Yugo Slavia
22-07-2006, 21:14
A place for defence technologies produced and used by the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) including the Yugoslav Air Force and Navy, at least until I get bored of keeping track! This is designed for use in every-day NationStates, but to a large degree will also be of use in reference to AMW, though not perfectly so. Equipment includes real Yugoslav systems and others that were only proposed or partly complete at the time of the crippling NATO aggression and have been developed to completion in the NationStates multiverse, and it also includes one or two totally unique items.
http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v148/Chivtv/NS1/victory4ud.jpg
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia [link] (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showthread.php?t=490863) under "Marshal Lav" -President Larionko Aidarov, the Belarussian Lion- is a land alone and, some say, out of time, clinging still to autocracy in government and democracy in economy.
With a small territory, even after the act of federation with the former People's Republic of Bulgaria, Yugoslavia has just thirty-one million citizens, and must take extreme measures to ensure national and revolutionary security in a world filled with gigantic imperialist and anti-socialist ambition.
A policy of non-alignment and a doctrine of opšte-narodna odbrana, Total National Defence, is supported by self-reliance in weapons production, allowing the nation to stand alone against the changing tides of foreign ambition.
Yugoslav neutrality, of course, also means that Belgrade is willing, even keen, to export its military wares to left, right, and anyone else besides: defence production is responsible for the largest portion of federal economic activity, larger than the second-placed tourist industry by more than 100%.
Yugo Slavia
22-07-2006, 21:20
YUGOSLAV AIR FORCE (JRV)
Included Yugoslav-Built Equipment
VTI L-20 Light Multi-Role Fighter
SOKO J-22C Orao 3 Close-Support Aircraft
SOKO G4M Super Galeb Lead-In Flight Trainer and Light Attack Fighter
UTVA Lasta 95/Lasta 3 Basic Flight Trainer
SOKO SA342L Partizan Light Multi-Role Helicopter
Additional Non-Yugoslav Equipment
MiG-29A L-18 Interceptor/Air Superiority Fighter
Antonov An-12 Cub Medium Transport Aircraft
Antonov An-26 Curl Light Transport Aircraft
Yakovlev Yak-40 Light Transport Aircraft
Dassault Falcon 50 Diplomatic Transport Aircraft
Antonov An-2TD Light Special Forces Training Transport Aircraft
Mil Mi-8 Hip Multi-Role Transport Helicopter
VTI L-20 Light Multi-Role Fighter
L-20, the Yugoslav Air Force's current fighter, is the product of many years' work and ambition.
Its development, by the Military Technology Institute (VTI), could not have happened as it did without engineers schooled in the well-funded socialist universities, or without Yugoslavia's ever improving legacy of aircraft development and years of co-operation with nations ranging from Ceauşescu's Romania to France and Sweden.
It is undeniable that French assistance was vital to the Novi Avion project, as the aircraft is powered by a SNECMA M88 afterburning turbofan, two of which drive Dassault's Rafale.
Name
Called Novi Avion while in development, a name deemed rather cold and doomed to eventual obsolescence, the new Yugoslav light fighter is to be designated L-20 (L being for Lovac, or hunter). The project was also sometimes called Yu-Supersonik, and described as a mini-Rafale or Yugoslav-Rafale.
Weights and Dimensions
A very compact machine, affordable and agile as a result, Novi Avion has a wingspan of 8.00 metres, length of 13.75 metres, and height of 4.87 metres. Its canard span is 3.55 metres, and wing size in the region of 30 metres square. Empty weight is 6,247kg and maximum take-off weight some 13,400kg.
Powerplant
A licence-built afterburning turbofan of French design, the M88 gives the small aircraft 50kN (11,250lbf) of dry thrust and 75kN (17,000lbf) of thrust on full reheat. Novi Avion's powerplant was the last piece of the puzzle, and an impressive picture it has revealed!
Performance
Official maximum speed attributed to Novi Avion is Mach 1.85, but this is probably not so very exact a figure as it appears. Ceiling is approximately 15,000 metres. Combat range, depending on load-out, may be between 400 and 1,000 kilometres, while ferry range is in excess of 3,750km. Agility, given the small size, healthy wing area, and canard lay-out of the L-20, is impressive, and was a priority during development.
Small and constructed largely of composites, L-20 has a low radar cross section, though is not a thorougbred stealth aircraft.
Systems
Novi Avion incorporates a digital flight control system, Head Up Display and Hands On Throttle And Stick operation, and may carry helmet-mounted sighting equipment believed to be derived from technology of Israeli and/or South African origin. Radar Warning Receivers are fitted, and there is capacity for a jamming system believed to be incomplete at the time of Novi Avion's first flight. Novi Avion will be able to carry native target designation equipment once it is proven in on-going trials.
For a time it was unclear from where Yugoslavia would acquire a modern radar system for Novi Avion, with talk of this becoming a major let-down to a potentially world-class aircraft. This problem has reportedly been solved, though precisely how is not yet published. [Ultimately, following work with South Africa, Belgrade has engaged in secretive dealing with Israel to acquire ELTA's EL/M-2032 pulse Doppler multi-role fire control radar for Novi Avion.]
The light fighter has, it is claimed, as a result of its avionics fit, multi-mode long-range multi target handling look-down shoot-down abilities. [With Synthetic Apeture Radar technology, Novi Avion can control smart weapons in air to surface attack, displaying high resolution imagery for ground targets out to 150km and an ability to detect and classify naval targets at 300km. In air to air mode, the EL/M-2032 radar enables detection and tracking out to 150km.]
Armament
A range of aramament may be carried by Novi Avion, which will serve in Yugoslavia and is also slated for potential export.
L-20 has eleven hardpoints, including one for mounting of is cannon armament and two wingtip stations for short-range missiles.
In Yugoslavian serice, Novi Avion will be fitted with a locally produced copy of GSh-23L twin-barrel 23mm cannon for use against air and ground targets.
For basic ground attack work it will carry dumb bombs, cluster bombs, napalm tanks, and pods for 70mm folding fin aerial rockets.
In a new development, L-20s will be able to deploy the Yugoslav LVB-250 laser-guided bomb, which is seen as a significant step for Balkan defence and industry.
Grom-B air to surface missiles will provide the biggest punch in the arsenal of Yugoslav machines, with these new weapons moving from the radio guidance of the original Grom to TV guidance and passive radar homing, substantially increasing the capabilities of the air force to strike at enemy assets and engage in effective SEAD operations. Grom-B represents the core of Novi Avion's anti-ship potential in the short term at least.
In air-to-air combat, Yugoslav machines will carry the new and as yet mysterious Komarac-A advanced short-range missile, which is developed with help from South Africa's Denel, thought to have recently received several millions of dollars from Belgrade. This missile is said to have features -such as lock-on-after-launch ability- enabling effective range substantially beyond that of many other IR-guided missiles, and this is just as well since Yugoslavia as yet has no true beyond visual range missile of its own in production. A current project aims to rectify this, incorporating technologies and experience with R-Darter and R-27R (AA-10 Alamo) to provide a radar guided missile for BVR engagement in the near future.
Novi Avion offered for export may mount single-barrel 20mm or 30mm cannon; carry different dumb bombs; rockets such as 57 or 80mm; AS-7 Kerry and AGM-65 Maverick air-to-surface missiles; R-60 (AA-8 Aphid), U-Darter, and A-Darter IR-guided short range air-to-air missiles; and R-27 (AA-10 Alamo) or R-Darter radar-guided beyond-visual-range air-to-air missiles.
Other Versions
Apart from differing armament configurations, Novi Avion will be built in two-seater form for training purposes. L-20, a multi-role fighter, shall be joined by NL-20 two-seat trainer, and I-20 reconnaissance fighter, both of which shall retain at least partial combat potential.
Service
L-20 shall enter Yugoslav service as a replacement for the range of MiG-21 fighter and reconnaissance aircraft currently designated L-12, NL-12, L-14, L-14I, NL-14, L-15, L-15M, L-16, NL-16, L-17, and L-17K. Thoughts of it replacing Orao attackers have been put aside as plans get underway for the long-overdue development of an upgraded Super Orao, which will carry its own radar and take advantage of weapons advances and, perhaps, new propulsion technology. L-20 will serve along side L-18 (MiG-29) until the Soviet aircraft are declared obsolete some years down the line.
Two-hundred L-20 multi-role fighters, forty-five I-20 reconnaissance planes, and fifty-five two-seat conversion trainers are to be built for Yugoslavia, with hopes that this significant initial production run may encourage smaller foreign buyers to come forwards, as the Yu-Supersonik is already likely to be cheaper than competition from more prominent nations in the aviation defence market.
Yu-Supersonik (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v148/Chivtv/NS1/NoviAvion1.jpg) A.K.A. L-20 (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v148/Chivtv/NS1/nv-1.jpg)
SOKO J-22C Orao 3 Close-Support Aircraft
Developed by Vazdulnoplovno Technicki Institut and Romania's Institutal de Macanica Fluidelor si Constructii Aerospatiale and -in Yugoslavia- manufactured by SOKO, J-22 Orao first appeared in the mid 1970s, with Yugoslavia's first production aircraft appearing in 1980.
J-22(M) Orao 2 was long the definitive version in Yugoslavia, appearing in the mid 1980s, and featured afterburning engines. It incorporated other improvements, such as increased fuel capacity, altered wing-roots, uprated hardpoints, and Thomson-CSF VE-120T Head-Up Display.
However, two decades later, these enhancements are insufficient to keep Orao close to the leading edge of modern combat design, and Yugoslavia has independently completed a second redesign, this time even more ambitious.
The Orao design called for a transonic aircraft for combat support that would be easy to maintain and operate, but a secondary role as an interceptor would be provisioned for, with Orao potentially engaging helicopters, transport aircraft, cruise missiles, and other attack aircraft.
Name
J-22C Orao 3 is a legacy of the J-22 series, and the name Orao means eagle.
Weights and Dimensions
Orao 3 has a wingspan of 9.3 metres, over-all length of 13 metres, and is 4.5 metres high. The two-seat conversion trainer version is 15.38 metres long including probe. Empty weight is around 5,750kg, normal take-off weight some 8,200kg and maximum take-off weight 11,100kg.
Powerplant
Two Orao/Turbomecanica Rolls-Royce/Bristol Siddeley Viper Mk 633-41 turbojets each provide 17.79kN of dry thrust and 22.24kN on reheat, for around 4,536kg combined thrust.
Performance
Orao is said to be a transonic aircraft, but can in fact reach speeds in excess of Mach 1 in level flight, being capable of 1,130km/h (610kt/702mph/Mach 1.06) at full reheat when 'clean'. Cruising speed is 743km/h (401kt/462mph) at 11,000m. Ceiling is 15,000 metres, and maximum rate of climb is 5,340 metres per minute from sea level. Orao's G limits are from -4.2 to +8. Range is 1,320 kilometres in ferry configuration with two drop tanks. Combat radius is between 522 and 370 kilometres on a hi-lo-hi attack mission with one drop tank and various weapons stores.
Systems
Like the Orao 2, Orao 3 is fitted with Thomson-CSF VE-120T Head-Up Display, but the new machine also realises Hands On Throttle And Stick operation. The radar and computer nav/attack system are integrated by a digital database. Iskra SO-1 Radar Warning Receiver is standard, and there is provision for up to three chaff and flare dispensers and a P10-65-13 passive jammer pod.
The pilot is provided with a Martin-Baker Mk Y10LB zero/zero ejector seat.
An optical/Infrared reconnaissance pod can be carried.
Armament
Two 23mm Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-23L twin-barrel cannon with 200 rounds per gun are fitted on the undersides of the air intakes.
There are wingtip rails for infrared-guided short-range air-to-air missiles.
One centreline station and four under-wing hardpoints are good for a total of 2,800kg of stores, with 800kg under the fuselage and 500kg on each wing station. The four under-wing hardpoints can carry two short-range air-to-air guided-missiles a piece.
Air-to-Air missiles used in Yugoslav service are the advanced Komarac-A or Soviet-origin R-73 (AA-11 Archer), but other missiles such as K-13/R-3 (AA-2 Atoll), K-60/R-60 (AA-8 Aphid), and the American AIM-9 Sidewinder can be carried.
Disposable stores are extensive, and may include the following (one, or a mix on available hardpoints):
-Five 100, 250, or 500 kg free-fall or retarded bombs on single mounts
-Twelve 50 or 100 kg free-fall or retarded bombs on four triple mounts
-Eight 250kg free-fall or retarded fragmentation bombs on four dual mounts
-Five or eight BL755 cluster bombs on single and dual mounts
-Eight LVB-250 laser-guided bombs on four dual mounts
-Four 360kg napalm tanks
-Eight L-57-16MD pods for 55mm unguided rockets
-Eight L-128-04 pods, each for four 128mm unguided rockets
-Two Air-to-Surface Missiles, Grom-B TV-guided or passive radar homing, or AGM-65 Maverick
Other Versions
NJ-22C Orao 3B two-seat conversion trainer is associated with J-22C Orao 3 combat air support fighter, and seats pupil and instructor in tandem.
Service
Sixty J-22C Orao 3 are operating with the Yugoslav Air Force, primarily supporting JNA operations. Twelve NJ-22C Orao 3B two-seat conversion trainers prepare pilots to use J-22C.
J-22C (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v148/Chivtv/NS1/orao1.jpg) A.K.A. Orao 3 (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v148/Chivtv/NS1/sokoj222.jpg) pictured with deployable weapons (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v148/Chivtv/NS1/orao12.jpg)
Yugo Slavia
22-07-2006, 22:36
YUGOSLAV NAVY (JRM)
Kotor Class Frigate
Type 240 Rade Koncar Class Missile Boat
Kobra Class Missile Boat
Type 140 Mirna Class Small Patrol Boats
Heroj Class Submarine
Sava Class Submarine
Una Class Midget Submarine
Mala Class Midget Submarine
Ham Class Inshore Minesweeper
Vis Class Command and Support Ship
Brom Mobile Anti-Ship Missile System
Kotor Class Frigates [Large Patrol Ships]
Displacement: 1,850 tons full load
Dimensions: 96.7x11.7x3.55 metres/317.3x38.4x11.6 feet
Propulsion: 3 shafts; 2 cruise diesels, 9,600bhp; 1 boost gas turbine, 19,000shp; 28,600shp total
Speed: 27 knots
Range: 1,800nm at 14 knots
Crew: 90+
Radar: MR-302 Rubka/Strut Curve air/surface search
Sonar: MG-322T hull mounted MF
Fire Control: PMZ-301/Pop Group SAM control
EW: intercept, decoys
Armament: 4x Brom SSM, 1x SA-N-4 SAM system (20 missiles), 2x 2M3J Super-Sava SAM positions, 1x dual 76mm DP gun, 2x 30mm/62 AK-230 gun, 2x 20mm gun, 2x3 324mm torpedo tubes, 2x RBU-6000 anti-submarine rocket launchers
Hulls: 6, Kotor, Novi Sad, Beograd, Podgorica, Sofia, Shipka
Pictures: One (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v148/Chivtv/NS1/yugorf33kotor.jpg), Two (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v148/Chivtv/NS1/kotor4.jpg), Three (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v148/Chivtv/NS1/kotor3.jpg)
Type 240 Rade Koncar Class Missile Boats
Displacement: 242 tons full load
Dimensions: 45x8x1.8 metres/147.6x26x5.9 feet
Propulsion: 4 shafts; 2 cruise diesels, 7,200bhp; 2 boost gas turbines, 9,000shp; 16,200 shp total
Speed: 37 knots
Crew: 30
Fire Control: 9LV200 MkII missile control, 30nm range
EW: chaff and flare dispensers
Armament: 1x Brom SSM, 1x 57mm/70 Bofors DP gun, 1x 30mm/62 AK-230 gun
Hulls: 24, including Rade Koncar, Ramiz Sadiku, Hasan Zahirovic Lasa, Jordan Nikolov-Orce, Ante Banina
Yugo Slavia
24-07-2006, 00:33
YUGOSLAV PEOPLE'S ARMY (JNA)
Pistols
CZ-99 Automatic
15 round 9x19mm pistol from Crvena Zastava in Serbia. Shows SIG P226 influence with many changes. A well-made combat pistol and fairly inexpensive, fashioned from aluminium alloy and sheet steel. Ambidextrous decocking controls also operate slide stop thus reducing the over-all number of controls, and the CZ-99 has no manual safety. Has a loaded-chamber indicator.
Picture: CZ-99 (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v148/Chivtv/NS1/cz99.jpg)
CZ-99 Compact Automatic
CZ-99 with shortened barrel and slide.
Picture: CZ-99 Compact (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v148/Chivtv/NS1/cz99compact.jpg)
CZ-999 Automatic
15 round 9x19mm pistol related to CZ99 and made by Crvena Zastava in Serbia. Has extra features such as fire select mode for pistol/revolver functions concerning single and double action operation and low-ammo indicator that presses shooter's palm when only three rounds remain. Has Browning-type cam operation and is made of aluminium alloy and sheet steel.
Pictures: CZ-999 (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v148/Chivtv/NS1/cz999.jpg)
HS2000 Automatic Pistol
15 round 9x19mm pistol of modern construction with polymer frame, some ambidextrous controls, four safeties, and high visibility sights. Shoots quite well and is generally reliable, described as a Glock-SIG cross but cheaper than either. Made in Croatia.
Picture: HS2000 (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v148/Chivtv/NS1/hs2000.jpg)
Arcus 98 DA Automatic Pistol
9x19mm Browning Hi-Power clone made in Bulgaria to a very high standard, 15 shot magazine, unremarkable but comfortable and durable.
Picture: Arcus 98 (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v148/Chivtv/NS1/arcus-98da.jpg)
Model 57 Automatic
9 round 7.62x25mm Yugoslav version of the TT-33 pistol differing from the Soviet original in minor dimensional respects thanks to different production methods and in small mostly cosmetic features such as the type of finger-grip serration on the slide and of course the badge impressed upon the grip.
Model 70 Automatic
9 round 9x19mm version of the Model 57, differing only in calibre, which perhaps makes it a little more comfortable to shoot.
Pictures: Model 70 (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v148/Chivtv/NS1/model70.jpg)
Model 70A Automatic Pistol
This is the Model 70 with a safety catch added to the slide.
Model 70(K)
The name of this compact pistol is confusing, since it is not a variant of the Tokarev-like Model 70, but a pocket pistol designed for police use. It is a single-action blowback weapon chambered for the 9mm short cartridge, and has an 8 round magazine.
Pictures: Model 70(K) (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v148/Chivtv/NS1/model70k.jpg)
Model 83 Double-Action Revolver
6 round .357 Magnum revolver that is also able to fire 9x19mm ammunition when provided with a special cylinder. Made by Crvena Zastava in Serbia.
Yugo Slavia
13-10-2006, 03:36
I think that's all the sections I'll need. Work on-going. Well, not work, exactly, but it'd be too geeky to openly call this fun, right? Ah, what the hell, everyone loves socialist miltiary nostalgia, right? [/bump]