NationStates Jolt Archive

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil

Government Information
Government: Republic
President: Getúlio Vargas (Liberal Alliance)
Next Elections: 1930

Economy
Population: 30,000,000
Tech Level: 5
-Reach Next Tech Level in: 1936
Industries: 30
-Manaus: 10
-São Paulo: 8
-Rio de Janeiro: 5
-Minas Gerais: 3
-Porto Alegre: 2
-Recife: 2
-Industrial Potential: 30
Shipping: 120 Units (Maximum Potential Reached)
Ocean Liners: 10 (Maximum Potential Reached)
Tankers: 35 (Can Import Up to 7 Oil a Year)
Natural Resources: 0 (10 Resources Industrialized)
Energy Production: 0
Food Production: 75 (Feeds 75 Million People)
Military: Conscription
-Current Active: 452,000 (Army: 405,000, Navy: 39,000)
-Potential Active: 900,000
-Current Reserve: 225,000
-Potential Reserve: 2,100,000

Army
Regulars:
1 Supply Unit (Porto Alegre) .5
2 Infantry Corps (São Paulo, Manaus) 2
1 Garrison Unit (Contestado Region) .25
2 Police Units (Contestado Region) .5
3 Coastal Defense Divisions w/ Forts (Recife, Rio de Janeiro, Salvador) 1.5
9 Light Infantry Divisions 2.25
-Rio Branco: 2
-Manaus: 2
-Porto Alegre: 2
-Recife: 1
-Sao Paulo: 1
-Rio de Janeiro: 1
Reserves:
5 Infantry Corps 2.5
Annual Upkeep: 12

Navy
2 Naval Yards (São Paulo, Recife)
1 Naval Base at Rio de Janeiro
4 Battleships 1.5
-Amazonas (1917, Tech 5 American Improved Battlecruiser)
-São Paulo (1917, Tech 5 American Battlecruiser)
-República (1917, Tech 5 American Battlecruiser)
-Fonseca (1913, Tech 5 American Battlecruiser)
5 Cruisers .5
-Rio de Janeiro (1916, Tech 5 American Heavy Cruiser)
-Bahia (1916, Tech 5 American Heavy Cruiser)
-Paraná (1916, Tech 5 American Heavy Cruiser)
-Bahia (1910, Tech 5 American Light Cruiser)
-Rio Grande do Sul (1910, Tech 5 American Light Cruiser)
7 Flotillas: .7
1 Escort Flotilla (Tech Level 5, 20 American Ships)
2 Destroyer Flotillas (Tech Level 5, 40 American Ships)
2 Minesweeper Flotillas (Tech Level 5, 40 American Ships)
2 River Gunboat Flotillas (Tech Level 5, 20 American Ships)
Annual Upkeep: 4.7

Foreign Relations
Allies:
USA - Treaty of Friendship
Portugal - Portuguese Commonwealth
Chile - Brazilian-Chilean Alliance

Friendly/Neutral:
Spain - Treaty of Friendship (1911-1920)
Peru - Non-Aggression Pact
Uruguay - Guaranteed Independence
Paraguay - Guaranteed Independence
Bolivia - Guaranteed Independence

Hostile/Neutral:
Argentina - Non-Aggression Pact

War:
None

Important Trade Partners:
USA (Technological Imports)
Britain (Coffee Exports)
France (Food Exports)

Member of the American Trade League

In the interests of fostering solidarity and cooperation between the states of South America, the Argentine Republic proposes a non-aggression pact between the Republic and the Brazilian nation. The Argentine Government recognizes that there exists certain animosities between our two nations, and is willing to assauge Brazilian concerns. As a part of the proposed non-aggression pact, it is suggested that both Argentina and Brazil recognize as permanent the borders of Paraguay, as they stand in 1906.

It is the hope of the Argentine government that Brazil and Argentina will be able to move beyond past territorial squabbles, and no more shed unnecessary blood over bits of land.

President Alves agrees to such a treaty in hopes that the long-standing rivalry between Sao Paul/Rio de Janeiro and Buenos Aires can be soothed without bloodshed.

Sun Yat-Sen asks the Brazilian government for permission to enter the country and speak to the Overseas Chinese community and non-Chinese sympathizers in Rio de Janiero and Sao Paulo.

Brazil will allow Sun Yat-Sen's tours but notes that he should not expect large Chinese communities comparable to California or Europe. He also should not expect very many Brazilians to (or even be able to) donate to a country on the other side of the world.

OOC: Remember, Brazil may be a big player in South America, but it's still a backwoods farming community at this point.

Brazil will allow Sun Yat-Sen's tours but notes that he should not expect large Chinese communities comparable to California or Europe. He also should not expect very many Brazilians to (or even be able to) donate to a country on the other side of the world.

OOC: Remember, Brazil may be a big player in South America, but it's still a backwoods farming community at this point.

OOC: Hope this works, if not, it can be changed or deleted.

IC:


IC:

When Sun gets to Brazil after his Europe and North America trips with a small security detail, he moves to speak in Rio de Janiero and Sao Paulo to the Chinese there and potential sympathizers (or equivalent thereof in 1906, should I be wrong), To his Chinese audience, he emphasizes the need for a strong China, democratically governed with the People's Welfare in mind. To his non-Chinese audience, he speaks of a strong, democratic China, though he modifies the more controversial parts of his message out. He also quietly approaches the local Chinese about forming a branch of the Tongmenhui, though he knows there will not be much support here.

In November, former Vice-President Afonso Augusto Moreira Pena was elected President of Brazil.

Earlier in his career, Pena was a lawyer, jurist, and served in the Brazilian Supreme Court. He was elected to Congress in 1874 and served in numerous government positions during the 1880's. He became governor of Minas Gerais in 1892 and Vice-President of Brazil in 1902. He is a member of the Mineiro Republican Party and his Vice-President is Nilo Peçanha.

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1907 Cut Spending at Tech Level 4
Population: 20,860,000

Domestic Production: 19
Industrial Output: 2 (1 Production Center)
Natural Resources: 6 (Manus)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 55
-Export Profits: 11 Points

Domestic Spending: 8
Level 2 Social Spending: 4
Imported Energy: 1
Army Upkeep: 2.3
Navy Upkeep: .4
Coffee Industry Intervention: .3 (No IC effect, just historical)

Production: 9
3 Shipping Units: 9

Foreign Affairs: 2
Payment to the US: 2 (new equipment and officer training)

Growth for Next Year: 1.26

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1908 Cut Spending at Tech Level 4
Population: 21,303,000

Domestic Production: 21
Industrial Output: 4 (2 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 5 (Manus)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 45
-Traded: 10 (for 1 Coal and 1 Oil)
-Export Profits: 9 Points
Shipping: 3 (3 Units)

Domestic Spending: 6.7
Level 2 Social Spending: 4
Imported Energy: 0
Army Upkeep: 2.3
Navy Upkeep: .4

Production: 13
4 Shipping Units: 12
Upgrading 2 Reserve Militias to a Reserve Infantries: 2

Foreign Affairs: 0

Energy Reserves: 1.52
Coal: .65
Oil: .87

Growth for Next Year: 1.76

Pacific Trade Deal - 1906/07

Aim: To promote extra avenues of trade and prosperty across the Pacific.

Formation Partners:
- The Dominion of Australia
- The Republic of Brazil
- The Russian Empire
- The United States of America

Terms:
- Australia will provide 5 units of food to Russia in exchange for one oil. (requirement met: food for russia/oil for Australia)
- Australia will provide 5 units of food to the US for one unit of coal. (requirement met: coal for Australia)
- Brazil will provide 5 units of food to Russia in exchange for one oil. (requirement met: food for Russia/oil for Brazil)
- Brazil will provide 5 units of food to the US for one unit of coal. (requirement met: coal for Brazil)

Vice-President Nilo Pecanha, a few prominent landowners, and some translators are sent to the delegation. The trade pact is approved, although some land owners accuse Pecanha of favoring the industralists.

1907:

Various nations (those with embassies, pretty much anyone) get word of increasing dissatisifaction against the government in Bolivia. This is largely from the indiginous peoples there, who work under deplorable conditions in the nation's various mineral mines. They lack education, medical care, economic opportunity, or political participation and live on large feudal style estates ruled over by a limited number of land owners. Though they lack political power there are some groups which appear to be gaining status. Having absconded from the estates they live in Bolivia's highlands and rainforests, particularly in the West. They appear to have assistance from some exterior provider who gives them food, currency and even limited numbers of weapons. This exterior source is known to provide these items more readily if a group is anti-Argentinian, a fairly large faction as many of Bolivia's resources go to Argentina and many would prefer them to be spent on Bolivia's social provision.

This group is no threat to the government yet, they view them merely as escaped Indians not worth the bother of recapturing and expect them to die off soon without access to civilisation. The few who are recaptured by local landowners are usually killed in a painful and slow way as a punishment.

Brazilian Marines (a Light Infantry Brigade) are ordered to move inland to Campo Grande. No official reason is given but many speculate that the government is afraid that Brazilian natives could be inspired by the Bolivian dissidents.

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1909 Cut Spending at Tech Level 4
Population: 21,754,000

Domestic Production: 28
Industrial Output: 6 (3 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 4 (Manus)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 55
-Export Profits: 11 Points
Shipping: 7 (7 Units)

Domestic Spending: 9
Level 2 Social Spending: 4
Imported Energy: 2 (1 Coal, 1 Oil)
Army Upkeep: 2.6
Navy Upkeep: .4

Production: 13
3 Shipping Units: 9
Upgrading 4 Reserve Militia to Reserve Infantry Corps: 4

Foreign Affairs: 6
Tech 5 Battle Cruiser: 4 (1 of 3 Years, Made in the USA)
2 Tech 5 Light Cruisers: 2 (1 of 2, Made in the USA)

Energy Reserves: 2.72
Coal: 1.28
Oil: 1.44

Growth for Next Year: 2.16

The Third Republic contacts the Brazilian government with a request to purchase a significant amount of agricultural products to offset a recent decline in the food production in several of France's overseas territories.

OOC: I'll buy 30 food points (3 production points worth) in 1909, and probably bump that up to 40 food points in 1910.

Koryan, shouldn't your population be rising?

I guess... it's only been like three years but I'll go try to find some info on it.

The Third Republic contacts the Brazilian government with a request to purchase a significant amount of agricultural products to offset a recent decline in the food production in several of France's overseas territories.

OOC: I'll buy 30 food points (3 production points worth) in 1909, and probably bump that up to 40 food points in 1910.

Although the government doesn't really have control over the land owners, there is plenty of surplus food to meet France's quotas. Our food industry really appreciates such a serious trading partner.

http://www.library.uu.nl/wesp/populstat/Americas/brazilc.htm

an excellent site, by 1909 your population is 21,754,000

Thanks man. I didn't expect my population to grow that fast.

Thanks man. I didn't expect my population to grow that fast.

you're still relatively underdeveloped, so theere's a big population increase

The United States informs Brazil that in 1910 Congress has authorized an aid package to your country totalling 9 points. These funds should be considered a gift from one member of an alliance to another and do not need to be repaid.

OOC: Big Brother looks out for little friends to the South. Let me know if you need more help.

The Brazilian Government thanks the American Congress for the donation and assures them that Brazil will be willing to do the same should the United States ever need it.

President Afonso Pena died in office on June 14th, 1909, just a few days after the passing of his son, Álvaro Pena.

Afonso Pena was the first Brazilian president to advocate intervening in the coffee economy. The federal government started to buy production surplus, thus maintaining the high price of coffee in international markets. Pena also promoted industrial expansion and allowed the reorganization of the Brazilian Military as well as a breakthrough alliance with the United States of America.

Former Rio de Janerio President, Nilo Peçanha, has been sworn in as acting President of Brazil. As his first action in office, Peçanha declared a day of mourning the following Sunday.

Japan send its condolences and hopes the new president can continue the past president's great legacy

The Land of the Rising Sun is thanked for it's concern. Perhaps more interaction between our distant nations can take place in the future.

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1910 Cut Spending at Tech Level 4
Population: 21,754,000

Domestic Production: 34
Industrial Output: 10 (5 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 2 (Manus)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 54
-Export Profits: 10.8 Points
Shipping: 10 (10 Units)
Level 2 Social Spending: 4.2
Army Upkeep: 3.2
Navy Upkeep: .4
Aid from US: 9

Production: 23
3 Coastal Defense Forts: 9
5 Light Infantry Divisions: 10
Upgrading 4 Reserve Militia to Reserve Infantry Corps: 4

Foreign Affairs: 11
Tech 5 Battle Cruiser: 4 (2 of 3 Years, Made in the USA)
2 Tech 5 Light Cruisers: 2 (2 of 2, Made in the USA)
2 Tech 5 River Gunboat Flotillas: 2
Imported Energy: 3 (2 Coal, 1 Oil)

Energy Reserves: 3.54
Coal: 1.76
Oil: 1.78

Growth for Next Year: 1.7

The Land of the Rising Sun is thanked for it's concern. Perhaps more interaction between our distant nations can take place in the future.

Japan would like to see this occur, perhaps Emperor Meiji could travel to Brazil to increase his worldliness and improve relations with a powerful nation in South America

Japan would like to see this occur, perhaps Emperor Meiji could travel to Brazil to increase his worldliness and improve relations with a powerful nation in South America

The Emperor and his cabinet are more than welcome to visit Brazil. Our leaders are interested in learning about events in the far east and the future of the Pacific.

The United States sends another, smaller aid package to Brazil in 1911 as it furthers its policy of maintaining close ties with important South American allies.

Total aid is 6 points.

Ironically, the American aid will be invested back into American shipyards for the construction of Brazil's first destroyer flotilla.

Reserved for Presidential Election

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1911 Cut Spending at Tech Level 4
Population: 22,000,000

Domestic Production: 22.6
Industrial Output: 12 (6 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 1 (Manus)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 53
-Export Profits: 10.6 Points
Shipping: 10 (10 Units)
Level 2 Social Spending: 4.4
Army Upkeep: 5.8
Navy Upkeep: .8

Production: 10
2 Mountain Divisions: 4
1 Light Infantry Division: 2
1 Supply Unit: 4

Foreign Affairs: 12.6
Tech 5 Battle Cruiser: 4 (Year 3 of 3, Made in the USA)
Tech 5 Battle Cruiser: 4 (Year 1 of 3, Made in the USA)
Tech 5 Destroyer Flotilla: 0 (Year 0 of 1, Made in the USA) Delayed
Imported Energy: 2 (1 Coal, 1 Oil)
Aid to Colombian Liberals: 2.6

Energy Reserves: 4.97
Coal: 2.3
Oil: 2.67

Growth for Next Year: 1.83

Chile wishes to smooth out relations with its neighbors. We are striving to right the wrongs of the previous administration. We would also like to work towards economic partnership and development in South America.

Brazil is happy to improve relations with Chile. We do not hold the current administration responsible for mistakes of the past and no Chilean actions have harmed Brazil. In fact, better relations between our two nations could be an important step towards a stronger South America.

We are glad to see that Brazil is willing to strengthen relations with Chile and we hope that Argentina will follow suit. We would like to propose a treaty of Freindship by which we agree to never engage in hostile activities against eachother. If Brazil would wish to create an alliance then we would be more than happy to sign.

A Brazilian-Chilean Alliance would be much appreciated. The Brazilian Foreign Minister proposes that it include both an economic and mutual defense pact as well as agreeing not to fund rebel organizations within each other's countries. The president will sign the treaty immediately if Chile agrees.

Peru wishes to better its relations with Brazil so we ask if Brazil is interested in signing a Non-Agression Pact. It would initially last 10 years, though of course it could be extended at such time if deemed fruitful by our governments.

A 10-year non-aggression pact with Peru is approved by the Brazilian Government. We look forward to a peaceful relationship between our countries.

Washington Talks Thread

http://forums2.jolt.co.uk/showthread.php?p=11797826#post11797826

A Brazilian-Chilean Alliance would be much appreciated. The Brazilian Foreign Minister proposes that it include both an economic and mutual defense pact as well as agreeing not to fund rebel organizations within each other's countries. The president will sign the treaty immediately if Chile agrees.

Chile would gladly sign an alliance with Brazil. We support your actions concerning the Argentine invasion of Bolivia and will go to war if it is necessary.

Chile is thanked for it's support. Brazil will not tolerate Argentine imperialism, with or without the support of the United States.

Summary of the 1911-1912 Brazilian-Argentine Conflict

February – Bolivia, worried about Argentine mobilization, asks for Brazilian protection which Brazil promises.

March – Argentina invades Bolivia and captures the southern part of the country

April – The Argentine Army stalls as winter snows hit. Bolivia requests Brazilian aid. Brazil sends an ultimatum to Argentina demanding withdrawal from Bolivia and demobilization. Argentina refuses and Brazilian mobilization begins. Brazilian ambassadors request U.S. assistance.

May – Washington withdraws all aid from Brazil and Argentina and demands talks. Brazil complies.

June – Argentine ambassadors arrive in Washington. Brazil requests an armistice which Argentina refuses. Peace talks stall and Brazil continues mobilization.

July – The Argentine Army, tired of sitting in attrition, turns on the Argentine Government beginning a civil war. They pull out of Bolivia and march on the capital.

August – Rebel forces defeat Loyalist forces and capture the capital. Brazil establishes diplomatic relations with the rebels and begins demobilization.

November - Rebel forces attack Bahia Blanca but are defeated and suffer severe casualties.

December - Loyalist forces counterattack and force the rebels back to Buenos Aires. Brazil formally recognizes the rebel government as the legitimate government of Argentina and breaks off contact with Loyalist forces. The Loyalist Navy blockades Buenos Aires.

January - The Loyalist Navy sinks 3 Brazilian Protected Cruisers escorted an aid package to the rebel government.

February - Brazil declares war on Loyalist forces and orders a mobilization. A coup in the military brings Rebel forces back under Loyalist control and ending the civil war. The Argentine Navy blockades southern Brazil.

April - The United States threatens to get involved if Brazil does not stand down. America pledges support for Argentina and recognizes the Argentine blockade of Brazil. Bolivia demands that Argentina pay reparations. Brazil sends aid to Bolivia to help rebuild the Bolivian Army. Portuguese merchants begin running the blockade and a few ships are arrested. The United States pays off Latin America, Venezuela, and Ecuador to condemn Brazil. The KMT condemns Brazil causing Brazil to withdraw all ambassadors.

May - A split in Brazilian leadership between the pro-war Federal Army and anti-war Navy and Oligarchs arises. The Oligarchs threaten the Brazilian Government and call the war pointless. Religious forces in the Contestado Region rebel and declare war on the "satanic" Brazilian Government. Brazil wins a victory against Argentine forces at Resistencia but fail to capture Buenas Aires and suffer huge casualties.

June - Brazil wins double victories against Argentina in Resistencia and Cordoba. The Argentine Navy sinks a Brazilian Battlecruiser and damage a Brazilian Light Cruiser while suffering a lost battlecruiser themselves. With naval superiority, the Argentine Navy mines the ports of Forteleza, Natal, Recife, Salvador and Rio de Janeiro. Bolivia and Paraguay invade Argentina. Argentina requests American and (secretly) German aid. Brazil offers Argentina the chance to surrender.

August, 1911

The Brazilian Foreign Minister, angry with Washington for letting South America fall into chaos, leaves North America and takes an unexpected trip to Madrid. Due to the long-standing tension between the Portuguese-speaking and Spanish-speaking nations, Brazil has decided to take a step towards better relations and perhaps even friendship with Spain. A 10-Year Treaty of Friendship is proposed by the Foreign Minister and signed by the Spanish government.

The main points are to:
-Strengthen political cooperation between Brazil and the Spanish Empire
-Encourage open and untaxed trade between the two nations
-Promote the exchange of scientific research and findings across the Atlantic

Spain agrees to the treaty.

February, 1912

Brazil goes to war after Argentine Loyalist forces sink 3 Brazilian Cruisers that were escorted an aid package. A full mobilization is ordered and the rebel government is informed of Brazil's intentions shortly before the first offensives are ordered.

April, 1912

After the KMT condemns Brazil for invading Argentina, all Brazilian ambassadors are withdrawn from the country.

Portuguese ships run the Argentine blockade. Brazilian newspapers report their heroic (and slightly exaggerated) adventures. The public's opinion of Portugal rises.

The United States threatens Brazil and pays off Latin America to support Argentina. Ecuador and Venezuela are also paid to support Argentina, which Brazil looks down upon even more.

Reserved for war report

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1912 National Effort at Tech Level 4
Population: 22,000,000

Domestic Production: 51
Industrial Output: 42 (7 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 0
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 53
-Export Profits: 10.6 Points
Shipping: 8 (10 Units, -2 Points for 4 Months under Blockade)
Level 2 Social Spending: 4.4
Army Upkeep: 4.6
Navy Upkeep: .6

Production: 27
2 Infantry Corps: 8
Repair Light Cruiser: 2
Paying Oligarchs for Lost Crops: 1
8 Reserve Infantry: 16

Foreign Affairs: 24
Aid to Colombian Liberals: 7
Tech 5 Destroyer Flotilla: 6 (Year 1 of 1, Made in the USA)
Tech 5 Battle Cruiser: 4 (Year 2 of 3, Made in the USA)
Tech 4.5 Armored Cruiser: 3 (Portuguese)
Imported Energy: 2 (1 Coal, 1 Oil)
Aid to Bolivia: 2

Energy Reserves: 4.31
Coal: 1.95
Oil: 2.63

Growth for Next Year: 1.34

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1913 Normal Spending under Depression at Tech Level 4
Population: 22,000,000

Domestic Production: 34.5
Industrial Output: 8 (8 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 2 (Temporary; Due to increased rubber price)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 53
-Export Profits: 17.6 Points (Temporary; Price increase due to Great War)
Shipping: 10 (10 Units)
Level 2 Social Spending: 4.4
Army Upkeep: 7.6
Navy Upkeep: 1.1
Aid from America: 10

Production: 21
4 Ocean Liners: 12 (Year 1 of 2)
Converting 3 Garrisons to Infantry Corps: 6
1 Shipping Unit: 3

Foreign Affairs: 13.5
Tech 5 Battle Cruiser: 4 (Year 3 of 3, Made in the USA)
Imported Energy: 2 (1 Coal, 1 Oil)
Aid to Bolivia: 4
Aid to Colombian Liberals: 3.5

Energy Reserves: 5.35
Coal: 1.95
Oil: 3.4

Growth for Next Year: .34 (No Growth This Year)

Note: Disbanding 1 Reserve Infantry Corps

Brazil suffers a depression as a result of the Rio Plata War.

Production centers are only worth 1 point (regular spending), .5 (cut spending) or 2 points (National effort)

National effort only available if Brazil converts 2 infantry corps into 4 police units

NO growth for Brazil this year

Length of Depression is unknown.

However, Brazil gets 2 Resources (demand for Rubber goes up), and its food production is worth 17.6 points on the export market.

By the way, why do you think you have coal or oil? Brazilian oil discoveries are later in the century, and so is its coal production

By the way, why do you think you have coal or oil? Brazilian oil discoveries are later in the century, and so is its coal production

Where'd you see energy production? I import all my energy.

Imported Energy: 3 (1 Coal, 2 Oil)

If you're talking about reserves, that's just the leftovers each year. My current reserves would only actually support my country one year without energy imports, which is why I was so concerned about breaking the blockade.

Edit: And by the way, what is the status of the Contestado War? Did it end when all the Brazilian soldiers returned to their positions or do I need to move units into the area?

And by the way, what is the status of the Contestado War? Did it end when all the Brazilian soldiers returned to their positions or do I need to move units into the area?

OOC: The Contestado War is still going strong, and given the economic depression that has come over Brazil (not to mention social alienation caused a costly and seemingly pointless war), probably growing in size and scope. In RL the Contestado War went on for four years, and there was not nearly as much fuel as there is now.

I’ll go over the details of the rebellion with GB.

Where'd you see energy production? I import all my energy.



If you're talking about reserves, that's just the leftovers each year. My current reserves would only actually support my country one year without energy imports, which is why I was so concerned about breaking the blockade.

Edit: And by the way, what is the status of the Contestado War? Did it end when all the Brazilian soldiers returned to their positions or do I need to move units into the area?

ok, for now though, no more then 1 years worth of energy needs can be in reserves.. I will add that into the economic thread.

Contestado War still underway as a low level insurgency, you need police units (you can convert a corps into 2 police divisions for free)

or you can try democratic reforms and see if that helps

January, 1913
President Fonseca, hoping not to repeat the same mistakes as his uncle, launched a new campaign to hopefully win back favor of his citizens and end feuding among the oligarchs. His new plan includes four points:

-Have a meeting between the Army and Naval officials over the military budget of the upcoming years. Most likely, the navy will be built up since the army has already been rebuilt. However, the army may gain more prestige (and therefore more funds) depending on their performance against rebel forces.
-One Infantry Corps will be converted into two Police Units specializing in anti-guerilla warfare and rebel suppression. A second Infantry Corps will be sent to assist in any major battles and provide reinforcements/assistance. As soon as retraining is complete, the units will be dispatched to the Contestado Region.
-Slight democratic reforms will be initiated. Voting rights will hopefully be extended from 6% of the population to 10% by the next election. This won't threaten the oligarch's power but, with enough advertising, will make the people think they have more freedom. (I know, that's a little harsh. But things like this take a little more time than people are willing to wait.)
-Starting in 1914, full financial assistance will be provided to businessmen and land owners who are suffering under the Depression. In the meantime, it is the responsibility of all eligible recipiants to register at the nearest courthouse so funds can be properly administered. Major businesses on the verge of collapse (which shouldn't be any just yet) will be provided aid this year to sustain the company.

OOC: I also already had a Light Infantry Division in the area that was scouting for rebel forces after the whole Bolivian insurgency ordeal. I didn't mean to leave them out there but I guess that comes in handy now.

In honor of those who died in the Rio Plata War, Congress has approved making August 25th a new holiday - Dia do Soldado. It honors all who have served in the Brazilian Armed Forces and is set on the birthday of the Duke of Caxias, who's career nearly mirrors the recent troubles of Brazil including:
Argentina-Brazil War (Compared to the Rio Plata War)
The War of Tatters (Compared to the Contestado War)
He also served in the War of the Triple Alliance as the Chief of Imperial forces.

Persian Influenza Strikes Brazil!
2,400,000 Civilians Infected
240,000 Civilians Dead
200,000 Soldiers Infected
30,000 Soldiers Dead
*Figures are for the entire epidemic.

In April, a foreign doctor confirmed Brazil's first known case of the Persian Influenza in Rio de Janeiro. By the end of the month, six more cases appear in the city and a seventh in São Paulo. The epidemic that begun in the Middle East has finally struck the Great Brazilian Republic.

In response, the President has ordered the establishment of quarantine zones and a reduction in the importation of non-essentials. A few oligarchs spoke out against the President's actions, claiming that he is trying to shift power towards the urban populations and industries. However, Positivists applaud the move towards a more modern Brazil and say that the country is finally catching up to the rest of the West.

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1914 Normal Spending under Depression at Tech Level 4
Population: 24,000,000

Domestic Production: 21.3
Industrial Output: 8 (8 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 3 (2 Rubber, 1 Cocoa, 7 Industrialized)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 51
-Export Profits: 10.2 Points
Shipping: 11 (11 Units)
Level 2 Social Spending: 4.8
Army Upkeep: 10
Navy Upkeep: 1.1
American Aid: 5

Production: 15
4 Ocean Liners: 12 (Year 2 of 2)
1 Shipping Unit: 3

Foreign Affairs: 1.3
Aid to Colombian Liberals: 1.3

Energy Reserves: 3.8
Coal: 1.8
Oil: 2

Growth for Next Year: .34 (No Growth This Year)

Note: Naval reconstruction delayed until next year because Brazil is poor.

The United States sends 10 points of Aid to Brazil in 1915, with the offer of increased amounts both this year and following years should relations improve between our two countries.

Washington quietly admits that it has been perhaps a little overbearing in South American affairs and now realizes that it would best to perhaps have one or two close friends in the region instead of attempting to please everybody and angering everyone instead. Basically a request to restart that treaty we had that fell by the way side after the Rio Plata War...

The Brazilian Government accepts the aid graciously and tells Washington that after the nation recovers from it's current set-back, it will begin a policy of helping it's underdeveloped neighbors to build a stronger South American community.

On a related subject, Brazil issues a statement of concern to the United States about British expansion in the Western Hemisphere. The careless Argentines gave up the Falkland Islands to the British Empire, allowing the Royal Navy to strike the Argentine, Uruguayan, and Brazilian capitals without warning. Now the empire also claims Antarctica, which would allow them to attack Chile and Peru. In the north, British Guiana allows British forces to attack Venezuela and Colombia. It is no secret that Britain is now in a position to threaten most of South America. Although the Roosevelt Corollary isn't popular in Latin America, it would be much better to be an American client than a British colony.

The United States, finding itself with a budget surplus, offers to contribute money to the cause of modernizing South America and Central America as well. (Actually, I have nearly 100 points in 1915 that I dont know how to use otherwise!)

Washington is not particularly pleased with the idea of British expansionism in the Americas, although it has been assured repeatedly by London that there are no intentions in this direction. In any case, further cooperation between North and South America can only lead to good things for both regions.

(Actually, I have nearly 100 points in 1915 that I dont know how to use otherwise!)

OOC: I can only dream of the day when I can type those same words. :D

IC:

November, 1914

Former Vice-President Venceslau Brás becomes the next President of Brazil, representing the Mineiro Party. He initiates widespread reforms and is quick to distance himself from the policies of his unpopular predecessor.

First to be reformed is the army, which the new president describes as “a huge, disorganized mass flung across the country” and states “the former president thought higher numbers meant a better army. I believe that better soldiers equal a better army and I challenge anyone to prove me wrong”. Four Reserve Infantry Corps, Two Mountain Infantry Divisions, and an Infantry Corp are disbanded. Skilled commanders and veteran soldiers are kept as a priority over new recruits and a new emphasis is put on individual quality during training. Meanwhile, the navy’s budget is increased greatly for a period of intense naval construction so Brazil can “catch up” to Chile and Argentina. Admirals who questioned the government in the Rio Plata War are all labeled dissidents and discharged.

To win the support of the people, new public universities are erected across the country and a social security system is introduced. President Brás holds discussions with both agricultural and industrial leaders to discuss government intervention on the economy and whether to follow Fonseca’s policy of Industrialization and Modernization or whether to leave the country as it is.

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1915 Cut Spending at Tech Level 4
Population: 24,000,000

Domestic Production: 37.9
Industrial Output: 16 (8 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 3 (2 Rubber, 1 Cocoa, 7 Industrialized)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 51
-Export Profits: 10.2 Points
Shipping: 12 (12 Units)
Ocean Liners: 2 (4 Units)
Level 3 Social Spending: 7.2
Army Upkeep: 7
Navy Upkeep: 1.1
American Aid: 10

Production: 37
1 Destroyer Flotilla: 6 (Year 1 of 1)
2 Minesweeper Flotillas: 4 (Year 1 of 1)
2 Escort Flotillas: 8 (Year 1 of 1)
3 Heavy Cruisers: 6 (Year 1 of 2)
2 Battlecruisers: 8 (Year 1 of 3)
1 Improved Battlecruiser: 5 (Year 1 of 3)

Foreign Affairs: 1
Importing Energy: 1 (Actually .9)

Energy Reserves: 2.1
Coal: 1.1
Oil: 1

Growth for Next Year: 1.96

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1916 Cut Spending at Tech Level 4.5
Population: 24,000,000

Domestic Production: 27.2
Industrial Output: 18 (9 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 2 (2 Rubber, 8 Industrialized)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 51
-Export Profits: 10.2 Points
Shipping: 12 (60 Units)
Ocean Liners: 1 (10 Units)
Level 3 Social Spending: 7.2
Army Upkeep: 7
Navy Upkeep: 1.8

Production: 19
3 Heavy Cruisers: 6 (Year 2 of 2)
2 Battlecruisers: 8 (Year 2 of 3)
1 Improved Battlecruiser: 5 (Year 2 of 3)
6 Shipping Units: 6

Foreign Affairs: 2.2
Importing Energy: 2
Aid to Colombia: .2

Energy Reserves: 2.5
Coal: 1.1
Oil: 1.4

Growth for Next Year: 2.32

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1917 Cut Spending at Tech Level 4.5
Population: 26,000,000

Domestic Production: 29.3
Industrial Output: 22 (11 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 0 (10 Industrialized)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 51
-Export Profits: 10 Points
Shipping: 13.2 (66 Units)
Ocean Liners: 1 (10 Units)
Level 3 Social Spending: 7.8
Army Upkeep: 7
Navy Upkeep: 2.1

Production: 27
2 Battlecruisers: 8 (Year 3 of 3)
1 Improved Battlecruiser: 5 (Year 3 of 3)
14 Shipping Units: 14
Assorted Bribes: .3

Foreign Affairs: 2
Importing Energy: 2

Energy Reserves: 3.5
Coal: 1.6
Oil: 1.9

Growth for Next Year: 1.93

Growth for Next Year: 1.2

Unless I'm mistaken your growth should be (.03)(44+10+13.2+1-7.8-7-2.1)=1.54 production centers.

Thanks, man. I forgot to add in the extra 22. By the way, did you put any thought into what I said? If we can get Britain in on the rubber deal, us three could have a total monopoly on the rubber market (and hello extra resource points).

Thanks, man. I forgot to add in the extra 22. By the way, did you put any thought into what I said? If we can get Britain in on the rubber deal, us three could have a total monopoly on the rubber market (and hello extra resource points).
OOC: You might have to cut in Belgium too (Remember, all those human rights abuses were involved in the Rubber trade)

OOC: You might have to cut in Belgium too (Remember, all those human rights abuses were involved in the Rubber trade)

OOC: There is also Indochina and the German colonies in Equatorial Africa.

OOC: There is also Indochina and the German colonies in Equatorial Africa.
Indochina is controlled by Siam, isn't it? And didn't most of the German rubber come from German East Africe (which Britain bought)?

Indochina is controlled by Siam, isn't it?

OOC: Yes.

And didn't most of the German rubber come from German East Africa (which Britain bought)?

OOC: Germany got Equatorial Africa from France after the Great War and still has the Cameroon’s. It’s able to extract some rubber from its Equatorial African holdings, but can only do so profitably through concession companies, human rights abuses, and forced labor (much criticized by liberals). The colony is barely profitable and that’s with the full backing the colonial government.

Be that as it may, Brazil, Britain, and Belgium (the three Bs) do control a majority of significant rubber (that which is represented in resource points) available to consumption by the world market and could thus set up a cartel and exert considerable control over the price (even more so if they can get Siam/Indochina and the Dutch to join in, at which point it becomes near total).

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1918 Cut Spending at Tech Level 4.5
Population: 26,000,000

Domestic Production: 33.25
Industrial Output: 24 (12 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 0 (10 Industrialized)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 51
-Export Profits: 10 Points
Shipping: 16 (80 Units)
Ocean Liners: 1 (10 Units)
Level 3 Social Spending: 7.8
Army Upkeep: 7
Navy Upkeep: 2.95

Production: 29
24 Shipping Units: 24
5 Tankers: 5

Foreign Affairs: 4.25
Importing Energy: 2
Aid to Uruguay: 1.25
Aid to Paraguay: .5
Buying Dutch Light Cruiser for Uruguay: .5

Energy Reserves: 3
Coal: 1.6
Oil: 1.4

Growth for Next Year: 2.65

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1919 Austerity Spending at Tech Level 4.5
Population: 26,000,000

Domestic Production: 28.05
Industrial Output: 14 (14 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 0 (10 Industrialized)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 51
-Export Profits: 10 Points
Shipping: 20.8 (104 Units)
Ocean Liners: 1 (10 Units)
Level 3 Social Spending: 7.8
Army Upkeep: 7
Navy Upkeep: 2.95

Production: 20.2
Creating the Serviço Nacional de Informações: 10
Infrastructure Improvements: 5.2 (Year 1 of 3)
5 Oil Tankers: 5

Foreign Affairs: 7.85
Importing Energy: 3
Fortress for Uruguay: 1 (Year 2 of 5)
Fortress for Paraguay: 1.5 (Year 2 of 5)
Infrastructure Improvements in Colombia: 2.35

Energy Reserves: 4.5
Coal: 2.2
Oil: 2.3

Growth for Next Year: 3.45

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1920 Austerity Spending at Tech Level 4.5
Population: 30,000,000

Domestic Production: 29.85
Industrial Output: 17 (17 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 0 (10 Industrialized)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 45
-Export Profits: 9 Points
Shipping: 20.8 (104 Units)
Ocean Liners: 1 (10 Units)
Level 3 Social Spending: 9
Army Upkeep: 7
Navy Upkeep: 2.95

Production: 26.2
16 Shipping Units: 16
Intel Upkeep: 5
Infrastructure Improvements: 5.2 (Year 2 of 3)

Foreign Affairs: 3.65
Importing Energy: 1
Fortress for Uruguay: 1 (Year 3 of 5)
Fortress for Paraguay: 1.5 (Year 3 of 5)
Infrastructure Improvements in Colombia: .15

Energy Reserves: 4
Coal: 1.7
Oil: 2.3

Growth for Next Year: 3.64

In 1921, the Cox administration asks Brazil to drop out of the "rupec" cartel. Because the United States is the world's largest consumer of rubber, it is felt that this cartel would run contrary to the interests of the United States. The United States also hints that retaliatory tariffs might be necessary to restore the balance of trade, and that in the long run Rubber production is going to Southeast Asia anyway due to lower prices there.

Also, in a completely unrelated move, several Navy officials mention the possibility of some sort of naval deal with Argentina.

OOC: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoot-Hawley_Tariff_Act

Such things are possible and would hurt the Brazilian economy severely.

The Brazilian Government asks that the issue be discussed further, although it is clear that they are willing to give up RuPEC membership to avoid losing the country’s second largest export market. Perhaps a rubber trade deal can be negotiated between the U.S. and Brazil. If Brazil doesn’t have to compete as much with the British Empire for American markets, there wouldn’t be any reason for being a member of RuPEC.

When rumors of further American-Argentine cooperation reach Brazil, however, the government begins to question the validity of the Treaty of Friendship between Brazil and the U.S., not to mention American plans for the region. Rearming an imperialistic nation who was just at war with all but one of its neighbors less than a decade ago seems like a move to destabilize South America and reignite the conflict.

The United States proposes the following deal to Brazil:

Natal Economic Agreement
1. Brazil will drop out of the RuPEC agreement, or ensure that its companies do so.
2. The United States will lower tariffs on Brazilian rubber by approximately 1/3.
3. Brazil promises to abstain from future efforts to drive up the price of rubber at the expense of the United States.
4. The United States will raise no special tariffs on Brazilian raw materials for 5 years.

and, secretly,
4. Argentina and the United States will not make any military deals for 5 years without first consulting Brazil.

Brazil agrees to the American proposal in hopes that perhaps this agreement will be a first step on the path to restored American-Brazilian relations. The following week, Brazil steps down from its position as founder of the Rubber Producing and Exporting Countries.

In 1921, after Brazil agrees to the Natal Economic Agreement, the United States formally proposes the American Trade League. Meant to increase prosperity across the Americas, the American Trade League is offered to all American Nations with the exception of European imperial powers.

American Trade League Charter (simplified, assume the real thing is more complicated)

1. The members of the American Trade League agree to cooperate in order to foster prosperity among said members, by:
i. Lowering tariffs to aid mutually beneficial trade;
ii. Creating and maintaining transportation links, terrestrial and maritime, between the members of the American Trade League;
iii. Upholding the laws of the sea and international law in regards to transportation;
iv. Standardizing banking procedures among members of the American Trade League;
v. When possible, standardizing regulations and laws regarding trade in the ATL countries;
vi. Acting in good faith at all times in financial dealings with other ATL nations.
2. In times of exceptional need, any of the above clauses may be suspended by any nation for a period of up to ten (10) years
3. The American Trade League charter may be amended by a majority vote, unless either the United States or Brazil decides to exercise a veto option, in which case amendments may be carried only by a three-quarters vote. If both Brazil and the United States exercise a veto, the amendment cannot pass.
4. Any nation may be expelled from or admitted to the ATL with a two-thirds vote of all ATL nations

The Brazilian Republic accepts to the proposal and voices it's support for such pan-American cooperation.

Amazonas (1917, Tech 5 American Improved Battlecruiser)
São Paulo (1917, Tech 5 American Battlecruiser)
República (1917, Tech 5 American Battlecruiser)
Rio de Janeiro (1916, Tech 5 American Heavy Cruiser)
Bahia (1916, Tech 5 American Heavy Cruiser)
Paraná (1916, Tech 5 American Heavy Cruiser)
Fonseca (1913, Tech 5 American Battlecruiser)
Bahia (1910, Tech 5 American Light Cruiser)
Rio Grande do Sul (1910, Tech 5 American Light Cruiser)
Rainha Dona Amelia (1901, Tech 4.5 Portuguese Armored Cruiser)


The Argentine government asks if Brazil isplanning on dismantling two of those cruisers considering as how the limit according to the Washington Naval treaty is 8 and Brazil currently has 10 in service.

According to the treaty, cruisers can be substituted for capital ships thus bringing Brazil within legal limitations.

OOC: Are you the new Argentine player?

According to the treaty, cruisers can be substituted for capital ships thus bringing Brazil within legal limitations.

OOC: Are you the new Argentine player?

OOC: yes

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1921 Austerity Spending at Tech Level 4.5
Population: 30,000,000

Domestic Production: 35.05
Industrial Output: 20 (20 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 0 (10 Industrialized)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 45
-Export Profits: 9 Points
Shipping: 24 (120 Units)
Ocean Liners: 1 (10 Units)
Level 3 Social Spending: 9
Army Upkeep: 7
Navy Upkeep: 2.95

Corruption: 2.11 (6%)
Disruption: .71 (2%)

Production: 25.2
Intel Upkeep: 5
15 Tankers: 15
Infrastructure Improvements: 5.2 (Year 3 of 3)

Foreign Affairs: 7.03
Importing Energy: 3
Fortress for Uruguay: 1 (Year 4 of 5)
Fortress for Paraguay: 1.05 (Year 4 of 5)
Aid to Colombia: 1.98

Energy Reserves: 3.3
Coal: 1.3
Oil: 2

Growth for Next Year: 3.41

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1922 Austerity Spending at Tech Level 4.5
Population: 30,000,000

Domestic Production: 38.05
Industrial Output: 23 (23 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 0 (10 Industrialized)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 45
-Export Profits: 9 Points
Shipping: 24 (120 Units)
Ocean Liners: 1 (10 Units)
Level 3 Social Spending: 9
Army Upkeep: 7
Navy Upkeep: 2.95

Corruption: 2.29 (6%)
Recession: 1.91 (5%)

Production: 29
Intel Upkeep: 5
Naval Yard: 24

Foreign Affairs: 9.05
Importing Energy: 3
Fortress for Uruguay: 1 (Year 5 of 5)
Fortress for Paraguay: 1.05 (Year 5 of 5)
Aid to Colombia: 4

Energy Reserves: 3.1
Coal: 1.2
Oil: 1.9

Growth for Next Year: 3.5

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1923 Austerity Spending at Tech Level 4.5
Population: 30,000,000

Domestic Production: 40.05
Industrial Output: 26 (26 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 0 (10 Industrialized)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 45
-Export Profits: 9 Points
Shipping: 24 (120 Units)
Ocean Liners: 1 (10 Units)
Level 3 Social Spending: 9
Army Upkeep: 7
Navy Upkeep: 3.95

Corruption: 2.41 (6%)
Recession: 2.01 (5%)

Production: 29
Intel Upkeep: 5
Naval Yard: 24

Foreign Affairs: 6.63
Importing Energy: 3
Aid to Uruguay: 3.63

Energy Reserves: 3.1
Coal: 1.2
Oil: 1.9

Growth for Next Year: 3.91

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1924 Austerity Spending at Tech Level 4.5
Population: 30,000,000

Domestic Production: 43.05
Industrial Output: 29 (29 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 0 (10 Industrialized)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 45
-Export Profits: 9 Points
Shipping: 24 (120 Units)
Ocean Liners: 1 (10 Units)
Level 3 Social Spending: 9
Army Upkeep: 7
Navy Upkeep: 3.95

Corruption: 2.59 (6%)
Recession: 2.16 (5%)

Production: 35.3
Intel Upkeep: 5
Naval Yard: 24
Aid to Oligarchs: 6.3

Foreign Affairs: 3
Importing Energy: 3

Energy Reserves: 2.9
Coal: 1.5
Oil: 1.4

Growth for Next Year: 4.67

The Twenties – A Time of Change for Brazil

With large-scale American investments at the beginning of the century, Brazilian industry began to develop much to the displeasure of the agriculture-based oligarchy. During the Rio Plata War, the United States sided with Argentina and an Argentine blockade cut off any industrial imports from Europe making Brazil’s industrial weakness very apparent. The government began supporting industrialization, much to the disgust of the rural oligarchs, giving birth to a Brazilian middle class. This new working class demanded a centralized state with democratic reforms, tax breaks, and import quotas to improve domestic industrial strength. The first wave of general strikes and communist rallies erupted in 1921, intensifying the conflict between the middle class and the coffee oligarchs. However, lacking the support of the much larger class of peasants, the urban sector could do little against the corrupt oligarchs.


Meanwhile, the quickly emerging rift between the military and the oligarchy would prove more decisive and eventful. The struggle nearly erupted into civil war near the end of the Rio Plata War and after the war the military began a campaign of eliminating officers that supported the oligarch resistance including veteran admirals. Frustrated with the lack of action by their superiors, junior military officers staged a revolt on July 5th, 1922 amid recession and political unrest. The revolt was quickly suppressed with only two tenants surviving. However, the Wall Street disaster in 1924 marked the downfall of the oligarchs. By 1925, the coffee market had collapsed and rural landowners were kept in business only by government support. The oligarchy was in ruins and its enemies were ready to move in for the kill.

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1925 Austerity Spending under Depression at Tech Level 4.5
Population: 30,000,000

Domestic Production: 18.1
Industrial Output: 22.5 (30 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 0 (10 Industrialized)
Food Production: 75
-Available for Export: 45
-Export Profits: 9 Points
Shipping: 12 (120 Units)
Ocean Liners: .5 (10 Units)
Level 3 Social Spending: 9
Army Upkeep: 12
Navy Upkeep: 4.9

Corruption: 1.09 (6%)

Production: 13.01
Intel Upkeep: 5
Aid to Oligarchs: 8.01

Foreign Affairs: 4
Importing Energy: 4
Aid from U.S. for Revolution: 10
Exported Growth From Last Year: .92

Energy Reserves: 4.6
Coal: 2.4
Oil: 2.2

Growth for Next Year: .51

República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil
1926 Cut Spending under Depression at Tech Level 5
Population: 30,000,000

Domestic Production: 9.55
Industrial Output: 30 (30 Production Centers)
Natural Resources: 0 (10 Industrialized)
Food Production: 82
-Available for Export: 52
-Export Profits: 5.2 Points
Shipping: 6 (120 Units)
Ocean Liners: .25 (10 Units)
Level 4 Social Spending: 15
Army Upkeep: 12
Navy Upkeep: 4.7

Corruption: .6 (6%)

Production: 8.95
Intel Upkeep: 5
Infrastructure Improvements: 3 (Year 1 of 3)
Aid to Oligarchs: .95
Dreadnought Research: 0 (Year 1 of 3)

Foreign Affairs: 0
Exported Growth: .51

Energy Reserves: 1.9
Coal: 1.7
Oil: .2

Growth for Next Year: 1.17

The Liberal Revolution
The 1926 Presidential Election, preceded by the complete collapse of the Brazilian economy and recent coups within many of the nation’s neighbors, marked a turning point in the Republic. The alternation of power between São Paulo and Minas Gerais was shattered with the election of Getulio Vargas, a member of the Liberal Alliance born in Rio Grande do Sul. Rio Grande do Sul, a state with a history of Progressive politics, gave birth to another President not too long ago, with President Fonseca leading Brazil into the Rio Plata War. Many of the nation’s oligarchs clutch their last strings of power and prepare for what will surely be another history-changing presidency at their expense.