm/1900mm
- Hull Sides: 1500mm/1900mm *Skirt Included*
- Hull Rear: 600mm/750mm
- Hull Top: 240mm/360mm
- Turret Front: 2800mm/3500mm
- Turret Top: 260mm/400mm
- Turret Sides: 1500mm/1900mm
- Turret Rear: 600mm/750mm
- Turret Mantlet: 3000mm/3700mm


Munitions Specifications:

Types:
- An-1100A: Propellent Charge
- An-1100B: DU-APCFSDS-T
- An-1100C: Tandem HEAT-MP
- An-1100D: Training version of An-1100B
- An-1100E: Training version of An-1100C
- An-1100F: HE-Frag
- An-1100G: GLATGM
- An-1100H: DU-APCFSDS-R (Air Breathing Rocket Assist)


An-1100A
- Type: Propellant Charge
- Length: 60cm
- Diameter: 14cm
- Mass: 22kg

An-1100B
- Type: APCFSDS-T
- Length: 1000mm
- Diameter: 140mm/38mm (Bore/Penetrator)
- Penetrator Cap: 30x150mm DU
- Penetrator Rod: 20x800mm DU
- Muzzle Velocity: 2400 m/s
- Penetrator Mass: 9.5kg
- Propellent Mass: 10kg
- Penetration: ~1800mm RHAe @ 1000m

An-1100C
- Type: Tripple-Tandem HEAT-MP
- Length: 800mm
- Diameter: 140mm
- Pre-Charge: 70mm Cu
- Main Charge: 130mm W-CU
- Backing Charge: 100mm DU
- Mass: 25kg
- Penetration: 1900-2200mm (350mm-1000mm-800)

An-1100F
- Type: HE-Fragmentation
- Length: 800mm
- Diameter: 140mm
- Extended Fin Span: 400mm
- Charge Mass: 5kg

An-1100G
- Type: Gun Launched Anti-Tank Guided Missile
- Profile: Top Attack/Direct Attack
- Length: 1000mm
- Diameter: 140mm
- Mass: 25kg
- Velocity: 400m/s (800m/s peak)
- Range: 100-8000m
- Extended Finspan:
- Guidance: Laser Beam Rider
- Warhead: Tandem HEAT
- Penetration: 1000mm after ERA

An-1100H
- Type: Rocket Assisted APCFSDS
- Length: 1000mm
- Diameter: 140mm/38mm (Bore/Penetrator)
- Penetrator Cap: 30x150mm DU
- Penetrator Rod: 20x800mm DU
- Muzzle Velocity: 2000 m/s
- Velocity at 1000m: 2800m/s
- Penetrator Mass: 9.5kg
- Rocket Burn Time: 1.0 sec
- Penetration: ~2800mm RHAe @ 1500m

BOUGHT FROM UEMS

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Emperor Class Battlecruiser

The Emperor Class provides the capability to engage large surface ships and to defend the fleet against air and submarine attack. To improve this capability the Emperor Class has undergone a number of modifications to its structure and armarment. One of these improvements has been the upgradeing of the 5in Guns. Another 5in gun at the bow has also been installed.

AEGIS COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEM

The Emperor class are equipped with the Aegis Combat System which integrates the ship's electronic sensors and weapons systems to engage anti-ship missile threats. The Aegis system has a federated architecture with four subsystems – the AN/SPY-1 multifunction radar, the Command and Decision System (CDS), Aegis Display System (ADS) and the Weapon Control System (WCS).

The ships will be fitted with the latest Aegis upgrade, Baseline 7.1, which includes a new radar, AN/SPY-1D(V), which has enhanced electronic countermeasures and more effective capability in littoral environments. Baseline 7.1 is based on COTS (commercial-off-the-shelf) computer architecture.

MISSILES

Each ship is fitted with three Mark 41 Vertical Launch System (VLS) containing a total of 192 cells, each cell can be armed with the Boeing/Raytheon Tomahawk cruise missiles and Martin ASROC vertical launch anti-submarine systems. (Note: the number of one type of missile verses the others can be changed depending on what you want up to a total of 192 cells.)The Mark 41 launchers are being upgraded with new Lockheed Martin AN/ALQ-70 computers and the ability to launch Evolved Seasparrow (ESSM) missiles. The Tomahawk in the anti-ship role uses inertial guidance and active/passive radar homing to a range of 250 nautical miles. The land attack (TLAM) version uses a Tercom (terrain comparison) and inertial navigation system (TAINS). Range is up to 2,500km.

Four quad-cell launchers for the Boeing Harpoon surface-to-surface missile system are installed on the gun deck at the stern of the ship. Harpoon has a range up to 125km.

The ships are also armed with the Raytheon Standard Missile 2MR surface-to-air missile which uses command and inertial guidance and semi-active radar homing and has a range of 70km. The Standard missiles are stored in the three Mark 41 VLS. The SM-2R missile is being upgraded to the SM-3, which is designed to intercept ballistic missiles outside the earth's atmosphere and will form part of the Navy's Sea-based Midcourse Defense (SMD). The missile has new GPS/INS (global positioning / inertial navigation) guidance and kinetic warhead. Lockheed Martin has developed the Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) 3.0 capability for the Aegis combat system to engage ballistic missiles with the SM-3 missile.

TORPEDOES

The Crusiers are fitted with two (triple) 324mm Mk 32 Mod 14 torpedo tubes, which launch ATK (AlliantTechsystems) Mk 46 or Mk 50 active/passive homing anti-submarine torpedoes. The Mark 46 anti-submarine torpedo has a range of 10km, Mark 50 has a range of 15km.

The Lockheed Martin Vertical Launch ASROC is armed with the Mark 50 or Mark 46 torpedo and is launched from the Mark 41 VLS.

GUNS

The ship's main guns are three Mk 7 16in/50 caliber gun in one turret at bow and four BAE Systems Land & Armaments (formerly United Defense) MK 45 Mod 4 5"/62 caliber guns capable of firing 32kg shells to a target range of 22km at a maximum firing rate of 20 rounds per minute. The Mk 45 Mod 4 Gun, can also fire extended range guided munitions (ERGM) to a range of nearly 60 miles.

Four Raytheon Phalanx Mark 15 close-in weapon systems are installed. Phalanx has a 20mm/53-calibre six-barrel gun capable of firing 3,000 rounds/min to a target range of 1.5km. Phalanx Block 1B is fitted with a thermal imager and can fire 4,000 rounds/minute. Two SGE-30 Goalkeeper close-in weapon system (CIWS) are also installed, each one consists of a 30mm seven-barrel gun providing a rate of fire of over 4,000 rounds/min. Range is 200m to 3km.

COUNTERMEASURES

The ship is equipped with the AN/SLQ-25 Nixie towed torpedo decoy from Argon ST (formerly Sensytech) of Newington, Virginia, and six to eight Mark 36 six-barrel launchers for SRBOC from Lockheed Martin Sippican, which fire infrared decoys and chaff. The ship's electronic support measures and countermeasures system is the Raytheon AN/SLQ-32.

HELICOPTERS

The ship supports three Sikorsky SH-60B Seahawk or similar helicopters fitted with the LAMPS mission avionics integrated by Lockheed Martin Federal Systems which provides the capability of directing tactical actions by the ship and air team. When not in use the three helicopters can be accommodated in the hanger.

SENSORS

The ship's phased array air search and fire control radar, the Lockheed Martin AN/SPY-1 operating at E and F bands, provides continuous search and tracking of several hundred targets. The air search radar operating at C and D bands is the Raytheon AN/SPS-49. Also fitted is the Cardion surface search radar AN/SPS-55, operating at I and J band, Lockheed Martin AN/SPQ-9A fire control radar operating at I and J band and four Raytheon AN/SPG-62 fire control radars operating at I and J band.

The Lockheed Martin AN/SQQ-89 sonar combines hull-mounted active search and attack sonar and passive towed array.

PROPULSION

The ship's propulsion system is based on a combination of nuclear power and gas turbines, with one C8G Pressurized water-cooled natural circulation reactor and two Fiat gas turbines. The two steam turbines and two gas turbines deliver a combinded output of 114,000shp. Two shafts drive two five-bladed, fixed-pitch propellers. The propulsion system provides a full speed of 31 knots.

SPECIFICATIONS
Dimensions: Length (826.10 ft), Beam (93.6 ft); Draught (32.10 ft)
Displacement: 31,309 tons standard or 35,796 tons full load
Armor Protection: 12-4 inch belt, 10in barbettes, 11in turrets, and 3-1 inch decks.
Complement: 727


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Azrael Class SuperDreadnought


Design

The design of the ship incorporates stealth features with emphasis on reduction of radar cross section, infrared, acoustic, electrical and magnetic signatures. Watertight compartments, insulation, redundancy of vital systems, power distribution, and routing, blast and fragmentation retaining structures provide a very high level of survivability against missile attack and fire hazards. For nuclear, chemical and biological warfare protection the ship is subdivided into eight gas citadels and a sub citadel. Automation and integration of systems has enabled a significant reduction in crew.

The Azrael Class uses a Trimaran Hull inplace of a monohull. The Triple-Hull layout contributes to greater speed, lower fuel consumption, better stability, and improved maneuverabilty compared with monohull designs. The improved stability over a monohull design allows the ship to operate in stormy weather that would send monhull ships scurrying to a safe harbor. Another advantage afforded by the Trimaran Hull Design and its improved stability is allowing gunners to hit their targets more easily.

The Armour for the ship is contrusted from a new alloy created by UEMS. Named Cartanconium, this alloy is some of the toughest metal known to man. Able to take massive amounts of punishment from both KE Rounds and HEAT rounds. Cartanconium was designed to take massive amounts of heat energy and not lose its structure. Any Modern or Future Missile would be hard pressed to dent a hole in the Armour of the Azrael Class. Cartanconium is also designed to stop KE Rounds, even Depleted Uranium [DU] rounds will be hard pressed to pentrate through Cartanconium Armour. Rest assured, Cartanconium will become the standard Armour of the future for all nations.

AEGIS COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEM

The Azrael Class is equipped with the lastest Aegis Combat System which integrates the ship's electronic sensors and weapons systems to engage anti-ship missile threats. The Aegis system has a federated architecture with four subsystems – the AN/SPY-3 multifunction radar, the Command and Decision System (CDS), Aegis Display System (ADS) and the Weapon Control System (WCS).

The weapons control systems include a SWG-1A for Harpoon, SWG-3 forTomahawk, Mk 99 Mod 3 missile fire control system, GWS34 Mod 0 gun fire control system and Mk 116 Mod 7 fire control system for anti-submarine systems.

MISSILES

Each ship is fitted with Four Mark 41 Vertical Launch System (VLS) containing a total of 224 cells, with two 64 celled Mk41 VLS side by side near the stern of the ship, a single 64 celled Mk41 VLS behind the rear turret and single Mk41 VLS with 32 cells at the bow of the ship. Each cell can be either armed with Boeing/Raytheon Tomahawk cruise missiles, Lockheed Martin ASROC vertical launch anti-submarine systems, armed with the Mark 50 or Mark 46 torpedo. The Mark 46 anti-submarine torpedo has a range of 10km, Mark 50 has a range of 15km. (Note: As always the number of missiles of each type can be varied.) In the anti-ship role the Tomahawk missile uses inertial guidance and active/passive radar homing to a range of 250 nautical miles. The land attack (TLAM) version uses a Tercom (terrain comparison) and inertial navigation system (TAINS). Range is up to 2,500km.

The Mark 41 launchers are equipped with new Lockheed Martin AN/ALQ-70 computers and the ability to launch Evolved Seasparrow (ESSM) missiles and Tactical Tomahawk (Block IV) missiles. ESSM has been developed by Raytheon and is designed to counter high-speed anti-ship missiles. It has the same semi-active radar guidance and warhead as the Seasparrow but has a new rocket motor and tail control to provide increased speed, range and manoeuvrability. Tactical Tomahawk has the capability for mission planning onboard the launch vessel, in-flight targeting and loitering.

The ships Mark 41 launchers are also armed with the Raytheon Standard Missile 3 surface-to-air missile which uses command and inertial guidance and semi-active radar homing and has a range of 70km. The SM-3 is designed to intercept ballistic missiles outside the earth's atmosphere. The missile has new GPS/INS (global positioning / inertial navigation) guidance and kinetic warhead. Lockheed Martin has developed the Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) 3.0 capability for the Aegis combat system to engage ballistic missiles with the SM-3 missile.

Twelve four-cell launchers for the Boeing Harpoon surface-to-surface missile system are installed on the gun deck at the stern of the ship. Harpoon has a range up to 125km.

GUNS

The ship's main guns are nine 18.1 inch/45 caliber Rail guns capable of firing a 1,460kg shell out to a target range of 250nm or 450km at a maximum firing rate of 6 to 12 rounds per minute.

Secondary guns are ten 6.1 inch/62 caliber Advance Gun System or (AGS). Each gun is capable of firing a 102kg Long Range Land Attack Projectile (LRLAP) out to a range of 100nm (180km). It is also able to fire a 90kg Ballistic Long Range Projectile out to a range of 24nm (44km).

Four Raytheon Phalanx Mark 15 close-in weapon systems are installed. Phalanx has a 20mm/53-calibre six-barrel gun capable of firing 3,000 rounds/min to a target range of 1.5km. Phalanx Block 1B is fitted with a thermal imager and can fire 4,000 rounds/minute. Two SGE-30 Goalkeeper close-in weapon system (CIWS) are also installed, each one consists of a 30mm seven-barrel gun providing a rate of fire of over 4,000 rounds/min. Range is 200m to 3km.

COUNTERMEASURES

The ship is equipped with the AN/SLQ-25 Nixie towed torpedo decoy and six to eight Mark 36 six-barrel launchers for SRBOC from Lockheed Martin Sippican, which fire infrared decoys and chaff. The ship's electronic support measures and countermeasures system is the Raytheon AN/SLQ-32.

HELICOPTERS

The ship can support up to four helicopters which provides search-and-attack capability for ASW and surface surveillance and over-the-horizon targeting for anti-surface warfare.

SENSORS

The radar suite will consist of a dual band radar for horizon and volume search, an L-band volume search radar (VSR) integrated with the AN/SPY-3 multi-function radar. The two radars are to be integrated at waveform level for enhanced surveillance and tracking capability. The AN/SPY-3 Multi-Function Radar (MFR) is an X-band active phased-array radar designed to detect low-observable anti-ship cruise missiles and support fire-control illumination for the ESSM and Standard Missiles.

The sonar suite is the Lockheed Martin SQQ-89(V)15, which includes Edo Corporation AN/SQS-53C bow-mounted active search and attack sonar and the AN/SQR-19B passive towed array. The SQQ-89(V) allows deployment of the Lockheed Martin AN/WLD-1 Remote Minehunting System. AN/WLD-1 includes a Remote Minehunting Vehicle (RMV) that tows the AN/AQS-20A variable depth sonar (VDS).

PROPULSION

The ship's propulsion system consists of one B5W nuclear reactor and one GE PWR B6W reactor system driving four steam turbines of 182,000shp. The turbines drive four shafts with fixed pitch propellers, their are also two bow outboard thruster pods aimed in opposite directions, giving the ship greater maneuverability. The propulsion system provides a maximum speed of 33 knots. An single GE LM 2500+ gas turbine,rated at 33,600hp can be used for emergencies.

SPECIFICATIONS
Ship's complement: 1,515 personnel
Displacement: 60,500 tons standard displacement or 70,965 tons full load
Dimensions: Length (921 ft), Beam (121.2 ft); Draught (36.4 ft)
Armor (Cartanconium): 10.2in-16.1in Belt on 1in STS, 1in-7.2in Internal Belt, 6in-7.35in Deck with 2.25in weather deck and .62-.75in splinter deck, 15.3in Bulkheads, 18in-21.3in Barbettes, 9.15in-22.5in turrets and 18in CT with 7.25in roof



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Ark Royal Class Aircraft Carrier

HISTORY

Resulting from a design request submitted by the nation of Neo Mithral Hall for a nuclear powered Invincible Class Carrier. The Ark Royal Class as it came to be known within United Earthlings is similar in both shape and function to the Invincible Class Carrier, with the key difference being the installment of a single nuclear reactor in place of the four gas turbines. Like the Invincible Class Carrier, the Ark Royal is capable of both sea control and maritime force projection to maritime strike, littoral maneuvers and command and control of land operations. All vessels are being built or to be built by Norfolk Marine Shipbuilding&Engineering.

While, the Invincible Class regularly operates with a crew of over 1,000. Thanks to crew reducing equipment and technologies, the Ark Royal Class can do the same job with a much smaller crew of around eight hundred {800}, including an air crew of four hundred and thirty {430}. Also, like the Invincible Class the Ark Royal Class has the capacity for an additional five hundred {500} personnel. The final modification that distinguishes the Ark Royal Class from it’s predecessor is the use of an bulbous bow that increases buoyancy to the forward end of the ship thereby providing improved hull efficiency by reducing drag.

The Ark Royal Class is fitted with the same enhancements given to the Invincible Class following their refit which included the fitting of better aviation facilities, an enhanced communications mast, SCOT 5 satellite communications system, Bowman command and control communications system, electronic charting and towed sonar decoy system.

COMMAND SYSTEMS

The upgraded combat data system with new multi-function consoles and flat-panel color displays is BAE Systems ADIMP with communication links; Link 10, Link 11 and Link 14. The Ark Royal Class is also fitted with the Link 16, for anti-air warfare control and aircraft direction, and a new IFF (Interrogation Friend or Foe) tracking capability. The secure satellite communications system, the Astrium SCOT 5, has the capacity to handle data rates up to 2Mb/s.

GUNS

The Ark Royal Class can be fitted with either three Mark 15 Phalanx close-in weapon systems (CIWS) or three Thales Nederland (formerly Signaal) Goalkeeper CIWS. Each Phalanx CIWS has one 20mm M61A1 Vulcan Gatling-principle gun which fires 3,000 rounds a minute at a range of 1.5km, while Goalkeeper's Gatling principle 30mm gun provides a maximum firing rate of 4,200 rounds a minute with a range of 1,500m. The Ark Royal Class is also fitted with two GAM-B01 20mm guns, which have a maximum range of 2km and a firing rate of 1,000 rounds a minute.

COUNTERMEASURES

The Ark Royal class is fitted with the Thales Defence Type 675(2) jamming system and a UAT(8) electronic support measures system also supplied by Thales Defence. The ship's decoy system is the Outfit DLJ with Sea Gnat chaff and infra-red decoys. There are eight 130mm six-barrel launchers.

AIRCRAFT

The Tailored Air Group (TAG) can be composed of up to 24 aircraft including up to nine STOVL/VTOL aircraft like the Harrier or F-35B. The TAG also includes a mix of helicopters depending on the designated role given to the Carrier. The runway is about 170m long with a ski ramp set at 12°. In the hangar deck the aircraft are tethered to the floor using securing chains with tension clamps. The Ark Royal Class can carry up to 250,000 gallons of Aviation fuel.

SENSORS

The Ark Royal class can be fitted with either the BAE Systems Type 992 or Type 996 surface search radar antennae which is mounted very high on the tower between the two funnels. Both surface radars operate at E and F bands. BAE Systems Type 1022 air search radar operates at D band. The Ark Royal class is equipped with a Kelvin Hughes Type 2007 navigation radar that can be operated at I and F bands. The sonar system is the hull-mounted Type 2016 active/passive search and attack sonar by Thales Underwater Systems.

PROPULSION

The Ark Royal Class is equipped with one General Electric A4W/A1G nuclear pressurized water reactor, driving two steam turbines and two shafts generating a total of 130,000hp (97MW). The main propulsion system provides a maximum speed of over 30+ knots with an almost unlimited range.

SPECIFICATIONS

Crew: 480 with 40 officers and an Air Crew of 250 to 350 with 70-80 officers.
Dimensions: Overall Length 210m(689 ft), Overall Width at Deck Level 36m(118 ft), Length of Deck Runway 170m(557 ft), Width of Deck Runway 13.2m(43.3 ft)
Displacement: Standard-16,850 tons and Full load-20,600t
Performance: Maximum Speed of 30+kts
Weapon Systems: Guns-3 x Mark 15 Phalanx 20mm gun or 3x Goalkeeper 30mm gun, 2 x GAM-B01 20mm gun
Propulsion: One General Electric A4W/A1G PWR, providing 130,000hp to two shafts

Hornet Class

The Hornet Class aircraft carriers are some of the largest warships ever built. With over 3,000 personnel (crew and aircrew), the carrier has a standard displacement of 34,880t, and has a flight deck length of some 272.3m. All nuclear-powered Hornet class carriers have been built by United Earthling Shipbuilding, based in Virginia.

Tasked with a multi-mission attack/ASW role, the first of its class, UES Hornet, was commissioned in 2006. Other hulls have yet to be named. The vessels have a modernised island house with new radar tower and transparent armour windows as well as upgraded navigation and communications systems. It will also have a new aircraft launch and recovery system and JP-5 fuel system for improved storage and handling of aircraft fuel. The Hornet Class incorporates new technologies including a new multi-function radar system, volume search radar and open architecture information network, providing a significantly reduced crew requirement, and a new nuclear power plant.

Though showing great promise, The Hornet Class ultimately turned out to be a failure. All vessels within the service of the United Earthlings Navy have been decommissioned and pending no future orders, the class will be discontinued.

DESIGN

The Hornet Class carriers have a standard displacement of 34,880t and 43,060t fully loaded. They have a length of 894.6 ft (272.4m), a beam of 103 ft (31.4m) and a Draft of 23 ft (7m). The carrier reaches a maximum speed of 30.7 knots, and accommodates a complement of 2,631 personnel (with 268 officers); 609 aircrew (with 72 officers); and 70 flag (with 25 officers).

AIRCRAFT

The Hornet Class can operate up to 42 aircraft of various types and up to 6 heliocopters of various types. Air wings can also be varied according to the nature of the operation.

The flight deck measures 272.2m x 50.6m and is equipped with three lifts, two steam-driven catapults and four arrester wires. The carrier is capable of launching one aircraft every 20 seconds.

MISSILES

The more recently built carriers are armed with three Raytheon GMLS Mk 29 eight-cell launchers for Nato Seasparrow surface-to-air missiles. Seasparrow has a range of 14.5km and semi-active radar terminal guidance. The carriers are also being fitted with the Raytheon RAM (Rolling Airframe) missile system, which provides short-range defence against incoming anti-ship missiles, including sea-skimming missiles.

GUNS

There are four Raytheon/General Dynamics 20mm Phalanx 6-barrelled Mk 15 close-in weapon systems which have a firing rate of 3,000 rounds/min and a range of 1.5km.

COUNTERMEASURES

Decoys include four Sippican SRBOC (Super Rapid Bloom Off-Board Chaff) 6-barrelled Mk 36 decoy launchers, which deploy infrared flares and chaff, SSTDS torpedo defence system and AN/SLQ-25 Nixie torpedo countermeasures system, from Sensytech Inc of Newington, Virginia.

The Raytheon AN/SLQ-32(V) electronic warfare system detects hostile radar emissions by two sets of antennae and the system analyses the pulse repetition rate, the scan mode, the scan period, and the frequency. The system identifies the threat and direction, provides a warning signal and interfaces to the ship's countermeasures systems.

COMBAT SYSTEMS

The carriers’ combat data systems are based around the Block 0 or 1 naval tactical and advanced combat direction system (ACDS) with communications Links 4A, 11, 14, and 16. Weapons control is managed by three Mk 91 Mod 1 MFCS directors for the Seasparrow missile. The Hornet Class are fitted with the SSDS Mk2 Mod 0 ship self defense system, developed by Raytheon. The SSDS will provide automated self-defence against anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCMs) by integrating and co-ordinating the ship’s weapon and electronic warfare systems.

The Hornet Class has also been fitted with the Lockheed Martin TIS (Tactical Input Segment) digital reconnaissance processing system, which can receive real-time imagery from airborne sensors.

SENSORS

Air search radars include the ITT SPS-48E 3-D, operating at E/F-band; Raytheon SPS49(V)5, C/D-band; and Raytheon Mk 23 TAS, D-band. Surface search radar is the Northrop Grumman Norden Systems SPS-67V, operating at G-band.

PROPULSION

The nuclear-powered carrier has one A4W General Electric pressurised water reactor driving four steam turbines of 140,000hp (104MW) to four shafts. There is one emergency LM2500+ gas turbine of 33,600hp.







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F-21A/C/T "SparrowHawk"

The F-21 is a single seat Multi-Role Fighter, while the F-21 may look like an F-35, the two aircraft are completely different. The F-21 was designed to fulfill the role of a single-seat multi-role fighter with the same abilities as other 21st century fighters. To achieved these abilities the advantages of the F-35 and F-16 were combined to produce an aircraft with greater capabilities then of either aircraft. Some of these abilities included an improved cockpit, a multi vector engine, greater stealth ability and plus Mach 2 ability are just a few of the improvements to name. Over the next decade the F-21 will become the premier Multi-Role fighter in service with the Air Forces of United Earthlings.

DESIGN
The F-21 construction is of 39% titanium, 24% composite materials, 16% aluminum and 1% thermoplastic by weight. Titanium is used for its high strength-to-weight ratio in critical stress areas, including some of the bulkheads, and also for its heat-resistant qualities in the hot sections of the aircraft. Carbon fibre composites have been used for the fuselage frame, the doors and for the honeycomb sandwich construction skin panels.

To improved on the F-21 design and allow it to compete with other Multi-Role Fighters a number of modifications were made. The key change was the ability of the F-21 to be able to operate from Aircraft Carriers. The "SparrowHawk" is the first 21st century fighter able to operate from a Carrier. With this ability, the SparrowHawk is capable of taking on any role, whether it be for the Navy or the Air Force.

COCKPIT
The cockpit is fitted with hands-on throttle and stick control (HOTAS). The cockpit has six color liquid crystal displays. The Kaiser Electronics Projection Primary Multifunction Display provides a plan view of the air and ground tactical situation including threat identity, threat priority and tracking information.

Two displays provide communication, navigation, identification and flight information. Three secondary displays show air and ground threats, stores management and air threat information.

A UEMS Head Up Display (HUD) shows target status, weapon status, weapon envelopes and shoot cues. A video camera records data on the HUD for post-mission analysis.

WEAPONS
The aircraft has eight hardpoints for weapons payloads: one at each wing tip, three under each wing. The F-21 Sparrowhawk has three internal weapon bays. The main weapons bay can carry six AMRAAM AIM-120C|D missiles or two AMRAAM and two 1,000lb GBU-32 Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM). The bay is fitted with the EDO Corp. LAU-142/A AVEL AMRAAM Vertical Ejection Launcher which is a pneumatic-ejection system controlled by the stores management system. The ordnance is launched from Raytheon LAU-88 launchers, MAU-12 and Orgen bomb ejector racks. The port wing can be fitted with a 25mm General Electric GAU-12/U Equalizer multi-barrel cannon, Mauser BK27mm gun or 20mm M61A2 Vulcan cannon depending on customer requirements. The gunsight is interfaced to the cockpit HUD.

Weapons cleared for internal and external carriage include the: JDAMs (Joint Direct Attack Munitions), WCMD (Wind-Corrected Munitions Dispenser) for CBU-87, 89, and 97 cluster munitions, JSOWs (Joint Standoff Weapons), Paveway II guided bombs, Small Diameter Bombs (SDB); AIM-120C|D AMRAAM, MBDA Meteor, ASRAAM and IRIS-T air-to-air missiles.

For external carriage only: Raytheon Sparrow, MBDA Skyflash,and the MBDA R550 Magic 2 air-to-air missiles. Air-to-surface bombs and missiles include the JASSM (Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile), MBDA PGM 500/2000 family of bombs, MBDA Brimstone and Maverick anti-armour missiles, HARM and ALARM anti-radiation missiles. Anti-ship missiles include the Boeing Harpoon, MBDA AM39 Exocet and Kongsberg Penguin 3.

The F-21 can be fitted with Lockheed Martin Wind Corrected Munitions Dispenser (WCMD), which provides precision guidance for CBU-87, 89, and 97 cluster munitions. The system corrects for launch transients, ballistic errors, and winds aloft. The GPS-guided, Boeing Small Diameter Bomb (SDB) has also been certified to be carried on the F-21. Eight SDBs can be carried with two AMRAAM missiles. The F-21 will be the first aircraft to use the UEAF's new weapon rack, the Edo Corporation BRU-57. The BRU-57 is a vertical ejection rack which doubles the aircraft's capacity for precision-guided weapons like JDAM and WCMD.

TARGETING
Lockheed Martin Missile & Fire Control and Northrop Grumman Electronic Sensors and Systems are jointly responsible for the F-21 electro-optical system. A Lockheed Martin Electro-Optical Targeting System (EOTS) will provide long-range detection and precision targeting, along with the Northrop Grumman DAS (Distributed Aperture System) thermal imaging system.

EOTS will be based on the Sniper XL pod developed for the F-16, which incorporates a mid-wave third-generation FLIR, dual mode laser, CCD TV, laser tracker and laser marker. BAE Systems Avionics in will provide the laser systems.

DAS consists of multiple infrared cameras (supplied by Indigo Systems of Goleta, California) providing 360° coverage using advanced signal conditioning algorithms. As well as situational awareness, DAS provides navigation, missile warning and Infrared Search and Track (IRST). EOTS is embedded under the aircraft's nose, and DAS sensors are fitted at multiple locations on the aircraft.

RADAR
United Earthlings Aerospace Systems(UEAS) is developing the advanced electronically scanned array (AESA) AN/APG-81 multi-function radar. The AN/APG-81 AESA will combine an integrated radio frequency subsystem with a multifunction array. The radar system will also incorporate the agile beam steering capabilities developed for the APG-77.

COUNTERMEASURES
The aircraft's electronic warfare system includes a radar warning receiver and a UEAS Information & Electronic Warfare Systems (IEWS) missile launch detector.

NAVIGATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
The TRW CNI communications, navigation and identification system includes an intra-flight datalink, joint tactical information distribution system (JTIDS) link and an identification friend or foe (IFF) system. The National Aviation Corporation along with United Earthlings Aerospace Systems is responsible for mission software and avionics integration. The aircraft has a UEAS LTN-100G laser gyroscope inertial reference, a global positioning system and a microwave landing system.

ENGINE
The F-21 is powered by one Pratt and Whitney F119-100 engine capable of ±20° of pitch axis. The F119-100 is a low bypass after burning turbofan engine providing a total output of 35,000lbs (156kN) of thrust. The F119 is the first fighter aircraft engine equipped with hollow wide chord fan blades which are installed in the first fan stage. Thrust vectoring is controlled by a Hamilton Standard dual redundant full authority digital engine control (FADEC). The FADEC is integrated with the flight control computers in the BAE Systems Flight Controls vehicle management system. The fuel supply is equipped with an inert gas anti-fire system. An in-flight refueling probe is installed in the top of the fuselage.

UEAS has completed developmental flight testing on new Conformal Fuel Tanks (CFT) for the F-21, which will significantly add to the aircraft's mission radius.

VARIANTS
The F-21 is planned to be built in three different versions to suit the needs of its various users.

The F-21A, the conventional takeoff and landing (CTOL) variant is the smallest, lightest version of the F-21 series. The F-21A not only matches the F-16 and F-35 in maneuverability, instantaneous and sustained high-g performance, but also outperforms it in stealth, payload, range on internal fuel, avionics, operational effectiveness, supportability, and survivability.

The F-21C naval variant will have a larger, folding wing and larger control surfaces for improved low-speed control, and stronger landing gear for the stresses of carrier landings. The larger wing area provides increased range and payload, with twice the range on internal fuel compared with the F/A-18C Hornet, achieving much the same goal as the heavier F/A-18E/F Super Hornet.

The F-21T, a two-seat model of the F-21A, has tandem cockpits that are about the same size as the one in the A model. Its bubble canopy extends to cover the second cockpit. To make room for the second cockpit, the forward fuselage fuel tank and avionics growth space were reduced. During training, the forward cockpit is used by a student pilot with an instructor pilot in the rear cockpit.

SPECIFICATIONS
(Dimensions)
Length-54.6 ft [16.6 meters]
Height-16.4 ft [5 meters]
Wingspan-42.9 ft [13.1 meters]
(Weights)
Empty-26,463 lbs [12,003 kg]
Maximum takeoff-60,000 lbs [27,216kg]
(Performance)
Maximum Speed-Mach 2.2 or 1,451 mph
Service Ceiling-60,000 ft
Operational Radius-851 miles
Range-More than 2,000 miles ferry range
Crew- 1(A/C), Trainer- 2(T)

UE "Enforcer" Assault Rifle

The "Enforcer" Assault Rifle was born to combine the power of the 5.56X45 NATO round with that of the 7.62X51 NATO round, as such the weapon is fitted with two barrels. One for 5.56mm rounds and the other one to handle all 7.62mm rounds. After years of research and devolpment- the final result was the UE-56/62 "Enforcer" Assault Rifle. The new assault rifle has been adopted by the armed forces of United Earthlings as it's standard Assault Rifle. All Military Personnel in United Earthlings are trained to use this weapon. After decades of service, all "Enforcer's" have been removed from service in the armed forces of United Earthlings to be replaced by the G-36. Until, a replacement assault rifle that fires just 7.62mm rounds can be found or designed, the G-36 will remain the standard Assault Rifle in the service of the UE's military. Though, the "Enforcer" has been withdraw from service. It will continue to be offer for sale to the international world.

SPECIFICATIONS:
Caliber: 5.56X45mm NATO and 7.62X51mm NATO/7.62X39mm M43(Russian)
Length: 998mm with Buttstock open and 758mm with it closed
Barrel Length: 480mm for the 5.56 Round and 508 for the 7.62 Rounds
Weight Empty(With empty magazine): 3.77 kg (8.3 lbs)
Magazine Capacity: 30 rounds standard for the 5.56 and 7.62X39 Rounds and 20 rounds standard for the 7.62X51 Rounds
Rate of Fire: 750 Rounds a minute for the 5.56 Rounds and 600 Rounds a minute for the 7.62 Rounds

Technical description.
From the technical point of view, the UE "Enforcer" is a radical departure from all the previous assault rifles, based on the proven G3 roller-delayed system. The UE "Enforcer" is a conventional gas operated, selective fire rifle, made from most modern materials and using the most modern technologies available today.

The receiver and most of the others external parts of the UE "Enforcer" are made from reinforced polymers, with steel inserts where appropriate. The operating system with its short stroke gas piston, located above the barrel, square-shaped bolt carrier and the typical rotating bolt with 7 locking lugs. The bolt carrier rides on a single guide rod, with the return spring around it. The charging handle is attached to the top of the bolt carrier and can be rotated to the left or to the right. When not in use, the charging handle aligns itself with the axis of the weapon under the pressure of its spring, and reciprocates with the bolt group at the top of the receiver. The gas block is fitted with the self-adjustable gas valve, that expels all the used gases forward, away from the shooter. The ejection windows are located at the right side of the receiver and features a spent cases deflector to propel the ejected cases away from the face of the left-handed shooter.

All the major parts are assembled on the receiver using the cross- pins, so rifle can be disassembled and reassembled back without any tools.

The typical UEMS trigger unit is assembled in a separate plastic housing, integral with the pistol grip and the triggerguard. Thanks to this feature, a wide variety of firing mode combinations can be used on any rifle, simply by installing the appropriate trigger unit. Standard options are single shots, full automatic fire, 2 or 3 round bursts in any reasonable combinations. The default version is the single shots + 2 rounds burst + full auto. The two ambidextrous fire selector levers also serves as safety switchs.

The UE "Enforcer" is fed from the proprietary 30 or 20-rounds box magazines, made from translucent plastic. All magazines have special studs on its sides, so two or three magazines can be clipped together for faster reloading. The magazine housings of the UE "Enforcer" are made as a separate parts, so the UE "Enforcer" can be easily adjusted to the various magazine interfaces. By the standard, the magazine release catch is located just behind the magazine, in the G3 or AK-47 style, rather than on the side of the magazine housing (M16-style).

The side-folding, sturdy skeletonized buttstock is standard on all UE "Enforcer" rifles. It folds to the right side and does not interfere with rifle operation when folded.

The standard sighting equipment of the UE "Enforcer" consists of the TWO scopes - one 3.5X telescope sight below, with the second 1X red-dot sight above it. The sights are completely independent, with the former suitable for long range accurate shooting, and the latter suitable for the fast target acquisition at the short ranges. Both sights are built into the plastic carrying handle.

The standard UE "Enforcer" rifles cannot be fitted with a underbarrel grenade launcher, however it can be fitted with bayonets and flashlights. A modify version of the "Enforcer" can be fitted with a 40mm grenade launcher, however this has the disadvantage of increasing the weight of the weapon to 5.2 kg or 11.5 lbs. This is why, most "Enforcer" assault rifles are not fitted with an grenade launcher as to reduce the weight of the weapon and that the 7.62mm rounds were seen as just effective as a single 40mm grendade.

U-3A2 Main Battle Tank (http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/ShermanFirefly.jpg)



The U-3A2 Main Battle Tank is a modernised upgraded of the now infamous Sherman, developed by Urcea. The tank has provided proven battlefield performance over six decades and has been continuously advanced and upgraded with advanced weapon control, ammunition, applique armour and increasingly powerful engines.

ARMAMENT:

The main gun is the 120mm L55 Smoothbore Gun with 38 rounds of ammunition. The gun is fully stabilised in the elevation and traverse axes, and is fitted with a thermal sleeve. Both gunner and commander are able to fire the gun and select the type of ammunition to be fired. The commander has a 12.7mm Browning M2 machine gun. A 7.62mm Rheinmetall M3 machine gun is also mounted coaxially on the right hand side of the main armament.

The tank has two smoke generation systems, an engine exhaust smoke system which sprays fuel into the exhaust manifold, and two six-barrelled smoke grenade launchers which are fitted on ether side of the turret.

PROTECTION:

The turret is protected with second generation Chobham armour and is usually fitted with ERA for greater protection. A nuclear, biological and chemical (NBC) protection system is located in the turret bustle. The U-3A2 has a KE protection level of 380-520mm in the turret and 400-430mm in the Glacis. Against CE, the U-3A2 has a 850-1250mm in the turret and 570mm in the Glacis.

FIRE CONTROL AND OBSERVATION:

The tank is fitted with a Raytheon fire control system including an AN/WG-2 eyesafe laser rangefinder and M21 ballistic computer. The gunner's sight is boresighted with the laser rangefinder.

The tank's M21 fire control computer senses the type of ammunition, which has been selected. The gunner provides the input data for the air temperature and pressure. Other input data is downloaded from various sensors: the target range from the laser rangefinder and cant, crosswind, and inertial tracking rates from the gun stabilisation unit. This allows accurate engagement against moving targets while the tank is on the move.

PROPULSION:

The Continental AVDS-1790-2C 12 cylinder air-cooled diesel engine provides 750 bhp at a rotational speed of 2,400rpm. The U-3A2 achieves a maximum cross-country speed of 10mph to 12mph and up to 30mph roadspeed. The cruise range is 312 miles.

The vehicle is able to negotiate vertical steps up to 36 inches, gradients up to 60% and side slopes up to 30%. The tank can cross water up to 48in in depth without preparation and up to 90in in depth using the fording kit.

SPECIFICATIONS:

Crew: 4
length without gun forward: 19ft 4in or 5.89m
Height: 9ft or 2.74m
Width: 8ft 7in or 2.62m
Weight: 39 tons
ground clearance: 18 in
ground pressure: 12.28 psi
Performance- acceleration , 0 to 20 mph: 15 secs
maximum speed: 35 mph
maximum cross-country speed: 10 to 12 mph
maximum gradient: 60 per cent
cruise range: 312 miles
obstacle crossing, vertical: 36 in
obstacle crossing trench: 102 in
fording depth without kit: 48 in
Armament- Main gun: Rheinmetall 120mm L55 smoothbore gun
stowage of main ammunition: 38 rounds
coaxial weapon: 7.62 mm M3 machine gun
Commander’s weapon: M2, 0.50 calibre
smoke grenade launcher: M239
Engine: Air-cooled diesel engine 759 hp
Fuel: 378 gallons

The Kraker IIUE Main Battle Tank

The Kraker Main Battle Tank project began in July 2002 as a private venture by Rocford Military Industries as an upgrade to the Leopard 2A6, then in service with Antigran Forces. The upgrade involved removing the Rhienmetall 120mm Smoothbore Gun and replacing it with the Antigran C.94 130mm/53 caliber Rifled Gun, which has superior range and armor penetration. When Firing antigran 13cm ammunition, the shell has a 126mm better penetrating power than it's counterpart. Other Improvements included greater armor protection, an up rated engine and the replacement of the turret mounted 7.62mm MG3 with that of the 15.5mm BRG-15 machine gun.

In December of 2007, after having completed extensive upgrades to it's own main battle tanks, UEMS on it's own accord started applying those same upgrades to the Kraker. A new hull layout, a new engine, use of better materials-everything that went into bringing the Earth series tanks into their third version was now put to use in bringing the Kraker IIUE into existence. With it's eye for detail and perfection, UEMS would make the Kraker II along side the Earth III, one among a select few of the best tanks of the early twenty-first century. Each tank brought their own niches to the market, but both were pound-for-pound one of the best protected in the world.

Layout and FirePower

The combat weight of the Kraker II is 68,000 kg and its hull has spaced multi-layer armor. The running gear consists of seven dual rubber-tyred road wheels and four return rollers per side, with the idler wheel at the front and drive sprocket at the rear.
Torsion bar suspension is employed, with advanced friction dampers provided. The Diehl 570F tracks, with rubber-bashed end connectors, have removable rubber pads and use 82 links on each track. For use in icy ground, up to 18 rubber pads can be replaced by the same number of grousers, which are stored in the vehicle's bow when not in use. The first four sessions of the side skirts are heavily armored, and must be raised for rail transport. The remaining sessions are made of standard rubber and metal fabric and are hinged to swing upward if neccessary.

The driver's station is located at the front, offset to the right of the vehicle's center line. A large, pintle-mounted lift-and-swing type hatch is provided for the driver and opens to the right. There are two observation periscopes in the driver's hatch, plus one to the left of his section, for use when driving closed down. The central periscope (in the hatch) can be exchanged for a passive IR-sight for night operations. An escape hatch is provided under the driver's seat.

The turret, incorporating multi layer armor, is mounted in the center of the hull and is manned by the commander and gunner in the right half, with the loader in the left half. The commander and the loader each have a circular hatch, opening to the rear, and six periscopes provide all-round vision for the commander. Both hatches have ring mounts for the 15.5 mm BRG-15 air defense machine gun, though it is normally installed on the loader's hatch.

A new Rifled gun, the 130 millimeter C.94 Gun, has been developed by Rocford Military Industries of Antigr to replace the Rhienmetall 120mm Smoothbore Gun on the Leopard 2. The 130mm C.94 main gun is fully stabilized in both azimuth and elevation, and the WNA-H22 electro-hidraulic gun control system is fitted. The gun fires a variety of ammunition, all being developed by Rocford Military Industries. 27 rounds of 130 mm ammunition are stored in a special magazine in the forward section of the hull, to the left of the driver's station - additional 15 (making a total of 42) are stored in the left side of the turret bustle, and separated from the fighting compartment by an electrically operated door. Should the ammunition in the bustle be hit, blow-off panels in the turret roof would direct any explosion upwards. A co-axial 7.62mm MG 3 is mounted to the left of the main gun and 4,750 rounds of machine gun ammunition are carried.

The 130 millimeter gun barrel has a length of 530 cm and weighs 1,190 kg. The whole gun weighs 3,780 kg. An important characteristic of the new C.94 gun is its compatibility with the Kraker's weapons system, meaning that it can be integrated without substantial alterations. The external geometry of the gun was designed to minimize the phenomenon of static sagging, as well as to achieve optimum constant curvature. With respect to both of these factors, the form of the barrel selected for the C.94 plays a critical role. This was a prerequisite for the system's high first-shot hit probability.

Especially when using the new antigran round, the C.94 enables approximately an 30 percent increase in performance compared with conventional systems. For example, when fired from the longer barrel, the antigran KE round attains a muzzle velocity in excess of 1,750 m/s. The C.94 rifled gun, equipped with a thermal sleeve, a fume extractor and a muzzle reference system, is compatible with current 130mm ammunition and new high penetration ammunition. The antigran round has a 126mm better penetration power then those of the 125mm or 120mm rounds.

Protection

The KrakerII is protected by third generation composite armor and steel encased depleted uranium armour, with the additional reinforcement to the turret frontal and lateral armor with externally mounted add-on armor modules. In the event of weapon penetration through the armor, a spall liner reduces the number of fragments and narrows the fragment cone. The spall liner also provides noise and thermal insulation. The reinforcement provides protection against multiple strike, kinetic energy rounds and shaped charges.

Against Kinetic Energy the Turret Front has 1,390-1,420mm worth of RHA and 2,390-2,770mm worth of RHA against Chemical Energy. Against Kinetic Energy the Glacis has 915mm Worth of RHA and 1,005-1,275mm worth of RHA against Chemical Energy. The Lower Front Hull is protected by 800mm/820mm of RHAe against Kinetic/Chemical Energy.

Sensors

The commander's station has an independent periscope, a PERI-R 17 A2. The PERI-R 17 A2 is a stabilized panoramic periscope sight for day/night observation and target identification, and it provides an all round view with a traverse of 360 degrees. The thermal image from the commander's periscope is displayed on a monitor. The PERI-R17 A2 can also be used for weapon firing as it is slaved into the tank's fire control system. The image from the gunner's thermal sight can also be transmitted to the commander's PERI-R17 periscope so the commander can switch the gunner's video image to the commander's monitor. This enables the commander and the gunner to have access to the same field of view of the combat range.

The gunner's station is equipped with an Rheinmetall Defence Electronics EMES 15 dual magnification stabilized primary sight. The primary sight has an integrated laser rangefinder and a Zeiss Optronik thermal sight, model WBG-X, which are both linked to the tank's fire control computer. The thermal sight uses standard Army common modules, with 120 element cadmium mercury telluride, CdHgTe (also known as CMT) infra-red detector array operating in the 8 to 14 micron waveband. The infra-red detector unit is cooled with a Stirling closed-cycle engine.

The sight is fitted with a CE628 laser rangefinder from Zeiss Optronik. The laser is a Neodinium Yttrium Aluminum Garnet, (Nd:YAG) solid state laser. The rangefinder can provide up to three range values in four seconds. The range data is transmitted to the fire control computer and is used to calculate the firing algorithms. Also, because the laser rangefinder is integrated into the gunner's primary sight, the gunner can read the digital range measurement directly. The maximum range of the laser rangefinder is less than 10,000m with accuracy to within 20m.

The command and fire control procedure known as first echo selection is used for laser range finding for anti-helicopter operations. The principal weapon uses electronic firing to reduce reaction times.

The Kraker is equipped with a land navigation system. The hybrid navigation system consists of a Global Positioning System (GPS) and an inertial navigation system.

Support Systems

Four 9 kg Halon fire extinguisher bottles are installed on the right behind the driver's station. The bottles are connected to pipes and hoses and are activated automatically by the fire detection system, when temperatures rise above 180 degrees F inside the fighting compartment, or manually via a control panel in the driver's compartment. An extra 2.5 kg Halon fire extinguisher (HAL 2.5) is stored on the floor beneath the main gun. The Kraker has a self-contained NBC protection system, which produces up to 4 mbar (0.004 kp/cm²) over pressure inside the vehicle.

A program has been put in place to replace the H-WNA improved hydraulic system with E-WNA which is an electrical weapon follow-up system. The replacement with the E-WNA provides the following advantages: 1) the turret has no pressurized hydraulic fluid, 2) lower noise level and lower power consumption and heat generation, 3) improved reliability and lower maintenance and service requirements, 4) saving in operating costs and 5) good long term storage properties.

The crew compartment is equipped with a fire and explosion detection and suppression system. A fireproof bulkhead separates the fighting compartment from the engine compartment at the rear of the vehicle.

Propulsion

The engine compartment is at the rear, separated from the fighting compartment by a fireproof bulkhead. The MTU MB 883 Ka-501 liquid-cooled 47.6 liter V-12 cylinder 4-stroke exhaust turbo-charged diesel engine develops 1,325 kW (1800 hp) at 3,000 rpm. It is started by eight 12-volt/125 Ab batteries and has a 24-volt electrical system. The Kraker's maximum road speed is 72 km/h, though it is limited to 50km/h during peacetime, and top reverse is 28 km/h.
Fuel consumption is estimated at around 300 liters per 100 km on roads and 500 liters per 100 km across country. The four fuel tanks have a total capacity of approximately 1,180 liters, giving a maximum road range of about 500 km. The Renk HSWL 354 hydro-kinetic planetary gearbox with integral service brake is coupled to the engine, forming a compact power pack which can be exchanged within 15 minutes. Four forward and two reverse gears are available through a torque converter, enabling the Kraker to turn on the spot if required. The transmission automatically changes gear within the range pre-selected by the driver. The cooling air outlet grille is very prominent across the upper section of the rear plate, and was reinforced after Combat trails. Exhaust grilles with vertical bars are located to the left and right of the de-airation vents. A fault detection system detects any technical malfunctions. The engine/transmission powerpack of the Kraker weighs 6120 kg.

SPECIFICATIONS
Crew: 4
Weight: 68 metric tons (68,000kg)
Length: 7.7 meters (25.3 feet)[Hull]; 9.97 meters (32.7 feet) [Gun Forward]
Width: 3.74 meters (12.3 feet)
Height: 3.0 meters (9.8 feet)
Armament: 1 x Antigran C.94 130 mm Rifled gun (42 rounds), 1 x coaxial 7.62 mm machine gun (4,750 rounds) and 1 x 15.5 mm anti-aircraft machine gun (500 rounds)
Maximum speed: 72 km/hr (44.7 mph)
Maximum range: 500 km (310 miles)
Powerplant: MTU MB 883 multi-fuel, 1800 hp
Power to weight ratio: 26.4 hp/ton
Transmission: Renk HSWL 354
Gunner's sight: Rheinmetall Defence Electronics EMES 15 with thermal channel and laser rangefinder
Commander's sight: Rheinmetall Defence Electronics PERI-R17A2 with thermal channel

Earth II/III Main Battle Tank (http://www.cncgeneralsworld.com/gallery/american_basic_tank.jpg)




The Origins of the Earth II MBT:

The requirement of the first Earth Main Battle Tank was issued to the Industries of United Earthlings in November of 2005. The main priority was to be a Main Battle Tank capable of engaging other Main Battle Tanks outside of their combat effective range with Anti-tank Guided Missiles. As such only a light Main Gun was needed. The gun chosen was to be a 75mm. However, the Earth Mark I MBT never enter full scale production. Though, the Earth Mark I never saw service in the Armed Forces of United Earthlings- the research and development led directly to the Tank United Earthlings had been wanting. Enter the Earth Mark II

Like the Mark I, the main priority was given to the use of Anti-Tank Guided Missiles. After reviewing designs from all over the known world- it was shown that a main gun could fire ATGM. The following gun chosen was decided to be a 125mm Main Gun. The Mark II combines the best of Protection, mobility, and firepower. It is more then for a match for any current Main Battle Tank in service with other nations.

Earth II MBT Technical Data:

The Earth II accommodates a crew of three, the commander, driver and gunner. The commander and gunner are seated on the right hand side and the driver is seated at the center front of the tank.

Weapons

The main armament is the 125 mm E/55 smoothbore gun, developed by United Earthlings Military Systems. The system manager for the 125 mm ammunition is United Earthlings Military Systems (UEMS). The 125 mm gun can fire a wide variety of ammunition from all types of Armor-Piercing, Fin-Stabilized, Discarding Sabot-Tracer (APFSDS-T) with or without Depleted Uranium penetrators, HEAT (High Explosive Anti-Tank) as well as HE-FRAG (High Explosive Fragmentation) better known as the E1028 Canister. Depleted uranium has density two and a half times greater than steel and provides high penetration characteristics. The main gun is also capable of firing a version of the HellfireIIUE Anti-tank Guided Missile. The ammunition is loaded by an automatic loader.

The commander has a 12.7 millimeter (0.50 inch) caliber Browning M2 machine gun on a powered rotary platform and equipped with a x3 magnification sight. The elevation is from -10 to +65 degrees and the traverse is 360 degrees.
Starting with the Earth II/III this powered platform and sight gave way to a larger commander's cupola and a manually operated machine gun mount. So, from the Earth II onwards, the commander has to open the hatch and use the machine guns iron sights to engage targets. This was done because the room formerly taken up by the sight, the platform power assembly and the controls is now taken up by the CID and the thermal viewer.
A 7.62 mm M240 machine gun is also mounted co axially on the right hand side of the main armament.

Countermeasures

On both sides of the turret the tank is fitted with six-barreled smoke grenade dischargers, model L8A1, designation M250. A smoke screen can also be laid by an engine operated system.

Earth II Layout

(Commander)- The commander is responsible to the platoon leader and signed equipment, the reporting of logistical needs, and the tactical employment of his tank. He briefs his crew, directs the movement of the tank, submits all reports, and supervises initial first-aid treatment and evacuation of wounded crewmen. He is an expert in using the tank's weapon systems, requesting indirect fires, and executing land navigation.

The commander must know and understand the company mission and company commander's intent. He must be prepared to assume the duties and responsibilities of the platoon leader or PSG in accordance with the succession of command. These requirements demand that the commander maintain situational awareness by using all available optics for observation, by eavesdropping on radio transmissions, and by monitoring the inter vehicular information system (IVIS) or applique digital screen (if available).

The commander is seated on the right hand side of the turret. The commander's station is equipped with six periscopes which provide all round 360 degree view.

The Independent Thermal Viewer from Texas Instruments provides the commander with independent stabilized day and night vision with a 360 degree view, automatic sector scanning, automatic target cuing of the gunner's sight with no need for verbal communication, and back-up fire control.

The system consists of a gyrostabilizer head housing the sensors, a hand control grip with a panel for selecting parameter settings, an electronics unit and a remote cathode ray tube display. The range of the viewer is -12 to +20 degrees in elevation and 360 degrees in azimuth. The magnification is x2.6 at 3.4 degrees narrow field of view and x7.7 at 10.4 degrees wide field of view.

Gunner- The gunner searches for targets and aims and fires both the main gun and the coaxial machine gun. He is responsible to the commander for the maintenance of the tank's armament and fire control equipment. The gunner serves as the assistant commander and assumes the responsibilities of the commander as required. He also assists other crew members as needed. Several of his duties involve the tank's communications and internal control systems: logging onto and monitoring communications nets; maintaining digital links if the tank is equipped with the IVIS or applique digital system; inputting graphic control measures on digital overlays; and monitoring digital displays during the planning and preparation phases of an operation.

The gunner is seated on the right hand side of the turret . The Gunner's Primary Sight-Line of Sight, G.P.S.-LOS, has been developed by the Electro-Optical Systems Division of Hughes Aircraft Company. The Earth II/III tanks have a G.P.S.-LOS with a single axis stabilized head mirror. The system has daylight optics with x10 magnification narrow field of view and x3 magnification wide field of view, and unity magnification close-in surveillance with 18 degrees field of view. The night vision Thermal Imaging System, TIS, from Hughes has magnification x10 narrow field of view and x3 magnification wide field of view. The Thermal Imaging System creates an image based on the differences of heat radiated by objects within the field of view. The thermal image is displayed in the eyepiece of the gunner's sight together with the range measurement from a Hughes laser range finder. The Earth II/III tank has a two-axis G.P.S.-LOS which significantly increases the first round hit probability by providing faster target acquisition and improved gun pointing. The azimuth inertial stabilization allows target detection, recognition and acquisition at longer ranges than the single axis system. The Line of Sight excursion range is -16 to +22 degrees in elevation and + or - 5 degrees in azimuth. The stabilization accuracy is less than 100 microrads, and the bore sight retention is less than 100 microrads.

The Hughes Laser Rangefinder for the Earth II/III consists of a Neodinium Yttrium Aluminum Garnet, (Nd:YAG) solid state laser transmitter, a receiver and timing and logic electronics integrated into the tank's fire control system. The operator aims the rangefinder on the target and fires the laser. The laser beam is reflected back from the target into the receiver and the time of travel to and from the target provides an accurate range measurement for the fire control computer. The wavelength of the Nd:YAG laser is 1.06 microns which can be damaging to the eye. A new rangefinder, the Eyesafe Laser Rangefinder has been developed by Hughes for the Earth II/III tank which incorporates a Raman resonator which shifts the wavelength from 1.06 to 1.54 microns which is not damaging to the eye. The Hughes laser rangefinder has a firing rate of 1 shot per second and provides range accuracy to within 10 meters and target discrimination of 20 meters with a maximum range of less than 10,000 meters.

The gunner has a Kollmorgen Model 939 auxiliary sight with magnification x8 and field of view 8 degrees.

The fire control computer is supplied by Computing Devices Canada of Ontario. The digital fire control computer consists of an electronics unit and a data entry and test panel. The range data from the laser range finder is transferred to the fire control computer. The fire control computer automatically takes data to calculate the fire control solution. The data includes 1.) the lead angle measurement, 2.) the bend of the gun measured by the muzzle reference system of the main armament, 3.) wind velocity measurement from a wind sensor on the roof of the turret and iv) the data from a pendulum static cant sensor located at the center of the turret roof. The operator manually inputs the data on the ammunition type and temperature, and the barometric pressure.

(Driver)- The driver moves, positions, and stops the tank. While driving, he constantly searches for covered routes and for covered positions to which he can move if the tank is engaged. He maintains his tank's position in formation and watches for visual signals. If the tank is equipped with a steer-to indicator, the driver monitors the device and selects the best tactical route. During engagements, he assists the gunner and commander by scanning for targets and sensing fired rounds. The driver is responsible to the commander for the automotive maintenance and refueling of the tank. He assists other crewmen as needed.

The driver's station at the center front of the vehicle is equipped with a monitoring panel showing the condition of vehicle fluid levels, batteries and electrical equipment. The driver has either three observation periscopes or two periscopes on either side and a central image intensifying periscope for night vision. The periscopes provide 120 degrees field of view.

The driver's night vision equipment enables the tank to maneuver at normal daytime driving speeds in darkness and in poor visibility conditions such as in dust, smoke and in battlefield obscurants. The Driver's Vision Enhancer, AN/VSS-5, developed for the UE Army Communications and Electronics Command by Texas Instruments, is based on a 328 x 245 element uncooled detector array, working in the 7.5 to 13 micron waveband. The AN/VSS-5 provides a 30 degree elevation and 40 degree azimuth field of view. The field of regard is given as -50 to +20 degrees in elevation, and + or - 190 degrees in azimuth.

A Driver's Thermal Viewer, AN/VAS-3, developed by the Electro-Optical Systems Division of the Hughes Aircraft Company, is installed on the Earth II/III. The AN/VAS-3 is based on a 60 element cadmium mercury telluride, CdHgTe, detector operating in the wavelength band 7.5 to 12 microns. The cooling is provided by a Split Stirling 0.25 watt engine. The field of view is 40 degrees azimuth x 20 degrees elevation, and the field of regard is given as 100 degrees in azimuth and 40 degrees in elevation.

Protection The Earth II/III is protected by third generation composite armor and third generation steel encased depleted uranium armor, with the additional reinforcement to the turret frontal and lateral armor with externally mounted add-on armor modules. In the event of weapon penetration through the armor, a spall liner reduces the number of fragments and narrows the fragment cone. The spall liner also provides noise and thermal insulation. The reinforcement provides protection against multiple strike, kinetic energy rounds and shaped charges. Both the turret and glacis are protected by a combination of the composite armor and steel encased DU armor with the lower front hull protected with the composite armor.

Against Kinetic Energy the Turret Front has 1,390-1,420mm worth of RHA and 2,390-2,770mm worth of RHA against Chemical Energy. Against Kinetic Energy the Glacis has 915mm Worth of RHA and 1,005-1,275mm worth of RHA against Chemical Energy. The Lower Front Hull has 930mm worth of RHA against Kinetic Energy and 1,125mm Worth of RHA against Chemical Energy.

Propulsion The engine compartment is at the rear, separated from the fighting compartment by a fireproof bulkhead. The MTU MB 873 Ka-501 liquid-cooled 47.6 liter V-12 cylinder 4-stroke exhaust turbo-charged diesel engine develops 1,210 kW (1,650 hp) at 2,600 rpm. It is started by eight 12-volt/125 Ab batteries and has a 24-volt electrical system. The Earth 2 maximum road speed is 70 km/h, though it is limited to 50km/h during peacetime, and top reverse is 31 km/h.
Fuel consumption is estimated at around 300 liters per 100 km on roads and 500 liters per 100 km across country. The four fuel tanks have a total capacity of approximately 1,160 liters, giving a maximum road range of around 350 km. The Renk HSWL 354 hydro-kinetic planetary gearbox with integral service brake is coupled to the engine, forming a compact power pack which can be exchanged within 15 minutes. Four forward and two reverse gears are available through a torque converter, enabling the Earth 2 to turn on the spot if required. The transmission automatically changes gear within the range pre-selected by the driver. The cooling air outlet grille is very prominent across the upper section of the rear plate, and was reinforced after the 7th vehicle built. Exhaust grilles with vertical bars are located to the left and right of the air vents. A fault detection system detects any technical malfunctions. The engine/transmission Powerpack of the Earth 2 weighs 6120 kg.

Four 9 kg Halon fire extinguisher bottles are installed on the right behind the driver's station. The bottles are connected to pipes and hoses and are activated automatically by the fire detection system, when temperatures rise above 180° F inside the fighting compartment, or manually via a control panel in the driver's compartment. An extra 2.5 kg Halon fire extinguisher (HAL 2.5) is stored on the floor beneath the main gun. The Earth 2 has a self-contained NBC protection system, which produces up to 4 mbar (0.004 kp/cm²) over pressure inside the vehicle.

The Earth 2/3 is able to ford water obstacles 1.20 m deep (wading) without any preparation, and to ford at a depth of 2.25 m (deep wading) with special preparation. About 15 minutes preparation is required to get the tank ready for crossing water obstacles at a depth of 4 m (underwater driving), including the fitting of a special three-piece snorkel to the commander's cupola.

Specifications
Crew: 3
Weight: 65 metric tons
Length: 9.97 m (Gun Forward)
Width: 3.74 m
Height: 3 m
Armament: 1 x UEMS 125 mm E55 smoothbore gun (42 rounds [automatic loader]), 1 x coaxial 7.62 mm machine gun (4,750 rounds) and 1 x 12.7 mm anti-aircraft machine gun (1,000 rounds)
Maximum speed: 70 km/hr (43 mph)
Maximum range: 340 km (211 miles)
Powerplant: MTU MB 873 multi-fuel, 1650 hp at 2600 RPM
Power to weight ratio: 25.4 hp/ton

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Earth III
Even though when the Earth II first came off the assembly lines and into service, it was without a doubt one of the best all around tanks ever to be built by UEMS and not only matched other Main Battle Tanks, but surpassed them in every way. Still, after a few years of service a few glaring flaws began to emerge. Not long after these flaws become apparent was it decided then that a program to upgraded and improve the Earth II would begin. Within a few months a new prototype had began testing which would result in the outcome of the Earth III. Eventually, the new tank would be given the designation of E3 [Earth III] with the third symbol denoting both an capital I for improvement and the Roman Numeral 1 as this new tank was both an improvement of the Earth II and the third Earth series tank.

In the years the Earth II had been in service, new technology had been developed and it was that very technology that would correct the one flaw many saw the Earth II had, it's limited range of under 300 miles. This flaw would be corrected two-fold. First, a lighter, smaller more powerful version of the MTU MT 883 Powerpack would be installed to replace the MTU MB 873 and with the opening up of space and weight, a larger fuel tank would be installed. With this new engine, Horsepower was increased from 1650 to 1800 and RPMs from 2600 to 3000. Fuel capacity would increase to 1200 liters thereby finally giving the Earth II a range of over 300 miles (500 km). With the increase in HP and drop in weight from the lighter engine, the Earth II not only gained a improved maximum speed both on-road and cross-country, but a power-to weight ratio second to none. The Earth II had finally fulfilled it's full potential it's designers had always dreamed of, except this time as the Earth III.

Specifications for EarthIII
Crew: 3
Weight: 65 metric tons (65,000 kilograms)
Length: 9.97 meters (32.7 feet)[Gun Forward]
Width: 3.74 meters (12.3 feet)
Height: 3 meters (9.8 feet)
Armament: 1 x UEMS 125 mm E55 smoothbore gun (42 rounds [automatic loader]), 1 x coaxial 7.62 mm machine gun (4,750 rounds) and 1 x 12.7 mm anti-aircraft machine gun (1,000 rounds)
Maximum speed: 74 km/hr (46 mph)
Maximum range: 600 km (372 miles)
Powerplant: MTU MB 883 (1325 kW [1800 hp)] at 3000 RPM
Power to weight ratio: 27.7 hp/ton[/QUOTE]



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CL-32 Buitre Air Superiority Fighter

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