NationStates Jolt Archive

[OOC: This thread will be used as a reference thread for a variety of things regarding Halberdgardia, so please DO NOT post here. You may TG me if you have any questions about anything in this thread. All information in this thread is to be considered to be OOC; that is, you cannot use this information against me ICly without my explicit consent.]

Table of Contents

Modern Tech

A
AAM Series Air-to-Air Missiles (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9845791&postcount=81)
AB-300 "Tornado" Gunship (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9449346&postcount=26)
ATG-44 Anti-Tank Mine (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9888048&postcount=84)
AeroClot (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9590470&postcount=63)
Allegiance-class Hunter-Killer Dreadnaught (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9449526&postcount=32)
Anti-Aircraft/Anti-Tank Munitions (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9884081&postcount=83)
Arca. IV Nakíl 1A2 Main Battle Tank (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12923168&postcount=119)
Aristaqis-class Assault Dreadnaught (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12900734&postcount=117)
B
B-7 "Peregrine" Hypersonic Weapons Delivery System (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12706157&postcount=103)
B-7 "Peregrine" Mk. II Hypersonic Weapons Delivery System (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12813201&postcount=114)
B-25 "Scimitar" Carrier-Based Light Bomber (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12706137&postcount=102)
B-300 "Hurricane" Heavy Strategic Supersonic Bomber (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9449226&postcount=23)
BZ Hallucinogenic Gas (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9591645&postcount=67)
Beta-Anthrax (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9590452&postcount=62)

C
C-350 "Stormbringer" Ultra-Heavy Cargo Lifter (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9449401&postcount=28)
Carcerands (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9590476&postcount=64)
Carrion (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12717425&postcount=112)
Cartagena-class SSN (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9451160&postcount=40)
Chieftain-class Executive Submarine (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9679996&postcount=71)
Colossal-class Aircraft Carrier (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12706293&postcount=108)
Corbulo Self-Propelled 155mm Gun (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9924412&postcount=86)
Corbulo Self-Propelled 155mm Gun Shells (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9923329&postcount=85)
Corromis Gas (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9590518&postcount=66)
Cuirassier-class SSK (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12706248&postcount=104)
D
Dietz-class Rapid Attack Hydrofoil (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9479835&postcount=50)
Diplomacy-class Executive Yacht (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9679985&postcount=70)
Duke-class Battlecruiser (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12706273&postcount=107)
E
Eagle-class Trimaran Heavy Cruiser (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9451098&postcount=36)
Expanionist Doctrine, The (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9562895&postcount=58)
F
F-76 "Liberator" Air Superiority Fighter (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9477884&postcount=49)
F-150 "Ebonhawk" Advanced Fighter-Bomber & F-150A/S "Strikehawk" Air Superiority Fighter (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9955575&postcount=87)
F-175 "Defender" Air Superiority Fighter (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9640637&postcount=69)
F/A-314 "Staller" Air Superiority Fighter (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9449308&postcount=24)
F/A-315 "Commando" Multi-Role Fighter (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9449327&postcount=25)
Feathermore-class Superdreadnaught (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12900726&postcount=116)
Feuermelder I "Schifffurcht" Anti-Capital Ship Missile (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9451187&postcount=42)
Form Letter from the Department of State, Sub-Department of Form Letters, Sub-Sub-Department of Humorous and Hostile Form Letters, Sub-Sub-Sub-Department of We Don't Give a Damn (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9490108&postcount=54)
Freedom-class Superdreadnaught (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9449448&postcount=29)
Frost (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12717429&postcount=113)
G
Generic Terms of Alliance (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9574819&postcount=60)
Generic Terms of Embassy Exchange (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9778132&postcount=75)
Genetically Enhanced Rotovirus (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12717423&postcount=111)
H
Halberdgardian WMD Policy (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9441386&postcount=2)
Hali-53 Assault Rifle (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12900717&postcount=115)
Hammer of Vengeance-class Flight II Superdreadnaught (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9449472&postcount=30)
Hidden Weapons Platform Truck (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9448879&postcount=18)
I
Indomitable-class Superdreadnaught (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9449501&postcount=31)
J
Jupiter-class ASW Frigate (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9451116&postcount=38)
K
KC-370 "Stormfueler" Refueling Aircraft (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9449379&postcount=27)
Khan Strategic Anti-Shipping Missile (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12935417&postcount=120)
KoloBac (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=10010434&postcount=95)
Kriegzimmer Naval Ordnance (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=10010327&postcount=92)
L
Lu-25 "Black Mariah" STOVL Multi-Role Fighter (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9485162&postcount=52)
Lu-45 "Hawk" Air Superiority Fighter (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9970620&postcount=88)
M
M-32 "Quinn" Assault Rifle (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9975275&postcount=90)
M-150 "Viper" Main Battle Tank (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9775499&postcount=73)
M-175 "Hammerblow" Main Battle Tank (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9768477&postcount=72)
M-200 "Hellhound" Main Battle Tank (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9465891&postcount=47)
Minister-class Escort Vessel (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12706316&postcount=109)
MMPWV LV-08 Armored Patrol/Light Truck (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9485614&postcount=53)
Model-G Infantry Armor (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9448726&postcount=15)
Model 100 Submachine Gun (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9835717&postcount=78)
N
NBC Warfare Suit (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=10010559&postcount=100)
O
Omega-class Trimaran Heavy Battleship (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9451025&postcount=34)
P
P.746.X Praetorian Surface-to-Air Missile and Variants (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9820259&postcount=77)
Pacitalia-class Hunter-Killer Dreadnaught (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12900739&postcount=118)
PhosphoRend (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=10010453&postcount=97)
PhosphoRush (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9779914&postcount=76)
Pleurisitic Airborne Virus (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12717419&postcount=110)
PRA-120 "Box Gun" (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=10010515&postcount=99)
Praefele-class Flight II Trimaran Destroyer (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9451110&postcount=37)
Praetonian Naval Ordnance (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9451168&postcount=41)
Praetorian II Mobile Surface-to-Air Missile Launcher (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9775514&postcount=74)
Predator III Heavy Pistol (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=10010483&postcount=98)
Pulmonary Lipid Clot Virus (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9590431&postcount=61)
R
RoLu-17 "Galicia" Attack Helicopter (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=10010422&postcount=94)
Royal Sovereign-class Superdreadnaught (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12706261&postcount=105)
RS-7 "Death Adder" Air Superiority Fighter (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9449102&postcount=21)
S
Sale of Surplus Naval Vessels (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9456122&postcount=44)
Samson Battlesuit (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9448811&postcount=16)
Sarzonian Constitution, The (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9543979&postcount=56)
Sarzonian Wartime Powers Act, The (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9544034&postcount=57)
Scorpion Light Attack Dune Buggy (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9448850&postcount=17)
Sledgehammer II Universal Anti-Shipping Cruise Missile (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12935425&postcount=121)
SmartGun System (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9835779&postcount=80)
Sovereign-class Flight II Dreadnaught (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12706268&postcount=106)
Super-Flu (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9590491&postcount=65)
"Super Soldat" Battlesuit (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9516833&postcount=55)
T
T-125 "Proletariat" Main Battle Tank (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9448964&postcount=19)
TSF-616 "Eidolon" Air Superiority Fighter (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9449160&postcount=22)
TSF-620 "Xeon" Air Superiority Fighter (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9979226&postcount=91)
Tagus Anti-Tank Missile (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9883954&postcount=82)
Tenerife-class SSH (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=10010403&postcount=93)
Titan-class Trimaran Fleet Carrier (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9449547&postcount=33)
"Thunderclap" Anti-Materiel Weapon (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9835738&postcount=79)
Tower-class Flight II SSBN (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9456940&postcount=46)
Type 98XR Main Battle Tank (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9449044&postcount=20)
U
UC-16 "Red Eye" Falcon Unmanned Combat Air Vehicle (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9975204&postcount=89)
UH-75 "Knighthawk" Utility/Assault Helicopter and Variants (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=12706125&postcount=101)
V
Vanguard-class Flight II SSN (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9456934&postcount=45)
VITAS (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=10010441&postcount=96)
Vulture-class Arsenal Ship (Refit) (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9451090&postcount=35)
W
Ward-class Escort Cruiser (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9451142&postcount=39)
Wilson-class Ro/Ro Transport Vessel (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9451233&postcount=43)
Z
Z-35 "Landshark" Infantry Fighting Vehicle (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9608137&postcount=68)
Z-39 Close-In Combat Vehicle (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9471736&postcount=48)
Zealous-class Superdreadnaught (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9482153&postcount=51)
Future Tech

C
Charlatan-class Exploratory Cruiser (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9441438&postcount=3)
Charlatan-class Exploratory Cruiser -- Export Variant (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9448076&postcount=5)
E
Eclipse-class Star Destroyer (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9448234&postcount=8)
M
Mercury-class Strike Cruiser (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9448155&postcount=7)
L
Lord of Creation-class Superdreadnaught (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9448402&postcount=9)
T
TIE Defender Space Superiority Starfighter (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9448480&postcount=10)
TIE Fighter (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9448491&postcount=11)
TIE Interceptor (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9448509&postcount=12)
TIE Phantom (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9448534&postcount=13)
TIE Scimitar (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9448680&postcount=14)
V
Vespir-class Cruiser (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9441489&postcount=4)
Vespir-class Cruiser -- Export Variant (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9448084&postcount=6)

[OOC: Thanks to Samtonia for allowing me to copy his policy.]

The Democratic Republic of Halberdgardia, on this day of August the fourteenth in the year two-thousand-five, hereby signs into effect the following changes in the policy of the use of weapons of mass destruction.

With the dawning of a new age of warfare, both politically and mentally, it is apparent that the current status quo of the proliferation/use of WMDs has swung into the proliferate use category. Recognizing the use of both tactical and strategic scale nuclear weapons as a growing threat to Halberdgardian interests, at sea and otherwise, and realizing the current ranges of NBC weapons are being greatly expanded upon, the Halberdgardian Tactical Doctrine regarding use of such weapons has been found to be clearly inadequate.

Therefore, with willpower evolving along with weaponry, it became clear new standards of military reply, both tactical and strategic, were needed to prevent Halberdgardia from being caught in the vice of tactical exchanges with strategic threats levering an effective response down. Therefore, be it advised that Halberdgardia is initiating sweeping changes in WMD and NBC use/response protocols.

Changes include:

Immediate field authorization for retaliatory strikes upon origins of attacks of tactical NBC nature
Downgrading of strategic NBC arms cache, with upgrading of tactical NBC capabilities to immediately follow
Immediate overhaul of strategic weapons defensive systems, including ground and air based
Stocks of tactical NBC weaponry to be distributed as authorized to appropriate commanders and positions, strategic and tactical, throughout Halberdgardian military forces and world
Authorization for full military action should WMD or NBC development, production, or stockpiling by any nation be deemed of a sufficient concern to Halberdgardian national interests
Non-escalation policy of NBC strikes to be authorized, unless in event of strategic range arms deployment

A variety of other changes are currently being implemented "in-house" to change the mission of Halberdgardian Special Weapons Division and Halberdgardian Strategic Missile Command. However, the policy changes are by far important ones to clarify to the world. With many nations now regarding "low" yield tactical nuclear weapons as effective solutions to frontline combat problems, the previous policy of MAD and escalation was judged far too severe a threat to Halberdgardian national interests. Therefore, any NBC attacks will immediately be responded to in kind by the appropriate field commanders, against targets deemed appropriate for both damage and impact.

A non-escalation policy will be observed, with the implicit understanding that any first-strike foreign use of an NBC weapon upon Halberdgardian troops, soil, or vested national interests will be an invitation to an in-kind response. There will be no escalating tactical use to the strategic level, however; instead, an appropriate tactical target will in turn be targeted for elimination in the same manner the Halberdgardian target was attacked.

This policy change is both fair and rational in this age of treating tactical WMDs as the be-all-end-all to military thinking and strategy. With these changes, Halberdgardia is now more fully able to retaliate should any target be subjected to an attack of the NBC nature. And, as always, we hope that the non-escalation policy will be followed by whatever nation was irrational enough to let loose the weapons of hell upon this Earth.

Charlatan-class exploratory spacecraft/light cruiser

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Future%20Tech/Charlatan_concept.jpg
Concept Drawing of the Charlatan-class light cruiser

Length: 400 meters
Width: 300 meters
Armor: Enzyme-bonded titanium-hyperfilament alloy: average of 10 meters; 20 meters around critical components (approximate RHA value of 500m average, 1000m around critical components); four-tiered particle/energy shield system, powered by seven dedicated generators, rated at 300 terajoules
Armament: Two 15-terajoule particle lances (mounted side-by-side in the center of the front face of the fore end of the engine cylinder; .25-sec. cycle rate), six 10-terajoule ion cannons (mounted at intervals on the wheel; .25-sec. cycle rate), twelve high-yield 75-megaton nuclear missiles
Sensors: Hysradar and radiation, molecular, biological sensors; range of 1000 AUs
Propulsion: 5 plasma engines, one wormhole generator; range of 7000 light-years
Power Plant: 15 high-capacity niling d-sinks, three back-up cold fusion reactors
Crew: 120 personnel; 30 exploratory/scientific personnel, 90 ops/maintenance personnel

Vespir-class cruiser

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Future%20Tech/Vespir_concept_weaponless.jpg
The Vespir-class cruiser

Length: 350 meters
Width: 250 meters
Armor: Enzyme-bonded titanium-hyperfilament alloy: average of 20 meters, 30 meters around critical components (approximate RHA values of 1000m average, 1500m around critical components); six-tiered particle/energy shield system, powered by twelve generators, rated at 500 terajoules
Armament: Five 30-terajoule particle lances (.5-sec. cycle rate), twelve 25-terajoule ion cannons (.5-sec. cycle rate), four 200mm railguns (one at each of the cardinal positions at the fore end of the engine cylinder), eight 100mm turreted railguns (placed at compass intervals [one railgun at "N", "S", "E", "W", "NW", "NE", "SW", "SE" positions] around the wheel), thirty-six high-yield 75-megaton nuclear missiles
Sensors: Hysradar and radiation, molecular, biological sensors; range of 2000 AUs
Propulsion: 6 plasma engines, one wormhole generator; range of 10,000 light-years
Power Plant: 20 high-capacity niling d-sinks, five back-up cold fusion reactors
Crew: 150 personnel; 100 ops/maintenance personnel, 50 Marines

Charlatan-class Exploratory Spacecraft/Light Cruiser -- Export Variant

Length: 400 meters
Width: 300 meters
Armor: Enzyme-bonded titanium-hyperfilament alloy: average of 7.5 meters; 12.5 meters around critical components (approximate RHA value of 375m average, 625m around critical components); four-tiered particle/energy shield system, powered by seven dedicated generators, rated at 250 terajoules
Armament: 2 12-terajoule particle lances (.25-sec. cycle rate), 6 8-terajoule ion cannons (.25-sec. cycle rate), 2 missile launchers (6-missile magazine for each)
Sensors: Hysradar and radiation, molecular, biological sensors; range of 1000 AUs
Propulsion: 5 plasma engines, one wormhole generator; range of 5,000 light-years
Power Plant: 15 high-capacity niling d-sinks, three back-up cold fusion reactors
Crew: 120 personnel; 30 exploratory/scientific personnel, 90 ops/maintenance personnel
Export-Variant Restrictions: No RI (client must install their own AI if they wish to have one)

Vespir-class Cruiser -- Export Variant

Length: 350 meters
Width: 250 meters
Armor: Enzyme-bonded titanium-hyperfilament alloy: average of 12.5 meters, 20 meters around critical components (approximate RHA values of 625m average, 1000m around critical components); six-tiered particle/energy shield system, powered by twelve generators, rated at 350 terajoules
Armament: 5 15-terajoule particle lances (.5-sec. cycle rate), 12 12-terajoule ion cannons (.5-sec. cycle rate), 2 missile launchers (18-missile magazine for each)
Sensors: Hysradar and radiation, molecular, biological sensors; range of 2000 AUs
Propulsion: 6 plasma engines, one wormhole generator; range of 9,000 light-years
Power Plant: 20 high-capacity niling d-sinks, five back-up cold fusion reactors
Crew: 150 personnel; 100 ops/maintenance personnel, 50 Marines
Export-Variant Restrictions: No RI (client must install their own AI if they wish to have one), no railguns

Einhauser Mercury-class Strike Cruiser (Halberdgardian designation of Scimitar-class strike cruiser)

Ship Class: Mercury
Role: Strike Cruiser
Maximum Crew: 9,872
Minimum Crew: 9,860
Marine Compliment: None

Length: 498 meters
Width: 88 meters
Mass: 4.32 million tons
Decks: 30

Offensive Weaponry: 48 missile pods, MDD, MAC, twin nuclear missile tubes
Defensive Weaponry: 100 PDGs, Internal weapon system
Hull: 7 layers, one 10-meter-layer of hyperfilament-titanium alloy
Shield System: void, 8-point energy

Maximum Sublight Acceleration: 135m/s^2
Maximum FTL Speed: N/A [Halberdgardian wormhole generators replaced Einhauser FTL drive]
Maximum Jump Range: 60,000 light years
FTL Recharge Rate: N/A [Halberdgardian wormhole generators replaced Einhauser FTL drive]

Sublight Engines: Two fusion engines
FTL Engine: Wormhole generators
Power Generation: 30 high-capacity niling d-sinks; 10 backup fusion generators [Halberdgardian modifications]

Fighter Compliment: 12
Miscellaneous Compliment: 3 shuttles (must remove 6 fighters to fit these on)

Maximum Deployment Time: 4 months without resupply

Additional Notes on Hull

The hull is composed of a unique blend of various materials, including a new one called Titanium-A. This compound has been in widespread use in other nation’s navies, but this is the first time it has been imported to Einhauser. The metal is a derivative of Titanium, but has been infused with all kinds of other exotic metals not found in the Sol system, to give it an incredible density. As effective as this material is, however, it wouldn’t be enough to provide the necessary strength required for a starship, so layers of Endosteel, Ferrosteel, Durosteel, Admantium/ Crystex composite, and a regenerative layer called Carbon Dioxenzemes have been incorporated into the hull. This incredibly strong armor covers the entire length of the ship, from the whale-like nose to the massive twin engines in the rear.

The armor is augmented by a powerful voidshield that can be expanded to repulse other ships that get too near. What’s that, you say? What’s a voidshield? Well, a voidshield is a large bubble of energy that encompasses the ship, generated from a small device hidden deep within the strike cruiser’s belly. The bubble constantly protects the hull from space debris during peacetime, and matter-based weaponry during war.

The shield is usually transparent, but turns a mottled greenish-blue gray when hit. This color change lasts only a few seconds before it fades back into its usual colorless state.

When a solid object impacts the shield, the energy of the object’s momentum is transferred to the generator. When the energy buildup reaches critical, the generator shuts itself, and the shield, down to avoid a catastrophic chain reaction that would either cripple or totally destroy the vessel. This can be avoided if the shield is periodically shut off, allowing the energy to bleed away. If there is a problem and the generator can’t be shut down, an emergency option is to dump the energy into the ship’s engines, which temporarily boosts the thrust 147%, but also leads to massive corrosion if used too often.

Now, the voidshield stops matter extremely well, but what of energy weapons? The Mercury has an energy shield to dissipate and reflect energy-based weapons. Unlike the voidshield, this system employs many different generators to project overlapping fields. This allows any of the shields to be overloaded or destroyed without leaving any part of the ship exposed. The shield placement is as follows: nose, top, bottom, fore-right, fore-left, aft-right, aft-left, rear.

Now, the Mercury is designed to get in close to other vessels, and merely having a thick hull is usually not enough to stop a determined enemy vessel. Therefore, a cloaking system has been incorporated into the hull. It uses fiber-optic cables embedded in the outer layers of the armor, which all run to a central computer located below the bridge. This computer uses armored cameras placed all over the ship to observe the view on one side of the ship, and project that image on the other side. The effect is that the Mercury appears to melt into the surrounding space with almost no perceptible distortion.

Special clamps have been fitted to the outer hull that allows the Mercury to tow or be towed, in order to extend its limited jump range.

Additional Notes on Weaponry

The first is by far the most numerous. Racks and racks of guided anti-ship missiles dominate the entire center section of the ship. The sides of the ship are dotted with octagonal hatches that open to reveal 30 missiles each. There are 24 missile tubes located on each side of the ship, which is capable of firing 1,440 missiles every 30 seconds. The warheads on these missiles can be anti-matter, high explosive, armor piercing, or inferno, and the tubes can be replenished by the massive machines behind them in 27 seconds, with them being armed and ready to fire in 30. The ship carries 5,760 extra missiles, or two reloads a side, which would make a direct hit to the tubes catastrophic. To counteract that flaw, each tube is lined with half a meter of Endosteel, and separated from the others by a full meter and a half of Titanium-A. The reloads are stored in similar tubes, and all missiles can be ejected on a moments notice via hidden hatches.

The second weapon present on the ship is the Magnetic Acceleration Cannon (MAC). This is the ship’s most powerful matter-based weapon. The barrel runs from underneath the engine room, where the ammunition is loaded, and emerges at the bottom of the nose. This gun utilizes linear accelerator coils to launch heavy projectiles at high speed. The shells have course-correction retro-rockets to help guide them on target, and they can be armed with all manner of warheads, including 44-megaton nuclear charges, two of which are included with the ship. Firing these massive chunks of explosive requires a huge amount of energy, which must be collected in batteries before the gun can fire. Each charge takes between 40 and 70 seconds, depending on the ammunition type. Magnetic field recyclers have been fitted in the nose of the Mercury, allowing three shells to be fired per charge, so this gun is very efficient.

As powerful as the MAC is, the Molecular Detachment Device (MDD) beats it by far. This is the main weapon of the Mercury, and the reason that this ship is worth buying. The gun is mounted in the upper section of the nose, where it can be fired without fear of hitting the Mercury, which would be disastrous. You see, the MDD is a one hit, one kill weapon that totally ignores armor. It works by shooting two beams of energy out towards the target. At the focal point of the two beams, a field springs into being that makes molecules cease to cling to each other. Electrons can no longer be shared between them. The field spreads out in a sphere, but gets weaker the farther it spreads, except when it meets more molecules, which causes it to start over. Essentially, the bigger the target, the stronger the field. When the field dissipates, all that’s left of the target is a cloud of dirt. The weapon cannot be stopped by matter, only by shields.

The MDD is so powerful that it drains every bit of power the Mercury’s reactors can produce for a period of about a minute, during which the shields, life support, and all other onboard systems shut down. It is also extremely close ranged, forcing the Mercury into boarding range to fire.

The fourth, and final, weapon is the Mercury’s twin nuclear missile tubes. These are located in the center of the missile bay, and can launch up to 78-megaton warheads. There is room for only one reload for each tube, but I feel that the high-yield nuclear weapons should accomplish their jobs the first time around. After all, a 78-megaton missile generates thermal radiation up to 69.6 kilometers from the detonation site. If you want to check my statement, go to http://www.stardestroyer.net/Empire/Science/Nuke.html

All of these heavy-duty weapons would be useless against fighters or boarding craft, so 100 Point Defense Guns (PDGs) are scattered across the hull. Each PDG consists of three miniature Lance Cannons (known as lasers to the layman), with a sophisticated Targeting, Tracking, and Termination (T3) computer to back them up.

Because there are so few PDGs (at least, compared to other Einhauserian ships), boarding parties from enemy ships are a real threat. To counter this problem, pop-up turrets line the floor, ceiling, and walls of nearly every passage and room. A separate computer located in the bridge, which is not accessible by anyone but the captain and chief weapons officer, controls these. The guns will quickly eliminate even armored foes with the heavy-duty weapons they pack, including plasma-throwers, Heavy Pulsers, and various types of grenade launchers. Now, all of this firepower flying around inside the ship is generally a bad idea, which is why the corridors are armored (see chapter three for more information).

Of course, it would not be good if the turrets opened fire on just anyone, so a system has been set up to let the guns discriminate between targets. When a person steps aboard the ship, he or she (or it, depending on your species) is issued an identification card (this card is automatically built into the armor that Einhauserian marines wear) that carries a sample of their DNA, an individual barcode, and a tracking device. The sensors attached to the turrets scan for the card, and if it is not present or is in the wrong area, they open fire.

When the Mercury was being designed, one of our enginseers realized that this class, with its powerful hull, cloaking system, and extensive anti-intruder system, would make an ideal light vessel for use by various intelligence agencies and Special Forces. Once this capability was fully recognized, an orbital drop pod launch system was installed, allowing the Mercury to sneak up to a planet, launch the commando-filled drop pods behind enemy lines, and retreat out-system.

Eclipse-class Star Destroyer

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Model: Eclipse-class Star Destroyer

Manufacturer: Kuat Drive Yards

Designation: Super-Heavy Command Ship

Length: 16,000 meters (Prototype Lenght: 17,500 meters)

Crew: 712,645

Troops: 150,000

Cargo Capacity: 600,000 metric tons

Consumables: 10 years

Hyperdrive Multiplier: x2 (Class 2 Hyperdrive)

Hyperdrive Backup: x6 (Class 6 Hyperdrive)

Speed: 6 MGLT

Hull: 77,710 RU

Shields: 136,000 SBD

Special Features: Ten gravity-well projectors and one planet-annihilating "superlaser" with a firing range of 31,375,000 km

Weapons: 550 heavy turbolaser batteries, 500 heavy laser cannons, 75 ion cannons, 100 tractor-beam projectors, 10 gravity-well projectors, and 1 superlaser

Onboard Craft: 192 TIE Defenders, 72 TIE Fighters, 72 TIE Interceptors, 48 TIE Phantoms, 60 TIE Scimitars, 72 I-7 Howlrunners, 108 Gamma-class XM-1 Missile Boats, 400 assorted transports

Chaos Experiment Lord of Creation-class Superdreadnaught

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Proportions:
Overall Length: 80 miles or 128 kilometers (at longest point)
Overall Width: 19.5 miles or 32 kilometers (at widest point)
Overall Depth: 5 miles or 8 kilometers (at deepest point)

Armor:
Average Armor Thickness: 40 meters of hyperfilament-titanium alloy (RHA value of 400 meters)
Superstructure Armor Thickness: 50 meters of hyperfilament-titanium alloy (RHA value of 500 meters)
Main Gun Armor Thickness: 35 meters of hyperfilament-titanium alloy (RHA value of 350 meters)

[All of the above armor figures are Halberdgardian modifications.]

Propulsion:
Main Drive Bank: 1 magnetically-buffered antimatter/matter reaction nozzle
Secondary Drive Banks: 2 magnetically-buffered antimatter/matter reaction nozzles
Maneuvering Banks: 100,000 magnetically-buffered antimatter/matter burst jets (spread in banks of four throughout the ship's hull)

Moving something this amazingly large requires a LOT of energy. Ergo, each engine has its own power-system completely independent of the main ship's supply and the other engines. They can, however, be re-routed to feed off of the main power system during non-combat situations when power is not needed for weapons and shields.

FTL Propulsion:
Main FTL Drive: Wormhole generator
Backup FTL Drive: Class 2 Hyperdrive

Armament:
1 Solenoid Magnetic Acceleration Cannon (SMAC or Smack Gun)
5,000 Van de Graaff Electromagnetic Cannons (VeGEC or Graaf Cannon)
2,000 High Energy Particle Acceleration Cannons (HEPAC or Pack Cannon)
1,500 Direct Launch Missile Cells (DLC)
10,000 Point Defense Plasma Cloud-Charge Launchers (PCCL or Pixel Launcher)
5,000 heavy turbolaser cannons
5,000 heavy laser cannons

While the armament of this vessel doesn't show as much diversity as is seen in various smaller ships of different origin, one might not find such variety necessary when one sees the sheer power and tactical usefulness of each weapon system.

Power Generation:
1 Casimir Zero Point Field Energy Generation System
10 Antimatter/Matter Reactor
500 high-capacity niling d-sinks [Halberdgardian modification; backup power supply]

Arguably the most advanced piece of technology on the class, this system allows limitless power to be harvested from space itself. While the actual energy per second is limited, no fuel is needed and the system can run indefinitely. The generators for the ship's drive systems can also be plugged back through into its other systems.

Shielding:
40 Independent Magnetic Force Wire Shielding
80 Null Field Generators

While the general idea behind shielding for most designers is to have shields that will stop any punishment the hull of a ship will take, the Lord of Creation takes a different path. Utilizing simple but immensely powerful magnetic fields generated by a moving current through wire systems spread throughout the entire ship, weaponry of all types are slowed as they enter the field proper increasingly, according the inverse square principle, until they impact the armored hull at a tiny fraction of a tiny fraction of their initial velocity. Energy weaponry and explosive tipped warheads are of no more threat due to seperate solutions, energy weaponry being canceled by a nullification field around the ship that is able to accomplish much the same effect on the energy content of a particle beam/etc as the magnetic shielding by expanding an additional spatial dimension around the ship, creating an energy sink. Explosive weaponry is easily defeated by a combination of the magnetic shielding and the null fields.

Now that you have the basics, the nitty-gritty of the technology involved must be explained. Most of what has gone into this ship is at least feasibly possible either now or within the century. That which isn't is mostly based in modern physics and is possible on a theoretical level.

Additional Notes on Propulsion

Basic, right? Everyone and thier mother uses AM/M for power generation and these are no different. The anti-matter/matter reactors create the power and are used to propel matter recoved from the vacuum out of magnetic baffles that can direct the stream. One application of Newton's third law later, you get an impulse.

The pulse jets that are used for maneuvering work by the same principle, they just share AM/M power generators instead of having their own. The baffles allow for multi-directional firing and the sheer number of jets give the ship maneuverability you'd only expect on a ship a tiny fraction of its size.

Additional Notes on Armament

The main weapon, the granddaddy of them all, is a cannon that launches kilometer-long projectiles at up to .9 the speed of light. It uses a series of massive superconducting coils of wire to accelerate the projectile. These coils are known as solenoids. The coil is turned on, so the round is pulled towards the middle of the coil, and when it reaches the middle, the coil is turned off and the next on in the series is turned on. On and on for a total of an 18.5 mile-long barrel, accelerating half the time. Since the total acceleration process is accomplished in a matter of .001 seconds, a 809,554,276,666-kilogram projectile, as is standard on the Lord of Creation, can deliver over 22 exatons of force, that is, 22 x 10^18 tons of force. There is a magazine of 300 of these projectiles and the weapon can be fired twice in three minutes.

The Van de Graaf Electromagnetic Cannon is a weapon we could very well use for space combat today. It uses a very advanced Van de Graaf Generator half submerged in the ship's armor belt that is charged by a particle stream capable of bringing a single generator to full capacity in 6 seconds. Since the vacuum of space prevents the weapon from being discharged unless the weapons officer wants to, charges can be maintained indefinitely. A small turret fires a stream of ions from the base of the generator to whatever the target is. Once the connection is made, the generator automatically discharges its capacitance. This weapon has a variable yield, with the smaller yields being able to fire faster. Maximum capacitance allows for the discharging of a bolt with total force of 500 gigatons.

The High Energy particle Acceleration Cannon uses magnetic fields to hypercondense a certain amount of energy forming a very unstable article of matter. This matter is accelerated using basic SMAC technology at whatever target the weapons officer choses. This weapon is generally used as a point defense weapon.

Direct Launch Missile Cells are 15 tube cells that use hydrolics to move a tube above the field of the cell and rotate it in a 180 by 180 degree arc so it can fire a missile straight at whatever target it might have. The tubes are small enough that every other tube can be used in this way at the same time in a given cell. The tubes then return to their resting position for reloading.

Plasma Cloud-Charge Launchers are simply hardpoints on the hull of the ship that launch small explosive charges that contain a magnetic bottle with a patch of hypercondensed plasma within it. When the explosive goes off, the bottle is destroyed and a cloud of superhot plasma forms. This works to both trap energy beams and to destroy things such a missiles and small or medium fighters.

Additional Notes on Power Generation

The zero point field. A cup of space could boil all the oceans on the Earth. Just imagine what miles of the stuff could do. That's what the Casimir Energy Generation System is. It utylizes the attraction between two uncharged plate due to the fluctuations in their magnetic fields to generate immense amounts of power indefinitely. While even a very large plate is limited in its energy per second abilities, the fact that a generator can be put under the deck plates of every level in the Lord of Creation, already a massive ship, gives an immense amount of power for the ship to work with.

Additional Notes on Shielding

The Magnetic Force Wire Shielding system uses 40 seperate webs of superconducting wire to create powerful magnetic fields that will slow incoming projectiles according to the inverse square law. There are many seperate webs so that destroying one line will not cut the whole system off.

The Null Field works on the same principle as the hyperdrive, but it doesn't use quite as much power. It only requires an investment when it is intially brought up and, since it hugs the hull of the ship, it does not effect the performance of one's own weaponry. It uses energy bleed-off into a fourth spatial dimension and the ship's lack of a fourth dimensional extent to extensivily lower the power of any energy weaponry brought to bear on the Lord of Creation. The ship's armor then takes care of the feeble energy left.

Additional Notes on Miscellaneous Features

It also has a lot of cool, misc type technologies, such as my personal navigational system, the globular holopad, the long distance command hologram projector and creator, SAAD instantenous communication devices, quantum computers, and GAD sensors.

The Globular Holopad is a simple device that makes navigation in space just as simple. Any three numbers can describe any vector and speed in a three dimensional space battlefield. The system itself is a holographic projection of two circles that bisect each other. Each circle is split into 360 degrees which are further split into micro-degrees. The first number input designates a degree point on the horizontal circle, which aligns the ship's vector arrow with that point. The second number designates a point on the vertical circle, which tilts the entire horizontal circle to be in alignment with this point, bringing the vector arrow with it. The third number designates the ship's speed.

The long distance command hologram projector and creator are actually two seperate technologies that work together to allow ship's captains to command their ship as if they were there in person without actually having to be there in person, should the need arise. It also allows fleet officers to take command of a ship should the need arise. The first technology is the creator, which is basically just a small depression in the floor of a ship's bridge paired with a projection in the ceiling just above it. The projection emits a beam of coherent light that flows over any object in the floor depression. This creates a three dimensional copy of the object digitally. This is sent to any ship that the creator is connected with and fed through the hologram projectors on the bridge. There are many that allow the hologram created of the object to wander the bridge of the ship it is transmitting to at will without distortion. A beneficial side-effect is that all the matter and quanta that interact with the hologram can be transmitted back to the creator, allowing the object to "see" the bridge it is transmitted to.

SAAD instantaneous communications devices utylize Bell's Theorum to link two particles together and use this to transmit a binary code anywhere they are linked to instantaneously. A cloud of these particles can transmit an entire complex computer program very quickly

A quantum computer makes use of the particular properties of quantum sized particles to create superpositions of the standard binary machine language understood by computers everywhere. This system allows for processers thousands of times faster than silicon chips.

GADs are Gravimetric Anamoly Detectors that peek into the space-time curve to see distortions in the local field caused by gravity.

TIE Defender Space Superiority Starfighter

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Model: TIE/df Fighter

Manufacturer: Sienar Fleet Systems

Designation: Space Superiority Starfighter

Length: 9.2 meters

Crew: 1

Cargo Capacity: 100 kilograms

Consumables: 1 week

Hyperdrive Multiplier: x1 (Class 1 Hyperdrive)

Speed: 144 MGLT

Hull: 14 RU

Shields: 100 SBD

Weapons: 4 laser cannons, 2 ion cannons and 2 general-purpose missile launchers

TIE Fighter

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Model: TIE Fighter

Manufacturer: Sienar Fleet Systems

Designation: Short Range Fighter

Length: 6.3 meters

Crew: 1

Cargo Capacity: 65 kilograms

Consumables: 2 days

Speed: 95 MGLT

Hull: 9 RU

Weapons: 2 laser cannons

TIE Interceptor

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Model: TIE/in Fighter

Manufacturer: Sienar Fleet Systems

Designation: Short Range Superiority Fighter

Length: 6.6 meters

Crew: 1

Cargo Capacity: 75 kilograms

Consumables: 2 days

Speed: 111 MGLT

Hull: 16 RU

Weapons: 4 laser cannons

TIE Phantom

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Model: TIE/phn Fighter

Manufacturer: Sienar Fleet Systems/Imperial Department of Military Research

Designation: Space Superiority Assault Fighter

Length: 14.3 meters

Crew: 2

Cargo Capacity: 1 metric ton

Consumables: 1 week

Hyperdrive Multiplier: x1 (Class 1 Hyperdrive)

Speed: 145 MGLT

Hull: 20 RU

Shields: 80 SBD

Special Features: Imperial cloaking device

Weapons: 2 laser cannons

TIE Scimitar

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Model: Scimitar Assault Bomber

Manufacturer: Sienar Fleet Systems

Designation: Heavy Short Range Assault Bomber

Length: 13.8 meters

Crew: 2

Cargo Capacity: 200 kilograms

Consumables: 2 days

Speed: 90 MGLT

Hull: 34 RU

Shields: 30 SBD

Weapons: 2 laser cannons, 2 concussion missile launchers (8 warheads each), and 1 proton torpedo, orbital mine or thermal detonator launcher

Model-G Infantry Armor

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Model-G Augury-class Personal Defense System

The Model G Augury armorsuit is generously equipped and designed for survival and victory. Ideal for any type of soldier in a combat zone, even support and logistical staff, it is perhaps the most adaptable armor ever produced and considerably increases the wearer’s chances of survival in battle. Here are some of the technologies the Augury employs.

Dyneema Repulsion Armor: One of the most noticeable features of Model G armor, in a combat situation, is its unique defenses, some of the most advanced ever produced. This is done by a system called Dyneema/Magnetic Repulsion. Though advanced, reinforced Dyneema alloy, a synthetic fiber three times stronger than Kevlar, covers most of the body, D/MR goes much deeper than that. Embedded into the armor in strategic locations are miniature motion sensors. When a soldier enters a battle and the D/MR system is switched on, the sensors activate and constantly scan the immediately area of the soldier for any extremely fast-moving objects, namely, bullets. If a sensor detects incoming fire in the vicinity, it instantly relays an electric signal to an electromagnet also affixed underneath the armor. The extremely strong magnet activates for a fraction of a second, magnetically repelling all metal objects near it. Though this is not enough to stop most bullets, it will slow them considerably- small-arms fire will simply bounce off the Dyneema. This creates an effective shield from most bullets and small bits of shrapnel. There are downsides- armor-piercing bullets, large pieces of shrapnel, or other fast-moving or large objects won’t be affected enough by the magnetism to effectively protect against them, though the Dyneema ensures they will do minimal damage. In addition, if a soldier is holding his weapon loosely or at an odd angle when a bullet is repulsed, the magnetic burst can knock his gun out of his hands, though it may save his life. For this reason, the D/MR system can be turned off if commanders deem that the appropriate course of action.

Heads-Up Computer Display: Embedded inside the back of the Model G helmet is a personal computer that has a variety of functions, all either voice-controlled, for combat situations, or controlled with a wireless trackball. Soldiers can activate night and thermal vision, or receive mission updates from their commanders in combat. Out of combat, they can contact others, read the news, browse the Internet, or simply play solitaire or a host of other games wirelessly with nearby soldiers to pass the time, helping to boost soldier morale. Any of these functions, of course, can be deactivated by commanding officers. The entire system is water-cooled, reducing heat signature.

Dynamic Camouflage: For most of the history of warfare, camouflage, when it is employed, has been static and unchanging, not at all adaptable. Those days are over. Layered on top of the Kevlar on all Model G armor is flexible LCD screening which molds to the armor. The in-helmet heads-up computer can be used to project image textures into the LCD screens, thus creating constantly-adapting camouflage. But that’s not all. Hoth Manufacturing engineers have taken LCD camouflage to the next level by including a wrist-mounted digital camera built into the armor. A soldier can snap pictures of forest foliage, a snowbank, even an urban wall, and upload them into their computers, where they are automatically duplicated and melded together to create a texture, which can then be projected on the LCD screens. Soldiers will always have tailor-made camouflage that matches their environment. Since soldiers in combat situations will also be taking fire that will undoubtably damage the LCD material, it has been separated into 24 segments designed to be modular and easily replaced. Each armorsuit comes with one replacement for each limb segment, and two for each torso and helmet segment. Additional segments can also be ordered.

Suit Recharge Sockets and MMPTR: The Augury has two suit recharge sockets on each upper leg, as it runs on electricity. Battery life has been enhanced to the highest possible caliber, and the batteries built into the back of the torso armor last for twenty-four hours with LCD camouflage active and computer running, but up to a month at minimum power. To recharge the armor, a soldier can simply use the four cables (included with each set) to plug it in to a standard US power socket, or attach a MMPTR, or Mobile Microwave Power Transmission Reciever. Using this device in conjunction with a satellite- or ground-based transmission system, the suit can receive microwave power, especially useful for special forces or units trapped behind enemy lines. However, due to the limitations of a microwave receiver of the MMPTR’s size, the power system uses more power than the microwave can supply, and the armor system can only last about six months with no socket recharge, even if a constant microwave feed is supplying it.

Pheromone Emitter: Pheromones are a type of scent emitted by most animals as a means of communication. In some types of bees, it is the primary means, but in humans, it is far more subtle. The human pheromone androstenone is one normally used by males to subliminally assert dominance over others of the species; it denotes the ‘alpha male’. Built into the Model G armor is a pheromone emitter that secretes concentrated amounts of androstenone. Effects on enemy combatants include headaches, fear, and intimidation, thus making the solder equipped with the Model G armor more threatening. In some cases, however, particularly where the wearer is in a weaker position, this can have a reverse effect, causing the enemy to unconsciously read the aggression as competition, and become more aggressive himself. For this reason, it is not advised to use the pheromone emitter while on patrol, defending structures, or otherwise at a noticeable disadvantage. To protect your soldiers from each others’ effects, the helmets include filters that neutralize androstenone.

Alternate MT Sets:

(OOC: Though designed for PMT, Model G armor can be used in MT, as all technologies described are based on real technologies and actually feasible. However, some aspects of the armor are based around components visualized but not yet constructed in the modern age. As such, modern tech nations can buy a MT variant of Model G armor called Model G/MT, which is similar to normal Model G with the exceptions of the wrist digital camera, flexible LCD screening, and MMPTR, which have been removed. Due to higher costs of building other components in the modern age, Model G/MT armor is priced the same as normal Model G. The prices are listed below.)

Samson Battle Suit

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[Abstract]
The Empire has never been a fan of battlesuits, but with the advent of New Empire's new M193 Orc Powered Battledress, and the already existant battle suits under the employment of Nanosoft and Greater Deustchland, it became largely imperative that the Empire also began its own research and design in the area. Consequently, around the year 2011 Jonach I placed two trillion Reichmarks into the research into a project dubbed Samson.

The end product was the BDU-64 , codenamed Samson after the project title. It incorporates some of the best technology yet developed by scientist around the world, making amongst one of the best battle suits in the field.

The Empire is expected to order enough for its mechanized infantry, although perhaps not for the standard infantry until far later. Production is expected to begin at five hundred thousand suits a month, and maximize at two million per month in about eight months, although said activity will require much money into the expansion of the current industry, although there is room for said expansion.

Regardless, the Samson is expected to have much success on the field of battle, for any country, and is a highly suggested piece of material for any importer of military hardware to consider.

[[B]Armor]
The core of the armor relies on a new type of armor called Dragon Skin [SOV-2000], developed by Pinnacle Armor. The SOV-2000 will defeat a 7.62 x 39mm round travelling at up to two thousand seven hundred feet per second. Moreover, it is the only armor only with level III ballistic charactiristics that is flexible enough to wrap around the whole torso area that "move when you move". No more restricted movements when rappelling, fast roping, diving, entry work, sky diving or other rigorous activities. The concept is very similar to that of the suit of armor on a knight - although protective, it did not really restrict movement or speed. The thickness of the layer of Dragon Skin varies from .796" to .858" from place to place. It is also quite light, being one of the lightest body armor in existance.

The armor also includes a layering of liquid body armor, which has been proven to block stabs, as well as shrapnel and low intensity bullets. The liquid body armor would be applied to reinforce the strength of the Dragon Skin, as well as be used in locations not covered by the Dragon Skin because the suit needs to stay flexible. It works through hard particles suspended in a liquid, or polyethylene glycol. At low strain rates, the particles flow with the fluid, enabling clothing to stay flexible. But when heavily strained, the particles become rigid. The transition happens very quickly, a millisecond or quicker.

The battlesuit also uses the concept of an exo-skeleton, although not the range of other battlesuits. The exoskeleton reverted to has been that sold throughout Japan for civilian use. It's designed to be able to allow the human body to do much more than it could do, such as carry heavier loads and weapons - in effect, the battle suit.

Finally, there is an overarching attempt to provide adaptive camouflage. The basic overall function of an adaptive camouflage system would be to project, on the near side of an object, the scene from the far side of the object. A typical adaptive camouflage system would likely include a network of flexible electronic flat-panel display units arrayed in the form of a blanket that would cover all observable surfaces of an object that one seeks to cloak. Each display panel would contain an active-pixel sensor (APS) [or possibly another advanced image sensor] that would look outward from the panel through an aperture that would occupy only a small fraction of the area of the panel.

The blanket would also contain a wiring harness that would include a cross-connected fiber-optic network, through which the image from each APS would be transferred to a complementary display panel on the opposite side of the cloaked object.

The positions and orientations of all the image sensors would be slaved to the position and orientation of one image sensor that would be designated a master imager. The orientations would be determined by a levelling instrument sensed by the master imager. A central controller connected to an external light meter would automatically adjust the brightness levels of all the display panels to make them conform to the to ambient lighting conditions.

The underside of the cloaked object would be illuminated artificially so that the display from the top of the cloaked object would show the ground as though in ambient light; if this were not done, then an obvious shadow-induced discontinuity would be seen by an observer looking down from above.

The display panels could be sized and configured so that a common inventory of such panels could be used to cloak a variety of objects, without need to modify the objects. Sizes and weights of representative adaptive camouflage systems and subsystems have been estimated: The volume of a typical image sensor would be less than about 1 in.3 ( 16 cm3).

[Power]
The Samson is powered through a motor generator running through two hydrogen fuel cell stacks, weighing just about fifteen pounds. The fuel stacks are wired throughout the suit using ultra light weight ceramic super conductors, providing the suit with a zero percent energy transfer loss in heat and friction, making the power one hundred percent effective.

The suit is expected to have a life of twenty-four hours before the fuel stacks have to be refueled. This comes through the effectiveness of power distribution and the fact that not much power is needed for each operation, especially since soldiers do not always need to use combat operation battle suits.

In order to refuel the combatsuit it has to be fully disengaged from the body of the soldier.

[Systems]
For basic manuevering operations the Samson uses a central computing system in the armored pack, provided on the soldier's back. It's adress bus and CPU provide the orders, much like the brain of a human, for the movement of the battledress. Furthermore, neural inserts allow the human brain and the computer to 'intertwine', which means that the suit is commanded by the human brain.

The helmet includes a HUD system, which provides the user with targetting information, including wind velocity and such, making shots much more accurate and much faster. Moreover, it also decreases from friendly fire as the battle suit incorporates the IFF technology. A small transponder on the inside part of the right leg of the soldier provides a signal from suit to suit, which is changed every day for security purposes, and in that method a soldier can tell friendly from foe in a matter of microseconds. Additionally, there is a throat-mic for subvocal communications, further enhancing the stealth characteristics of the soldier using the suit. Primary subvocal communications are routed through encrypted tight-band radio, with a line-of-sight laser communication system for back-up use.

The central CPU also commands, although not through the human brain, a liquid nitrogen injector to cool the suit at all times. In case the injectors fail at any time there are ten small fans distributed around the suit to provide for emergency cooling, giving the soldier the time to turn off the suit, disengage from it, and turn it in for maintenance.

[NBC Protection]
Nuclear/Biological/Chemical protection comes in the form of the face mask, which provides general and simple NBC protection measures, as well as overpressure charactiristics within the battlesuit. Moreover, there is individual cooling using air-cooled overalls or vests, underneath the battle suit. The air-conditioners are designed to provide optimal cooling performance in worldwide operational conditions in accordance with NATO STANAG 2895 requirements.

Scorpion Light Attack Dune Buggy

In the desert or any other flatland-like environment, speed and firepower dominate. That is where this vehicle comes into play. Small, light, fast, agile, yet powerful, a well-organized assault using these can send the enemy into confusion and disarray.

Crew: 2
Small, light aluminum alloy frame
Open roof
Powerful Sung Industries diesel engine
Passenger controls rear-mounted weapon
Can mount dual 7.62mm mounted MGs (400 round box-fed) OR .50 cal mounted MG (250 round box-fed) OR "Beckman" rocket launcher (12 small 40 mm rockets are fired from the rear) OR 2 ATGMs OR no weapon, 2 rear facing seats.

Hidden Weapons Platform Truck (HWPT)

Recognizing that smaller countries have to resort to new tactics because of an imperial aggressor's superiority, we've devised a sneaky way to deploy weapons. An altered off-the-shelf Isuzu truck, it is modified to hold a variety of weapons. Unless it is the IFV version, when it fires, the exterior opens up to allow munitions to fly free.

30mm boronated steel armor with Kevlar padding and bullet-resistant glass

Can mount the following weapons:

Anti-shipping variant: 2 Exocet anti-shipping missiles mounted underneath the exterior
IFV variant: rear is armoured like the front, and mounted on a series of levers are mounted 12.7mm MGs, 4 per truck, firing through a small flap on the outside
AT-14 Kornet Anti-Tank Guided Missile variant: mounted on a control pod, riding a laser beam to the target, can also be used to engage helicoptors
2 Tomahawks SSM
1 88mm Anti-Aircraft Artillery Gun/Light Artillery
AA variant: a TELAR system from an SA-8 has been stripped and now the missiles are carried internally before firing, passenger controls target acquisition
Suicide variant: truck is filled with 120 kilos of C4, remotely-controlled by the driver

[NOTE: This unit has been phased out of the Halberdgardian military.]

T-125 "Proletariat" Main Battle Tank



Description: The T-125 “Proletariat” Main Battle Tank is the supreme example of the art of the main battle tank. The T-125 was designed not only to destroy every vehicle enemy nations could throw at it, but to allow rapid control and mastery of the battlefield over a wide range of conditions. The T-125 features lethal armaments, a powerful engine, very strong armor and the processing ability to make it all work.

Engine: The engine is a turbocharged Pwnage diesel-electric hybrid turbine making 4100hp. The engine can be set to run in many different ways. The primary method of operation is that only part of the of diesel runs when the tank is maintaining a constant velocity, while another part charges the batteries. When the tank is accelerating or needs to get somewhere fast, both the batteries and the diesel are engaged at once. Also, only the batteries can be engaged. While battery only drive is engaged the tank is completely silent. Operation modes can be chosen by the driver digitally (assuming it’s not done automatically) or manually, in case the digital option fails. The transmission is an electrostatic one controlled by electric motors and given input by digital sensors. In the (rare) case of failure, a backup manual transmission is available. The entire engine system is cooled by several efficient heat sinks and a liquid cooled radiator with a self sealing tank (to prevent liquid spillage) and is cordoned off from the rest of the tank by armored bulkheads that prevent fuel/engine explosions from killing the crew. It is also noted that the engine is as reliable as the engine on an average Toyota and requires shockingly little maintenance.

Armor: The T-125’s armor is nearly impenetrable. It stops every type of round imaginable, from KE rounds, to HEAT rounds, to artillery rounds, to MRLS cluster sub-munitions etc. Also, it’s psychologically satisfying to serve in a tank designed with the safety of the crew specifically in mind. First, the heavily sloped and curved shape of the tank itself makes it more difficult for rounds to penetrate and increases the effectiveness of whatever armor is on it. The first layer of armor is the optional ASLERA-III reactive armor system. When a round comes near, an explosive in the A-SLERA III system propels a mushroom shaped tungsten projectile at the threat, knocking it to the side. The ASLERA-III can also be manually activated to clear out hostile infantry attempting to close in. The ASLERA-III can be disabled internally to prevent nearby infantry from being killed. The second layer of armor is a layer of electrically conductive composite plastic with many smaller plates beneath that. When a threat comes in, the bottom plate routes an electrical charge through the top plate, vaporizing any incoming HEAT rounds and small arms rounds. The third layer consists of a buckyball matrix laminate. The laminate is made of thin sheets of buckyball matrixes bonded to thin sheets of NiAl. The NiAl binds the buckyball matrix along the points of cleavage in the buckyball matrix, thus preventing the matrix from shattering when it takes hits. The 4th layer of armor is an extremely viscous fluid held by a self sealing membrane. The fluid absorbs the kinetic energy of weapons. The liquid can gel to extreme hardness when exposed to electricity (supplied as a byproduct of the electrical reactive armor) and then begin to flow again after about 10-12 seconds after the shock is applied. Below that is a titanium/tungsten honeycomb matrix to further absorb impact, and a thick sheet of boronated plasti-steel to absorb radiation. The final layer is a layer of thick spectra/fracture proof polymer resin sheeting on the inside to prevent internal armor from fracturing and flying around. Also, the polymer resin has the added bonus of absorbing many different kinds of radar. The optional ARENA-II hard-kill system can be installed. The hardkill system consists of tungsten flechettes that are propelled outwards by a small explosion. The system can be internally disabled to prevent infantry kills. The flechettes themselves are loaded with a proximity explosive that detonates the warhead and/or fuel reserves of incoming missiles.

Other Protection Systems:
Ground Mapping System: A ground mapping system uses LIDAR, MAD and electrical discharge sensors maps out bumps in the surface of the ground and slightly below ground in order to detect anti-tank landmines and other traps.
Laser Detection System: A laser warning system is mounted on the tank. When the system detects a hostile laser signature, the system calculates the point of origin of the hostile laser and directs the laser rangefinder scrambling system towards that point.
Radar Detection System: Standard radar detection system that detects the location of hostile radar signatures.
Leadcatcher Munitions Detonation System: A microwave powered device destroys the fuse devices of incoming missiles and artillery shells causing them to prematurely detonate. This system is linked up to the CIWS minigun rig of the tank. As an added bonus, the microwave system can set off explosives on infantry carrying grenades, or blow up suicide bombers prematurely.
Long range anti-tank disruption grenades: The grenade launchers on the tank are connected to all the warning and sensor systems. When the systems detect hostiles, grenades, such as smoke grenades, flashbangs, thermite grenades etc. are fired at the hostiles when the hostiles get within range or simply to mask the presence of the tank.

Main Armaments:
Now what is a tank without armaments? It would be some sort of over-armored dump truck, that’s what. The T-125’s main armament is the lethal, battle-tested PwnageOrdnance 135mm high-velocity electro-thermal rail-assisted cannon (ETRAC). The cannon operates through an electro-thermal reaction in which a burst of electricity converts a shell propellant into plasma. The propellant dramatically increases in volume and pushes the shell out of the chamber. The shell is then further assisted by 2 electrified rails built into the side of the barrel that act as a rather low power rail gun, boosting the velocity of the shell even further. To power all this, a large compulsator converts waste heat and energy from the engine and battery system into electricity. A feature of the gun is that the amount of electricity running through the weapon, and consequently the muzzle velocity, is altered. The amount of electricity used can be customized by the gunner according the threat level of the target involved. Shooting a civilian idly walking down the street doesn’t require much electricity, so why waste it? The principle of reduced electrical charge works the opposite way as well. The muzzle velocity of the shell can be dramatically increased by increasing the amount of electricity running through the gun system. Although this increases the power of the shot, it drains the stored power in the compulsator faster and if overused, may begin to drain power directly from the engine batteries, potentially affecting movement speed. The gun is also carefully calibrated to ensure maximum muzzle velocity for a given amount of power used. In addition, r-ring systems and mini-McPherson struts, as well as a muzzle brake on the barrel, reduce weapon recoil. Ammunition is stored in a cellular storage ammunition system that reduces the damage ammo explosions do by venting explosions away from the crew and the vital systems. Also, the ammunition is separated from the crew by a pair of quick shutting miniature blast doors that cordons off the ammunition systems from the crew cabin.

The Ammo:

Kinetic Kill Sabot: Standard KE round, but with a synthetic diamond tip (pre-broken along the lines of cleavage.) The synthetic diamond tip will smash through almost every form of armor and still make a kill.
Subcaliber Kinetic Kill Sabot: A 90mm round’s KE sabot with a 135mm ET cannon’s propellant. Think of the insane speed this KE round is going at. Synthetic diamond tipped as well.
High Explosive: A high explosive shell for anti-building work and urban combat.
High Explosive Bunker Penetrating: A bunker penetrating round that can penetrate almost 10 feet of concrete and still kill the occupants inside.
High Explosive Fragmentation: Useful against low flying aircraft and infantry.
High Explosive Cluster Incendiary: Many small pellets of phosphorous and thermite are packed tightly around an ONC explosive. When the explosive goes off, the phosphorous and thermite are heated up and then fly around all over the place setting things on fire.
High Explosive Anti-Tank: A high explosive anti-tank round utilizing a dual stage warhead to defeat reactive armor. The shaped charge can also be proxy detonated to kill buildings and low flying aircraft.
Tactical Nuke Shell: Yup, just that. Makes a BIIIIG boom.

The Autoloader:
The autoloading system is a fairly simple belt feed mechanism with a variable drive extractor arm that rams shells into the breech. It allows for a fire rate of around 30 rounds per minute, give or take allowing for how much charge is put into each individual shell fired. If the autoloading mechanism fails, the gunner can manually load rounds into the gun’s breech.

The Turret:
The turret uses a much more powerful turntable set with a rapid response turning mechanism that rotates quickly to the desired position. Also, very minute adjustments are possible for work that requires extreme accuracy. (Need to put a KE penetrator through a box of matches at 1000m?)

Secondary Armaments:
The secondary armaments on the T-125 are second to none. That being said, the primary secondary armaments on the T-125 are the two missile pods mounted on the side of the tank. The missile pods can hold 8 missiles each, either SAMs for shooting down helicopters or ATGMs for destroying enemy tanks. The tubes in the missile pods can launch any missiles that can fit into them, so it’s a simple matter of loading the tubes and firing. The tank also mounts a coaxial 18mm machinegun, optional 25mm topside cannon/40mm GMG in an enclosed turret bubble (complete with its own sensor suite), a rear facing 8x60mm machinegun and two 8x60mm tank CIWS miniguns. Now most of the machineguns/cannon are straightforward in design and purpose and do not require any further explanation, however, the CIWS guns do require some background information regarding their operation. The CIWS guns are mounted on robotic arms attached to the top of the turret. The robotic arms can fold flat to the top of the turret case visual signature needs to be reduced. The CIWS guns are equipped with their own integrated LADAR/LIDAR and search/track radars. The guns can be set to track both hostile projectiles and/or hostile enemy soldiers. Each gun carries a 1,000 round cassette which can be reloaded internally when the guns fold into the 0 degree position (flat against the tank). The CIWS guns can also lay down suppressive fire after calculating point of launch, although this is a rather useless feature as most ATGM teams move away from the point of launch after firing their weapons. The rear of the turret can also support a small rack of rockets/grenades that fire backwards to discourage infantry/partisans from throwing Molotov cocktails into the engine hatch. In addition, the tank mounts four 16-shot 40mm long range grenade launchers that discharge all sorts of grenades. The grenade launchers can be easily reloaded from the inside. The final weapon in the secondary armaments suite is a high powered chemical laser used to fry infantry at several hundred meters (think the Zeus anti-landmine system). The system is located next to the microwave anti-munitions system. The laser can act in conjunction with the laser warning system as well to disable enemy laser rangefinders and/or damage the eyesight of enemy gunners.

Internal Design:
Internal design is such that everything is in easy sight and reach for the crew members. All the sensors have their information compiled into a single, easy to access HUD system by the main computer. Also all relevant and major controls require minimum arm movement to reach and are easily distinguishable from each other to prevent mistakes from being made. In terms of internal comfort, the turret and driving space are quite roomy, the seats comfortable, and heat and air conditioning are provided, as well as quadruple layered air purification systems to prevent nasty things like poisonous gas and bioengineered super viruses from getting to the crew as well as dehumidifying the air. The tank has optional water purification system and a chemical toilet (try not have soldiers of different gender in the same tank for this one) in the case that the crew is far from base and has to perform a mission of a time duration longer than normal. A 30,000-watt sound system can be installed for the entertainment of the crew; this is especially useful during boring military parades and long waits during ambushes. The speakers can be repositioned on the exterior of the tank just in case the members of the unit the tank belongs to decides to hold Woodstock ’09 spontaneously or something. The HUD screens in the tank can also be used to play DVDs or computer games as well.

Sensor Systems:

Radar systems:

Search Radar: Search radar that does a 360 degree scan of the surrounding area every 1/3rd of a second. The search radar can find low profile or airborne targets as well as tanks.
Track Radar: A track radar tracks enemies in a 270 degree arc in front of and to the sides of the tank. Another device tracks enemies to the rear of the tank.
Millimetric Wave Radar: High powered millimetric wave radar used as a radar rangefinder.
Search LADAR: Search LADAR is a LADAR system that performs a 360 degree scan every 1/3rd of a second.
Tracking LADAR: See track radar
LIDAR high powered range finder: A very high powered LIDAR range finder with a very high powered processing unit. 3 very high powered beams are fired, thus making each measurement more accurate and making the beams more difficult to scramble. Furthermore, the LIDAR system is run over the surfaces of any hostile so that the computer can make a sort of wire frame map of the hostile. This allows the gunner to find and target weak spots on hostiles, such as the space between hull and turret on a tank.
Phonon emission/detection unit: A device that fires a beam of phonons (subatomic particles that detect molecular vibration) at the enemy.
MAD: A magnetic detection system for detecting landmines and other metallic objects.
Infrared detection systems: High powered infrared systems that can detect changes in heat, even from a long distance. Works for both organic life forms and vehicular heat emissions.
Electrical Discharge Sensors: High powered long range electrical discharge sensors.
Radio Wave Sensor: Detects and tracks enemy radio waves.
Digital Cameras: Twenty-two 21-megapixel cameras lodged in armored shutters around the tank. Each camera has a digital display (can change to manual) and can zoom up to 20x.
Eye-safe Optical Sight: An optical sight with 40x zoom. Has a digital display, so the gunner won’t be blinded if a laser is shined into the lens. A backup sight is available if the first one is broken.
Motion Sensor: A rather small motion sensor to track any potential saboteurs while the tank is unguarded or if in urban combat. Tracks motion up to 150 meters.

Targeting and Input Systems:

Turret Control System: Allows the tank to fire on targets while moving and/or firing on moving targets. This is done by having the turret adjust itself constantly in order to keep track of its target.
Gun elevation system: Computes effect of gravity and wind and elevates gun accordingly.
Compilation System: Compiles information from all the sensors and feeds them to the target control system.
Target Control System: Can track up to 1000 targets at once, (because of a very powerful computing system) and rank them in order from most dangerous to least dangerous.
Fire Control System: The fire control system rapidly computes wind, distance, weather, potential air resistance, MOA, shell ballistics and the nature of the given target and makes final adjustments to the cannon before firing. The FCS can also target and fire multiple or all the weapons systems on the tank at once.
Drive imaging system: Uses the imaging systems to create a 3d wire frame map of the surrounding area. It is useful because it allows the driver to drive without opening a big hole in the glacis for enemies to shoot into.
Fire Imaging Systems: Same as above, except it can be used to target enemies as well.
Crew Compilation System: Compiles all data in an easy to process form in order for the tank crew to react more intuitively.
Communications system: Uses Wi-Fi broadband and radio to link up with other tanks, communications vehicles and central networks for more effective teamwork control and fire planning. Also can tap into the FCS and imaging systems of other vehicles in order to more effectively choose and aim at targets.

Jamming Systems:

Laser Rangefinder Scrambler: When the source of a hostile laser rangefinder is found, a counter laser is blasted into the source of the enemy’s rangefinder; the enemy computer reads this laser as a series of false returns, thus completely screwing up the enemy rangefinder.
Radar Jammer: A device that determines the frequency then jams hostile incoming enemy radar. It will not jam radar on the same frequency that allies are using.

Optical Sight Scrambler:

Masking Systems:

Infrared masking system: A series of high specific heat engine/gun liners, and excellent heat sinks reduce the infrared signature of the tank.
Radar masking system: The paint soaks up radar, as do many of the polymer resins used in the armor of the tank.
Electrical discharge masking system: A system that controls and minimizes excess electricity, while storing waste electricity and heat in extra batteries and the compulsator.

Other Protection Measures:

NBC System: Works with the air purification system to filter out anything nasty such as diseases and poison gases. Also includes the radiation shielding around the tank.
Reinforced Frame: The reinforced frame is made from heat resistant carbon fiber reinforced with nanotubing and buckyball composite at the joints.
EMP Hardening System: A protection system against EMPs that protects the engine, the core computer systems, and the drive controls against EMPs. Also, there is an emergency EMP shutoff system to prevent EMPs from destroying peripherals.
Other Notes: The tank distributes its weight so evenly that specific ground pressure per square inch is less than that a human foot creates.

Specifications:

Height: 3 m
Length: 12.8 m
Width: 5 m
Weight: 92 tons
Crew: 3 (driver, gunner, commander)
Obstacle-transversal height: 2 meters
Fording depth: 2.2 meters (without snorkel); 5.8 meters (with snorkel)
Engine: Pwnage diesel electric hybrid making 4100hp
Range: 500 miles
Top road speed: 50 mph
Top off-road speed: 39 mph

[NOTE: This unit has been phased out of the Halberdgardian military.]

Type 98XR Main Battle Tank



Description: MassPwnage needed to upgrade several thousand of its ancient Type 98s sitting around gathering dust, so that's exactly what we did. Hence this tank.

Type 98XR MBT Specifications

Crew: 3

Weight: 65 tons

Engine: 2,000 hp liquid-cooled diesel rotary engine with electric motor assist

Transmission: Electrostatic based, computer controlled

Track: Metallic, reinforced with industrial sealant, with tungsten carbide spoked wheels

Suspension: Electromagnetic-based Bose suspension

Communications: Receiver/transmitter with dial and output multi-frequency wireless broadband; laser communications

Dimensions: Length: 11.00 m; Height: 2.25 m; Width: 3.80 m

Cruising Range: 600km

Speed: Max road 72 km/h; max off-road 55 km/h; average cross-country 40 km/h; max swim 5 km/h

Fording Depths: 5 m with snorkel

Main Gun: Indigenous .52-caliber, 120-mm electrothermal cannon with new carousel-based autoloader

Rate of Fire: 14 rounds/min

Elevation/Depression: +25, -12 degrees

Auxiliary Weapons: One remote controlled turret mounted 8x60 mm minigun; 1 remote controlled turret mounted 15.5mm machinegun, 1 18x121mm coaxial machinegun, 16x internally reloadable grenade launchers.

Sensors: Eyesafe panoramic view gunner and commander optics, laser rangefinder system, infrared sights, search and track radar, 20 21.0 megapixel digital camera suite mounted around tank, 4 88 megapixel drivers digital cameras.

Fire Control: Sensor input system, onboard computer, wind sensor, and control panel.

Drive Control System: Sensor Input system, transmission and engine control, onboard drive by wire computer.

Countermeasures: Drozd-3 rocketlaunching countermeasure system, Shtora-3 IRCM Infrared Countermeasure system, Laser Rangefinder Warning Sensor/Laser Scrambler. Threat detection motion sensors.

Armor: Kaktus 6 ERA over ceramics, ELERA and a thin layer of single walled carbon nanotubes. Anti-spall liner as well.

Other Notes: Reinforced frame. EMP-hardened. Air conditioning, NBC air purification system, NBC anti-radiation system.

RS-7 "Death Adder" Air Superiority Fighter

[NOTE: This aircraft is no longer in widespread use by the Halberdgardian military. However, a small number of these aircraft are held in storage, and the plans and production rights for the aircraft are still available, should the Halberdgardian military choose to resume production.]



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Wing Span: 15.16 m / 49 ft 9 in
Length: 21.94 m / 72 ft
Height: 6.84 m / 22 ft 5 in
Empty: 12,956 kg / 28,565 lb
Fully Loaded: 28,858 kg / 63,634 lb
Maximum takeoff: 36,287 kg / 80,000 lb
Engine: Two Nexus DL-563OVT 3-D vectored-thrust supercruising turbofans, 37,500 lb thrust each
Maximum speed: Mach 2.0
Cruising speed: Mach 1.6
Range: 4,500 km / 2,796 miles
Service Ceiling: 18,288 m / 60,000 ft
Armament:
1 30mm cannon, 1,500 rpm, 250 carried rounds
Internal room for 6 missiles or 2 medium-diameter munitions
6 detachable hardpoints on the wing
2 wingtip hardpoints
Crew: 1
Sensors: FLIR; IRST; “Peeping Tom” LPI/NPI, active electronically scanned array, multimode radar; laser rangefinder.

Overview
The Death Adder is a next generation multi-role fighter. It was designed as a replacement for the F/A-18, MiG-29, and Su-27 and better alternative to the Su-37 and F/A-22. The fighter was developed out of the need for a native high performance aircraft with stealth capabilities.

Design
The Death Adder was designed for high performance in hostile environments. With this in mind, its airframe, high thrust-to-weight ratio, and 50° thrust vectoring in any direction make it one of the most maneuverable fighters in the world. The stealth capabilities of the plane also make aid it in its environment. With no 90° angles, low IR engines, RAM material use, and no gaps in the airframe this aircraft is about 92% as stealthy as the F/A-22.

Avionics
The Death Adder comes with the most up to date avionics in the industry. It has a fly-by-wire control scheme in an unusual, but surprisingly ergonomic, split control stick layout. The split control sticks are similar to the single mini-stick found on the F-16 and allow the pilot to perform high-G maneuvers while always being in the best possible position in the 30° reclined seat to take those said Gs.

Its forward and rearward “Peeping Tom” RADAR is highly advanced radar that can track up to 48 targets including missiles. Its name is a direct reference to its LPI/NPI characteristics which allows the aircraft to use it while preserving stealth. One important factor of the RADAR is its ability to defeat ARC/Radar-Decoy systems by the use of automated, high-speed frequency and cycle-rate changes, which result in the ARC system “making a mistake” and revealing the presence of an ARC-using aircraft. The radar can also focus its emissions to overload enemy sensors, giving the plane an electronic-attack capability.

The IRST is used for close range target acquisition and can be slaved to the radar to provide even more accurate mid to long range accuracy. Another useful feature is that the 30mm automatic cannon can be slaved to the IRST and laser rangefinder. This allows even more accurate fire than radar-slaved cannons.

Armament
The Death Adder carries a fairly large payload, supplemented by its 30mm automatic cannon. The cannon is very powerful and is able to take down most aircraft in 4 to 6 hits.

The aircraft usually carries its payload in two internal bays to preserve stealth. The missiles are launched by hydraulic arms that hurl them away from the aircraft so quickly that the weapons-bay doors pop open for less than one second. In missions where payload has priority over stealth, the aircraft has a total of 8 external hardpoints for other munitions.

TSF-616 "Eidolon" Air Superiority Fighter



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Abstract:

After studying the operations of TSA-12A/B "Kestrel" aircraft exported to the Real ALM, KAC engineers realized that the design was flawed. Although it could defeat most next-generation fighters with ease, the multirole nature of the planes limited its effectiveness in any one niche considerably. A jack of all trades, but master of none, most of the TSA-12s in Tyrandisan service were quickly converted into ground attack aircraft. Project: Dreamland, a program to develop a new air superiority fighter, was already in the works as a successor to Kestrel's temporary role in air superiority, but the resulting product would be some years ahead, far too much time for the Imperium's liking. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Administration thus fast-tracked Dreamland for priority completion.

Dreamland's brainchild, nicknamed 'Eidolon' by her designers, was delivered on May 1, 2005. Sleek, elegant, and flawless, Eidolon is the culmination of over two decades of research and development into the latest aeronautical technologies. The TSF-616 Eidolon is expected to remain the definitive Tyrandisan aircraft for the next three decades.

General Data:

Contractor: Kotoko Aircraft Corporation

Type: Advanced Air Superiority Fighter

Personnel: 2 (Pilot, Weapons Service Officer)

Systems/Avionics:

The TSF-616 Eidolon is the third aircraft to use the advanced "Peregrine" avionics architecture, after the TSF-28D Seraph and TSA-12A/B Kestrel. The Peregrine package can be split up into three parts: The MMS-4 Mission Management Suite, the SMS-2 Sensor Management Suite, and the VMS-10 Vehicle Management Suite, which are connected by a 2.2 GHz high-speed fiber optic bus, although the VMS-10 has its own bus for aircraft control.

MMS-4 - This subsystem of the Peregrine is composed of the terrain/navigation suite, fire-control, munitions management and Electronic Warfare equipment.

NGTRS-2 - Terrain Reference System, which relies on careful measurement of the terrain profile passing beneath the aircraft with a RADAR altimeter and comparison with digitally-stored geographic data. The primary advantage to using a TR system is that a standard TF (terrain-following) navigation scheme will alert enemy Electronic Survelliance Measures far sooner, due to the RADAR beam's direction. On the other hand, the TSF-616's TRN's altimeter has an extremely narrow beam width whose energy is directed downwards, rendering virtually all ESM measures impotent.

NTTC-92 - Target track component of the MMS-4. Capable of hunting in excess of 200 independent signatures, the system identifies the target's headings based on data from the IR sensors and RADAR system, then relays the information to the MMS-4.

NPRC-4 - Target attack component of the MMS-4. The NTTC's datastream is relayed to the NPRC, which then relays the information to the Eidolon's weapons systems for firing solutions. Capable of marking fifty-six different targets at one time, and simultaeneously attacking up to eight, the NPRC-4 is the heart of the fighter's extensive fire control systems.

Mk. 54 RWR - The Mk. 54 RADAR Warning Receiver is the standard EW suite mounted in Tyrandisan aircraft, designed to detect any and all emissions from hostile RADARs, including Low Probability of Intercept signals.

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SMS-2 - This subsystem of the Peregrine combines the TSF-616 Eidolon's RADAR, IRST, integrated signal processing, encrypted data, communications, and the Joint Tactical Information Distribution System interface, allocating the fighter's processor power to the sensor subsystems as required.

AN/PSI-3 - RADAR for the TSF-616, which is an phased array, pulse doppler system, mounted in the aircraft's nose and a tail housing, with sufficient Moving Target Indicator capability to burn through 5th Generation stealth (F-22 level) at up to 280 kilometers. The AN/PSI-3 is a No Probability of Interception system, meaning that the waveforms of the RADAR have a much longer pulse and lower amplitude, as well as a narrower beam and virtually no sidelobe radiation. The result of this waveform modification is that the AN/PSI-3 is virtually undetectable by enemy ESM receivers.

NISTC-66 - Infared Search and Track System, which scans for any and all heat signatures within a 100 km radius from the aircraft. When a target is discovered, the data is fed to the SMS-2, which then relays the information to the MMS-4's IR guided weapons (generally the TSM-1 "Falcon" XSRAAM). From there, the munition is guided to the missile based on its own seeker or the pilot can initiate a Command Datalink manual update.

MSRE-1 - Laser-Optical sensor, mounted underneath the aircraft's nose in a small pod. The MSRE-1 is a full EO package that uses a ytterbium-doped fiber optic laser to scan a 8x8 degree sector in front of the aircraft. Capability-wise, it can find a one centimeter cable at a range of two kilometers, even in poor weather conditions, increasing onboard weapons accuracy.

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VMS-10 - The Vehicle Management Suite is responsible for cockpit controls and displays, flight and manuver control, and engine/power control.

NACS Mk. II - Aircraft control system, composed of an advanced Fly-By-Light scheme that is made up of fiber-optic cables just nanometers thick. The NACS gives the TSF-616 far superior agility and manuverability to any legacy fly-by-wire system, thanks to the improved signal transfer speed that light offers. Furthermore, the NACS Mk. II renders the aircraft virtually immune to electro-magnetic interference, a problem that plagued FBW aircraft such as the GR.Mk.1 Tornado in service with Great Britain. The system binds all of the aeroelastic control surfaces and canards together, giving the Kestrel's pilot an aircraft capable of outmanuvering virtually any aircraft in the world.

AVLO "Chameleon" Smart Skin - This is a visual camouflage system that is meshed with the exterior carbon-nanotube skin. Through use of a number of minature photo-receptors that are mounted throughout the aircraft, the AVLO first takes in the overall color that surrounds the aircraft and processes it. It then transfers this data to the fiber-optics that are embedded in the aircraft's skin, which is manipulated by a separate computer. The AVLO then changes the color of these light-sensitive diodes to match the TSF-616's surroundings, rendering the aircraft virtually invisible against any neutral background (sky, ocean).

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Stealth:

The TSF-616 Eidolon employs technologies to significantly reduce RADAR Cross Section (RCS), infrared signature, electromagnetic signature, visual signature and aural signature. RCS reduction represents the paramount feature considered in Kotoko Aircraft Corporation's design. To reduce RCS, the Eidolon employs a geometrically based radar dispersing configuration. Developed utilizing computational RCS modeling, the configuration uses facets approximated by curvelinear, polynomial sections. Ultimate RCS reduction for the TSF-616, however, is dependent upon a combination of bandpass external skins, internal shaping and the implementation of the NCPCAS-12 Active Stealth System.

NCPCAS-12 Active Stealth System

Between the external bandpass skins and the internal graphite hull backed by an alloy geodetic structure is a cavity. Within this cavity a low temperature plasma is achieved. This plasma, as manipulated by the TSF-616’s computer driven self-protection network, provides an unparalleled level of active stealth technology whereby incoming RADAR energy is substantially disrupted such that return signal is reduced to undetectable levels or chaotic, undecipherable signals. Rather than rely solely upon external shaping, the TSF-616's stealth technology adapts to frequency and bandwidth, allowing maximum low observance performance against all air-to-air and ground based RADAR types alike.

Reduction of IR emissions is achieved through the use of a dedicated engine bay cooling/IR signature reduction system. Ducting residual inlet air through the NCPCAS-12 significantly reduces the TSF-616's IR signature both at subsonic and supersonic speeds.

Aural signature is reduced in part through the NCPCAS-12. For enhanced aural signature reduction, the TSF-616 Eidolon Air Superiority Fighter features Active Frequency Damping (AFD) and comparable active noise control systems. Visual signature is reduced through a chloro-flurosulphonic acid that is injected into the exhaust gases of the two TC-250-PW-60 engines, eliminating engine vapor contrails.

Cockpit:

Purchased from the Luftkrieg Aerospace Industries, the TSF-616's cockpit electronics/systems are an adapted version of the one used by the MMA-A3 Falcon Air Superiority Fighter.

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The GEC-built Head-Up Display (HUD) offers a wide field of view (30 degrees horizontally by 25 degrees vertically) and serves as a primary flight instrument for the pilot.

There are six liquid crystal display (LCD) panels in the cockpit. These present information in full color and are fully readable in direct sunlight. LCDs offer lower weight and less size than the cathode ray tube (CRT) displays used in most current aircraft. The lower power requirements also provide a reliability improvement over CRTs. The two Up-Front Displays (UFDs) measure 3"x4" in size and are located to the left and right of the control panel.

The Integrated Control Panel (ICP) is the primary means for manual pilot data entry for communications, navigation, and autopilot data. Located under the glareshield and HUD in center top of the instrument panel, this keypad entry system also has some double click functions, much like a computer mouse for rapid pilot access/use.

The Primary Multi-Function Display (PMFD) is a 8"x8" color display that is located in the middle of the instrument panel, under the ICP. It is the pilot’s principal display for aircraft navigation (including showing waypoints and route of flight) and Situation Assessment (SA) or a "God's-eye view" of the entire environment around (above, below, both sides, front and back) the aircraft.

Three Secondary Multi-Function Displays (SMFDs) are all 6.25" x 6.25" and two of them are located on either side of the PMFD on the instrument panel with the third underneath the PMFD between the pilot's knees. These are used for displaying tactical (both offensive and defensive) information as well as non-tactical information (such as checklists, subsystem status, engine thrust output, and stores management).

Features:

2 task-switching MFDs
Multi-node RADAR indication panel
Octo-functional HUD synchronized with MFD and helmet targeting
GPS synchronization panel
Topographic orientation TRV systems
Autopilot TRV/NRT based systems
JTIDs/A50 airborne intelligence/global targeting, guidance systems.
APEX 345 ejection seat, synchronized with primary turbine failures.

Canopy:

The canopy is manufactured of an advanced polycarbonate, backed by a rubber insulation layer and a thin strip of an indium-tin alloy. Traditionally, the cockpit has been the most problematic area for advanced stealth designers; because RADAR waves passes through the canopy as if it were transparent, an especially strong signal will bounce back to its receiver because any aircraft interior contains angles and shape that generate a substantial return. The InSn coating allows over 98.5% of visible light to pass through to the pilot, but will appear on RADAR as a semi-metallic surface, thus further reducing the TSA-12's already microscopic RCS.

Airframe:

Eidolon uses a material known as RADAR Absorbent Structure, taking the RAM concept a step further. The TSF-616's frame is manufactured of honeycombed Kevlar sections, treated with a proprietary glaze based on carbon, and then bonded to polyethylene/carbon fiber skins on its front and back, creating a rigid panel. The honeycombs are three centimeters in length, and incoming RADAR waves are absorbed by them. These panels are bonded to the airframe and placed externally wherever possible. Testing of the RAS indicated that the material could dependably absorb or at least weaken RADAR returns of all frequencies higher than 10 MHz.

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The TSF-616's wings are in an unique variable-geometry Forward Swept Wing configuration. Aircraft with an FSW are in an aerodynamically unstable situation, allowing them unimpeded freedom of manuverability. FSW aircraft exhibit lower drag and lower stall speeds, as well as vastly improved performance at high angles of attack compared to conventional fighters. However, this benefit comes with a price, namely that of control difficulties. Eidolon resolves the problem with fly-by-light controls, a development on the old copper-wire systems that NASA's X-29 FSW technology demonstrator used in its trials. Because of the incredible boost in agility and manuverability that FSW provides, it was decided that the configuration would be incorporated into Eidolon. DARPA objected to the system, because at speeds higher than Mach 1.7, the forward sweeping of the wing becomes a liability due to drag. A compromise was made in the form of making the Eidolon's wings able to sweep either forward or tuck into the side of the fighter, allowing for high speed dash or low speed dogfight capability.

Each of the advanced wings consists of two Ti-1100 titanium and one Elgiloy cobalt-chromium-nickel alloy spar, fifteen titanium ribs, and multiple Titanium Oxide stringers. Titanium aluminide plates are mated to the spar/rib structure, forming a fuel tank for the TSF-616. Wing skins composed of layered Single Walled Nano Tubes, providing maximum resistance to tear. Wing leading and trailing edges are graphite composites mated with titanium. Each wing is equipped with full span leading edge slats and trailing edge, double-slotted Fowler Flaps for lift augmentation. Maximum trailing edge flap deflection is 60º. Leading and trailing edge flaps are controlled by the NACS Mk. II Aircraft Control System fiber optic signals. The wing is equipped with 0.20c flapperons for subsonic roll.

Powerplant:

2x Tyrandis Engineering TC-250-PW-60N Pulse-Detonation turbofan hybrids, adapted from the TSF-28D Seraph Air Superiority Fighter, providing sum of 99,250 lbs thrust to the aircraft, with 360 degree thrust vectoring from +60 degrees through -60 degrees. The engines have been upgraded with advanced thermal gel coating, which uses a Ni-Al-Pt superalloy. This allows the engines to resist the enormous heat generated by the detonation sequence better, improving aircraft endurance and engine life.

Dimensions:

Height: 5.8m
Wingspan: [varies]
Length: 26.2m

Weights:

Empty: 24,750 lbs
Standard: 42,240 lbs
Max: 63,400 lbs

Ceiling:

Classified, though released data indicates over 68,500 ft

Maximum Speed:

Mach 2.55 on supercruise, Mach 3.65 on full afterburners.

Armament:

8x Interchangable weapons hardpoints mounted in an internal bay, optimized for AAMs
4x IR-guided AAMs mounted in side bay doors

Divine Thunder

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The TCIAM-2 Divine Thunder is a 27mm cannon used by all Tyrandisan aircraft. Based off a Mauser-style configuration, the gun has an extremely high rate of fire and range, thanks to the advanced construction of its ammunition. Divine Thunder uses a projectile that is surrounded with a high density molded propellant charge, enclosing the assembly in a cylindrical titanium case. When the round is fired, a small charge located immediately behind the cannon round accelerates it into the TCIAM-2's barrel before the main charge ignites. The result of this unorthodox firing approach is a gun with a muzzle velocity of over 4,100 ft/sec, as compared to the M61A1's performance of 3,500 ft/sec. Divine Thunder's guidance is based off the datastream from the MMS-4 and independently operated by the aircraft itself, although a pilot can manually override the system if so desired.

Variants:

TSF-616A - Standard version
TSF-616B - Navalized version for operation from aircraft carriers

B-300 "Hurricane" Heavy Supersonic Strategic Bomber



Overview:

The B-300 Hurricane is seen as the SUAF's newest supersonic, strategic bomber. Capable of carrying over 84,000 kilograms of bombs and missiles, the B-300 is fully capable of conducting its role of bringing the war to the enemy. It will also bring mass carnage to the enemy in the form of brute firepower unleashed that will make any enemy squabble before the using nation. Employing advanced techniques and older ones, the B-300 lives up to its name of bringing a hurricane to its enemy.

Airframe:
The B-300 was designed as an intercontinental strategic, supersonic bomber. To ensure that it can carry its load a new airframe like no other was needed. Based on past research conducted mostly from the XB-70, the B-300 used the honeycomb technique to create its airframe. Made from mostly aluminum-titanium alloy, the structure is capable of withstanding the pressure from inside and from outside.

The airframe is mostly made from aluminum-titanium alloy while the heated structures are constructed from stainless steel. This combination makes the airframe very flexible yet sturdy, both of which are needed to ensure the B-300 can go supersonic and still deliver all of its massive payload of weaponry.

Propulsion:

The B-300 is powered by 8 gigantic Union-46 Turbofan Engines. These monsters each produce 97,000 lbs of thrust. This gives the entire aircraft a 776,000 lbs of push in total! That's enough to get this baby right off the ground and make it go supersonic while keeping a gigantic payload in its belly/fuselage.

Each engine is constructed from stainless steel so that it can withstand the tremendous heat exerted on it by the escaping gas. Corrosion has been all but eliminated in the engine thanks to the use of stainless steel, making maintenance easier along with the maintenance price tag coming down. The nozzle is constructed with aluminum-titanium alloy same as the one used on most of the body. This ensures that the nozzle doesn't become stiff and endanger the crew during missions of great importance further giving the B-300 much clout in the realm of maintenance easiness.

But the most important part of the nozzle is that it is 2D Thrust Vectoring. Each engine is fitted with this nozzle bringing exceptional maneuverability, not thought possible even in optimists’ wildest dreams. Capable of maneuvering the entire aircraft into a 90 degree angle in under 30 seconds, this baby will allow it to go wherever it is called for. Along with that, if any of the wing flaps or ailerons are destroyed, the thrust vectoring nozzles can be used to pilot the aircraft back to safety without endangering the crew.

Avionics:

Avionics
Blizzard All-Purpose Suit:

Sub-Suits
AM-32 Weapons Management Sub-Suit
SM-33 Aircraft Management Sub-Suit
TM-34 Electronics Management Sub-Suit
KM-35 Health Management Sub-Suit

AM-32:
WAM-1: Weapon's Guidance System; uses built-in lasers and radar to guide missiles to target with pin-point accuracy even if it is moving.
WAM-2: Ensures that a maximum number of 20 missiles can be fired every minute.
WAM-3: Fire-Control System for the weapons and machine gun.

SM-33:
ASM-1: Fly-By-Light System that ensures greater flexibility and faster control for the pilot.
ASM-2: GPS System that provides the pilot with information on location.
ASM-3: Displays a 3D view of the entire area for the pilot in a 3 cubic mile radius.
ASM-4: Allows pilot to select target on the 3D view, and the plane automatically goes there at the optimal angle of flight, giving the aircraft the most lethal power.
ASM-5: This system provides effective defense for the aircraft. Controls the IAMDS.

TM-34:
ETM-1: Pilot's Guidance System that will ensure the pilot where he's going.
ETM-2: Laser Tracking System that will track up to 50 targets and sort them out based on "Danger Level"
ETM-3: IR and Laser Scanner that will give the pilot, eyes that can overcome any obstacle.
ETM-4: Voice Recognition System that allows the pilot to command any system/weapon when he wants to without having to look away from the HUD.
ETM-5: HUD that displays output from all the Sub-Suits and systems.

KM-35:
HKM-1: Temperature Monitoring System that makes sure nothing overheats.
HKM-2: Malfunction Detection System that keeps surveillance over entire body to report any problems.
HKM-3: Solution System that will automatically try to fix any problem in the aircraft.

Stealth:

The B-300 has stealth along with a new perspective. It is outfitted with a RAM coating reducing its signature along with nozzle muffling to cool the air exhaust coming from the engines. These maneuvers have significantly reduced the RCS (RADAR Cross Signature) and IRS (Infra Red Signature) of the aircraft substantially. But what the B-300 mostly uses is countermeasures. In a suit called the IAMDS, the B-300 features a full swing of countermeasures to protect it from any scenario thrown at it. Layout:

* 2 12-Cell Anti-Missile Missile Launchers
* 2 9-Cell Anti-Aircraft Missile Launchers
* 30mm Cannon-Designed to take out close-combat aircraft
* 200 Flares
* 1 LASER
* 2 MASERS
* Laser Scrambler

All these are powered by a miniature supercomputer that can compute missile trajectory in less than 1 second. These systems have been used to give the B-300 a plausible defense against incoming missiles. Along with the IAMDS, the B-300 is equipped with advanced RADAR Jamming equipment that will allow the B-300 jam any aircraft within 30 miles of the aircraft. Without the RADAR, the aircraft will significantly turn into easy target for the Anti-Aircraft missiles. During the period of Jamming, since the RADAR of the B-300 is not usable, the aircraft uses a LASER Tracking System to track incoming enemy fighters and threats.

Weapons:

The B-300 is outfitted with an unmatched weapons payload. Capable of deploying up to 90,000 kilograms of weapons to any spot on the planet, the B-300 poses a significant and deadly challenge to any ground forces or victims. The sheer firepower that it brings will be enough to end a war while terrorist run from the site of a B-300 after being hit by one once. It is capable of carrying almost 200,000 lbs or 90,000 kilograms at the most with the normal payload coming over 185,000 lbs or 84,000 kilograms.

To achieve the massive amount of weapons delivery, the B-300 is outfitted with 4 Weapon Bays along with up to 10 hardpoints:

2x Main Weapons Bay (MWB)
1x Smart Weapons Bay (SWB)
1x Self-Defense Bay (SDB)

The Main Weapons Bay contains the main weapons and has the crucial firepower within it. The MWB can carry up to 60,000 kilograms of any type of bombs or over 132,000 lbs of weapons.

The Smart Weapons Bay (SWB) carries all the Smart-Weapons and Guided Missiles. It gives the B-300 the precision strike capability that will allow the B-300 to hit terrorist or any enemy in no matter what terrain.

The Self-Defense Bay (SDB) encloses the countermeasure weapons such as the Missile Launchers and the 30mm Cannon. It also houses the Jammer and Laser Scrambler Equipment along with the LASER and MASERs.

Note: All the weapons bays are equipped with adjustable hooks. This also applies to the hardpoints located on the wings. This allows for customization according to the mission in the firepower/weapons needed and used.

Specifications:

Type: Heavy Supersonic Strategic Bomber
Height: 22 m
Length: 96 m
Wingspan: 74 m
Propulsion: 8 Union-46 Turbofan Jet Engines, rated at 97,000 lbs each
Empty(Weight): 350,000 kg
Full(Weight): 700,000 kg
Normal Payload: 84,000 kg
Maximum Payload: 90,000 kg
Cruising Speed: Mach 1.6
Maximum Speed: Mach 2.2
Range: 7,500 km
Crew: 2

F/A-314 "Staller" Air Superiority Fighter

[NOTE: This aircraft is no longer in widespread use by the Halberdgardian military. However, a small number of these aircraft are held in storage, and the plans and production rights for the aircraft are still available, should the Halberdgardian military choose to resume production.]

History

In 2004, Space Union started Project Firesky. Its only goal was to develop a new fighter that could meet the goals of the SUAF (Space Union Air Force). This aircraft had a few main goals to complete its goals of air superiority and multi-tasking:

*Light-Weight Aircraft made from Titanium and Composite Material
*Extremely Manuverable. Out manuever any aircraft the enemy could throw at it.
*Stealth Capabilities: Able to elude radar and decrease IR image emission.
*Easy maintaince and affordable.

These goals were set to be made by the aircraft. On September 24th, 2004, Space Union officials invited four aircraft companies to submit designs for it. The following companies were present:

Tylon Corporation
DuitDou Inc.
Yamser Inc.
Nemion-Yolster Corp

Each company submitted a design that officials would review. On December 9th, 2004, Tylon and Yamser were chosen as the winners and were each rewarded a contract for different fighters. The one by Tylon became known as the YX-78 while the one made by Yamser would be known as the YX-81. Both aircrafts would get orders of 4 to test the other against the other. The winner would get a contract for 20,000 planes for SUAF. The testing began on Febuary 10th and lasted until April 17th, 2004. The victor of the competition was Tylon's YX-78. It outmanuevered the YX-81 in incredibal ways and was able to carry more weapons than the YX-81. Yamser became the secondary contracter, though.

At Congress, the debate was fueled. The aircraft had been given a new designation and became known as F-314 "Staller" because of its stalling capabilities. But many politicans weren't impressed. One congressman said, "the F-314 is as valuable to the SUAF as shoes are to whales!" But backers of the program replyed "the difference is whale can't wear shoes but the SUAF can wear the F-314s!" Finally on June 4th, 2004, Congress passed the Advanced Fighter Construction Act (AFCA) which bought 20,000 F-314s from the Tylon Corps over the next decade. Shortly after the passing of the bill, Tylon announced the export version of the F-314 that would have some tonned-down abilities compared to the domestic F-314 but would still provide the manueverability of the aircraft.

The F-314 Staller is one of the best air superiority fighters in the world for many reasons. It is extremely manuverable, has many stealth capabilities, and is low-cost maintaince wise compared to other fighters around.

Manuverability:

Manuverability is the F-314's speciality. The day-one priority of the aircraft was manuverability. Using many methods, it has achieved its goal of surpassing any aircraft in manuverability. The F-314 mainly uses 4 methods to maintain manuverability:

1. 4D Thrust Vectoring Engines
2. Wing Warping
3. Tiny Jet Engines covering the fuselage
4. Foward-Swept Wings

Using these methods the F-314 is capable of outmanuvering any aircraft that comes its way. This makes the F-314 one of the best dogfighters the world has ever seen.

4D Thrust Vectoring:

The F-314 features two Union-43 Thrust Vectoring engines. Each is outfitted with a nozzle that is capable of moving up, down, left, right, and sideways. This allows the engine to have no resistance and literally be able to move on its own. This gives it an exceptionally big edge over 2D Vectoring and 3D Vectoring engined Fighters.

*NOTE*
2D Vectoring: Nozzle movement of up and down.
3D Vectoring: Nozzle movement of up, down, left, and right.
4D Vectoring: Nozzle movmeent of up, down, left, right, and diagonal.

Definitions for 3D Vectoring may change between aerospace companies.

Wing Warping:

The F-314 is one of the first aircraft to take advantage of wing warping. It is literally able to warp its wings. Using nanofibers made to point-like perfection by industry robots, it can be moved by the on-board computer. This allows the aircraft to control the flow of air and results in manuverability performance unmatched. For example: the F-314 can control the amount of lift given to one wing.

Tiny Jet Engines:

The F-314 features a similar schematics to the X-15. Its nose, belly, and tail feature small jet engines that can be fired to provide optimal movement for the aircraft. Up to 10 of these small jet engines are located on the body.

Foward-Swept Wings:

Like the X-29, the F-314 features foward-swept wings. Foward-Sweeping has been long known to provide better manuverability compared to conventional wings. But it has never been economically affordable. But with the introduction of composite material, the wings have been specifically made from composite nanofibers. This allows the wing to be extremely strong yet very flexible.

Stealth:

Although the F-314 has been optimized for manuverability, it also has stealth capabilities similar to the F-22 Raptor. The F-314 has been made to be extremely smooth allowing the body to deflect incoming radar waves. This method has been applied to the B-2 Spirit and has shown much promise in both aircrafts. Another method used, is covering the entire body with stealth paint. This material absorbs incoming radar waves, further reducing the crosssection of the aircraft.

The F-314 also has been outfitted to give off the minimal amount of sound. It's engines and noise-producing parts have been painted with QuietSound. This material reduces the sound of the object by 15 decibels. This allows the F-314 to fly high over enemy aerospace without ever being heard by the enemy.

The most interesting stealth feature on the F-314 is not any paint but the engines. The engines are now Pulse Generating Engines. These are capable of emitting far less heat than any other engines and therefore have a far smaller IR signature. More on the engines later.

Propulsion:

The F-314 is outfitted with the most modern engines ever out. Unlike normal engines, the F-314 uses new Union-43 Pulse Generating Engines. These work similar to other engines but instead of producing a steady stream of jet flow, the F-314's engines fire a burst the jet before stopping and then repeating this cycle every 5 seconds. This allows the aircraft to use significantly less fuel than other aircrafts and have less IR signature, yet maintain the same amount of stability. This new revolation has allowed the aircraft to be cheaper in the long-term than other aircrafts which waste precious jet fuel. The surplus fuel is than used by the tiny jet engines but even all 10 don't uses up the amount of fuel that two conventional engines use.

Maintenance:

The F-314 has taken into account the experiences with other fighters in maintaince. Many times the aircraft become very expensive to maintain with need for new parts and such. But the F-314 cuts this by more than 3 times. The F-314 uses modularity found in MBTs in its components for fast replacement of damaged parts. To couple this, the F-314 features emergency locks instead of screws, that hook the entire aircraft together. These hooks can be easily opened by the maintaince crew by touching the unlocking pad. This considerably speeds up the process of repairing the aircraft during war-time. Another change made was that all the vital parts have been made out of composite material making it very durable. This makes the need for spare parts less than conventional aircrafts, resulting in less money being wasted on fixing the aircraft and obtaining spare parts.

Avionics:

The best fighter has the best avionics. Using this principle, the F-314 has been given the top-of-the-line avonics. It features the all new Blizzard All-Purpose Suit that guarrentees the aircraft with the best electronics.

Blizzard All-Purpose Suit:

Sub-Suits:

AM-32 Weapons Management Sub-Suit
SM-33 Aircraft Managament Sub-Suit
TM-34 Electronics Management Sub-Suit
KM-35 Health Management Sub-Suit

AM-32:

WAM-1: Weapon's Guidance System. Uses built-in lasers and radar to guide missiles to target.

WAM-2: Ensures that a maximum number of 20 missiles can be fired every minute.

WAM-3: Fire-Control System for the weapons and machine gun.

SM-33:

ASM-1: Fly-By-Light System that ensures greater flexibility and faster control for the pilot.

ASM-2: GPS System that provides the pilot with information on location.

ASM-3: Gives the aircraft countermeasures against IR-Seeking and Laser-Guided Missiles.

ASM-4: Displays a 3D view of the entire area for the pilot in a 3 cubic mile radius.

ASM-5: Allows pilot to select target on the 3D view, and the plane automatically goes there at the optimal angle of flight, giving the aircraft the most lethal power.

ASM-6: This system provides effective defense for the aircraft. The computer detects incomign missiles and use flares along with laser scrambler equipment to avoid and evade missiles.

TM-34:

ETM-1: Pilot's Guidance System that will ensure the pilot where he's going.

ETM-2: Laser Tracking System that will track up to 50 targets and sort them out based on "Danger Level"

ETM-3: IR and Laser Scanner that will give the pilot, eyes that can overcome any obstacle.

ETM-4: Voice Recognization System that allows the pilot to command any system/weapon when he wants to without having to look away from the HUD.

ETM-5: HUD that displays output from all the Sub-Suits and systems.

KM-35:

HKM-1: Temperature Monitoring System that makes sure nothing overheats.

HKM-2: Malfunction Detection System that keeps survaillance over entire body to report any problems.

HKM-3: Solution System that will automatically try to fix any problem in the aircraft.

Specifications

Type: Advanced Air Superiority Fighter
Length: 70 ft
Width: 32 ft
Wingspan: 46 ft
Empty Weight: 19,000 kg
Full Weight: 38,000 kg
Normal Payload: 13,550 kg
Maximum Payload: 15,000 kg
Cruising Speed: Mach 1.8
Maximum Speed: Mach 2.4
Operational Ceiling: 50,000 feet
Maximum Ceiling: 65,000 feet
Armament: 20 missiles and bombs: 9 AIM-120 (1,368 kg), 6 AIM-9 Sidewinders (1,338 kg), and 5 GBU-36 2,000lbs Smart Bomb (14,000 kg)
Propulsion: 2 Union-43 Thrust Vectoring Engines
Crew: 1

F-315 "Commando" Multi-Role Fighter

[NOTE: This aircraft is no longer in widespread use by the Halberdgardian military. However, a small number of these aircraft are held in storage, and the plans and production rights for the aircraft are still available, should the Halberdgardian military choose to resume production.]

Overview:

The F/A-315 Commando saw its origin in a new program stated by SUAF, shortly after the arrival of F-314s in service. The SUAF called for a new light-weight, multi-role aircraft. A number of companies, including Tylon Corp., submitted designs. The winner was Tylon Corp again. There design looked much like the F-314 but only 3/5ths the size. Not only that it had other key changes:

*Compacter Design
*Smaller Payload
*1 Engine
*Cheaper
*Multi-Role
*VTOL Capabilities
*Lighter Weight
*More Manuverable
*No Tail-Surface

The F-315 commonality with the F-314 gives it more reliability compared to the other newer designs and it can builds upon information gained from the F-314, a key advantage over other designs.

Capabilities:

The F-315 plays a niche fulfilled by multi-role aircrafts. It has been desined to be any Air Forces work horse and first-line of defense before the heavier air superiority fighters come. Its weapons bay has been configured to conduct these missions. It can carry 10,000 lbs in a 10 missile/bomb configuration. These weapons can range from air-to-ground, air-to-air, or any other type of weapons depending on the role. But where it also excels is in dogfights. Because of its light-weightness and manuverability methods employed on it, it is arguably the most manuverable aircraft around. This equals a victory for the F-315 in any environment or dogfight over 98% of the time!

Avionics:

The F-315 employs similar avionics to the F-314. But it has the addition of the VTOL System and the Thrust Steering System. These enable it to fulfill its job better.

Blizzard All-Purpose Suit:

Sub-Suits:

AM-32 Weapons Management Sub-Suit
SM-33 Aircraft Managament Sub-Suit
TM-34 Electronics Management Sub-Suit
KM-35 Health Management Sub-Suit

AM-32:

WAM-1: Weapon's Guidance System. Uses built-in lasers and radar to guide missiles to target.

WAM-2: Ensures that a maximum number of 20 missiles can be fired every minute.

WAM-3: Fire-Control System for the weapons and machine gun.

SM-33:

ASM-1: Fly-By-Light System that ensures greater flexibility and faster control for the pilot.

ASM-2: GPS System that provides the pilot with information on location.

ASM-3: Gives the aircraft countermeasures against IR-Seeking and Laser-Guided Missiles.

ASM-4: Displays a 3D view of the entire area for the pilot in a 3 cubic mile radius.

ASM-5: Allows pilot to select target on the 3D view, and the plane automatically goes there at the optimal angle of flight, giving the aircraft the most lethal power.

ASM-6: This system provides effective defense for the aircraft. The computer detects incomign missiles and use flares along with laser scrambler equipment to avoid and evade missiles.

ASM-7: VTOL System that controls the Thrust Vectoring Nozzle so that it can provide Vertical Take-Off and Landing.

TM-34:

ETM-1: Pilot's Guidance System that will ensure the pilot where he's going.

ETM-2: Laser Tracking System that will track up to 50 targets and sort them out based on "Danger Level"

ETM-3: IR and Laser Scanner that will give the pilot, eyes that can overcome any obstacle.

ETM-4: Voice Recognization System that allows the pilot to command any system/weapon when he wants to without having to look away from the HUD.

ETM-5: HUD that displays output from all the Sub-Suits and systems.

ETM-6: Thrust Steering System that allows the aircraft to be able to steer itself automatically using the Thrust Vectoring Nozzle instead of ailerons and other conventional flaps.

KM-35:

HKM-1: Temperature Monitoring System that makes sure nothing overheats.

HKM-2: Malfunction Detection System that keeps survaillance over entire body to report any problems.

HKM-3: Solution System that will automatically try to fix any problem in the aircraft.

Manuverability

The F-315 uses similar methods to the F-314 to be extremely manuverable. Using these methods, it is in fact even more manuverable than the F-314 because of its light-weight compared to the F-314. The F-315 mainly uses 5 methods to maintain manuverability:

1. 4D Thrust Vectoring Engines
2. Wing Warping
3. Tiny Jet Engines covering the fuselage
4. Foward-Swept Wings
5. No Tail-Surface

Using these methods the F-314 is capable of outmanuvering any aircraft that comes its way. This makes the F-314 one of the best dogfighters the world has ever seen.

4D Thrust Vectoring:

The F-315 features two Union-43 Thrust Vectoring engines. Each is outfitted with a nozzle that is capable of moving up, down, left, right, and sideways. This allows the engine to have no resistance and literally be able to move on its own. This gives it an exceptionally big edge over 2D Vectoring and 3D Vectoring engined Fighters.

The Thrust Vectoring not only serves in engagement it also has been used in the most vital part of the aircraft, steering. The F-315 is the first 3rd Century Series Aircraft that uses thrust-vectoring over conventional steering. It has shown that using Thrust-Vectoring steering gives the airplane better performance and reliability compared to conventional flap methods.

*NOTE*
2D Vectoring: Nozzle movement of up and down.
3D Vectoring: Nozzle movement of up, down, left, and right.
4D Vectoring: Nozzle movmeent of up, down, left, right, and diagonal.

Definitions for 3D Vectoring may change between aerospace companies.

Wing Warping:

The F-315 is one of the first aircraft to take advantage of wing warping. It is literally able to warp its wings. Using nanofibers made to point-like perfection by industry robots, it can be moved by the on-board computer. This allows the aircraft to control the flow of air and results in manuverability performance unmatched. For example: the F-315 can control the amount of lift given to one wing.

Tiny Jet Engines:

The F-315 features a similar schematics to the X-15. Its nose, belly, and tail feature small jet engines that can be fired to provide optimal movement for the aircraft. Up to 5 of these small jet engines are located on the body.

Foward-Swept Wings:

Like the X-29, the F-315 features foward-swept wings. Foward-Sweeping has been long known to provide better manuverability compared to conventional wings. But it has never been economically affordable. But with the introduction of composite material, the wings have been specifically made from composite nanofibers. This allows the wing to be extremely strong yet very flexible.

No Tail Surface:

The F-315 features no tail, further improving its manuverability. Tests have shown that aircraft without tails are more unstable. With modern avionics this unstability can be converted to extreme manuverability. Through the advanced avionics the F-315 features, it is capable of harnessing this unstability for its further advancement in manuverability. With this new addition it can outdue any aircraft including the F-314 on the battlefield.

VTOL

The F-315 has been given the unique ability of having VTOL capability. This allows it to be able to conduct its operations from any air strip or field. This greater improves the F-315's flexibility and reliability during war-time to do its job.

The VTOL capability is achieved by using the thrust vectoring nozzle. This saves money compared to making the entire engine move like in the Harrier. Also this reduces the chance of damage occuring because of the engine hitting any piece of the aircraft, possibly endangering the aircraft, crew, and its mission.

Stealth:

Although the F-315 has been optimized for manuverability, it also has stealth capabilities similar to the F-22 Raptor. The F-314 has been made to be extremely smooth allowing the body to deflect incoming radar waves. This method has been applied to the B-2 Spirit and has shown much promise in both aircrafts. Another method used, is covering the entire body with stealth paint. This material absorbs incoming radar waves, further reducing the crosssection of the aircraft.

The F-315 also has been outfitted to give off the minimal amount of sound. It's engines and noise-producing parts have been painted with QuietSound. This material reduces the sound of the object by 15 decibels. This allows the F-315 to fly high over enemy aerospace without ever being heard by the enemy.

Maintenance:

The F-315 has taken into account the experiences with other fighters in maintaince. Many times the aircraft become very expensive to maintain with need for new parts and such. But the F-315 cuts this by more than 3 times. The F-315 uses modularity found in MBTs in its components for fast replacement of damaged parts. To couple this, the F-315 features emergency locks instead of screws, that hook the entire aircraft together. These hooks can be easily opened by the maintaince crew by touching the unlocking pad. This considerably speeds up the process of repairing the aircraft during war-time. Another change made was that all the vital parts have been made out of composite material making it very durable. This makes the need for spare parts less than conventional aircraft, resulting in less money being wasted on fixing the aircraft and obtaining spare parts.

Specs

Type: Multi-Role Fighter
Propulsion: 1 Union-44 Thrust Vectoring VTOL Engine
Length: 42 ft
Wingspan: 27.6 ft
Height: 15.2 ft
Empty(Weight): 19,000 lbs
Full (Weight): 40,000 lbs
Normal Payload: Depends on mission, preferabilly 8,000 lbs
Maximum Payload: 10,000 lbs
Range: 400 nautical miles
Cruising Speed: Mach 1.5
Maximum Speed: Mach 2.1
Operational Ceiling: 35,000 ft
Maximum Ceiling: 50,000 ft
Armenant: 10,000 lbs in 10 missiles/bombs configuration.
Crew: 2

AB-300 "Tornado" Gunship

Number of Units in Use by the Halberdgardian Military: Production rights

The AB-300 Tornado began as a private venture by Tylon Aerospace Industries. Surveys had shown that a niche was missing in many air forces that was fullfilled by gunships. But most air forces were still using outdated gunships such as the AC-130. So TAI designers and engineers went to the drawing board and began designing a new aircraft. The aircraft would be a redesigned B-300 adapted for attack role. The aircraft was dubbed the AB-300 Tornado. Unlike other designs this would be a complete remodel of the B-300 into a new tactical attack aircraft.

The airframe was the most changed part. It was changed from mostly using titanium-aluminium to Inconel. This change was done to further increase the airframe's reliability. Unlike titanium-aluminium alloy, Inconel was a superalloy that was very strong and durable. But this came at a price, literally. The price shot up from the origional price of $910 million for the B-300 to $980 million or almost $1 billion. But still the project went on. Further changes were made to the airframe. Pods were installed around the aircraft to mount the guns along with the addition of 2 hardpoints on each wing. The AB-300 was going to be a powerful monster. Not only that, but the aircraft was further streamlined so that it would be more aerodynamic without losing the gun capacity.

The engines were one of the most changed aspects of the design. Unlike the other engines on the B-300 the AB-300 would have the same engines mounted on the C-350, the Union-50s. It was decided to use 4 of them to produce a total thrust of 900,000 kg. This gave the AB-300 enough push to get allow it to go supersonic. Not only that but the AB-300 can also carry a more array of weapons than previously thought. This has substancially increased its effectivness in battle.

The main armament of the AB-300 is 4 12.7 Machine guns, 2 105mm Howizers, 6 7.62mm Machine Guns, and 3 30mm cannons. This gives the AB-300 a real punch that can match any other aircraft out to date. It also comes with a backup missiles. It has a total of 10 hardpoints on its wings. Each hardpoint can accomadate 3 missiles of any sort. It is usually outfitted with either Hellfire missiles, AGM-120 missiles, Tomahawk Cruise Missiles, or short-range nuclear missiles. This makes the AB-300 a perfect standoff attack platform too.

Specifications:

Height: 30 m
Length: 140 m
Wingspan: 90 m
Propulsion: 4 Union-50s rated at 150,000 lbs each
Empty Weight: 390,000 kg
Full Weight: 840,000 kg
Operational Ceiling: 80,000 ft
Maximum Ceiling: 85,000 ft
Cruising Speed: Mach 1.5
Maximum Speed: Mach 2
Main Armament: 4 12.7 Machine guns; 2 105mm Howizers; 6 7.62mm Machine Guns; 3 30mm cannons
Backup Armament: 10 Harpoints with carrying capacity of 3 missiles each; Hellfire missiles, AGM-120 missiles, Tomahawk Cruise Missiles, or short-range nuclear missiles
Range: 4,000 km
Crew: 5

KC-370 "Stormfueler" Refueling Aircraft

The KC-370 evolved shortly after the introduction of the C-350 Stormbringer into service of the SUAF. At this time, the outdated KC-10 and KC-135s were being used to refuel aircrafts. But the SUAF was looking for a new refueler. So that year, SUAF asked Tylon Aerospace Industries to construct them a new tanker aircraft. At first, designers began working on a totally new design. But it was soon realised that the cost would be far too high for any customer. So instead they began to modify the recently introduced C-350. They changed the C-350 from a conventional cargo lifter to a full-scale refueler aircraft. The KC-370 uses both the boom and hose/drogue systems to refuel. Not only that but it is capable of refueling up to 5 aircrafts at once. To accomadate this capacity, the KC-370 was enlarged further than the C-350 and replaced some of the electronics with compartments to further carry more fuel. By the end of the year, TAI had a working prototype of the aircraft and had successfully tested the design. Following the testings, designers changed some of the avionics from the KC-370. They replaced the targetting systems with refueling systems to allow for more automation and for less stress on the crew. They even added a hook-up system that allowed the computers to access the other aircrafts systems to determine the amount of fuel that was needed and the rate being put in. These advancements made the SUAF so impressed, that they began ordering instantly. The Board of Executives even authorized the export of this tanker.

Specifications:

Height: 28 m
Width: 130 m
Wingspan: 100 m
Propulsion: 6 Union-50 rated at 150,000 lbs each
Empty Weight: 900,000 kg
Full Weight: 2,893,000 kg
Fuel Capacity: 456,000 kg
Refueling Methods: Boom and Hose/Drogue Systems
Range: 14,000 km
Operational Ceiling: 50,000 ft
Maximum Ceiling: 54,000 ft
Cruising Speed: Mach 0.6
Maximum Speed: Mach 0.84
Crew: 6

C-350 "Stormbringer" Ultra-Heavy Cargo Lifter

Overview:

The C-350 Stormbringer is Tylon Aerospace Industries most recent development. It is the answer for a ultra-heavy lifting cargo aircraft for the Space Union Air Force (SUAF). It began shortly after the introduction of the interim CB-300 (Cargo variation of the B-300) into service for the SUAF. The aircrafts goals were to be able to carry tremendous amounts of payload around the world and provide a massive airlift capability. The aircraft was envisioned to be so huge that it had to be reworked from the ground-up. In the end, the C-350 is the one of the largest aircrafts ever to fly. It is capable of carrying more than 470,000 kgs worth of equipment and 2,000 soldiers to any hotspot in the world. It is a mammoth easily dwarfing giants such as the B-300 or B-108 bombers.

Airframe:

The most daunting task for the C-350 was designing its airframe. The airframe was suppose to be strong enough to carry tremendous weight along with endure possible collision within. Naturally the alloy of choice was a metal called Inconel. Inconel is developed by Inco Corporation and licensed by Tylon Aerospace Industries in a partnership. Inconel is a superalloy that is very durable, very high anti-corrosive, withstand high temperatures, very mechanically strong, and good surface stability. This made Inconel a very good choice for the metal.

Testing began shortly after in windtunnels. During this time, numerous engineers tried to figure out problems and snitches in the airframe. The scaled-down model proved a valuable asset, showing many flaws that could have potentionally made the aircraft much weaker in the airframe and less usefull. By the end of the year, a full-scale prototype was created of the C-350.

Most of the airframe was made out of Inconel. But the wings were made out of more flexible titanium-aluminium alloy. This allowed the wings to be flexible and not stiff, greatly increasing the aerodynamics of the entire aircraft and further adding to the lift needed for the beheameth. Prototype testing showed that Inconel was a perfect choice for the airframe. 144 Test flights proved very valuable and performed outstandingly. SUAF was very impressed with the aircraft's performance and it was looking to be a much better project than envisioned before for TAI.

Propulsion:

The early prototypes were outfitted with the older Union-47 engines that were on the B-300. Although these engines were powerful, they were not powerful enough to allow the C-350 to perform at its best ability. So Tylon Aerospace Industries contracted Union Engines Corporation (UEC) for its needs again. UEC began working on a giant engine that would be powerful enough to power the C-350. It would be a gigantic turbofan even bigger than the legendary Boeing 777's engines. Work began and by the end of the year, the engines were being tested out. At first the engines faced major mechanical failures. But soon UEC was able to fix most of the problems and even further increase the engines power.

That year the engines were fired at full-scale. By that time it was named the Union-50. It was found that it could produce an estonishing 150,000 lbs of thrust per pound! This could be endured for 5 hours before having to stop. This was due mostly to the use of Inconel in the engines. The engines were much more efficient with the use of Inconel and high-temperatures didn't crack or destroy the engines. Testings showed that little corrosion occured even after 144 flights compared to other engines. Even with such power, it was decided to outfit the C-350 with 6 Union-50s to produce a total thrust of 900,000 lbs. Engineers implied that would be enough to power the beheameth.

Electronics:

Electronics remained one of the least concerned areas about the C-350. It was applied that the avionics used in the B-300 would serve with the C-350. For that reason, the C-350 still uses the Blizzard All-Purpose Suite. It uses exactly the same modifications found in the B-300.

Blizzard All-Purpose Suit:

Sub-Suits:

AM-32 Weapons Management Sub-Suit
SM-33 Aircraft Managament Sub-Suit
TM-34 Electronics Management Sub-Suit
KM-35 Health Management Sub-Suit

AM-32:

WAM-1: Weapon's Guidance System. Uses built-in lasers and radar to guide missiles to target with pin-point accuracy even if it is moving.

WAM-2: Ensures that a maximum number of 20 missiles can be fired every minute.

WAM-3: Fire-Control System for the weapons and machine gun.

SM-33:

ASM-1: Fly-By-Light System that ensures greater flexibility and faster control for the pilot.

ASM-2: GPS System that provides the pilot with information on location.

ASM-3: Displays a 3D view of the entire area for the pilot in a 3 cubic mile radius.

ASM-4: Allows pilot to select target on the 3D view, and the plane automatically goes there at the optimal angle of flight, giving the aircraft the most lethal power.

ASM-5: This system provides effective defense for the aircraft. Controls the IAMDS.

TM-34:

ETM-1: Pilot's Guidance System that will ensure the pilot where he's going.

ETM-2: Laser Tracking System that will track up to 50 targets and sort them out based on "Danger Level"

ETM-3: IR and Laser Scanner that will give the pilot, eyes that can overcome any obstacle.

ETM-4: Voice Recognization System that allows the pilot to command any system/weapon when he wants to without having to look away from the HUD.

ETM-5: HUD that displays output from all the Sub-Suits and systems.

KM-35:

HKM-1: Temperature Monitoring System that makes sure nothing overheats.

HKM-2: Malfunction Detection System that keeps survaillance over entire body to report any problems.

HKM-3: Solution System that will automatically try to fix any problem in the aircraft.

Specifications:

Height: 25 m
Length: 120 m
Wingspan: 90 m
Propulsion: 6 Union-50 rated at 150,000 each; total thrust of 900,000 lbs
Empty(Weight): 870,000 kg
Full(Weight): 2,262,000 kg
Normal Payload: 490,000 kg
Maximum Payload: 502,000 kg
Cruising Speed: Mach 0.6
Maximum Speed: Mach 0.78
Operational Ceiling: 60,000 ft
Maximum Height: 67,000 ft
Range: 10,000 km
Crew: 10 (2 Pilots; 2 Engineers; 6 Loadmasters)

Freedom-class Superdreadnaught (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/Freedom-class_SD.gif)



Length: 743m
Beam: 265m
Draught: 24m
Crew:: 3,600 Naval; 120 Flag; 600 marines
Displacement: 1,112,497 tonnes (full load)
Speed:: 34knts (cruise) 37knts (max)
Range: Limited only by state of nuclear fuel and consumables
Armament: 9x 30” ETC Naval Cannon (A, B, X and Y positions in triple turrets); 8x 8” Naval Railguns (port / starboard on outrigger hulls, for and aft in dual turrets); 48x 6” ETC Naval Cannon (amidships; port / starboard in double turrets); 12x 3” Naval Autocannon (conning towers in single turrets); 20x Testudo CIWS; 2x 128cell Ballista VLS (forecastle, conning tower; SAM (tactical length); Javelin; 512 missiles); 1x 512cell Ballista VLS (amidships; SSM (tactical length); Lance; 1024 missiles); 1x 96cell Ballista VLS (amidships; LoRSOM (Strategic length); Battleaxe; 192 missiles); 4x 512cell Ballista VLS (amidships; AMM (sub-tactical length); discus; 4096 missiles); 30x 30mm cannon; 60x 12.7mm machineguns
Armour: Titanium and ballistic ceramics. Main side belt: 900mm – 1100mm; deck armor: 800mm; main turret faceplates 1200mm; main turret sides 1000mm; secondary turrets 950mm; superstructure 800mm; bulkheads 900mm
Helicopters: 12 ASW; 12 EAW / AWACs
Air Search Radar: GO-82 C ‘Causa’ Active / Passive Phased Array
Surface Search Radar: GO-82 D ‘Causa’ Active / Passive Phased Array
Fire Control Radar: GO-83 B ‘Simplex Mk II’ Phased Array
ASW Sonar: GO-87 DETAR phased Sonar and towed Sonar array (active / passive)
Propulsion: Eight GNO-05 Nuclear Engines, two per shaft, each with two five bladed propellers
Running Costs: $725,000,000 per year

The Freedom Class Super Dreadnaught is the first joint project between the Portland Ironworks and Imperial Praetonian Shipyards, and the largest and most complex ship ever constructed by either. It is designed as a ‘Pocket Super-Dreadnaught’ or simply a ‘Pocket Dreadnaught’. The Freedom Class is smaller than most contemporary ships of this type, but no less deadly, sporting a battery of the huge 30” guns, a VLS system comparable to that of several arsenal ships and a substantial array of secondary guns.

The Export Version is equipped with the most advanced export systems offered by both the Portland Iron Works and Imperial Praetonian Shipyards, ensuring that your ship won’t be left lagging behind contemporary ships built by other nations. The ship also features full command and control systems for use by an entire navy, capable of linking all of your ships together with the Freedom Class acting as a hub. The ship is equipped with a full electronics warfare and countermeasure suite for additional protection.

Neptune-class Superdreadnaught (Halberdgardian designation of Hammer of Vengeance-class superdreadnaught)



History:
The inspiration for the Neptune-Class Super Dreadnaught began with the creation of both Credonia’s Credonia Class Super Dreadnought and Space Union’s Courageous-Class Super Dreadnaught and the possibility of them being exported to potentially hostile nations and the host of other SD’s built by PIW and exported to other nations. Up until then The Silver Sky Republican Navy had purchased Super Dreadnaughts from IPS or PIW, but these vessels were either lacking in power or everyone other nation and their grandma had one. After months of deliberation the decision was made that The Silver Sky Navy would design and produce their own Super Dreadnaught, and with the help of PIW we have produced what is before you today.

Armament:
Even before the Neptune-Class Super Dreadnaught had even begun design the decision was made to arm her with a main armament of at least 15x 25” guns. The mounting of 25” main guns on a SD was breaking the tradition of the usual main armament of either 27” or 30” guns, and although when you compare the guns the 25 incher seems to lack in stopping power gun for gun, the decrease in weight and increase in ROF was a great trade off, so while a Doujin-class or a ship like it is just about to fire, a Neptune-class would have already launched it’s 25” guns and be preparing another salvo. While this amount of guns (15) was good enough for awhile, with the arrival of the Northumberland Class Pocket-Superdreadnaught on the scene this amount was increased to 24 guns in 6 turrets. These guns are believed to have a broadside weight pound-per-pound greater then the Doujin-Class Super Dreadnaught. The Navy also made the decision to add 8x 8” railguns in four double turrets. The secondary armament consists of 24x 6” guns in 12 dual turrets, 12x 3” guns in single turrets along the out riggers.

The main missile armament consists of 12x 96 cell Mk 136 VLS and 18 Hornet Medium ranged SAM launchers. The CIWS is comprised of 36x 'Rattlesnake' CIWS which consist of a 35mm ‘Rattlesnake’ chain gun, ‘Yellow Jacket’ Mini-SAM and decoys.

The Primary ASW armament is comprised of 6x 650mm Torpedo tubes and 2x 324mm Torpedo tubes, an Anti-Torpedo CIWS is made up of 35mm Super-Cav rapid fire cannons and decoys to destroy/disable or confuse incoming enemy torpedoes.

Armor:
The Silver Sky Navy had decided early on that the Neptune-Class must be greatly armored if it were to survive in today’s world of huge Anti-Ship missiles and 30inch guns. The main armor scheme consist of a layer of Inconel metal plates (Purchased from Space Union), and layers of Advanced armour composite (titanium, vanadium, amorphous steel, aluminum, and ballistic ceramics.); further protection is provided by double-bottomed, reinforced keel, void spaces and a titanium honeycomb frame. Composite rods, KERI foam installed in void spaces, and ceramic kinetic reducing plates for further protection against KE attacks. With an average armor thickness of 1839.25mm and much greater in some areas the Neptune-class shrugs of anything below a 25 inch gun like a tank would shrug off small arms fire. This specific armor scheme was created in response to The Macabees’ Argentine-Class Galleon.

Other:
The Neptune-Class Super Dreadnaught incorporates many stealth and countermeasure devices. Most of the stealth devices on the ship are relatively low tech, these include the elimination of any and all 90 Degree surfaces from the ship, this includes railings, stairs, hatches, and the conning(sp?) tower, another measure is that all vertical/horizontal cylinder shapes have been removed including the gun barrel which is made up of a diamond shape, all radar/lidar/laser domes have been angled, and even the age old anchor ties have been reshaped. More high tech devices include LIDAR absorbing materials, and RADAR absorbing paint. Also included is a layer of Space Union’s Quiet Sound solution to the entire ship, this helps lower sound by up to 15-20 Decibels. Countermeasures include, Flares to confuse incoming IR-Seeking missiles; Electronic Jamming Optics System (EJOS); Chaff launchers to confuse incoming Active-Radar Seeking missiles; Active Directional and Un-Directional Radar Jamming System (ADUDRS): for use against Radar-seeking missiles and fighters, with limited capabilities against small surface ships; Laser Defense System (LDS): Consists of 6 Dome Laser emitters which target and destroy small missiles using lasers and can be used to disable laser guided weapons; 2 (1 bow and stern) Shortstop and Warlock Electronic Protection System (EPS): Disables most any incoming device with an electronically controlled fuse with an 85% success rate.

Another device to help lengthen the battle-life of a Neptune-Class SD is that each ‘Rattlesnake’ CIWS gun and ‘Yellow Jacket’ Mini-SAM launcher has its own RADAR and LIDAR emitter/receiver for totally independent targeting, this allows for the engaging of over 36 targets and tracking of over 50,000 targets. Another feature is that each gun turret aboard the Neptune can be used for engaging an enemy missile threat, from the big 25” guns to the small 3” guns, they can all fire Fin-Stabilized MetalStorm Canisters or huge shotgun like rounds (25” shotgun anyone?). This feature allows the Neptune-Class Super Dreadnaught to engage many more threats then other Super Dreadnaughts.

Stats:
Length: 992 m; Beam: 231 m; Draught: 26.9 m
Displacement: 2.96 million tons full load
Armament: 6 x 4 635mm (25”) ETC Guns in A, B, C, X, Y, Z positions
8 x 203mm (8”) naval railguns in 4 dual turrets port and starboard
24 x 6” ETC guns in 12 dual turrets (6 each port and starboard)
12 x 3” Anti-air/fast ship guns in single mounts (6 each port and starboard on out riggers)
36 x 'Rattlesnake' CIWS (18 each port and starboard [Includes ‘Yellow Jacket’ mini-SAM, and decoys])
16x Anti-torpedo CIWS (anti-torpedo super-cav 35mm cannon and countermeasures)
2 x 324 mm torpedo tubes for SarzTorp light torpedoes
6 x 650 mm torpedo tube for Bayonet Super heavy torpedo
12 x 96 cell Mk 136 VLS (Enough to hold 1152 'Scourge' anti-ship missiles, or many more smaller missiles)
18 x Hornet Medium Ranged SAM launchers (9 each port and starboard)
Protection: Inconel metal plates, Advanced armour composite (titanium, vanadium, amorphous steel, aluminum, and ballistic ceramics); double-bottomed, reinforced keel, void spaces and a titanium honeycomb frame. Composite rods, KERI foam installed in void spaces, and ceramic kinetic reducing plates for further protection against KE attacks.
Engine Compartment: 1,867mm
Hull, Deck, and Hatches: 1,604mm
Magazine and Turret: 1,786mm
Glue Structures(Section that connects all the hulls): 2,100mm
Aircraft: Capable of carrying and launching 144 aircraft on two full flight decks along the outriggers. Also carries 45 medium helicopters for ASW patrols.
Complement: 11,500 naval; 4,150 aircrew; 1,500 Naval infantry, ability to carry and unload 20 LCAC, 40 Tanks, 80 IFVs and 8,000 Combat Troops.
Propulsion: 12x Pebblebed nuclear reactors with 14 propulsors and eight internalized waterjets. Compulsators provide power from central power system to turrets. Extensive thermal insulation surrounds each reactor to reduce noise emissions and infrared signature. 31.2 knots maximum 29.4 knots maximum cruise.
Electronics: AN/SLY-2 (V) Advanced Integrated Electronics Warfare System
AN/SPY-4 MFR and AN/SPN-23 navigational radars
AN/SQR-6 (B) passive towed array and AN/SQS-57 dual-mode mounted digital sonar array
A/P Mounted Sonar: AN/SQS-57 active/passive, preformed beam, digital sonar providing panoramic echo ranging and panoramic (DIMUS) passive surveillance.
Countermeasures: AN/SLQ-25 Nixie
Flares to confuse incoming IR-Seeking missiles
Electronic Jamming Optics System (EJOS)
Chaff launchers to confuse incoming Active-Radar Seeking missiles
Active Directional Radar Jamming System (ADRS): for use against Radar-seeking missiles and fighters, with limited capabilities against small surface ships; Max range:100km Effective range: 25km
Laser Defense System (LDS): Consists of 6 Dome Laser emitters which target and destroy small missiles using lasers and can be used to disable laser guided weapons.
Shortstop and Warlock Electronic Protection System (EPS): Disables any incoming device with an electronically controlled fuse with an 85% success rate. Effective range: 1500m

Ankunft-class Superdreadnaught (Halberdgardian designation of Indomitable-class superdreadnaught)



Overview

Times were moving along. New nations were rising from the ashes of the anarchic lands, greater and more terrible than possibly imagined before. The Osten Kriegsmarine's strategy was typically far simpler than that of other navies. Their strategy was rarely to try and match the enemy man for man and ship for ship, it had historically been impossible, what with the amount of funding they had received. Their weapons weren't the massive ships and fleets that other nations posessed. They were typically smaller or cheaper ships with powerful weapons mounted, such as the Schifffurcht, which could shred even the most powerful of ships, or the Abfuhr, with enough ASW technology to stop a whole submerged fleet in it's tracks. But times were changing, and so were tactics. A small fleet, however powerful, could only defend itself from the enemy, not attack with much efficiency. Something was needed to be capable of single-handedly sinking an entire enemy fleet, launching enough planes for air support, and bombard enemy shorelines.

A contract was awarded to Guns! Guns! Guns!, the second largest gun-maker in Lame Bums, for the ship design, and Bargain Basement for the weaponry and armor to go on such a ship. The estimated amount spent by private corporations on Project Ankunft was estimated at 3.8 trillion, and took seven years to conceive. The construction at the Arkhangelsk shipyards took another four years and half a trillion just for construction. After eleven years, Project Ankunft was nearing completion. The tabloids were crazy about it, as nothing of that size could have been concealed from the public. The government never commented on it, furthering speculations as a massive floating fortress was being built in a shipyard. And after all that time, the two ships were ready for sea-trials.

Armor Design

Obviously, a ship of this scale survives on three things: firepower, manuverability, and armor. The armor for such a ship would only be able to come from one other place, and that is none other than the tanks for which the Osten Wehrmacht was famed for. The design was wrangled over for a long time, but the trimaran design was agreed upon, as it could take heavy damage and continue fighting.

The first layer of armor is barely an inch thick, but serves more than it's purpose. It is a carbon-carbon composite similar to Buckminster Fullrene, C60. Smaller projectiles, accidental bumps from other boats, and radar signals are all literally bounced off of this. While the ship has a mass thirty times that of the Iowa-class battleship, it typically registers as several Iowa-class ships, as opposed to one massive ship, due to the reflective abilities and construction of the carbons. Smaller projectiles such as 30mm shot and slow-moving torpedoes literally bounce off of the ship.

The second layer, and primary one, is a combination of vandium, copper,and iron. All of this is woven into one composite for the most powerful ship armor conceived by the Osten Kreigsmarine, or indeed, anything anyone in Lame Bums had yet developed, as it was previously impossible.

The amount of armor is also massive on this ship. The side and keel armor of the center section measure an impressive 1,200mm, the deck and superstructure armor measure 900mm, and outer sections have nearly 1,050mm all-around. The turrets have an impressive 900mm of this armor on them also, to ensure the maintaining of maximum firepower during conbat. The actual protection unknown, but is said to be ten times that of the current thickness.

Weaponry

Electrothermal-Chemical (ETC) technology is an advanced gun propulsion candidate that can substantially increase gun performance with less system burden than any other advanced gun propulsion technology. It has been under development since the mid 1980s.

ETC uses electrical energy to augment and control the release of chemical energy from existing or new propellants, and can significantly improve the performance of existing conventional cannons, both direct fire (e.g. tanks) and indirect fire (e.g. howitzers and Navy guns). The electrical energy is used to create a high-temperature plasma, which in turn both ignites the propellants and controls the release of the chemical energy stored in the propellants during the ballistic cycle.

The primary mode of attack comes in the form of fifteen 30-inch ETC cannons, mounted three to a turret, five turrets in all. The massive recoil is absorbed through an array of thousands of micro-springs, much like the shocks on your car. The initial plan was to have railguns instead, but the recoil was simply too much for a shell that size. This is compensated for. A total of twenty 15-inch railguns are mounted on the sides of the ship, using the same recoil system, with range nearly that of the main guns. The primary shot can fly nearly two hundred miles in indirect mode, and the secondaries nearly 120 miles. Both the ETC guns and railguns have an ammo supply of five hundred rounds each.

However, despite this massive arnament, it is the seconday weapons which are used to target large ships due to some unique new technology. The railguns have a unique type of shell which fires SABOT rounds similar to a tank cannon, for massive armor-piercing ability. The penetration was estimated at four thousand millimeters, or many times that needed to sink an Iowa or Nimitz.

The teritary weapons system on the Ankunft-class dreadnoughts is twenty torpedo tubes, designed to launch 533mm torpedoes at close ranges to enemy ships, say, within twenty miles. This doubles as an anti-ship weapon and an anti-submarine weapon.

A classic on all ships is the cruise missile. In this case, a thousand Ausgang-type cruise missiles are loaded onto the ship, with fifty ready to fire at any given time. They have long range and the firepower necessary to bring the hurt to the enemy.

Another precaution against other capital ships [enemy aircraft carriers, other Super Dreadnoughts] is the loadout of fifty Schifffurcht anti-Capital Ship missiles. These would be used to quickly out an enemy super dreadnought out of comission, as opposed to an hours-long battle with large guns and high human and material cost.

The primary defensive system is the tried-and-true Ewigkeit SAM battery. Fifty of these batteries are mounted on the ship, meaning if need be, [b]400 missiles can be in the air in a matter of seconds. Knowing the threat of enemy air-power, ten thousand of these missiles are stored in below-decks ammo bays. These missiles double as a powerful anti-air system and anti-missile system, with an effective range of three hundred miles.

However, this ship could be forced to go back to the shipard for a year if a Schufffurcht got lucky. The armor was intentionally designed to force these missiles to bounce off or go off on the surface, yet no chances could be taken. Fifty DREAD guns are also mounted on the ship functioning as the primary CIWS should enemy anti-ship missiles get through the screen of Ewigkeit missiles. One more precaution was taken. Ten Phalanx guns were placed on top of the ship to protect against missiles that may fly vertical into the ship in an attempt to literally blow it to hell.

As a last wildcard, the Shtora-3 defense suite was also mounted on the ship, a larger version of that used on tanks. This nifty device used by the Israelis scrambles enemy laser-based rangefinders, making it impossible to determine the range of the ship, unless they guess. While a ship the size of the Ankunft is pretty hard to miss, maybe they'll get lucky.

Propulsion

The primary method of propulsion comes in the form of ten Pebblebed nuclear reactors, eight of which turn the four screws at the speed desired. The last two power two smaller screws at the rear of each side of the ship, which are used to assist in turning in a battlezone. The ten reactors push out more power than those powering some cities, to move the floating fortress at 32 knots, maximum speed. This speed was not predicted, it originally being 25 knots, however, the design must've had something to do with the speed that the engineers missed out on. Either way the range is near-infinite, limited only by the supplies onboard.

Other

The ship has a projected crew of 8,200, with troop carrying capacity of 12,500. The side-decks are used for one thing--the launching and recovery of planes. In all, one hundred and fifty aircraft are held in the lower bays, with two fully functional runways. This provides more than enough air support for any campaign, with enough naval-based firepower and troop carrying capacity to bring the fight to the enemy. The air compliment of the ship consists of five hundred pilots and one thousand servicemen, for a total wartime crew of 9,700. The ship is capable of launching smaller ships [hovercraft, dinghies, even a frigate or two] for amphibious operations.

Specifications:

Max Speed - 32 knots
Length - 750 Meters
Width - 192 Meters
Draft - 14 Meters
Height [Keel to Top] - 165 Meters
Displacement - 1,720,000 Tons

Argentine-class Galleon (Halberdgardian designation of Allegiance-class hunter-killer dreadnaught)



[Argentine class Galleon]

http://www.military-graphics.com/YAMATO.png

[Project Background]

Since the advent of the Super Dreadnought, navies around the world have attempted to design the response to the said ship, consequently creating kinetic penetrating missiles, deck attack missiles and the such. However, the fact remains that missile warfare has been lashed as a rather banal style of naval warfare, and that, especially with surface to air defenses, missiles will not give the results sought by so many.

Consequently, SafeHaven2 and The Macabees thought of the idea of a Super Dreadnought killing ship. Fortunately, the same idea was shared by Samtonia. However, the three nation project began to lag, and finally, the Golden Throne decided to complete the venture itself.

Nonetheless, although the tertiary layer was designed mostly by the Golden Throne, after that designed for the Zealous class Super Dreadnought, the rest of the design was done largely by Samtonia - indeed, the credit must go to him. The original armor design was child's play compared to the layering committed to by Samtonia's engineers.

The Galleon, which was a designation given to it by the Kriegsmarine due to the general lack of term for the type of ship, was based on the idea that if the Super Dreadnought lost its hangars, it's missile stocks and other extranous weaponry, it could base its ordnance solely on numerous, and large, naval guns. Consequently, it would engage enemy shipping with its naval guns, with a range that could exceed some anti-shipping missiles, effectively, and with a greater percentage of success. However, the same ship would be required to be escorted by one or more escort ships, or the Paramount class Air Defense Vessel [ADV], who's statistics could be found elsewhere, because of the general lack of defenses on the Argentine.

The Kriegsmarine has already ordered five Argentine class Galleons for its own use, however, this order is not expected to increase any time soon.

[Hull Construction and Armor]
The primary layer is designed to act as a layer for the ERA to sit on, and is a much lighter layer of armor. It's basically a revamped, and slightly different, CHOBHAM composite, formulated from steel, titaniun, ceramics and depleted uranium. However, it's much lighter than the tertiary layer of armor on the Galleon, although somewhat heavier than that found on a standard main battle tank. It's designed to take on light shells and light missiles, as well as light cannon fire, in the face of a possible design failure in the Kontack-5 ERA.

The secondary layer in the armor scheme is known as the SHMS armored scheme. The overriding compound used in the Argentine’s tertiary armor layer is steel, however, in order to reduce the effects of sulfur in steel, the steel is also laced with Manganese fibers. Manganese is a rather common element used extensively in steel manufacture. It is only mildly chemically active, but it has a great affinity for Sulfur, which it combines readily with, and it thus can be used to eliminate Sulfur from steel or to reduce the effects of any remaining Sulfur by chemically combining with it, which is important since Sulfur softens steel and is not desired in any construction or armor steel that I am familiar with, though it is used in many steels needing to be soft for ease of machining, as on a lathe (Phosphorus has a similar effect on increasing machineability and it can harden steel, but it raises the temperature where brittle failure sets in, so it is also reduced to a minimum in naval construction and armor steels, allowing Manganese to lower this temperature, as mentioned previously). It also acts to increase the hardenability of low-Carbon steel much better than Silicon (see above) does, but does not help keep the hardened metal hard during tempering as Silicon does, which is one of the major reasons that it and Silicon are used together as a team. Usually used in amounts of about 0.4% by weight in armor steels containing other hardeners such as Chromium, it is used in amounts of 0.6-1.1% (depending on plate thickness) in Mild/Medium Steels used for construction and up to 1.3% in high-strength construction steels, such as HTS and "D"-Steel.

Teamed up with Manganese are silicone fibers. Silicon is the next most widely used element with Iron after Carbon, found in almost all Iron materials used as armor or construction material. It is very plentiful, making up most of quartz beach sand, it is used by some microscopic plants and animals to build their protective shells, and it is used by people to make such things as glass and, more recently, micro-electronic circuits. It is relatively chemically inert, though it will chemically combine with Oxygen to form a very inert thin protective film that prevents any further reactions, and usually it is a good heat and electric insulator.

Third, Vanadium composites are woven around the steel compound in order to further strengthen the armor composite. Vanadium is a hardening alloy element in steel that is much stronger in its effects than either Chromium or Molybdenum (see above). Resists "metal fatigue" from repeated loading below the nominal yield strength, which can cause the metal to gradually stretch out of shape ("creep"), so it is widely used in springs in small amounts.

Fourth, titanium and depleted uranium threads are interwoven with the rest of the composite, adding final layers of strength. The titanium also works along with a polymer composite material in order to reduce the magnetic signature of the ship – although, this is not a primary goal of the armor. With the inclusion of titanium, depleted uranium, vanadium, manganese and silicone the actual rolled homogenous armor readings are much higher than what they are, especially since the entire armor scheme is laced around a polymer matrix, multiplying RHA strength even more!

The third layer is composed of a heat absorbing panelling. Composed of both aerogel compounds and a carbon-phenolic heat shield compound, this layer is capable of resisting temperatures above 4000 degrees Celsius. This layer is designed to both prevent any heat damage from warping the main armor layers and to stop any thermite based weapons from cutting through successive layers of armor.

Aerogels are advanced materials yet also are literally next to nothing. They consist of more than 96 percent air. The remaining four percent is a wispy matrix of silica (silicon dioxide), a principal raw material for glass. Aerogels, consequently, are one of the lightest weight solids ever conceived.

Made of inexpensive silica, aerogels can be fabricated in slabs, pellets, or most any shape desirable and have a range of potential uses. By mass or by volume, silica aerogels are the best solid insulator ever discovered. Aerogels transmit heat only one hundredth as well as normal density glass. Sandwiched between two layers of glass, transparent compositions of aerogels make possible double-pane windows with high thermal resistance. Aerogels alone, however, could not be used as windows because the foam-like material easily crumbles into powder. Even if they were not pulverized by the impact of a bird, after the first rain they would turn to sludge and ooze down the side of the house.

Aerogels are a more efficient, lighter-weight, and less bulky form of insulation than the polyurethane foam currently used to insulate refrigerators, refrigerated vehicles, and containers. And, they have another critical advantage over foam. Foams are blown into refrigerator walls by chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) propellants, the chemical that is the chief cause of the depletion of the earth's stratospheric ozone layer. The ozone layer shields life on Earth from ultraviolet light, a cause of human skin cancer. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, 4.5 to 5 percent of the ozone shield over the United States was depleted over the last decade. Based on the current levels of ultraviolet exposure, the agency projects that more than 12 million Americans will develop skin cancer and more than 200,000 will die of the disease over the next 50 years.

Replacing chlorofluorocarbon-propelled refrigerant foams with aerogels could help reduce this toll. Exchanging refrigerant foams with aerogels reportedly would reduce CFC emissions in the U.S. by 16 million pounds per year.

Aside from their insulating properties, aerogels have other promising characteristics. Sound is impeded in its passage through an aerogel, slowed to a speed of 100 to 300 meters per second. This could be exploited in a number of ways, as for example, improving the accuracy and reducing the energy demand of the ultrasonic devices used to gauge distances in autofocus cameras and robotic systems. A layer of aerogel on a camera's ceramic piezoelectric transducer could considerably improve the efficiency with which it generates ultrasonic waves.

Aerogels also have a number of novel applications. Currently, they are components of Cerenkov radiation detectors used in high- energy physics research at CERN near Geneva, Switzerland. Another scientific application currently under consideration involves utilizing aerogels in space like a soft, spongy net to capture fast-moving micrometeroids without damaging them.

The fourth layer is an armored composite layer. A combination composite armor/kinetic absorbing rods layer, this entire layer is comprised of the main armor composite material with staggered lateral armored rods driven through it. The dissipation of energy provided by the rods and their warping of any kinetic projectiles to a degree any penetrative powers are lost provides the most protection against kinetic weapons of any armor level in the ship. If a KE weapon were to hit, it would follow the path of least resistance around the armored rods. The path given would cause it to slip around multiple rods, soon twisting the penetrator into a shape not capable of penetrating any further- generally a Z shape. This concept was taken and expanded upon from the Doujin class Super Dreadnought, which is currently employed by Samtonia.

The fifth layer is another heat absorbant panel. A second and last ditch heat shielding layer. Composed of both aerogel compounds and a carbon-phenolic heat shield compound, this layer is capable of resisting temperatures above 4000 degrees Celsius. This layer is designed to both prevent any heat damage from warping the honey-comb rods below it and to stop any thermite based weapons from cutting through the armor any more.

The sixth layer of the armor is a blast space. Designed to channel explosive force and gases away from essential areas and out of the ship. It is designed to lessen the impact of delayed fused weapons, with any explosion harmlessly damaging non-essential locker storage areas and storage tanks. While the ninth layer has been rated as a highly effective shrapnel absorbing layer. Lining the outsides of all bulkheads, this armor layer is designed to stop any shrapnel from breaking through and damaging essential equipment or personnel. It also acts as a light armor in the event a projectile makes it that far through the ship.

The bulkheads are made of same composite as the Kinetic Absorbing Layer in order to combine flexibility, weight and performance together. These bulkheads are designed to allow explosions to vent their way outside the ship while protecting the interiors of the ship.

The final honeycomb framework literally holds the ship up and together. A network of armored and reeinforced rods, supporting beams, and a unique (well, not for NS) "honeycomb" design that provides a sound support, both structurally and integrally, for the rest of the ship. This portion of the ship is the most time intensive to build, with this framework actually built around the keel before any of the rest of the ship is laid across its skeleton. Though this step contributes to much of the slow building time, it allows the ship to both absorb damage far above the amounts its RHA values would suggest and give it the support necessary to handle the wegiht of the armor scheme and araments.

Finally, the framework connectors connect the framework, armor, and bulkheads together. It has been rated as very strong, they prevent the ship's interior from warping or cracking when strained.

The main armor is designed around an original catamaran design, however, the overall ship is forged through a trimaran hull design. The outer hull, consequently, is armored with a main belt of one thousand millimeters [1,000mm - 39.370079 in.]. According to British sources, trimarans are more resistant to damage; far more resistant. One missile or torpedo will usually disable a modern cruiser, destroyer, or frigate. However, a well-designed trimaran warship can withstand a dozen hits and keep fighting.

The belt armor has a literal reading of one thousand two hundred and seventy millimeters [1,370mm – 53 in.], while the turret faceplates yield one thousand three hundred millimeters [1,437mm - 58 in.]. The main turrets boast an armored reading of one thousand millimeters [1,050mm - 41 in.] while the secondary turrets yield nine hundred millimeters [980mm - 39 in.] and the deck armor is layered with eight hundred and fifty millimeters [870mm - 34 in.]. The superstructure yields another eight hundred and fifty millimeters [850mm - 33.464567 in.], while the bulkheads have nine hundred and fifty millimeters worth of the composite armor [950mm - 37.401575 in.]. Actual RHA readings are much, much higher than this – although, they are either extremely classified, or truthfully unknown.

[Armament]
The Argentine class Galleon is armed with eight double mounts of twenty-five [25] inch rail guns. There are four mounts on each half of the ship, giving the ship a total of sixteen twenty-five inch guns. Secondary guns include two quadruple mounts of eighteen [18] inch rail guns, both mounted at the front of the ship, stacked. Near the center of the ship there are four double mounts of twelve [12] inch rail guns.

A rail gun consists of two conducting rails connected to a power source. The two rails are then also connected by a conducting projectile. When the power source is turned on current will run through the rails and the projectile. The force between two parallel currents is dictated by the equation F = i * L x B, where F is the net force, i is the current, L is the legth of the rails in the circuit, and B is the magnetic force produced by the current. The force that is produced by the rails is perpendicular to the current and magnetic field, this force accelerates the projectile to velocities as high as 10 km/s. Looking at the above equation one can deduce that larger currents will yield larger forces and thus higher velocities. Increasing the length of the rails will also increase the force and thus velocity of the projectile. The magnetic field B is increased with the increase of current as dictated by the Bio-Savart law.

The ship is mainly to be stocked with the newer rail gun depleted uranium SABOT rounds.

http://www.rit.edu/~dih0658/images/railsabot.gif

For more direct combat, there are four double mounts of twelve inch ETC guns. Electrothermal-Chemical (ETC) technology is an advanced gun propulsion candidate that can substantially increase gun performance with less system burden than any other advanced gun propulsion technology. It has been under development since the mid-1980s.

ETC uses electrical energy to augment and control the release of chemical energy from existing or new propellants, and can significantly improve the performance of existing conventional cannons, both direct fire and indirect fire. The electrical energy is used to create a high-temperature plasma, which in turn both ignites the propellants and controls the release of the chemical energy stored in the propellants during the ballistic cycle.

The Argentine class Galleon also has twelve of the brand new Conhort Close-in Weapons Systems. The Conhort uses a variant of the GAU-8 Avenger cannon. The GAU-8 itself weighs 281 kg (620 lb), but the complete weapon, with feed system and drum, weighs 4,029 lb (1,830 kg) with a maximum ammunition load. The entire system is 19 ft 10.5 in (5.05 m) long. The magazine can hold 1,350 rounds, although 1,174 is the more normal load-out. Muzzle velocity with armor-piercing incendiary (API) ammunition is 3,250 ft/s (988 m/s), almost the same as the substantially lighter M61 Vulcan.

The Conhort's system consists of an autocannon and an advanced radar which tracks incoming fire, determines its trajectory, then aims the gun and fires in a matter of seconds. The system is fully automatic, needing no human input once activated. The kinetic energy of the 30mm rounds is sufficient to destroy any missile or shell. The system can also be deployed to protect airfields. However, like the Dutch Goalkeeper and the American Phalanx the Conhort is a last-chance weapon, although considerably accurate. It uses a seperate, smaller, LIDAR Gaussian Transmitter and RADAR tranmitter in order to lock on potential targets and blow them out of the air. Several advantages the Cohort has over the Phalanx system are that it is more accurate, it has a greater kenitic energy impact, more tracking, it's reloaded under the deck, and it can operate under three modes: Auto, Semi-Auto and Manual allowing full operator operability.

Finally, the Argentine class Galleon is defended under the waterline by a series of twelve ASHUM guns. The ASHUM guns consists of extremely rapid, and extremely accurate, fire, guided by SONAR and blue-green LIDAR, using depleted uranium bullets and an elastomer propellant. In past operations, the ASHUM guns, coupled with the MAT-1 anti-torpedoes fired from ASROC cannons, have proved to be valuable to defend the lifeline of the ship.

[Sensor Electronics]
The Argentine has an onboard SONAR array, capable of searching through the mixed layer. However, for under the layer searches it also has the TB-2016, used in the Macabee Leviathan class SSN, which is rolled from a seperate compartment, and is long enough to sit right on the deep sound channel axis, giving the SONAR a full read, leaving no shadow zone. The power of the Macabee SONAR systems has been applauded before, and the Elusive is a testament to it.

The Argentine is also given the same SONAR system which the Rommel was equipped with. The Poseidon SONAR system, which is capable of detecting louder shipping at up to one hundred kilometers away at the right circumstances, and advanced submarines at a maximum range of ten kilometers, burning through anechoic tiling quite easily. The Poseidon is considered one of the better SONAR systems used presently. The Poseidon is also programmed to detect the “black hole” effect which submarines using MHD have; making it easier to detect MHD propelled submarines.

The Argentine also has a new thin line towed array called the TB-163, which is three times as long as the Argentine itself, using thousands of hydrophones to detect submarine presence at up to forty kilometers away (ca. 28 miles). The TB-163 uses a strong steel line to ensure that it doesn’t snap, although this could be potentially dangerous to the crew if its used stupidly. The Zealous also has another towed array called the TB-87 which focuses on shorter distances, using powerful hydrophones to detect close enemies.

Macabee ships use the MRT-1 RADAR system to detect enemy aerial assets anywhere from 120 kilometers minimum to 700 kilometers maximum; depending on the circumstances, stealth levels, and altitude. The MRT-1 use a very powerful super computer and several screens to detect, filter, and portray enemy aerial assets. Based of the TENEX SPY-6 this well built system is, again, one of the better ones in use around the world, and provide the Macabees with a reliable early warning system.

Additionally, Macabee ships integrate the MRT-4 Surface Search RADAR system which was built to focus on sea-skimmers. RADAR radio waves are able to catch both missiles and other objects, such as waves, and filter what is a wave, and what is a missile; and quite easily, and through regular technology. Simply, by using a supercomputer and C based program, the computers can detect range, vector, and velocity – hence, it can distinguish what is a missile or aircraft, and what isn’t. A wave doesn’t last at the same altitude, velocity and vector for ever – the wave falls short quite quickly – while a missile lasts in the air for quite a while (of course). Hence, it wasn’t too difficult to design a system capable of picking sea-skimmers up. The range of the MRT-4, however, is considerably shorter, about a hundred nautical miles.

Finally, the Macabee ships include an MLT-1 LIDAR system which as a range of about 250 kilometers (165 miles). The MLT-1 uses regular LIDAR to detect range, Doppler LIDAR to detect velocity, and DIAL LIDAR to detect chemical composition. The newer Gaussian LIDAR system used by Macabee ships has two charged plates placed parallel to each other, one charged negative, the other positive. This in turn begins an electrical current. The Gaussian system doesn't work on reflected waves. Instead, it relies on electrical impulses, rendering current anti-LIDAR techniques inefficient and obsolete.

The Argentine is also equipped with a SODAR array. Sodar (sonic detection and ranging) systems are used to remotely measure the vertical turbulence structure and the wind profile of the lower layer of the atmosphere. Sodar systems are like radar (radio detection and ranging) systems except that sound waves rather than radio waves are used for detection. Other names used for sodar systems include sounder, echosounder and acoustic radar. A more familiar related term may be sonar, which stands for sound navigation ranging. Sonar systems detect the presence and location of objects submerged in water (e.g., submarines) by means of sonic waves reflected back to the source. Sodar systems are similar except the medium is air instead of water and reflection is due to the scattering of sound by atmospheric turbulence.

Most sodar systems operate by issuing an acoustic pulse and then listen for the return signal for a short period of time. Generally, both the intensity and the Doppler (frequency) shift of the return signal are analyzed to determine the wind speed, wind direction and turbulent character of the atmosphere.

[EMP Hardening]
There are two things to consider when considering hardening targets against EMP. The first question to answer is whether the hardened system will become useless if shielded. The second question to be answered is whether the target is economically worthwhile to harden. The answers to these two questions are used to determine what devices should be shielded

To explain the first consideration, Makoff and Tsipis give the following simple example. If there was a communication plane with many antennas used to collect and transfer data, it would not be useful if its antennas were removed. However, to harden the plane, the antennas would need to be removed because they provide a direct path to the interior of the plane. It is important to understand how the hardening will affect the performance of the hardened item.

The second consideration is very easy to understand. Some systems, although important, may not seem worthwhile enough to harden due to the high costs of shielding. "It may cost from 30% to 50% of the cost of a ground based communication center…just to refit it to withstand EMP," and, "as high as 10% of the cost for each plane."

There are two basic ways to harden items against EMP effects.20 The first method is metallic shielding. The alternative is tailored hardening. Both methods will be briefly described.

Metallic shielding is used to, "Exclude energy propagated through fields in space." Shields are made of a continuous piece of some metal such as steel or copper. A metal enclosure generally does not fully shield the interior because of the small holes that are likely to exist. Therefore, this type of shielding often contains additional elements to create the barrier. Commonly, only a fraction of a millimeter of a metal is needed to supply adequate protection. This shield must completely surround the item to be shielded. A tight box must be formed to create the shield. The cost of such shielding (in1986 dollars) is $1000 per square meter for a welded-steel shield after installation.

The alternative method, tailored hardening, is a more cost-effective way of hardening. In this method, only the most vulnerable elements and circuits are redesigned to be more rugged. The more rugged elements will be able to withstand much higher currents. However, a committee of the National Academy of Sciences is skeptical of this method due to unpredictable failures in testing. Also, the use of this method is not recommended by the National Research Council. They doubted whether the approximations made to evaluate susceptibilities of the components were accurate. They did concede that tailored hardening may be useful to make existing systems less vulnerable.

[Propulsion]
The Argentine class Super Dreadnought is driven by ten Baldur pebble bed nuclear reactors. The Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR) is a new type of high temperature helium gas-cooled nuclear reactor, which builds and advances on world-wide nuclear operators' experience of older reactor designs. The most remarkable feature of these reactors is that they use attributes inherent in and natural to the processes of nuclear energy generation to enhance safety features. More importantly, it is also a practical and cost-effective solution to most of the logistics of generating electricity.

http://www.eskom.co.za/nuclear_energy/pebble_bed/image1_2.gif

To protect the reactor there are several infra-red detection devices around the uranium core, and at a note from a pressure sensor, either made by water or a man made collision, the Baldur nuclear reactor is automatically shut off, save for the coolant flow.

http://www.eskom.co.za/nuclear_energy/pebble_bed/coated_part.gif

The nature of the chain reaction that takes place in the PBMR is exactly the same as the one that takes place at Koeberg. (Refer to Koeberg experience - Fuel )

The fuel used in a PBMR consists of "spheres" which are designed in such a way that they contain their radioactivity. The PBMR fuel is based on proven high quality fuel used in Germany.

Each sphere is about the size of a tennis ball and consists of an outer graphite matrix (covering) and an inner fuel zone The fuel zone of a single sphere can contain up to 15 000 "particles". Each particle is coated with a special barrier coating, which ensures that radioactivity is kept locked inside the particle. One of the barriers,the silicon carbide barrier, is so dense that no gaseous or metallic radioactive products can escape. (it retains its density up to temperatures of over 1 700 degrees Celsius). The reactor is loaded with over 440 000 spheres - three quarters of which are fuel spheres and one quarter graphite spheres - at any one time. Fuel spheres are continually being added to the core from the top and removed from the bottom. The removed spheres are measured to see if all the uranium has been used. If it has, the sphere is sent to the spent fuel storage system, and if not, it is reloaded in the core. An average fuel sphere will pass through the core about 10 times before being discharged. the graphite spheres are always re-used. The graphite spheres are used as a moderator. They absorb and reduce the energy of the neutrons so that these can reach the right energy level needed to sustain the chain reaction.

The Baldur nuclear reactors are hooked up to a conducting system, which in turn power a series of Louis-Alice Power Supplies, which then go through a series of thousands of capacitors, and then again through another motor-generator, and finally to their respective water jets and maneuvering pods. There are eight water jets on the outer hulls, and four in the inner hulls. The Argentine class galleon also boasts six maneuvering jets, three on each side.

There are also two, smaller, back-up nuclear reactors in case of failure of the ten Baldur pebbledbed nuclear reactors. The two back-ups, albeit smaller, follow the same technological procedure as the main reactors.

[Crew]
The Argentine’s naval crew complement consists of seven thousand two hundred and thirty-six non-officers, NCOs, junior officers and general officers.

Just as important, however, is the fact that each Argentine class Galleon can carry up to ten thousand infantry, and also holds six hovercraft landing craft for amphibious operations – although all of this is only included in case of a planned amphibious operation.

[Other Statistics]
[Maximum Velocity:] 30 Knots
[Length:] 680 Meters
[Width:] 136 Meters
[Draught:] 13.6 Meters
[Displacement:] 1,500,000 Tonnes fully loaded

Titan-class Trimaran Fleet Carrier

Titan Class Trimaran Fleet Carrier (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v387/Praetonia/Imperial%20Praetonian%20Shipyards/TitanClassAircraftCarrier.gif)

Length: 396m
Beam: 80.6m
Draught: 15.2m
Crew:: 1,368 Naval; 80 Marines; 2,302 Air Crew
Displacement: 150,235 tonnes
Speed:: 32knts (cruise) 35knts (max)
Range: Limited only by consumables
Armament: 38x 3”/54 ETC Naval Autocannon (Forecastle and along outriggers in double turrets);
2x 64 cell Ballista VLS (Island; General load: SAM / SSM; 256 missiles);
16 cell Ballista VLS (; General load: SAAM, 64 missiles);
12x Testudo CIWS (including gun, light rockets and countermeasure suite);
8x SubTestudo (anti-torpedo super-cav 30mm cannon and countermeasures)
Aviation: Space for storing and maintaining 128 aeroplanes and 32 helicopters
Armour: Standard IPO Armour Scheme (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v387/Praetonia/TigerAmourScheme.gif)
210mm (armoured belt);
155mm (general hull and deck);
230mm (over reactors and magazines)
Air Search Radar: GO-82 A ‘Causa’ Active / Passive Phased Array
Surface Search Radar: GO-82 B ‘Causa’ Active / Passive Phased Array
Fire Control Radar: GO-83 ‘Simplex’ Phased Array
Sonar: GO-84 'Polax' Towed Active / Passive Array Arrays
Propulsion: Four IPO-02 Pebblebedded Nuclear Reactors, each attached to a single shaft, each with two five bladed propellers
Running Costs: $200,000,000 per year

The Titan Class Trimaran Fleet Carrier is, perhaps surprisingly, the first trimaran carrier to be built by IPS and to serve in the Imperial Praetonian Navy. Although a new class, it does not disappoint, and carries a formidable combat load of aircraft and helicopters, as well as a significant missile and light gun armament for countering air and missile threats.

The vessel is capable of carrying more than twice as many aircraft as the planned British Queen Elizabeth Class, and more than 50% more aircraft than the American Nimitz Class. It is, however, not a carrier so massive that it can be hit and seriously damaged by unguided rockets and other such weapons. The vessel is fast and well armoured, as well as featuring a considerable armament for countering low-flying aircraft and littoral threats.

Omega-class Trimaran Heavy Battleship


Omega Class Trimaran Heavy Battleship (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v387/Praetonia/Imperial%20Praetonian%20Shipyards/OmegaClassBattleship2.gif)

Length: 388m
Beam: 77.4m
Draught: 14.2m
Crew:: 2,875 Naval; 150 Marines
Displacement: 172,376 tonnes
Speed:: 30knts (cruise) 32knts (max)
Range: Limited only by consumables
Armament: 12x 20”/64 ETC Naval Cannon (A, B, X and Y positions in triple turrets);
24x 6"/54 ETC Naval Cannon (Along both outriggers in double turrets);
7x 64 cell Ballista VLS (Amidships; General load: SAM / SSM; 896 missiles);
2x 16 cell Ballista VLS (Forecastle and Amidships; General load: SAAM, 128 missiles);
36x Testudo CIWS (including gun, light rockets and countermeasure suite);
8x SubTestudo (anti-torpedo super-cav 30mm cannon and countermeasures)
Aviation: Space for storing and maintaining twelve helicopters, or six VTOL aeroplanes
Armour: Standard IPO Armour Scheme (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v387/Praetonia/TigerAmourScheme.gif)
650mm (turret and armoured belt);
320mm (general hull and deck);
720mm (over reactors and magazines)
Air Search Radar: GO-82 A ‘Causa’ Active / Passive Phased Array
Surface Search Radar: GO-82 B ‘Causa’ Active / Passive Phased Array
Fire Control Radar: GO-83 ‘Simplex’ Phased Array
Sonar: GO-84 'Polax' Towed Active / Passive Array Arrays
Propulsion: Four IPO-02 Pebblebedded Nuclear Reactors, each attached to a single shaft, each with two five bladed propellers
Running Costs: $300,000,000 per year

The Omega Class Battleship is one of the only ships to have been continued from its original production run with the previous incarnation of IPS. The ship has, however, had a major overhaul, with the torpedo tubes being removed and replaced with increased VLS ASROC capability for anti-submarine work. The aviation facilities have been moved to the outrigger hulls to free up room for an additional turret of 20" guns, allowing for a better distribution of guns now in triple turrets. This means that a single shell to a turret can no longer knock out a third of the ship's gun armament. The vessel has also been lengthened, and a considerable extra number of VLS cells have been added.

This vessel is now viewed by the Praetonian Navy has a Light or Sub-Dreadnaught, due to its size and considerable gun armament. It is not nearly as large as the Imperial or Freedom Class vessels currently employed by the Praetonian Navy, nor is it as large as numerous proposals for a pocket-dreadnaught mounting 25” guns. It is, however, very large by battleship standards and capable of destroying a conventional battleship with relative ease.

Vulture-class Arsenal Ship (Refit)

Vulture Class Trimaran Arsenal Ship [REFIT] (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v387/Praetonia/Imperial%20Praetonian%20Shipyards/VultureClassArsenalShip2.gif)

Length: 284m
Beam: 76m
Draught: 9.1m
Crew:: 68 Naval; 32 Marines
Displacement: 32,234 tonnes
Speed:: 31knts (cruise) 35knts (max)
Range: Limited only by nuclear fuel and consumables
Armament: 2x 8”/56 ETC Naval Cannon (A and Y positions in Single Turrets);
6x 128 cell Ballista VLS (along the entire hull; General load: SAM / SSM; 1536 missiles);
2x 16 cell Ballista VLS (forecastle and aft; General load: SAAM; 128 missiles);
10x Testudo CIWS (including gun, light missiles and countermeasure suite);
2x 30mm cannon (amidships; port and starboard in single mounts)
Armour:
152mm (turret and armoured belt);
105mm (general hull and deck);
210mm (over reactors and magazines)
Aircraft: Space for storing and maintaining two helicopters and four UAVs, or four VTOL aeroplanes
Air Search Radar: GO-82 A ‘Causa’ Active / Passive Phased Array
Surface Search Radar: GO-82 B ‘Causa’ Active / Passive Phased Array
Fire Control Radar: GO-83 ‘Simplex’ Phased Array
Propulsion: Two GNO-01 Nuclear Engines, each attached to a single shaft, each with two five bladed propellers
Running Costs: $125,000,000 per year

The Vulture Class refit is a major upgrade from the original. Two more banks of 128 cell VLS systems have been added, and increased autonomy has been implemented for ship systems. Most of the freed up space has been used for extra storage, but some has been converted into increased marine barracking. The Vulture Class carries enough missiles to destroy entire fleets of older ships such as those used by the US and Russian navies, and enough to ensure a reasonable number of hits against a NS navy with advanced missile defence systems.

The vessel is also used in the Imperial Praetonian navy in a missile-defence role, being filled with SAAMs to defend against the very attacks that the vessel is also designed to make. The vessel is powerful asset both in defence and offence, and deserves a place in every Praetonian-built navy.

Eagle-class Trimaran Heavy Cruiser

Eagle Class Trimaran Heavy Cruiser (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v387/Praetonia/Imperial%20Praetonian%20Shipyards/EagleClassDestroyerRefit.gif)

Length: 232m
Beam: 61m
Draught: 7.3m
Crew:: 314 Naval; 32 Marines
Displacement: 42,349 tonnes
Speed:: 30knts (cruise) 33knts (max)
Range: Limited only by consumables
Armament: 6x 8”/64 ETC Naval Cannon (A and Y positions in Triple Turrets);
6x 64cell Ballista VLS (along the port and starboard outriggers; General load: SSM / SAM; 768 missiles);
10x 4.5"/54 ETC High-Velocity Naval Cannon (two on each outrigger, one behind aft turret in double turrets);
14x Testudo CIWS (including gun, light rockets and countermeasure suite);
2x 30mm cannon (amidships; port and starboard in single mounts);
8x SubTestudo (anti-torpedo super-cav 30mm cannon and countermeasures)
Armour: Standard IPO Armour Scheme (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v387/Praetonia/TigerAmourScheme.gif)
203mm (turret faceplates and armoured belt);
102mm (general hull);
280mm (over reactors and magazines)
Air Search Radar: GO-82 A ‘Causa’ Active / Passive Phased Array
Surface Search Radar: GO-82 B ‘Causa’ Active / Passive Phased Array
Fire Control Radar: GO-83 ‘Simplex’ Phased Array
Propulsion: Two GNO-01 Nuclear Engines, each attached to a single shaft, each with two five bladed propellers
Running Costs: $250,000,000 per year

The Eagle Class is a new general surface combatant designed for the Imperial Praetonian navy in the cruiser role. It is large and heavy but it packs a considerable punch both in gun and missile loadout, carries helicopters and is capable of carrying VTOL and some STOVL planes. The ship is also armoured against RL missiles including Exocets and Harpoons and it includes protection against NBC and EMP blasts.

The vessel is designed along unconventional lines, and the result has been rather impressive, if very expensive. Capable of filling any role, the Eagle is an odd-looking ship, but a valuable asset to any fleet, especially smaller flotillas and task forces which require a wide range of abilities from only a small range of ships.

Praefele-class Flight II Trimaran Destroyer

Praefele Class DDN (Flight II)

Overview

The Praefele Class destroyer is designed to provide a fleet with a high-quality platform that can be used to counter aerial and subsurface threats, as well as presenting a highly dangerous threat to an enemy surface fleet itself. The Praefele is designed to be able to work well in a large fleet of thousands of ships as an escort, or to fly the flag abroad on its own or in small groups of other destroyers with cruise missiles. The ship is powered by a nuclear reactor, enabling it to stay at sea for as long as its supplies will allow it, and removing all of the logistical complexities of needing to refuel large numbers of ships at sea during prolonged engagements, wars and blockades. The vessel is designed to face practically any threat in existance and aquit itself well, even in the face of whithering enemy fire.

Armament

The vessel is primarily armed with two 64 cell Ballista VLS emplacements, one for and one aft. Each loaded with a single missile, these give the vessel striking power against aerial threats through the use of SAMs, surface targets through the use of SSMs, sub-surface targets through the use of 'ASROC' style missile-launched torpedos and ground-based threats through the use of land attack missiles. The vessel generally has a helicopter that can counter a variety of threats. In addition to this powerful missile armament, the Praefele is equipped with a number of torpedo launchers which enable it to engage enemy warships at close range, as well as submarines attempting to slip past the vessel, or attack it directly. The vessel is armed also with two powerful 6" IS-ETC naval guns mounted for in a single turret, giving the vessel excellent scope for attacking land-based targets in support of ground troops.

Protection

In order to protect itself from enemy fire, the vessel is made of a strong titanium superstructure, layed with ballistic ceramics and high-quality steel over its entire structure although the armour is strongest over areas where missiles are more likely to hit. This, in addition to the trimaran structure of the vessel, give it excellent survivability and almost perfect resistance to SSMs like the Harpoon and the Exocet. In addition to passive protection, the vessel is armed with two AMMS (Anti-Missile Missile Systems) which each carry 32 modified 'Comet' missiles each and which are designed to engage and intercept enemy missile and close-in aircraft threats automatically. The vessel is finally equipped with two dual 40mm autocannon-armed CIWS mounts, which are also designed to intercept missiles and low-flying aircraft.


General Specifications

Dimensions: (length:) 184m; (beam:) 40m; (draught:) 9m
Complement: 286 Officers and Ratings
Propulsion: 1x Imperial Atomworks 105MW AGCR; 1x Imperial Oil & Gas 8.2MW CODAG Turbine powering two internal IPS Mk.12 Waterjets
Maximum Speed: 38kts
Cruising Speed: 34kts
Armour / Construction: Ballistic ceramics and high-tensile strength steel alloys backed by a titanium superstructure and spectra fibre spalling layer. Void spaces around engines and magazines. Advanced fire-control systems throughout vessel. Double bottomed and equipped with reinforced keel for torpedo protection
Armament:
2x 6" IS-ETC Naval Guns in a single turret (pos. A) (500 shells)
2x Testudo C(ombined)G(un)R(ocket)CIWS (12,000 shells; 12 rockets)
4x Testudo-S S(upercavitating)G(un)CIWS (16,000 shells)
4x 7.7mm caseless chainguns
Missiles
2x 64 (8x8) cell Ballista VLS (128 missiles)
1x 32 (4x8) cell Ballista VLS (32 missiles)
2x 32 cell Wellington AMMS (64 missiles)
Torpedoes
4x 25" (635mm) Torpedo Tubes (42 weapons)
Aviation: 1x Helicopter or VTOL aircraft (hangar space); 2x Helicopter or VTOL aircraft (maximum stowage)
Endurance: (fuel:) 16 years' continuous; (consumables:) 6 months' standard
Displacement: 17,323 metric tonnes
Electronics: ImpElec P-111 Surface-Search Radar; ImpElec P-211 Air-Search Radar; ImpElec A-111 SubSurface-Search Sonar; ImpElec A-722 Surface Countermeasure Co-ordination Radar & Systems; ImpElec A-711 SubSurface-Search Countermeasure Co-ordination Radar & Systems; ImpElec G-101 SCG Naval Fire Control Radar; ImpOrd CS-230 Surface Countermeasures Suite; ImpOrd CC-450 SubSurface Countermeasures Suite

Operating Costs: $65,000,000

Jupiter-class ASW Frigate

Jupiter Class ASW Frigate (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v387/Praetonia/JupiterClassASWFrigate.gif)

Length: 132m
Beam: 28m
Draught: 3.6m
Crew:: 120 Naval; 16 Marines
Displacement: 7,293 tonnes
Speed:: 33knts (cruise) 37knts (max)
Range: Limited only by consumables
Armament: 2x 4.5”/52 ETC Naval Cannon (A and Z positions in single turrets);
1x 32 (8x4) cell Ballista VLS (Forecastle; General load: SAM / SSM; 64 missiles);
1x 32 (8x4) cell Ballista VLS (Superstructure; General load: SAAM; 128 missiles);
2x Quadruple Torpedo Launchers in Armoured Mounts (amidships; port / starboard);
5x Testudo CIWS (including gun, light rockets and countermeasure suite);
2x SubTestudo (anti-torpedo super-cav 30mm cannon and countermeasures)
Aviation: Space for storing and maintaining two helicopters
Armour: Standard IPO Armour Scheme (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v387/Praetonia/TigerAmourScheme.gif)
85mm (turret and armoured belt);
35mm (general hull);
105mm (over reactors and magazines)
Air Search Radar: GO-82 A ‘Causa’ Active / Passive Phased Array
Surface Search Radar: GO-82 B ‘Causa’ Active / Passive Phased Array
Fire Control Radar: GO-83 ‘Simplex’ Phased Array
Sonar: GO-84 'Polax' Bow Mounted and Towed Active / Passive Array Arrays
Propulsion: One IPO-01 Pebblebedded Nuclear Reactor, attached to two shafts, with two four bladed propellers
Running Costs: $75,000,000 per year

The Jupiter Class is the smallest "battlefleet" ship in the Praetonian navy. It is designed to act as a picket ship, and is therefore usually armed with numerous SAAMs, as well as ASROC-style missiles and SAMs. The ship is also the smallest ship produced by IPS to be powered by nuclear means, and a conventional version is under strong consideration.

The Jupiter is also an excellent vessel to be used in a patrol role. It is capable of forming the bulk of a convoy escort, and is equally adept at performing anti-piracy operations in home waters. The Jupiter Class is used extensively in the Praetonian coastguard alone with smaller supporting vessels, and it is also used to protect small islands surrounding Praetonia from attack.

Oceania-class large escort vessel (Halberdgardian designation of Ward-class escort cruisers)



Background: The performance of the Artitsan-built TAMD Mark III vessel in the Incorporated Sarzonian Navy has been nothing short of sterling in the time that the Portland Iron Works have had a domestic license to produce these ships for the ISN. However, as fine as it is, the design is beginning to show some age and its place within Sarzonian naval doctrine is less secure than it once was. As a result, engineers at the Portland Iron Works have taken the TAMD Mk III and have worked to update it to Sarzonian standards of protection, electronics, weaponry, and doctrine, to come up with the new Oceania-class Trimaran large escort.

Owing to greater automation, the TAMD Mk III as built by the Portland Iron Works has some of the most spacious accomodations anywhere on a Sarzonian naval warship. The Oceania does not follow in its predecessor's footsteps in this regard. Enlisted rates have a 1.9 m x 0.8 m x 0.5 m locker to store their belongings and must bunk and use communal shower facilities. Lower-tiered officers fare somewhat better, having a 2.5 m x 3 m cabin, whilst senior level officers (first lieutenant and higher ranks) have still more space. This ship is not designed to be comfortable for its crew. It is designed to ensure that large trimaran-hulled capital ships remain afloat at all costs.

Armament: Unlike the TAMD Mk III, the Oceania places a larger premium on self-defence and is armed with two triple turrets of 635 mm ETC guns in A and B positions fore. A large compliment of newly-built 120 mm ETC guns are optimised against "fast ships" in the way many 90 mm guns are. Its long banks of SAMs are integrated with a more advanced AEGIS-similar threat management system that can detect missile fire, assign priority to targets, and fire a multi-layered assault against inbound weapons. In the vein of last-ditch defence, extensive employment of the Rattlesnake CIWS ensures that the Oceania and the ships it escorts will be well-protected.

Secondary armaments include two banks of anti-surface missiles to use to defend fleets against missile saturation attacks and Trimaran-hulled superdreadnaughts against tactical nuclear attacks. With Sarzonia's former allies Axis Nova announcing a draconian policy against the use of superdreadnaughts against it or its allies, the need for such an escort has become profound to Sarzonian thinking. Extensive CIWS and so-called underwater CIWS' protection against missiles and torpedoes respectively give the Oceania many advantages over other escort ships in the world's navies. In addition, the Oceania carries eight 'Bayonet' ultralarge torpedoes, which can serve the ship well in the event it is used for offensive operations.

Protection ISN doctrine places strong emphasis on protection for all its ships, and the Oceania benefits from this doctrinal requirement. The ship uses some of the most advanced materials in construction, building techniques that further promote survivability, and adds extensive protection against kinetic energy attacks to make the Oceania arguably the hardest escort to sink on the world's oceans today.

Oceania-class large escort vessel
Length: 428 m; Beam: 86 m; Draught: 14.9 m
Displacement: 270,960 tonnes full load
Armament: 3 x 2 635 mm ETC guns in A & B positions; 16 x 2 120 mm ETC guns; 128 x 2 cell Mk 140 SAM launchers; 4 x ASROC missile launchers capable of launching Scourge and Scorcher ASuW missiles or Bayonet ultralarge torpedo; 8 x 650 mm TT; 36 x 'Rattlesnake' CIWS; 24 x 'underwater CIWS'
Protection: 305 mm-460 mm advanced armour composite (titanium, vanadium, aluminum, amorphous steel, ballistic ceramics); double-bottomed, reinforced keel with void spaces. Hardened crossbeams installed across bulkheads, KERI foam installed in void spaces, composite rods and kinetic reducing ceramic plates add protection against KE attacks.
Propulsion: Four Pebblebed nuclear reactors; four internalised waterjets. 29.2 knots maximum.
Complement: 2,900.
Aircraft: Capable of launching up to 10 UAVs or medium scout helicopters
Electronics: Sensors: AN/SPY-3B MFR multi-function radar; AN/SPS-64(V)10 navigational radar; AN/SQS-56 (K) hull mounted sonar; Electronics Warfare Suite: AN/SLY-2 (V) Advanced Integrated Electronic Warfare System (AIEWS); Decoys: AN/SLQ-49; AN/SLQ-25 Nixie; MK-53 Nulka DLS; Fire Control: MK-99 FCS missile fire control; Gun fire control: MK-88 GFCS (System calculates ballistic gun orders, The GFCS conducts direct firing attacks against surface radar and optically tracked targets); Torpedo Fire Control: MK-117 ACWSCS (Anti-Submarine Weapon Control System, Underwater Fire Control System); Countermeasures: Towed array sonar utilizing a hull transducer or a towed active transducer or both. It is an integrated ASW, Mine Avoidance and Torpedo Defense underwater system.

Cartagena-class SSN



[Images]
http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/ssn-virginia-56.jpg
http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/nssn/images/nssn5.jpg

[Abstract]
After many years of success regarding the use of the Toledo class SSN it was decided that a newer, more advance, and much more effective nuclear attack submarine was needed if the Empire's submarine naval force was to stay on par with other naval powers around the world. Consequently, by the accension of Jonach to the government in 2005 the administration had put money into a new project, labeled S116, destined to craft the new Cartagena class SSN [501].

The Cartagena class SSN is a top of the line submarine, developed with amongst the best technologies currently available around the world, and some only available to allied states. The Cartagena is destined to make its name known around the world, and in accordance has been opened for export.

The Golden Throne has ordered a total of four hundred of the new SSNs, replacing all four hundred of the Toledo class SSNs which are to be mothballed, and consequently scrapped for construction of other submersibles. The Cartagena is to be one of the most widely used submarines around the world, especially in the Golden Throne's and allied navies.
The ship is designed using a state-of-the-art digital database, which allows members of the IPPD teams to work from a single design database and provides three-dimensional electronic mockups throughout the design process.

[Hull Design and Construction]
The Cartagena class SSN takes on a teardrop shape, as seen in the Virginia class SSN, and showing resemblence to technology first released with the Soviet/Russian Kilo class SSK [diesel attack submarine]. The teardrop shape was designed to further disperse the pressure mounted by water, especially at lower depths. Meaning, the rounder shape of the aft of the submarine allows the water to disperse around the hull, avoiding mounting pressure on a single point, as the water "flows" around the hull. Therefore, the teardrop shaped hull gives the Cartagena a much larger crush depth.

The frame of the Cartagena class SSN is fully made of titanium, amongst the strongest conventional metals known to man. Although rather expensive, it does allow to extend the much important crush depth needed for modern submarines. Furthermore, it gives the hull a greater tensile strength, and should be able to survive up to, and perhaps more than, two standard ADCAP [MK 48] torpedoes.

The hull is constructed of a composite material, designed by Imperial engineers. Namely, a polymer material [or plastic material] is weaved around a matrix, giving it additional strength for resistance. The polymer is also reinforced with titanium and steel strands, as well as the ceramics found in chobham and cermat. Furthermore, there are also strands of depleted uranium and vanadium, giving the hull a strength proportional to that of a surface ship. There are also several bulkheads and a host of NBC protection agents, in order to defend from chemical to nuclear attacks in the submarine layer.

The hull and frame gives the Cartagena class SSN an outstanding crush depth of 2.5 kilometers under perfect circumstances. The hull also incorporates ROR-CHO composite technology developed by BFGoodrich which give the submarine and its sonar windows awesome acoustical performance, while keeping structural integrity.

Moreover, the hull and screws are pocketed by Super Flow cavitation absorbers. SuperFlow power absorbers use forged stainless steel shafts, which have internal hubs for attachment of the impeller. The attachment point to the hub is part of the forging, not a keyway or serration. The stainless steel forged shafts, used in the dynamometers currently available on SF-901s, have not experienced a single failure in their current configurations, going back a number of years. The SuperFlow absorber design uses a rounded pocket which is considerably more efficient at transferring torque, while reducing the shock effect of the water moving from the rotor to the stator. As a consequence, the rotor is smaller in diameter and contains much less volume for rapid response. The area exposed to the water is less, and many of these units have been in operation more than 15 years at this time. The SuperFlow dynamometers are used extensively for endurance testing, and customers report accumulating more than 10,000 hours on the absorbers. SuperFlow’s durability is proven by many years of in-field use.
Finally, the hull is layered with a thin strip of gaucho, a black rubbery substance designed to absorb active sound waves, as well as anechoic tiling.

[Propulsion]
The Cartagena class SSN is driven by a single Baldur pebble bed nuclear reactor. The Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR) is a new type of high temperature helium gas-cooled nuclear reactor, which builds and advances on world-wide nuclear operators' experience of older reactor designs. The most remarkable feature of these reactors is that they use attributes inherent in and natural to the processes of nuclear energy generation to enhance safety features. More importantly, it is also a practical and cost-effective solution to most of the logistics of generating electricity.

http://www.eskom.co.za/nuclear_energy/pebble_bed/image1_2.gif

To protect the reactor there are several infra-red detection devices around the uranium core, and at a note from a pressure sensor, either made by water or a man made collision, the Baldur nuclear reactor is automatically shut off, save for the coolant flow.

http://www.eskom.co.za/nuclear_energy/pebble_bed/coated_part.gif

The nature of the chain reaction that takes place in the PBMR is exactly the same as the one that takes place at Koeberg. (Refer to Koeberg experience - Fuel )

The fuel used in a PBMR consists of "spheres" which are designed in such a way that they contain their radioactivity. The PBMR fuel is based on proven high quality fuel used in Germany.

Each sphere is about the size of a tennis ball and consists of an outer graphite matrix (covering) and an inner fuel zone The fuel zone of a single sphere can contain up to 15 000 "particles". Each particle is coated with a special barrier coating, which ensures that radioactivity is kept locked inside the particle. One of the barriers,the silicon carbide barrier, is so dense that no gaseous or metallic radioactive products can escape. (it retains its density up to temperatures of over 1 700 degrees Celsius). The reactor is loaded with over 440 000 spheres - three quarters of which are fuel spheres and one quarter graphite spheres - at any one time. Fuel spheres are continually being added to the core from the top and removed from the bottom. The removed spheres are measured to see if all the uranium has been used. If it has, the sphere is sent to the spent fuel storage system, and if not, it is reloaded in the core. An average fuel sphere will pass through the core about 10 times before being discharged. the graphite spheres are always re-used. The graphite spheres are used as a moderator. They absorb and reduce the energy of the neutrons so that these can reach the right energy level needed to sustain the chain reaction.

[Electronic Detection Devices]
AN/BQQ-5 Sonar
AN/BQQ-5 bow-mounted spherical array sonar acoustic system is deployed on SSN 637 and SSN 501 attack submarine classes. This low frequency passive and active search and attack sonar is supplied by IBM. The AN/BQQ-5E sonar with the TB-29 towed array and Combat Control System (CCS) Mk 2, known collectively as the QE-2 System, provides a functionally equivalent system for the Cartagena class submarines. Enhancements include increases in acoustic performance, improved combat control capabilities and replacement of obsolete equipment.

OPEVAL for AN/BQQ-5E system with the TB-29 Array completed in FY 1998; this system will provide quantum improvements in long-range detection and localization for SSN 501 Class Submarines. Engineering Change Proposal (ECP) 7001 to AN/BQQ-5E will provide Low Frequency Active Interference Rejection, Dual Towed Array Processing, and Full Spectrum Processing to SSN 501 Class Submarines.

The AN/BSY-1 ECP 1000, the AN/BQQ-5 Medium Frequency Active Improvement program and Improved Control Display Console Obsolete Equipment Replacement have been modified to become the basis of the Acoustics Rapid Commercial Off The Shelf Insertion (A-RCI) program. A-RCI is a multi-phased, evolutionary development effort geared toward addressing Acoustic Superiority issues through the rapid introduction of interim development products applicable to SSN 501,Class Submarines. A-RCI Phases I and II introduce towed array processing improvements; A-RCI Phase III introduces spherical array processing improvements.

The Cartagena Submarine System Improvement Program develops and integrates command and control improvements needed to maintain Cartagena submarine operational capability through the life cycle of this vital strategic asset. The program conducts efforts needed to ensure platform invulnerability, and reduce life cycle costs. Recent efforts have included the development of AN/BQQ-6 Sonar to AN/BQQ-5E Sonar Translator.

TB-113, TB-23 Towed Array and TACTAS
The TB-113 towed array is the newest towed array currently in service with the Imperial Navy. Being about three times as long as the current Elusive class Battleship it also has a grand host of hundreds of sensitive hydrophones running down the final seventy-five meters length of steel wire.

It was designed to supplement the AN/BQQ-5 spherical array, and to exceed existent towed arrays. However, the older TB-23 towed array is still in use, being the only short towed array in service with the Imperial Navy.

The AN/SQR-19 Tactical Towed Array SONAR (TACTAS) provides very long-range passive detection of enemy submarines. TACTAS is a long cable full of microphones that is towed about a mile behind the ship. It is towed so far behind the ship so as to not let noise radiating from the shipitself interfere with the noise picked up from targets. Using that noise can determine exactly what ship or submarine is being tracked. The AN/SQR-19B Tactical Array SONAR (TACTAS) is a passive towed array system which provides the ability to detect, classify, and track a large number of submarine contacts at increased ranges. TACTAS is a component sensor of the AN/SQQ-89(V)6 ASW Combat System, and provides significant improvements in passive detection and localization, searching throughout 360 degrees at tactical ship speeds. Processing of complex TACTAS data is performed by the largest computer program assembly ever developed for surface ship anti-submarine warfare.

Meteorology and Oceanography Center Detachment TACTAS support products describe oceanographic and acoustic conditions (using range dependent models) in the prosecution area for towed array ships tasked by CTF-69 for ASW operations. This message is provided when own ship Sonar In-situ Mode Assessment System (SIMAS) or the Mobile Environmental Team’s Mobile Oceanographic Support System MOSS) are not available. It is tailored to the specific towed array carried onboard. The message is transmitted prior to the start of a prosecution and daily thereafter or as requested.


General SONAR Use
Anti-submarine warfare (ASW) usually, but not always, involves the use of sonar. Although the vagaries of the environment make it difficult to predict and use, there is no other type of energy propagation that travels so far in the ocean without significant losses as acoustics waves. In this section, we describe the principles of operation of the major types of sonar systems and one non-acoustic system (MAD). We begin with the system that most closely resembles the operation of basic radar, namely active sonar.

Transmitter. The transmitter generates the outgoing pulse. It determines pulse width, PRF, modulation (optional), and carrier frequency. The output power can be controlled by the operator. The source level may be limited for several reasons. If the transducers are driven with too much power, they can cavitate (drop the pressure so low that the water boils). This is called quenching, and it can destroy the transducer since the normal backpressure is removed when bubbles form on its surface. Since the normal restoring force is gone, the surface of the transducer can travel too far (over-range) and damage itself. The quenching power limit increases with depth due to the increased ambient pressure.
Another common phenomenon that limits the maximum source level is reverberation, which is an echo from the immediate surrounding volume of water. The reverberation level (RL) increases with the source level (SL). At some point the reverberation exceeds the noise level (NL) and will dominate the return signal. Since reverberation always comes back from the same direction you are projecting, the reduction in background noise, quantified by the directivity index (DI) does not apply. When
RL > NL - DI,
the system is said to be reverberation-limited. The figure of merit equation must be modified to reflect this:

FOMactive (reverberation-limited) = SL + TS - RL - DT

When the system becomes reverberation-limited, the display will begin to be dominated by noise near own ship in the direction the active sonar is projecting. The solution is to reduce power to just below the level at which reverberation-limiting occurred.

Transducer array. The individual transducers are simple elements with little or no directionality. They are arranged in an array to improve the directivity index, which improves the figure-of-merit by noise reduction. The array of transducers reduces the beamwidth in the horizontal (or azimuthal) direction, and is usually circular in order to give more or less complete coverage, with the exception of the region directly behind the array (where the ship is). The array is protected from noise by own ship by discontinuing the array in the after regions, and also by putting in sound attenuating material. This region aft of a hull-mounted array, from which the sonar system cannot detect is called the baffles.

The array is also configured to reduce the beamwidth in the vertical direction. Normally a hull-mounted array should only receive sound from the downward direction, not directly ahead, since the noise from the ocean's surface would destroy the sonar's performance.

Beamforming processor. The input/output of each transducer is put through a beamforming processor, which applies time delays or phase shifts to each of the signals in such a way as to create a narrow beam in a particular direction.

The width of the beam formed by the beamforming processor will determine the bearing accuracy of the system when searching. In an identical manner to dual-beam tracking systems, sonar tracking systems can improve on this accuracy tremendously, at the expense of the signal-to-noise ratio.

4.) Duplexer. The duplexer performs the same function in an active sonar as in a radar system, namely to protect the receiver from the full transmitter power while the pulse is going out. It can be thought of a switch that toggles between the transmitter and receiver.

5.) Synchronizer. Performs same role as the synchronizer in radar. Provides overall coordination and timing for the system. Reset the display for each new pulse in order to make range measurements.

6.) Receiver. Collects the received energy. The receiver compares the power level to noise with a threshold SNR (DT) in order to determine if the signal will be displayed in a particular beam. If the DT is set too low, there will many false alarms. If it is too high, some detection capability will be lost.

The receiver may also demodulate the return if frequency modulation is used on transmission. Sonar systems often use pulse compression techniques to improve range resolution.

7.) Display. Puts all of the detection information into a visual format. There are several types:

A-scan: the signal along a single beam for a portion of the listening cycle. A target appears as a raised section if it is in the beam.
Passive SONAR:

Hydrophone array. These are the sensitive elements which detect the acoustic energy emitted from the target. Again, they are arranged into an array to improve the beamwidth. Common configurations are cylindrical or spherical. The cylindrical array operates at a fixed vertical angle, usually downward. The spherical array, which is common on submarines, has a much wider vertical field-of-view. Since the submarine may be below what it is tracking, the array must be able to look upwards to some extent. The large downward angles are only used for bottom bounce detection. Using a beamforming processor (described below) the field-of-view is broken down into individual beams in the vertical and azimuthal directions.

Beamforming processor. Unlike active systems which transmit and receive in a set direction, the passive system must listen to all angles at all times. This requires a very wide beamwidth. At the same time, a narrow beamwidth is required for locating the source and rejecting ambient noise. These two objectives are achieved simultaneously by the passive beamforming processor. The idea is very similar to the active system.

The beams should not be thought of as coming from the individual hydrophones. In fact, each of the beams so created has a narrow beamwidth that comes from the full aperture of the array, not the individual hydrophones.




Broadband display. The output of the beamforming processor is displayed as a bearing time history (BTH):

The newest information is at the top of the display. The beamwidth of the system determines how accurately the bearing can be measured by such a display. A common beamwidth is about 5o. The total amount of time displayed from top to bottom can be controlled (to some extent). A quickly updating display that only kept information for a few minutes would be useful for close contacts whose bearings are changing rapidly. On the other hand, a long tie history is more useful for detecting long range contacts, whose bearings are only changing slowly.

4.) Frequency Analyzer. The frequency analyzer breaks the signal into separate frequencies. This is the spectrum of the signal. For processing purposes, the frequencies are divided into small bands known as frequency bins. The width of each bin is called the analysis bandwidth. Sonar systems can gain considerable signal-to-noise improvements by matching the analysis bandwidth to the bandwidth of narrowband sources. The way to illustrate this is by two counter examples. If the signal processing bandwidth is too wide, then noise from the part of the spectrum beyond the signal is let in and the SNR is degraded. If the bandwidth is too narrow, then part of the signal is excluded, also reducing the SNR. It should be obvious now that the best situation occurs when the bandwidth exactly matches the signal. This is possible when the characteristics of the signal are well known, which they are for most targets.




The frequency analyzer separates (filters) the signal into discrete bins, inside of which the SNR is maximized. The frequency content of the signals from a target information provides vital information about its identity and operation. These frequencies are also subject to the Doppler shift, just like radar, are therefore can provide information about the range rate. This requires that the original frequency be known exactly, which is generally not the case. However, many important facts can be inferred by the changes in the received frequency over time.

Narrowband Display. For a particular beam, the time history of the frequency is called a waterfall display.

This can be used to gain additional information from a contact which is already being tracked by another system. In order to search for contacts on the basis of narrowband information alone requires a different type of display. One possibility is to simultaneously display several different beams, each showing a mini-waterfall display, which are called grams.

These are quite useful, but require great concentration on the part of the operator because there is more information displayed at any one time. Many systems require the operator to systematically search the entire field-of-view, looking at only a few beams at a time.

Variable Depth Sonar (VDS)
Variable depth sonars use large transducers that are towed from the ship on a cable with an adjustable scope. The combination of the buoyancy, ship speed and cable scope determine at the depth that the transducer will be at. VDS is used for two main reasons. At increased depth, the source level (SL) can be increased greatly, since the quenching limit is higher. This is due to increased backpressure on the surface of the transducer. Secondly, the VDS can be operated below the layer.

Recall that the combination of positive over negative sound velocity profiles created a layer at the interface. The layer makes it difficult to propagate sound across it. Therefore, ships using hull-mounted sonar systems will be unable to detect submarines operating below the layer, except possibly at short range. However, if the VDS can be place below layer, the ship can take advantage of the deep sound channel while being in the shadow zone of the submarine's sonar.

ZW-07 Surface Search RADAR
The radar has a peak power of 50 or 60 kW (pulse width 1 microsecond, PRF 1200 pps). There are also a short-pulse mode (0.1 microsecond, 100 kW, can be 2500 pps). Gain is 28 dB; dimensions of the half-cheese antenna are 1.0 x 0.25 m. The beam is 2.4 x 16 deg.
Performance: The range remains at around 200 nautical miles. In the single-pulse mode a ship can be detected at two hundred and ten nautical miles. The ZW-07 radar is installed on the Cartagena SSN.
http://www.dutchsubmarines.com/rd/images/equipm_zw-07.jpg

Inertial Guidance
An inertial navigation system measures the position and attitude of a vehicle by measuring the accelerations and rotations applied to the system's inertial frame. It is widely used because it refers to no real-world item beyond itself. It is therefore immune to jamming and deception. (See relativity and Mach's principle for some background in the physics involved).

An inertial guidance system consists of an inertial navigation system combined with control mechanisms, allowing the path of a vehicle to be controlled according to the position determined by the inertial navigation system. These systems are also referred to as an inertial platform.
INSs have angular and linear accelerometers (for changes in position); some include a gyroscopic element (for maintaining an absolute positional reference).

Angular accelerometers measure how the vehicle is twisting in space. Generally, there's at least one sensor for each of the three axes: pitch (nose up and down), yaw (nose left and right) and roll (clockwise or counterclockwise from the cockpit).

Linear accelerometers measure how the vehicle moves. Since it can move in three axes (up & down, left & right, forward & back), it has a linear accelerometer for each axis.

A computer continually calculates the vehicle's current position. First, for each of six axes, it adds the amount of acceleration over the time to figure the current velocity of each of the six axes. Then it adds the distance moved in each of the six axes to figure the current position.

Inertial guidance is impossible without computers. The desire to use inertial guidance in the minuteman missile and Apollo program drove early attempts to miniaturize computers.

Inertial guidance systems are now usually combined with satellite navigation systems through a digital filtering system. The inertial system provides short term data, while the satellite system corrects accumulated errors of the inertial system.

Schemes

Gyrostabilized platforms
Some systems place the linear accelerometers on a gimballed gyrostabilized platform. The gimbals are a set of three rings, each with a pair of bearings at right angles. They let the platform twist in any rotational axis. There are two gyroscopes (usually) on the platform.

Why do the gyros hold the platform still? Gyroscopes try to twist at right angles to the angle at which they are twisted (an effect called precession). When gyroscopes are mounted at right angles and spin at the same speed, their precessions cancel, and the platform they're on will resist twisting.
This system allowed a vehicle's roll, pitch and yaw angles to be measured directly at the bearings of the gimbals. Relatively simple electronic circuits could add up the linear accelerations, because the directions of the linear accelerometers do not change.

The big disadvantage of this scheme is that it has a lot of precision mechanical parts that are expensive. It also has moving parts that can wear out or jam, and is vulnerable to gimbal lock.

The gudiance system of the Apollo command modules used gyrostabilized platforms, feeding data to the Apollo Guidance Computer

Rate Gyro Systems
Lightweight digital computers permit the system to eliminate the gimbals. This reduces the cost and increases the reliability by eliminating some of the moving parts. Angular accelerometers called "rate gyros" measure how the angular velocity of the vehicle changes. The trigonometry involved is too complex to be accurately performed except by digital electronics.

Laser Gyros
Laser gyros were supposed to eliminate the bearings in the gyroscopes, and thus the last bastion of precision machining and moving parts.

A laser gyro moves laser light in two directions around a circular path. As the vehicle twists, the light has a doppler effect. The different frequencies of light are mixed, and the difference frequency (the beat frequency) is a radio wave whose frequency is supposed to be proportional to the speed of rotation.

In practice, the electromagnetic peaks and valleys of the light lock together. The result is that there's no difference of frequencies, and therefore no measurement.

To unlock the counter-rotating light beams, laser gyros either have independent light paths for the two direction (usually in fiber optic gyros), or the laser gyro is mounted on a sort of audio speaker that rapidly shakes the gyro back and forth to decouple the light waves.

Alas, the shaker is the most accurate, because both light beams use exactly the same path. Thus laser gyros retain moving parts, but they don't move as much.

Brandy Snifter Gyros
If a standing wave is induced in a globular brandy snifter, and then the snifter is tilted, the waves continue in the same plane of movement. They don't tilt with the snifter. This trick is used to measure angles. Instead of brandy snifters, the system uses hollow globes machined from piezoelectric matierals such as quartz. The electrodes to start and sense the waves are evaporated directly onto the quartz.

This system almost has no moving parts, and it's very accurate. It's still expensive, though, because precision ground and polished hollow quartz spheres just aren't cheap.

Quartz Rate Sensors
This system is usually integrated on a silicon chip. It has two mass-balanced quartz tuning forks, arranged "handle-to-handle" so forces cancel. Electrodes of aluminum evaporated on the forks and the underying chip both drive and sense the motion. The system is both manufacturable and inexpensive. Since quartz is dimensionally stable, the system has a good possibility of accuracy.

As the forks are twisted about the axis of the handle, the vibration of the tines tends to continue in the same plane of motion. This motion has to be resisted by electrostatic forces from the electrodes under the tines. By measuring the difference in capacitance between the two tines of a fork, the system can determine the rate of angular motion.

Pendular Accelerometers
The basic accelerometer is just a mass with a ruler attached. The ruler may be an exotic electromagnetic sensor, but it still senses distance. When the vehicle accelerates, the mass moves, and ruler measures the movement. The bad thing about this scheme is that it needs calibrated springs, and springs are nearly impossible to make consistent.

A trickier system is to measure the force needed to keep the mass from moving. In this scheme, there's still a ruler, but whenever the mass moves, an electric coil pulls on the mass, cancelling the motion. The stronger the pull, the more acceleration there is. The bad thing about this is that very high accelerations, say from explosions, impacts or gunfire, can exceed the capacity of the electronics to cancel. The sensor then loses track of where the vehicle is.

Both sorts of accelerometers have been manufactured as integrated micromachinery on silicon chips.

Accelerometer-only Systems
Some systems use four pendular accelerometers to measure all the possible movements and rotations. Usually, these are mounted with the weights in the corners of a tetrahedron. Thus, these are called "tetrahedral inertial platforms", or TIPs.

When the vehicle rolls, the masses on opposite sides will be accelerated in opposite directions. When the vehicle has linear acceleration, the masses are accelerated in the same direction. The computer keeps track.
TIPs are cheap, lightweight and small, especially when they use imicromachined integrated accelerometers. However currently (2002) they are not very accurate. When they're used, they're used in small missiles.

[Photonic Mast]
http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/photonic-mast-a.jpg

Despite its valued service for more than ten years, the Imperial Navy will soon say "so long" to the conventional periscope. In 2005, construction began on a new breed of attack submarines that won't have a periscope. Instead, these new Cartagena-class submarines will use non-penetrating imaging devices called photonics masts to perform surveillance tasks. Each new submarine will be equipped with two photonics masts, which are basically arrays of high-resolution cameras that capture and send visual images to flat-panel displays in the control room.

[Weapons]
The Cartagena will have eight forward tubes, designed at 500mm width. The tubes will be able to fire virtually any Imperial torpedo design, including the MT-1, MT-2, MT-3 and MT-4. The tubes will also be used to release SSIXS transmission canisters.

Furthermore, the Cartagena is designed with four quadruple cell VLS tubes for a launch sequence of twelve missiles within eight seconds. VLS tubes employed by the Cartagena will be of the same make as those employed on other submersible and surface ships. Meaning, after one missile is launched the entire VLS apparatus uses heavy hydraulics to spin, and in that way while one missile launches another cell restocks, ergo, the VLS tubes never have to stop firing, and instead reload on the move.
The VLS cells are designed to fire Principe III, Shockhound Avenger I and Praetorian V missiles.

The Cartagena can also carry up to two hundred mines and a single Bilbao class UUV.

Finally, the Cartagena wields five retractable ASHUM guns for anti-torpedo defenses.

[Statistics]
Beam: 34 ft.
Length: 377 ft.
Submerged Displacement: 8,100 tons
Submerged Velocity: 28 knots

Praetonian Naval Ordnance

Imperial Praetonian Weaponry

Ballista VLS

The Ballista VLS system is the standard missile launch platform for ships built by the Imperial Praetonian Shipyards. It comes in a single size, with each cell able to hold a single standard missile (such as the Lance, Javelin, or Yakhont) or 2 small missiles (such as the Harpoon or Discus). The upgraded Ballista VLS which is now included in all Praetonian ships and ships sold by IPS includes an electromagnetic assist launch system, capable of accelerating missiles to high speeds as they leave their cells. The system is capable of firing almost all RL and NS missiles, although most will require sabots to be fitted in order to fit the cells, and very large missiles such as the Russian Shipwreck can only be fired from large canisters. The missiles manufactured by the Imperial Praetonian Shipyards, and those in use with the Praetonian Navy, are as follows:

IAD-12 'Lance' (Flight III) ASM

Overview

The latest in a long line of missiles that can trace their lineage to the birth of the Imperial Praetonian Shipyards company itself, the Lance Flight III is one of the most advanced anti-shipping missiles available today, capable of engaging both escorts and capital ships in groups ranging from individual missiles all the way up to swarms consisting of several thousand missiles. The missile is the lynchpin of the Imperial Praetonian Navy's missile and air anti-shipping capabilities, available in both surface-launched and air-launched variants.

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v387/Praetonia/LanceSurface-launched2.png

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v387/Praetonia/LanceAir-launched3.png

Propulsion

The surface-launch (base) variant consists of a single Imperial Aerodynamics solid rocket booster which provides the initial thrust required to lift the lift the missile clear of its VLS cell and accelerate it to supercruise velocity, and a single liquid-fuelled Imperial Aerodynamics RAMjet which powers the missile for the majority of its journey towards the target, taking advantage of a RAMjet's exceptional fuel efficiency at supersonic velocities. Once the solid rocket motor has expended all of its fuel it drops away and the RAMjet takes over automatically and maintains a steady speed at its optimal operating velocity until the terminal phase, at which point all remaining fuel is rapidly injected into the combustion chamber, sending the missile hurtling towards its target with substantially more kinetic energy.

Guidance

The 'Lance' is equipped with a wide array of means of guiding itself to its target, which are used sequentially depending upon the situation. Initially the missile is guided by a GPS location constantly updated from the launching ship (and other 'Lance' missiles, if updates from the launching ship are not available), until it enters its terminal phase. At this point, passive RADAR is used as the primary means of finding a target, alongside active RADAR if the enemy is reasonably assumed to have already detected them.

In the event of jamming, the missile will fall back on its IR imagers, which can be used to provide near-perfect passive terminal guidance. The missile's LIDAR system provides a periphery high-resolution targetting capability, allowing the missile in some instances to locate and engage key systems aboard a ship. Should the missile experience a catastrophic systems failure, it will fall back on its last updated GPS co-ordinate for the target, or its last sensor reading, whichever is more recent and reliable.

Protection

Considering the immense popularity of anti-missile systems in modern navies, a great deal of thought was given to finding ways to mitigate the potential for missiles to be lost to enemy fire before they can engage their targets. To that end, space has been allocated inside the warhead of each missile for RADAR jammers, and 'Lances' in Praetonian service are equipped with RADAR jammers in a ratio of 1 to every 9 missiles not so equipped. The power of the jamming, therefore, scales linearly with the number of missiles fired and hence the likely power of the enemy's radar systems.

In addition to electronic countermeasures, the missiles themselves are highly manoeuverable, with the RAMjets equipped with 3D thrust-vectoring for terminal manoeuvers, as well as regular control planes. 'Lance' missiles are, therefore, highly manoeuverable and capable of dodging the fire of CIWS guns and attacks by anti-missile missiles at a considerably higher rate than other missile systems. 'Lance' missiles can also use their attack profile to frustrate the efforts of enemy anti-missile defences, for example by adopting a 'lo-lo' profile to sneak in under the enemy's RADAR, drastically reducing their response time. The 'Lance's' wide array of sensors (including passive sensors) ensure that it is almost impossible to successfully spoof or jam.

The most powerful and subtle method by which the 'Lance' missile ensures it survives to engage its target is the so-called 'GroupThink' system developed by Imperial Electric to whereby 'Lance' missiles co-ordinate their attacks with each other. The system uses the combined processing power of each missile to allocate a suitable number of missiles to attack active sensors, use their jamming systems and, where possible, attack specific parts of ships such as their guns, or anti-missile systems. Missiles also share sensor information and allocate small groups to adopt a 'hi-lo' profile where the general profile is 'lol-lo' to relay information back to the rest of the group.

Warhead

Once a 'Lance' missile has successfully engaged a target, the less sophisticated brute-force warhead takes over. Capped with a heavy tungsten ballistic cap and moving at mach ~3.2, the missile will immediately transfer a great deal of kinetic energy to its target.

If this is sufficient to penetrate a ship's armour (in which case the impact itself is likely to have caused considerable damage), the delayed crush fuze will give the warhead enough time to enter the enemy ship before exploding, causing severe damage. The tungsten cap will either keep going, causing even more damage to the vessel, or be caught in the explosion and form shrapnel, again causing yet more damage.

Even if, however, the missile's kinetic energy is not sufficient to penetrate the enemy vessel's armour (as may well be the case when engaging enemy capital ships) the kinetic energy of the impact is likely to create a sizeable dent in the enemy's armour. The warhead will then continue, as normal, into this dent and explode, an event which is likely to cause moderate-severe damage to the armour of even the toughest enemy vessels, and perhaps even causing minor-moderate damage behind the armour as a result of spalling.

General Specifications

Length: 7.8m (SSM); 5.9m (A-SM);
Max. Wingspan: 1.2m (SSM); 0.9m (A-SM);
Diameter in Canister / on Pylon: 0.75m

Payload Mass: 675kg explosive charge; 250kg tungsten penetrator
Total Mass: 6,745kg (SSM); 5,120kg (A-SM)

Propulsion: 1x Imperial Aerodynamics T-500 Solid Rocket Booster (SSM); 1x Imperial Aerodynamics R-250 RAMjet (SSM, A-SM)
Supercruise Velocity: Mach 2.5 (RAMjet optimal)
Terminal Velocity: Mach 3.2
Range: 410km (hi-lo); 255km (lo-lo)

Electronics and Guidance: 1x Imperial Electric IE-102 Integrated IR / LIDAR Imager; 1x Imperial Electric MR-205 Active / Passive Phased RADAR; 1x Imperial Electric IS-545 Integrated Transceiver / GPS Receiver; 1x Imperial Electric DM-1005 Tracking / Guidance Computer

‘Javelin’ Standard anti-Aircraft Missile

Length: 8m
Diameter: 0.7cm
Weight: 1525kg
Speed: Mach 4.5 Supercruise, Mach 5.7 Terminal
Range: 365km
Warhead: 62kg High-Explosive Fragmentation / 1 - 15 kT Nuclear
Guidance: Missile remotely guided by ship radar; ‘Simplex’ Guidance radar for course adjustments and redundancy; 'Biplex' IR Guidance System
Unit Cost: $1,820,000
Production Rights Cost: $1,750,000,000

The Javelin anti-aircraft missile is designed to be able to destroy enemy aircraft before they can threaten the ship itself, or, if acting as an anti-air picket, the fleet it is protecting. Although the missile carries the same advanced guidance systems as the Lance anti-ship missile, today’s aircraft can move at speeds up to mach 4 and carry advanced countermeasure systems so that a hit cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, the missile carries a large HE fragmentation warhead that can assure a kill on any aircraft within an 18m sphere.

The new and upgraded Javelin missile features RAMjet technology, propelling the missile to immense speeds, increasing the likelihood of a hit and removing the ability of ultra-advance aircraft to outrun it. It can also be used in a long range anti-missile role or, when equipped with a small nuclear warhead, be used to destroy aircraft and missile swarms threatening a major fleet deployment.

‘Pole-axe’ Standard Land Attack Missile

Length: 8m
Diameter: 0.7cm
Weight: 2,025kg
Speed: Mach 1.8 Supercruise, Mach 2.6 Terminal
Range: 800km
Warhead: 520kg High-Explosive
Guidance: GPS Guidance
Decoys: Chaff and flares; ECCM.
Unit Cost: $850,000
Production Rights Cost: $2,200,000,000

The Pole-axe Land Attack Missile is a large, powerful cruise missile. Compared to the Tomahawk, it carries a larger warhead at a faster speed using a turbojet engine. The missile is equipped with highly accurate GPS guidance and countermeasures which reduce the likelihood of it being shot down. The missile can be equipped with a variety of warheads up to a mas of 520kg, including nuclear, fragmentation, cluster, bunker-busting and straight HE.

‘Spear’ Standard anti-Ship / anti-Submarine Torpedo

Length: 6.54m
Diameter: 56.5cm
Weight: 2081kg
Speed: 48knts
Range: 30km
Warhead: 424kg High-Explosive Shaped Charge
Guidance: Missile remotely guided by ship sonar; DETAR Guidance sonar for course adjustments, redundancy and countermeasure detection;
Decoys: Acoustic Guidance and advanced computer systems for countermeasure avoidance
Unit Cost: $2,000,000
Production Rights Cost: $4,000,000,000

The Spear torpedo is propelled by a pump-jet engine which gives it top-notch endurance at a high speed. This, coupled with advanced electronics and guidance hardware, makes this a hard torpedo to fool with countermeasures. Even if the torpedo does fail to hit it’s target, it’s large warhead can damage or even destroy vessels within 150m of the blast.

‘Battleaxe’ LORSOM (LOng Range Stand-Off Missile)

Length: 16m
Diameter: 1.2m
Weight: 2800kg
Speed: Mach 2.6 Supercruise, Mach 2.8 Terminal (Sea-skimming shaped charge); Mach 2.6 Supercruise, Mach 6.4 Terminal (Sea-skimming / Vertical attack Kinetic Energy)
Range: 1,240km
Warhead: 686kg High-Explosive Shaped Charge / none (1m solid tungsten / DU penetrator)
Guidance and Countermeasures: Missile remotely guided by ship radar or GPS; ‘Simplex’ Guidance radar for course adjustments and redundancy
Unit Cost: $5,000,000
Production Rights Cost: $4,500,000,000

The Battleaxe is quite simply the most advanced missile ever developed in Praetonia. It was decided to develop such a missile after seeing the strength displayed by the Hamptonian FastFalcon missile, which was capable of striking with considerable accuracy from well outside the range of all Praetonian missiles. The Battleaxe has an incredibly high endurance at a fast speed, with the huge terminal velocity of the Kinetic Energy variant provided by a SCRAMjet engine activated only a few kilometers from the target.

The missile is also designed to fill the role of the Halberd ABatM, by providing substantial anti-battleships power (in the form of it’s Kinetic Kill variant) without sacrificing speed, range or ability to avoid CIWS and similar. It is, however, a huge missile which is only carried in VLS cells by superdreadnaughts and only carried at all by battlecruisers and larger.

‘Halberd’ anti-Battleship Missile

Length: 16m
Diameter: 1.2m
Weight: 5,281kg
Speed: Mach 2.6 Supercruise
Range: 386km
Warhead: 2,872kg High-Explosive Fragmentation
Guidance and Countermeasures: Missile remotely guided by ship radar; ‘Simplex’ Guidance radar for course adjustments, redundancy and countermeasure avoidance; advanced computer for countermeasure avoidance; ECCM systems
Unit Cost: $5,200,000
Production Rights Cost: $475,000,000

The huge Halberd anti-Battleship missile is our answer to the BBGs that shrug off Harpoons like small arms fire. The Halberd is big and expensive, but it gets the job done. It is equipped with the most powerful solid fuel engine we can fit into a missile and the most advanced countermeasure avoidance technology we have. However, the main difference between this and any other missile is its massive 2,872kg Penetrative Explosive warhead which forms a shaped charge on impact, channeling the full force of the explosion directly into the armoured plate.

The Halberd is also the most expensive missile ever produced by Imperial Praetonian Shipyards but is easily capable of inflicting serious damage to a superdreadnaught and crippling a battleship in a single hit. Even more so, the upgraded Halberd features RAMjet technology, making even this 5 ton behemoth faster than a Harpoon missile.

‘Discus’ Surface to Air Anti-Missile (SAAM)

Length: 4m
Diameter: 0.7cm
Weight: 365kg
Speed: Mach 4.8 Hypercruise, Mach 6.2 Terminal
Range: 38km
Warhead: 26kg High-Explosive Fragmentation
Guidance and Countermeasures: Missile Internally Guided by 'Biplex MkIII' IR seeker and radar feed from fleet
Unit Cost: $1,000,000
Production Rights Cost: $5,000,000,000

The small and incredibly fast Discus Missile was developed to provide a fleet-wide anti-missile defense system. With a powerful RAMjet assisted solid fuel rocket, advanced course adjustment and targetting systems and a small, powerful fragmentation warhead the Discus has an excellent chance of destroying even the most advanced of missiles.

‘Testudo’ CIWS

The Testudo Close In Weapon System is the obligatory ‘last ditch’ defence weapon. It is important to note that this is not a single weapon, but a system which consists of countermeasures, small missile launchers and, of course, a gun that fires inanely fast.

The countermeasures aspect of the Testudo system is the first line of missile defence. It includes decoy launchers and various ECM (Electronic CounterMeasure) systems, including radar jammers and guidance system scramblers. The former can destroy the capability of a missile to manoeuvre, and the latter can literally scramble the guidance system, resulting in fairly unpredictable effects which could knock the missile off course.

The piece of equipment that CIWS is famed for, however, is the gun. The Testudo gun does not disappoint, capable of firing 5,000 rounds of 35mm ammunition per minute from each of the two guns, which is aimed and fired automatically by radar. The gun can work just as effectively against low flying planes and provides a good deterrent against low flying bombing raids.

Coupled with the gun is the Close In Missile System (CIMS), which consists of a battery of around sixteen missiles per Testudo gun. Each missile is only around fifty centimetres long, but contains all standard missile systems (solid fuel motor, on-board guidance etc) and a 2kg warhead. Although a much smaller number of missiles can be put out than shells, the missiles are guided and are therefore more likely to score a hit.

The upgraded Testudo system features uplink systems to any Discus missile systems the ship carries, and also a link up to all other Testudo equipped ships in the fleet, allowing the fleet to co-ordinate its anti-missile effort, leading to a complex and integrated network of missile defence systems throughout the fleet, making for one of the best anti-missile systems available in the world.

Feuermelder I "Schifffurcht" Anti-Capital Ship Missile

The Feuermelder I "Schifffurcht" Anti-Capital Ship Missile
http://www.wonderland.org.nz/nw/0082.jpg

Overview

Navies across the world were getting larger and more powerful, and so were their ships. Despite the Osten Kriegsmarine's new funding and vessels, it simply wasn't going to be enough, particulary against ships such as the Hrimfaxi, the Oseat, the Zealous, among others. True to Bumsian personalities and tactics, they turned to a simple solution to solve a complicated problem. Instead of matching the enemy ship for ship and ton for ton, why not sink the enemy instead with little cost?

Enter the Schifffurcht, the first attack missile designed by the Science Division.

How it Works

This missile is launched from any suitable launcher (ground, air, or naval) with a specific target (typically, an Aircraft Carrier or Dreadnought). The missile then flies up to nearly 100,000 feet - the brink of space. The missile withstands the extreme valocity with the came carbon-carbon skin that is used on so many of the other weapons used by the Osten Wehrmacht. When directly over the target, it goes vertical, plunging into the target at speeds exceeding Mach 8, piercing the hull of the enemy ship. Simultaneously, the nuclear reaction is ignited for four ounces of enriched plutonium.

This causes a nuclear explosion with a yield of approximately 7 kT. While small compared to even the Hiroshima bomb, this is more than enough to rip the largest of ships to shreds, with an effective blast radius of approximately one kilometer.

This differs from other anti-dreadnought because it flies vertical, not like a mortar shot would.

Even if the missile doesn't penetrate the ship's armor (unlikely, it usually pierces), it will go off on the surface, causing heavy damage and rendering the topside unusuable for months if not years.

This is the time we live in. A one million dollar solution to a one billion dollar problem.

Dimensions

Length: 9 feet
Width: 12 inches
Propulsion: Gel fuel engine, one time use.
Arnament: 7.0kT nuclear explosion
Range: 120 miles

Wilson-class Ro/Ro Transport Vessel

In light of the recent expansion and establishment of a Marine force to the Imperial Layartebian Navy, the need for a strategic sealift ship has been realized. The former Watson Class Ro/Ro, albeit spacious and well suited for the job, had several problems. First off, the Watson had very little defensive capabilities, namely man-portable, surface-to-air, missiles, mostly Stingers. In addition, the conventional power provided limited range and only medium speed.

The ILN needed a new ship to go further, faster, and carry more than the Watson, as well as provide limited self-defense. What transpired was the Wilson Class LHSR (large, high-speed, ro/ro).

The Wilson Class is, dimension wise, the same size as the Watson Class. She is 950 feet long, 106 feet wide, and drafts 37 feet. However, internally, she is very different. The Wilson Class offers 7,000 ft² more than the Watson in a total 400,000 ft² for cargo. In this area she can hold up to 800 vehicles, 1,200 soldiers, and a massive amount of cargo. In total, she can carry up to 15,000 tons of cargo.

Like the Watson Class, the Wilson is crewed by 30 civilians, merchant marines. 3 officers and 30 enlisted men make up the military contingent.

Displacing 75,000 tons, the Wilson is powered by two SNR-5 nuclear reactors for a total power output of 100,000 shp, 36,000 shp more than the Watson. In addition, she can sail 6 knots faster at 30 knots maximum speed and does not need refueling for 10 years. She retains the same propellers as the Watson, both 24 foot, controllable pitch propellers providing up to 110 rpm at full power. Like the Watson, she is equipped with bow thrust units.

On her deck, the Wilson can accommodate a single SH-97B Serpent transport helicopter, which can lift up to 20 soldiers as far away as 490 nautical miles.

For self-defense, the Wilson carries a small VLS system on the bow. The system is not unlike that on the Enterprise and is below the actual deck. A reinforced, sliding mechanism retracts the actual deck and exposes the 64 cell system, group into an 8 by 8 system. Standard load includes 128 RIM-162B Evolved Sea Sparrow Missiles for medium range air defense, quad loaded per tube. For land-attack capability, the Wilson carries 64 RGM-165A Standard Land-Attack Missiles, double loaded per tube. Point defense is provided by a pair of Mk 15 Mod 2 Phalanx CIWS guns with 15,500 rounds per weapons, mounted port and starboard at the main tower. Two RIM-116 RAM mounts with 21 missiles each are situated, facing forward and aft, on the main tower. On the stern, two Mk 141 Harpoon quad-launchers are situated facing port and starboard with four RGM-180F Harpoon II missiles. 4 Wizard MANPAD launchers are held on the ship with a total of 48 rounds capable.

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Concept art of the Wilson Class.

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Wilson on maneuvers.

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Wilson on maneuvers.

Sale of Surplus Naval Vessels



As part of the constant modernization and upgrading efforts that are occurring within the Halberdgardian Navy, the Democratic Republic of Halberdgardia is offering its surplus U.S.-made naval vessels for sale. All these vessels have at least been deployed to theaters of combat, and a few have seen some action. However, all vessels have been kept in excellent condition, with the only damage likely to be strictly cosmetic.

Note: Due to the nature of this sale, there will be no returns/refunds, and prices are non-negiotiable.

The following vessels are available for sale (Model -- Number of Vessels -- Price):

Yorktown-class aircraft carrier -- 1 -- $2 billion
Arleigh Burke-class destroyers -- 4 -- $150 million
D.R.H. Allegiance, D.R.H. Adjudicator, D.R.H. Adamantine, D.R.H. Swift Justice
Ticonderoga-class cruisers -- 9 -- $150 million
D.R.H. Courageous, D.R.H. Emancipator, D.R.H. Freedom, D.R.H. Fury, D.R.H. Independence, D.R.H. Liberator, D.R.H. Liberty, D.R.H. Nemesis, D.R.H. Vigilance
Seawolf-class submarines -- 9 -- $700 million
D.R.H. Devastator, D.R.H. Eviscerator, D.R.H. Indomitable, D.R.H. Intruder, D.R.H. Marauder, D.R.H. Predator, D.R.H. Reckoning, D.R.H. Redoubtable, D.R.H. Virulence
Ohio-class submarines -- 2 -- $50 million
D.R.H. Avenger, D.R.H. Firestorm


Sales List

Leafanistan -- Entire Stock -- $10,350,000,000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
We'll take all of them.

Half the money has been wired, the rest will be wired upon delivery.

The final cost to you is $10,350,000,000. Receipt of $5,175,000,000 confirmed, and the vessels are shipping. We await the wiring of the remaining $5,175,000,000.

As a side note, you may or may not have noticed that one of our U.S.-made vessels is missing from the list: the Arleigh Burke-class destroyer D.R.H. Valiant. This is because it was decided not to sell the Valiant due to her important role in Halberdgardian history. Therefore, she has instead been decomissioned, and is undergoing refitting before reaching her final resting place at the port of Coronet, where she will serve as a museum piece and tourist attraction. There are also plans to place plaques dedicated to the victims of the attack on the Valiant at the site of the attack, off the coast of Saharistan.

Vanguard-class SSN, Flight II

Vanguard Class SSN (Flight II)

The Flight II Vanguard Class SSN is a significant upgrade on an already powerful design capable of providing an extremely powerful general purpose punch. The vessel is equipped with large calibre torpedo tubes capable of firing torpedos powerful enough to damage even the largest of vessels, as well as deploying mines and Unmanned Submersible Vehicles (USVs). The torpedo tubes are primarily intended to be used in the anti-submarine role.

The second main armament of the Vanguard is a large 64 cell VLS system running down the length of the submarine which provides the vessel's primary anti-shipping and cruise missile armament. These allow the vessel to strike the enemy navy from beyond the range of quick response, and also to launch cruise missiles. All weapons launched from the VLS tubes can be fired beneath the surface, allowing the vessel to avoid direct detection whilst firing ordnance and then quickly leave the scene.

The vessel is also equipped with two CIWS units for protection against missile threats whilst surfaced and is equipped with a powerful electronics suite, including radar, IR and visual sensors digitally linked to the submarine and mounted on a periscope which can feed information to both the crew and weapons systems without the submarine having to surface.

The vessel is propelled by an extremely quiet waterjet connected to a nuclear reactor. The reactor allows the vessels to remain at sea for extremely long periods without refuel. A Combined Gas And Diesel turbine is also provided as a backup powersource in the event that the nuclear plant is taken offline or has to be shut down.

The vessel is constructed from amorphorous steel, which is both a very strong material and excellent for submarine construction, being completely non-magnetic. The vessel's strong double-hull allows it to reach previously untouchable depths, providing it with a significant advantage when evading enemy detection and enemy anti-submarine fire.

General Specifications

Dimensions: length: 142m; beam: 14m; draught: 13m
Complement: 124 Officers and Ratings
Propulsion: 1x Imperial Atomworks 62MW PBNR; 1x Imperial Oil & Gas 3.1MW COGAD Turbine all powering a single IPS Mk.12 Waterjet
Maximum Speed: 36kts (surfaced); 41kts (submerged)
Cruising Speed: 31kts (surfaced); 37kts (submerged)
Crush Depth: 580m (standard); 710m (critical)
Armour / Construction: Double hulled amorphorous steel & titanium. Anechoic tiling.
Armament:
2x Testudo Retractable C(ombined)G(un)R(ocket)CIWS (12,000 shells; 12 rockets)
Missiles
1x 64 (4x16) cell Ballista VLS (64 missiles)
Torpedoes
4x 25" (635mm) Torpedo Tubes (42 weapons)
Endurance: fuel: 16 years' continuous; consumables: 8 months' standard
Displacement: 15,720 metric tonnes
Electronics: ImpElec P-111 Surface-Search Radar; ImpElec P-211 Air-Search Radar; ImpElec A-111 SubSurface-Search Sonar; ImpElec A-711 SubSurface-Search Countermeasure Co-ordination Radar & Systems; ImpElec G-101 SCG Naval Fire Control Radar; ImpElec O-912 Digital Periscope Suite; ImpOrd CC-450 SubSurface Countermeasures Suite
Operating Costs: $180,000,000

Tower-class Flight II SSBN

Tower Class SSBN (Flight II)

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Overview

The Tower Class SSBN Flight II Variant builds upon the strength of the existing design and adds new and improved stealth and payload features, allowing the vessel to continue its long and distinguished career as the bearer of the ultimate lines of defence of several nations, including Praetonia. The vessel is designed to be able to avoid detection at any costs and remain fast enough to make an escape if detected. The submarine has a reinforced bow for icebreaking, and it is designed to be able to sit under ice-sheaths and then surface to fire its missiles without incurring damage to the sub. The new Tower Class should definately continue its predecessor's long and successful but thankfully unneeded service run.

Armament

The vessel's primary armament is its payload of 32 SLBMs which are carried in 32 large Bulldog VLS emplacements which extend to most of the depths of the vessel. Each of these emplacements is capable of carrying a single SLBM sized missile, or 4 seperate Ballista-lengthed missiles. In addition to its primary armament, the submarine is equipped with a tactical armament designed to allow it to fight its way out of a difficult situation. A 16 cell Ballista VLS is mounted for of the tower for launching SSMs and SAMs. Four 25" torpedo tubes are mounted in the nose and two in the stern for engaging other submarines or incoming torpedos from any angle. These are also capable of launching missiles, although this is generally not necessary.

Protection

The primary mode of protection for the sub is its lack of detectability. Its powerful triple hulled form is constructed of reinforced amorphous steel and titanium, giving it an almost non-existant magnetic signature and on top of that an extremely deep crush depth, allowing it to dive beneath the ability of enemy sonar to detect it. In addition to this powerful armour and advanced stealth, the vessel is equipped with a series of retractable super-cavitating cannon which are designed to engage incoming weapons before they can strike the hull and damage the vessel itself. These can also engage enemy vessels at close range, although this is somewhat unlikely to happen.


General Specifications

Dimensions: (length): 178m; (beam): 22m; (draught): 16m
Complement: 152 Officers and Ratings
Propulsion: 2x Imperial Atomworks 85MW AGCR; 2x Imperial Oil & Gas 12.6MW COGAD Turbines powering two internal IPS Mk.12 Waterjets or a single MHD
Maximum Speed: 34kts (surfaced); 43kts (submerged); 26kts (MHD)
Cruising Speed: 30kts (surfaced); 38kts (submerged); 21kts (MHD)
Crush Depth: 1,250m (standard); 1,700m (critical)
Armour / Construction: Triple hulled amorphorous steel & titanium. Anechoic tiling.
Armament:
4x Testudo-S S(upercavitating)G(un)CIWS (16,000 shells)
1x 7.7mm caseless chaingun
Missiles
1x 32 (16x2) cell Bulldog VLS (32 missiles)
1x 16 (4x4) cell Ballista VLS (16 missiles)
Torpedoes
6x 25" (635mm) Torpedo Tubes (42 weapons)
Endurance: (fuel): 16 years' continuous; (consumables): 24 months' standard
Displacement: 22,934 metric tonnes
Electronics: ImpElec P-111 Surface-Search Radar; ImpElec A-111 SubSurface-Search Sonar; ImpElec A-711 SubSurface-Search Countermeasure Co-ordination Radar & Systems; ImpElec G-101 SCG Naval Fire Control Radar; ImpElec O-912 Digital Periscope Suite; ImpOrd CC-450 SubSurface Countermeasures Suite

Operating Costs: $80,000,000

Ostkampfwagen VIII-A "Ferne" Main Battle Tank (Halberdgardian designation of M-200 "Hellhound" Main Battle Tank)

Ostkampfwagen VIII-A "Ferne"

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Overview

Despite the Trotzig's and Schutzblech's effortless domination of the modern field of tank warfare, improvement is always possible. One of the killing factors of maintaining such a strong tank force had always been the cost, most notoriously the billion dollar buckyballs which the Osten Wehrmacht was famed and feared for. While buckyballs prove to be a powerful armor when mixed with diamond helixes and supercooled Xenon, they were damn expensive, and heavy. They also had a fatal weakness, which remains classified to this day. Ergo, the Science Division had to wean themselves off the C60 molecule, and begin looking toward other possible alternatives. With that, the Osten Wehrmacht needed a new tank, just as powerful and completely modern, with less cost and weight. The answer came in the form of the Ferne.

Armor Design

The armor design, especially in a new tank, was obviously the most important part of the weapon, overall. The primary is 12 cm of a titanium/tungsten composite, reinforced with trace amounts of Osmium, which is in turn reinforced with diamond traces and ADBOND. This tank also contains Indium/Osmium-Germanium mix 2nd Gen Supercooled Coils, which were basically stolen off the Muwatallis, a Macabee design. They are filled with supercooled liquid Xenon and when a round impacts, the liquid gasses out to counter the heat while the metal coil itself is used as a heat conductor to dissipate the attack it will render that portion of the coil useless but should still enable it to work on other parts of the tank. The second layer comes in the form of four centimeters of a reinforced ceramic composite, again employing plenty of ADBOND. The third layer is a series of ablative armor blocks, six centimeters thick. The fourth layer consists of a combination of MEXAS and more armor blocks, four centimeters thick. The final layer is a further two centimeters of an alloy consisting of trace amounts of tungsten, lead, titanium, and carbon, with steel being the primary composite.

This allows for an RHA value of some 7,200mm against KE's, for a real value of 260mm.

However, this tank employs newer methods of defeating enemy attacks. This mainly comes in the form of souped up ERA. However instead of exploding when an enemy shot is near, these little blocks blow off their top, shooting off dozens of little titanium balls, similar to a buckshot. This has the intent of disrupting the flight pattern of a KE penetrator, forcing it to hit the tank at an angle [ergo, it bounces off] or shattering the round [even better]. However this is a single-use device, each area could only be threatened once before the blocks would have to be replaced. Not to be used with infantry nearby.

Weaponry

Electrothermal-Chemical (ETC) technology is an advanced gun propulsion candidate that can substantially increase gun performance with less system burden than any other advanced gun propulsion technology. It has been under development since the mid 1980s. Under the Macabee army, and later the Osten Wehrmacht, ETC cannons became a reality. The primary arnament on the Ferne, or indeed, any modern Bumsian tank, is the 155mm ETC cannon. The recoil is absorbed through an array of thousands of internal "R" rings, another piece of technology stolen off the Muwatallis. This can fire the classic array of rounds, including HEAT, APFSDS, SCRAMjet, among others. Typically, APFSDS rounds are used for maximum penetration. The APFSDS [Armor Piercing Fin Stabilized Discarding Sabot] round is actually more like a dart.

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The primary difference between the American APFSDS and the Bumsian is that unlike an aluminum core for the round, the Bumsian version employs Depleted Uranium, one of the strongest materials possible for the job. The APFSDS dart pierced two meters of solid steel at a range of one kilometer. To prevent the weapon simply going in one end and out the other, it explodes shortly after impact, resulting in the death of the unfortunate enemy tank's crew.

This powerful weapon is fed through an auto loader. The barrel is cooled through a small amount of supercooled Xenon, which is replaced periodically. This allows for the sustained firing rate of 20 rounds per minute, or six times that of most modern MBT's, and the tank has a hundred rounds stored for battles. The coaxial weapon is a smaller 37mm cannon, firing both HE and AP rounds, to allow the taking out of ghetto-fied vehicles, Humvees, and light APC's with ease, along with entrenched infantry. This too is fed through an auto-loader, with two hundred rounds stored.

All of this power is coordinated and applied by the tank's crew through the Zimmer fire and control system, the most advanced yet developed by the Science Division. The new fire and control system present on the OkW. VIII, dubbed 'Brass', is the new top notch of said systems, developed by General Dynamics (Canada) and expanded upon by Macabee engineers. This was in turn "borrowed" from the Macabees in the quest for improved sensors and targeting, once back-engineered. The system was re-dubbed Zimmer. It includes Multi-Role Sensor Suite, Multi-Sensor Integration, Integrated Sensor/TA Suite, Virtual Immersive, Environment (AVTB), Neuroholographic ATD/R, Immersive Visualization. Moreover, the new system has both a low-altitude RADAR and LIDAR system which has the capability to track, and give firing solutions for, up to twenty different targets at up to four thousand meters for the LIDAR and up to eleven thousand meters for the RADAR (although, of course, a gun doesn't necessarily have the power nor the type of shell to reach that far, and of course, that doesn't mean that the area between you and the enemy tank if full of large rocks that can disrupt your shell and its vector). The LIDAR uses a gaussian transmitter, which is right now the most advanced LIDAR transmitter developed by the United States. Of course, this fire and control system also uses thermal imaging, and of course, infra-red imaging.

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Defenses

Where a .50cal is mounted on many MBT's sits a DREAD gun atop the Ferne. This nifty device developed in 2001 fires little steel balls upwards of 120,000 RPM with a muzzle velocity of 8,000 feet per second. This weapon is linked up with a LIDAR device also on top of the tank, to provide an effective anti-missile shield. The LIDAR array is used to detect the range, speed, and heading of the missile, and the DREAD just hones in on it's unfortunate prey.

For anti-mine warfare, the older model used the Zeus-HLONS system. However this has been deemed too costly for the Osten Wehrmacht, and has been replaced by the old fashioned scorpion, when necessary. As a further precaution, the Shortstop system was also mounted on the tank. This was created by the US Army to counter the artillery threat posed by the Iraqis during Operation Desert Storm. This confuses proxy-fuzed shells into believing they are close to a target [when they are hundreds of feet in the air] and blow up prematurely, causing negligible or no damage to the threatened tank.

Lastly the tank employs the new Leute system. This was a project worked on by Bargain Basement over the last few years. This nifty device is basically a souped-up version of the Shtora-1 defense suite used on many Russian tanks. This scrambles enemy rangefinders, making it impossible to tell the distance to the tank, unless they guess the range. The device also sends out ultraviolet rays to disrupt enemy scanning and communications.

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Specifications:

Length: 440 inches
Width: 165 inches
Height: 84 inches
Weight: 80 tons
Propulsion: Hybrid-diesel, developing 2,000 horsepower
Range: 500 kilometers
Pressure: 22.03 PSI
Horsepower/Ton Ratio: 25.00/1

Top Speed: 105 km/h
Speed, 10-degree slope: 78 km/h
Speed, 60-degree slope: 12 km/h

Weaponry: 155mm ETC cannon
Coaxial: 37mm autocannon
Forward: 7.62mm machine gun
Commander: DREAD/LIDAR array

Incorporated Sarzonian Ordnance Z-39 Close-In Combat Vehicle (CICV)



Background: With the defeat of the Incorporated Sarzonian Army in Inkana fresh in the minds of designers, the Incorporated Ordnance Company has been hard at work developing and conceptualising an urban combat vehicle to allow for the protection of infantry in the close confines of urban areas. The use of Rocket Propelled Grenades and roadside bombs against armoured personnel carriers, infantry fighting vehicles, and lightly armoured vehicles designed to convoy personnel led to IOC's attempts to design vehicles that would serve both as effective combat vehicles for use in an urban environment and as troop transports to provide greater protection against RPGs and roadside bombs. The result is the Z-39 'Pit Bull' Close-In Combat Vehicle (CICV).

Armament: To facilitate its anti-personnel capabilities and to give the Pit Bull a main weapon that combined killing power within a light framework, the CICV has been armed with a 70 mm rifled main gun capable of firing both standard shells and saboted rounds. The rifled chambre has been designed to allow the weapon of choice to be launched at an accelerated rate due to its 58 calibre gun. Secondary armament includes two 40 mm grenade launchers that can also fire smoke grenades and countermeasures and one 30 mm autocannon. A FU BRG-15 machine gun sits atop the turret to provide anti-personnel fire.

Protection: Protecting the vehicle, in both its pure combatant variant and in its armoured transport variant, was a high priority of the IOC. Toward that end, the outermost layer of armour for the Pit Bull is a slat system similar to the bar armour currently in use on the Stills-class fast littoral combat vessel. The second layer is of explosive reactive armour (ERA) that helps to neutralise the effect of HEAT rounds. The third layer, of a Chobaham armour scheme, provides general protection against weaponry, and the vehicle is built on a titanium honeycomb frame. A fourth layer of ballistic ceramics provides limited protection against kinetic weapons. The combination provides a RHA protection of 650 mm front; 360 mm top; 315 mm side; and 215 mm rear. The Pit Bull can be painted with a coat of radar absorbant paint to impair detection. The front of the CICV is sloped to deflect incoming rounds fired from the ground.

Sensors: The Pit Bull makes use of advanced electronics such as a millimetric radar system and a LADAR/LIDAR system tied into a new Panorama electronics suite, a modernised Commander's Independent Thermal Viewer (CITV) with third generation thermal imager; commander's display for digital colour terrain maps; third generation GEN III TIS thermal imaging gunner’s sight with increased range; driver's integrated display and thermal management system including an eyesafe laser rangefinder, north-finding module and precision lightweight global positioning receiver which provide targeting solutions for the Far Target Locate (FTL) function. FTL gives accurate targeting data to a range of 9,500 metres with a CEP (Circular Error of Probability) of less than 20 metres. The system allows a complete view of the surrounding area and assesses targets and prioritises based on potential threat.

Propulsion: A lighter-duty version of the Windham and Green Secretariat turbo diesel-electric hybrid engine known as the Alydar powers the CICV at 1,600 hp, allowing the Jaguar to travel at speeds of up to 90 km per hour on the road and 65 km/hr. cross country. The engine is designed to allow the Pit Bull to have an effective range of 550 km.

Specifications
Length (combat variant): 6.7 m (hull); 9.2 m (including gun)
Personnel Carrier variant): 8.0 m (hull); 9.5 m (including gun)
Width: 2.6 m
Height: 3.9 m
Ground Clearance: 0.6 m
Weight: 41,000 kg
Crew: Two (Driver and Gunner) for combat variant; 2 + 6 for personnel carrier variant.
Main armament: 1 x 70 mm/58 cal. rifled gun
Ammunition Storage: 40 rounds
Secondary Armament: 1 x 30 mm autocannon; 1 x 40 mm grenade launcher; 1 x FU BRG-15 machine gun; 2 x DREAD tank CIWS.
Ammunition Storage: 700 15 mm rounds; 550 30 mm rounds; 150 40 mm rounds
Engine: 1 x Windham & Green Alydar turbo diesel-electric hybrid engine
Theoretical Speed: 90 km/hr. (road); 65 km/hr. (cross-country)
Operational Range: 550 km

Tylon Aerospace Industries F-76 Liberator Air Superiority Fighter

[NOTE: This aircraft is no longer in widespread use by the Halberdgardian military. However, a small number of these aircraft are held in storage, and the plans and production rights for the aircraft are still available, should the Halberdgardian military choose to resume production.]

F-76 Liberator

Overview:

The F-76 Liberator is the first of the second-generation aircraft being produced by Tylon Aerospace Industries. It is intended to be the next-generation air superiority fighter that will dominate the battlefield, no matter what the adversary. It will give any nation that uses it an advantage over its adversaries. The F-76 equips the pilot with stunning technology to make for unprecedented capabilities. It is intended to replace the F-314 "Staller" in the Space Union Air Force, though it is much more costly than the original. Compared to the F-314, the F-76 is highly stealthy, manuverable, and low-maintenance, and will ensure air superiority over any skies.

Airframe:

The F-76 Liberator represents a shift away from the original doctrine of TAI by being totally redesigned. Unlike previous aircraft, which used mainly Inconel alloy for the airframe, the F-76 Liberator uses all-composite material, except for the engines. This has been done because of the need for stealth while still maintaining the manuverability of its predecessor, the F-314. The use of composite material for the body has also made the F-76 lighter than its predecessor. This gives it the distinct advantage of better manuverability than heavier aircraft.

The aircraft is designed with a cropped delta-wing, similar to the one featured on the F-16 Falcon, but enlarged to the size of the delta-wing on the F/A-22 Raptor. This gives the F-76 a considerably smaller radar cross-section (RCS), by decreasing the coverage area that allows radar waves to bounce off back to enemy receivers. Unlike the F-22 or F-16, the F-76 features canards on the front of its nose. These have been added to provide considerably more lift than the F-314. But with this comes the problem of applying flaps to the wings. Deploying flaps causes a large nose-down pitching movement, but in a conventional aeroplane this effect is considerably reduced by the increased downwash on the tailplane, which produces a restoring nose-up pitching moment. With a canard design, there is no tailplane to alleviate this effect. To overcome this problem, the canards have been swept. This allows for flaps to be applied to the design without compromising the safety of the aircraft and its crew.

Another change to create a more stealthy aircraft was the dropping of the vertical tail. This was done to further lower the RCS. Not only that, but it greatly improves the manuverability of the aircraft. But because of the loss of the vertical tail, the aircraft is less stable. To solve this problem, the flight is assisted by computers similar to used in the B-2 Spirit and the F-117 Nighthawk.

To further increase the F-76's stealth capabilities, all the weapons are carried in the two bomb bays of the aircraft. Both bays are on the underside, belly of the aircraft. The aircraft houses 6 missiles in the first bay and 3 GPU-24 smart bombs in the second bay. This ensure that the weapons don't interfere with the RCS of the aircraft and give it away too easily to radar or other tracking devices. But if needed, 4 (2 on each wing) hardpoints each capable of carrying 2 missiles or bombs can be added on the outside of the aircraft which will allow the aircraft to carry a total of 12 missiles and 6 bombs. However, the use of the hardpoints will increase the RCS.

Finally, to add more stealth to the airframe, it is coated all-over with an RAM (radar-absorbing material) coating.

Propulsion and Engines:

The F-76 uses brand-new Union-172-2005 pulse-detonation-wave (PDW) engines, developed specially for the F-76 Liberator. Each Union-172-2005 puts out an outstanding 61,000 lbs of thrust for a net thrust of 122,000 lbs of thrust. The pulse-detonation-wave engine works by creating a detonation instead of the normal deflagration that occurs in normal jet engines. Instead the air rushing inside of the engine, comes at supersonic speeds instead of subsonic, which causes a detonation upon igniting of the air instead of deflagration. To make sure that the air exits to the back, the engine uses shockwaves generated by the ignition to act as shudders/valves. When the shock wave reaches the rear of the engine and exits the combustion products are ejected in "one go", the pressure inside the engine suddenly drops, and air is pulled in the front of the engine to start the next cycle.

The use of the PDW engine instead of a regular engine has increased the efficiency of the entire aircraft. Normal engines have an efficiency of 30% while the Union-172-2005 has a fuel efficiency of 45%. This means that the aircraft will have considerably less fuel consumption, and consequently, longer range and higher speed. The PDW engine gives the aircraft a maximum speed of Mach 3.6, although it cruises at Mach 1.7 to avoid the structural problem associated with attaining speeds over Mach 3, as well as to maintain a lower IR signature.

One problem in the PDW design is the loud noise caused by the pulse-detonation. To solve this, the engine has been surrounded by open-celled foam. The open-celled foam dampens the sound while still being light-weight and not adding much weight to the engine. Another mechanism used is the fan in the front of the engine. The fan sucks in much air, sending most of it as bypass air. This bypass air helps dampen the sound too, the same effect used in turbofan engines. But to really quiet the engine down, QuietCraft has been applied to the outside of the engine. It has decreased the sound by 75%.

Both engines also feature thrust vectoring in an entirely new way. Engineers at Tylon Aerospace Industries have perfected the new technology called fluid thrust vectoring. Tests have shown that air forced into the exhaust stream can affect deflected thrust. Fluidic nozzles are desirable for their lower weight, mechanical simplicity (no moving surfaces), and lower RCS than older mechanical thrust vectoring. The fluid thrust vectoring method allows for the same benefits of the old thrust vectoring method, yet is much cheaper, much lower-maintenance, and overall stealthier to fit with the new mission profile of the F-76 Liberator.

The thrust vectoring capability also adds the capability of the aircraft to take-off and land vertically. This greatly improves its mobility without adding costly secondary engines.

Avionics/Electronics:

In order to make sure that the F-76 Liberator controls the sky, it has to have the best technology in electronics to date. But even that wasn't enough for the designers. Instead, the goal of the electronics suite for the F-76 was to merge the pilot and aircraft, creating the ultimate fighting weapon ever to take to the sky. Meet the IAIVS Interface. IAIVS stands for Integrated Avionics Incorporated Virtual Systems. It is the successor to the BAP Suite, previously used on older aircraft designed by Tylon Aerospace Industries.

The IAIVS Interface allows for unprecedent vision for the pilot. Instead of using glass window and HUD for the pilot and helmet is used. Built-into the helmet is also an advanced virtual reality environment that projects the environment outside of the aircraft. Using over 50 cameras (5 main and 45 small) and a supercomputer devoted to the job of real-time image processing, the VR system can create a stunningly realistic environment that goes down to every detail. It literally allows the pilot to see around the aircraft 360 degrees in every direction. This gives the pilot an unprecedent vision that can't be matched by any other current aircraft to date. To help the pilot better see his environment, the virtual reality has two views, one as if the pilot were actually the plane and the other behind, in-front of, or on the side of the aircraft. This better enables the pilot to fly the aircraft in his/her preference and flying style. To help the pilot understand all about his environment, when messages come up concerning maintenance, tracking, guidance or other matters, it is displayed right in-front of him/her so that the pilot knows what is happening. When targetting, a green box will appear around the enemy that the pilot wishes to engage, when it turns red, that means the missile(s) are locked on. Then it is up to the pilot to fire the missile(s).

To help the pilot in his flying style, an advanced voice command system complements the controllers and joystick. It allows the pilot to speak the commands instead of having to click buttons. In the export version, this feature isn't given away. For that reason only the domestic version (available only to the Space Union Air Forces and allies) will have both voice command system.

Other systems employed by the aircraft are the use of advanced radar and LIDAR/LADAR systems. The computer uses a AN/AQ-76 Active Electronically Scanned Array and LIDAR/LADAR System to provide guidance for the aircraft and targetting. This system is capable of tracking up to 50 targets at the same time, though in the real-world that power won't be needed.

To make sure that the pilots fully understand how to fly the aircraft, customer will be given a manual for each aircraft detailed with flight operations and a flight trainer for every 100 F-76s purchased (allies only).

Electronic Countermeasures (ECM):

To defend itself against possible threats, the F-76 Liberator is designed with a couple of ECMs to stop threats. The most advanced of these is its Active Radar-Cancelling System. It works by having multiple sensors on the skin that pick up incoming radar signals. The computer then studies the signals and outputs a signal that makes the receiving computer misjudge the location of the aircraft. This is mostly used against missiles although this is being deployed against aircrafts during dogfights.

The simpler ECMs that the F-76 has are a set of 10 flares in the side of the aircraft. They can be shot out of the side-panels automatically by the computer, if the pilot has the feature on, or manually by the pilot.

Weapons - Armenant:

The F-76 Liberator is outfitted with a deadly array of weapons that will ensure that it will be ready for any situation. All of the aircrafts standard weapons are housed inside of the aircraft. The aircraft has two bomb bays: the Missile Bay (MB) and the Smart Bay (SB).

The Missile Bay houses the dogfighting missiles that will be used by the F-76 when it engages the enemy. It is capable of holding 6 missiles. The 6 missiles can be either AIM-9X or AIM-120. Depending on the mission, the array can be customized so that you can choose what the ratio of AIM-9X will be to the AIM-120. You can even have all 6 missiles be of the same type.

The Smart Bay houses the smart bombs. It is capable of holding 3 GPU-24 smart weapons. This bay only supports GPU-24 2,000-lb. bombs and no other missile or bomb can be put into it.

Although on standard model there is no hardpoints to allow for a smaller radar-cross section, but the aircraft can be modified to support hardpoints at the customers own will if he desires. The aircraft can support 4 hardpoints, 2 on each side. Each hardpoint can hold 2 bombs or missiles (AIM-9X, AIM-120, or GPU-24). But the RCS suffers if the hardpoints are added. So it would be possible to have 3 AIM-9X, 3 AIM-120, and 2 GPU-24 2,000 lbs Smart Bombs on the hardpoints.

Specifications:

Type: Advanced Air Superiority Fighter
Length: 22 m
Height: 5 m
Wingspan: 15 m
Powerplant: 2 Union-172-2005 Pulse-Detonation Engines rated at 54,000 lbs of thrust each
Empty Weight: 16,000 kg
Full Weight: 40,800 kg
Maximum Payload: 11,000 kg
Cruising Speed: Mach 1.7
Maximum Speed: Mach 3.6
Operational Altitude: 65,000 ft
Maximum Altitude: 78,000 ft
Armenant w/Hardpoints: 1x GAU-12 25mm Equaliser Gun, 6x AIM-9X Sidewinder, 6x AIM-120 AMRAAM , 5x GBU-24 2,000 lbs Smart Bombs
Range: 1,000 km
Crew: 2
Price: $340 million

Leafanistani Dietz-class Rapid Attack Hydrofoil

Dietz-class Rapid Attack Hydrofoil

Naval strategists noted a distinct lack of high speed capability in the navies and coast guards of the world. Drug runners in modified high-speed motorboats easily outran cutters, corvettes, frigates, even destroyers. However, when the Dietz-class was introduced, smuggling via waterways was significantly reduced.

Powered by twin Katana Corp. Morningstar 1800-horsepower diesel engines, the Dietz-class can cruise at a leisurely 15 knots. A large gas turbine engine powers the craft when foilborne, driving it to 50+ knots. Surprisingly well-armed, the Dietz-class can even sink much larger ships, thanks to its complement of Exocet missiles.

Displacement: 275 tons
Dimensions: Length 48.6 m
Speed: 15 kts (waterborne); 50+ kts (foilborne)
Range: 3700 nm at cruising speed
Crew: 25
Weapons: 1 starboard, 1 port sealed box Exocet launchers (14 missiles carried), 1 90mm gun [OR 1 30mm Autocannon OR quad .50 cal AA mount], 1 Hybrid LASER and 25mm Autocannon CIWS system, 4 Dual .50 cal MG mounts

Kriegzimmer Arms Industries Zealous-class Superdreadnaught

[Zealous class Super Dreadnought]

http://tinypic.com/69kzuv.bmp
[Props to the image go to Bonstock, who was nice enough to provide me with something]

[Abstract]
Prior naval strategy of the Golden Throne's Kriegsmarine had generally shunned the idea of the incorporation of a Super Dreadnought. However, due the rescent construction of the Elusive class Battleship it became of little consequence that a much larger dreadnought was developed. Nonetheless, the aim of said construction remained pride, especially in the area that the Second Empire of the Golden Throne could also build a Super Dreadnought worthy of any seas.

Consequently, in 2007 Emperor Jonach I awarded three seperate naval companies, under the conglomerate of Kriegzimmer, thirteen trillion United States Dollars over the time period of five years to begin the research of a new type of Super Dreadnought. When the end of the money suply came, in 2012, Emperor Jonach I awarded another thirteen trillion and another five years to complete the Super Dreadnought. Consequently, the year 2017 saw the unveiling of the Zealous class Super Dreadnought.

The designers of the Zealous class had taken in mind every single major Super Dreadnought that had preceded the construction of the latest, and had decided to attempt to overstep the others, and construct one that would take the lead in technology and effectiveness. Furthermore, it was decided that the new Super Dreadnought would not be one to be hoarded by the Golden Throne, but instead widely exported.

Indeed, the ten years of research and design saw the evolvement of already existant technology, of which little has changed, and was placed on the Zealous class almost exactly the same as it was placed on some conventional dreadnoughts, such as the Elusive class. However, on the other hand, the Zealous class also saw the designing of technology never before seen on the battlefield in scope, including electrical systems that were far beyond any other systems on any other ship in any other navy, including better RADARs, better SODARs, and other electronics.

Moreover, in the designing of the ship engineers attempted to weigh the results of overwhelming fire power, and self defense. The result, hopefully, was a ship that could both provide massive fire support to its battle fleet, and yet still defend itself from enemy aerial, naval or missile attacks. In short, it was designed to not be detrimental to any fleet that possessed its power.

[Hull Construction]
The overriding compound used in the Zealous’ armor is steel, however, in order to reduce the effects of sulfur in steel, the steel is also laced with Manganese fibers. Manganese is a rather common element used extensively in steel manufacture. It is only mildly chemically active, but it has a great affinity for Sulfur, which it combines readily with, and it thus can be used to eliminate Sulfur from steel or to reduce the effects of any remaining Sulfur by chemically combining with it, which is important since Sulfur softens steel and is not desired in any construction or armor steel that I am familiar with, though it is used in many steels needing to be soft for ease of machining, as on a lathe (Phosphorus has a similar effect on increasing machineability and it can harden steel, but it raises the temperature where brittle failure sets in, so it is also reduced to a minimum in naval construction and armor steels, allowing Manganese to lower this temperature, as mentioned previously). It also acts to increase the hardenability of low-Carbon steel much better than Silicon (see above) does, but does not help keep the hardened metal hard during tempering as Silicon does, which is one of the major reasons that it and Silicon are used together as a team. Usually used in amounts of about 0.4% by weight in armor steels containing other hardeners such as Chromium, it is used in amounts of 0.6-1.1% (depending on plate thickness) in Mild/Medium Steels used for construction and up to 1.3% in high-strength construction steels, such as HTS and "D"-Steel.

Teamed up with Manganese are silicone fibers. Silicon is the next most widely used element with Iron after Carbon, found in almost all Iron materials used as armor or construction material. It is very plentiful, making up most of quartz beach sand, it is used by some microscopic plants and animals to build their protective shells, and it is used by people to make such things as glass and, more recently, micro-electronic circuits. It is relatively chemically inert, though it will chemically combine with Oxygen to form a very inert thin protective film that prevents any further reactions, and usually it is a good heat and electric insulator.

Third, Vanadium composites are woven around the steel compound in order to further strengthen the armor composite. Vanadium is a hardening alloy element in steel that is much stronger in its effects than either Chromium or Molybdenum (see above). Resists "metal fatigue" from repeated loading below the nominal yield strength, which can cause the metal to gradually stretch out of shape ("creep"), so it is widely used in springs in small amounts.

Fourth, titanium and depleted uranium threads are interwoven with the rest of the composite, adding final layers of strength. The titanium also works along with a polymer composite material in order to reduce the magnetic signature of the ship – although, this is not a primary goal of the armor. With the inclusion of titanium, depleted uranium, vanadium, manganese and silicone the actual rolled homogenous armor readings are much higher than what they are, especially since the entire armor scheme is laced around a polymer matrix, multiplying RHA strength even more!

The main belt armor has a literal reading of one thousand two hundred and seventy millimeters [1,270mm – 50 in.], while the turret faceplates yield one thousand three hundred millimeters [1,300mm - 51.181102 in.]. The main turrets boast an armored reading of one thousand millimeters [1,000mm - 39.370079 in.] while the secondary turrets yield nine hundred millimeters [900mm - 35.433071 in.] and the deck armor is layered with eight hundred and fifty millimeters [850mm - 33.464567 in.]. The superstructure yields another eight hundred and fifty millimeters [850mm - 33.464567 in.], while the bulkheads have nine hundred and fifty millimeters worth of the composite armor [950mm - 37.401575 in.]. Actual RHA readings are much, much higher than this – although, they are either extremely classified, or truthfully unknown.

The main armor is designed around an original catamaran design, however, the overall ship is forged through a trimaran hull design. The outer hull, consequently, is armored with a main belt of one thousand millimeters [1,000mm - 39.370079 in.]. According to British sources, trimarans are more resistant to damage; far more resistant. One missile or torpedo will usually disable a modern cruiser, destroyer, or frigate. However, a well-designed trimaran warship can withstand a dozen hits and keep fighting.

[Armament]
Electrothermal-Chemical (ETC) technology is an advanced gun propulsion candidate that can substantially increase gun performance with less system burden than any other advanced gun propulsion technology. t has been under development since the mid 1980s

ETC uses electrical energy to augment and control the release of chemical energy from existing or new propellants, and can significantly improve the performance of existing conventional cannons, both direct fire (e.g. tanks) and indirect fire (e.g. howitzers and Navy guns). The electrical energy is used to create a high-temperature plasma, which in turn both ignites the propellants and controls the release of the chemical energy stored in the propellants during the ballistic cycle.

The Zealous class Super Dreadnought wields four quadruple mounts (sixteen guns total) for 30” ETC guns, each having a stock of five hundred rounds. Furthermore, there are six double mounts (twelve guns total) for 5” ETC guns.

There are also three quadruple mounts for 15” rail guns. A basic overview of the rail gun is that it is composed of two copper, or another conductor [ceramic in this case], which are lined with magnets. An electrical current shoots up one rail and then down the other, creating something called the Lorentz Force. The accelerating force between the rails and armature depends on the magnetic field present (which in turn is a product of the rail separation distance and the current through the rails) and on the area this field acts upon. In order for acceleration to be maximized optimum parameters must be chosen for all these variables (and others which will be mentioned later). The rail separation distance was set at twice the electrical breakdown threshold of air at the peak power supply voltage assuming dry at air STP; 6mm. The 2x safety margin was chosen due to dielectric creepage considerations. As far as pulse current is concerned, it can be seen that in order for a high acceleration to occur, VERY high currents must be employed, which in turn requires a high voltage so that circuit impedance can be overcome and the required current can be achieved. The final design is a series of tradeoffs where higher voltages bring higher currents but at the cost of a higher rail separation distance. A typical design utilizes around 4 - 10kV, with higher voltages being used at higher energies. This particular design calls for a 100kiloampere pulse which should be accomplished at 3.2kV. Good part of the many amateur Rail Gun attempts seen on the Internet failed because their power supplies were simply incapable of supplying the currents required; even "small" military and research designs employ currents in the 300KA+ range, with some of the larger guns going over 5 million amperes per pulse. Acceleration drops off quickly with lower currents and at a certain point drag becomes higher than accelerating force and the projectile becomes welded by the resistive heating that occurs. At the same time however, a very high current will cause dramatic rail erosion and resistive losses. The power supply is composed of a LAPS motor-generator running off the various nuclear generators on the ship, then running through a series of over a thousand capacitors, embedded in water, and then through another generator, and finally to the main guns.

The type of propellant used in all cases in a polymer composite weaved around a matrix. Elastomers are usually thermosets (requiring vulcanization) but may also be thermoplastic. The long polymer chains cross-link during curing and account for the flexible nature of the material. The molecular structure of elastomers can be imagined as a 'spaghetti and meatball' structure, with the meatballs signifying cross-links.

Elastomeric behaviour can be explained further by thinking about entropy. Entropy is fundamentally a measure of disorder. In all natural processes, the entropy of the universe increases. Consequently, gasses difuse, heat disapates, and in this case, molecular structures become disorganised. When an elastomer is stretched or pulled, these disorganised chains of molecules straighten up. This is an unnatural condition, and so when the pull/stretching is stopped, the entropy increases as the material returns to its original state.

So, you put that into a matrix. The best polymer-bonded explosive would most likely be PBXN-106, for the usage you want. PBXN-106 is used currently in naval shells. However, If the polymer matrix is an elastomer (rubbery material), it tends to absorb shocks, making the PBX very insensitive to accidental detonation. Meaning, the round will fire when you want it, and it avoids accidently fires and such.

The Zealous class Super Dreadnought also carried a total of twenty surface to air missile batteries. The Praetorian V is a massive improvement over the Praetorian IV system, which was basically copied off the Bisonic S-500 SAM system. The Praetorian V should provide better accuracy, as well as better quality, to the consumers of this product. Using a twenty rocket launch system, four rows of five missiles, the Praetorian V SAM system can provide massive fire support in case of massive bomber, or missile raids, allowing The Zealous class Super Dreadnought to put up a quality defense against belligerents, and ensuring survival on the deadly waters. Each Praetorian V missile can be interchanged by another SAM, assuming that the chosen SAM is smaller, or the same size. The Praetorian V is rather small, and uses either a conventional engine to engage sea-skimmers, or a scramjet engine to seek and destroy conventional high flying missiles, or aircraft.

The Praetorian V SAM system incorporates the MLT-1 LIDAR system onboard each Zealous class Super Dreadnought, which as a range of about 165 miles (or about 300kms). The MLT-1 LIDAR system uses normal LIDAR, which uses a laser to detect the range of the target, as well as Doppler LIDAR which is used to detect the velocity of the target. DIAL is also used to detect chemical composition of the target. The Praetorian Vs are also hooked up to the MRT-1/N RADAR system used by Macabee Naval vessels. The MRT-1 is based off the TENEX SPY-6 RADAR system, however uses a larger power box, as well as a larger computer network to catch enemy flyers at 700kms. However, the MRT-1 is restricted to altitude of over thirty meters in height (around 100 miles), and for lower altitudes (100 miles to 1,000 miles) is severely restricted in range. The MRT-4 RADAR system is used for sea-skimming missiles, or low flying aircraft. It uses radio waves to track below the minimum range of the MRT-1. The advantages in having two systems do what one could do are that now we have specialization of jobs, and the MRT-4 can focus on one thing, while the MRT-1 focuses on another. To support this massive computer system the CPU uses ln2 coolant to over clock a twenty gigahertz system to thirty gigahertz.

The actual Praetorian V has its own CPU installed on the backside of the missile, above the scramjet engine, and it uses its own MLT-2 LIDAR system, which has a range of two kilometers, and is used for final phase target location purposes. The Praetorian V missile uses the computers to still use the ship based MRT-1, MRT-4 and the MLT-1 systems. This provides a very accurate and effective surface to air missile system. The Praetorian V can be used as an anti-missile, as well as an anti-air SAM.

The Praetorian V system uses an advanced reload system using hydraulic propulsion to lift the missile out of stock racks and push into the barrel of the Praetorian V launch platforms. Each Zealous class Super Dreadnought is outfitted with one thousand Praetorian V missiles in stocks, giving each SAM one hundred Praetorian V missiles, useful for five volleys each SAM.

The Zealous class Super Dreadnought also carries ten Loki ASROC systems. The Loki ASROC system is a ten tube 500mm torpedo launch system placed strategically around naval vessels which incorporate the system. The Loki ASROC can use the MAT-1 anti-torpedo, the MT-2 SuCav torpedo for short ranges, and the MT-3 water ramjet/pumpjet torpedo for long range use. Each Zealous class Super Dreadnought carries one hundred of each type of torpedo, used in five different ASROC batteries placed on the battleship.

The Loki ASROC has an advanced material composition using THYMONEL 8, a third generation single crystal super alloy, as a coating on the steel launch platform. The THYMONEL 8 coating allows for the resistance to Hydrogen Embrittlement, and the heat of the missile booster. This allows for a rate of fire of all ten torpedoes in eight seconds time. A hydraulic reloading system can restock the Loki ASROC system in ten seconds time.

The Zealous class Super Dreadnought also has twelve of the brand new Conhort Close-in Weapons Systems. The Conhort uses a variant of the GAU-8 Avenger cannon. The GAU-8 itself weighs 281 kg (620 lb), but the complete weapon, with feed system and drum, weighs 4,029 lb (1,830 kg) with a maximum ammunition load. The entire system is 19 ft 10.5 in (5.05 m) long. The magazine can hold 1,350 rounds, although 1,174 is the more normal load-out. Muzzle velocity with armor-piercing incendiary (API) ammunition is 3,250 ft/s (988 m/s), almost the same as the substantially lighter M61 Vulcan.

The Conhort's system consists of an autocannon and an advanced radar which tracks incoming fire, determines its trajectory, then aims the gun and fires in a matter of seconds. The system is fully automatic, needing no human input once activated. The kinetic energy of the 30mm rounds is sufficient to destroy any missile or shell. The system can also be deployed to protect airfields. However, like the Dutch Goalkeeper and the American Phalanx the Conhort is a last-chance weapon, although considerably accurate. It uses a seperate, smaller, LIDAR Gaussian Transmitter and RADAR tranmitter in order to lock on potential targets and blow them out of the air. Several advantages the Cohort has over the Phalanx system are that it is more accurate, it has a greater kenitic energy impact, more tracking, it's reloaded under the deck, and it can operate under three modes: Auto, Semi-Auto and Manual allowing full operator operability.

The Zealous class Super Dreadnought boasts one hundred vertical launch tubes, which each wields four cells. The four cell system works as it fires one missile, then the VLS tube rotates, revealing another warhead. While that one goes through a fire and control procedure the now empty missile slot is restocked, and ready to fire by the next time it comes around. In that way, the Zealous class Super Dreadnought can keep a constant rate of fire on any target it comes upon. The VLS tubes are lined with Thymonel 8 in order to protect it from heating and the general wear and tear of missile launching. The VLS tubes are designed to launch any where from MAAM Ausf. B Cruise Missiles to Principe IIIs, to any other missile in the Macabee inventory, designed for anti-shipping or land attack procedures.

Finally, the Zealous class Super Dreadnought is defended under the waterline by a series of twelve ASHUM guns. The ASHUM guns consists of extremely rapid, and extremely accurate, fire, guided by SONAR and blue-green LIDAR, using depleted uranium bullets and an elastomer propellant. In past operations, the ASHUM guns, coupled with the MAT-1 anti-torpedoes fired from ASROC cannons, have proved to be valuable to defend the lifeline of the ship.

[Sensor Electronics]
The Zealous has an onboard SONAR array, capable of searching through the mixed layer. However, for under the layer searches it also has the TB-2016, used in the Macabee Leviathan class SSN, which is rolled from a seperate compartment, and is long enough to sit right on the deep sound channel axis, giving the SONAR a full read, leaving no shadow zone. The power of the Macabee SONAR systems has been applauded before, and the Elusive is a testament to it.

The Zealous is also given the same SONAR system which the Rommel was equipped with. The Poseidon SONAR system, which is capable of detecting louder shipping at up to one hundred kilometers away at the right circumstances, and advanced submarines at a maximum range of ten kilometers, burning through anechoic tiling quite easily. The Poseidon is considered one of the better SONAR systems used presently. The Poseidon is also programmed to detect the “black hole” effect which submarines using MHD have; making it easier to detect MHD propelled submarines.

The Zealous also has a new thin line towed array called the TB-163, which is three times as long as the Zealous itself, using thousands of hydrophones to detect submarine presence at up to forty kilometers away (ca. 28 miles). The TB-163 uses a strong steel line to ensure that it doesn’t snap, although this could be potentially dangerous to the crew if its used stupidly. The Zealous also has another towed array called the TB-87 which focuses on shorter distances, using powerful hydrophones to detect close enemies.

Macabee ships use the MRT-1 RADAR system to detect enemy aerial assets anywhere from 120 kilometers minimum to 700 kilometers maximum; depending on the circumstances, stealth levels, and altitude. The MRT-1 use a very powerful super computer and several screens to detect, filter, and portray enemy aerial assets. Based of the TENEX SPY-6 this well built system is, again, one of the better ones in use around the world, and provide the Macabees with a reliable early warning system.

Additionally, Macabee ships integrate the MRT-4 Surface Search RADAR system which was built to focus on sea-skimmers. RADAR radio waves are able to catch both missiles and other objects, such as waves, and filter what is a wave, and what is a missile; and quite easily, and through regular technology. Simply, by using a supercomputer and C based program, the computers can detect range, vector, and velocity – hence, it can distinguish what is a missile or aircraft, and what isn’t. A wave doesn’t last at the same altitude, velocity and vector for ever – the wave falls short quite quickly – while a missile lasts in the air for quite a while (of course). Hence, it wasn’t too difficult to design a system capable of picking sea-skimmers up. The range of the MRT-4, however, is considerably shorter, about a hundred nautical miles.

Finally, the Macabee ships include an MLT-1 LIDAR system which as a range of about 250 kilometers (165 miles). The MLT-1 uses regular LIDAR to detect range, Doppler LIDAR to detect velocity, and DIAL LIDAR to detect chemical composition. The newer Gaussian LIDAR system used by Macabee ships has two charged plates placed parallel to each other, one charged negative, the other positive. This in turn begins an electrical current. The Gaussian system doesn't work on reflected waves. Instead, it relies on electrical impulses, rendering current anti-LIDAR techniques inefficient and obsolete.

The Zealous is also equipped with a SODAR array. Sodar (sonic detection and ranging) systems are used to remotely measure the vertical turbulence structure and the wind profile of the lower layer of the atmosphere. Sodar systems are like radar (radio detection and ranging) systems except that sound waves rather than radio waves are used for detection. Other names used for sodar systems include sounder, echosounder and acoustic radar. A more familiar related term may be sonar, which stands for sound navigation ranging. Sonar systems detect the presence and location of objects submerged in water (e.g., submarines) by means of sonic waves reflected back to the source. Sodar systems are similar except the medium is air instead of water and reflection is due to the scattering of sound by atmospheric turbulence.

Most sodar systems operate by issuing an acoustic pulse and then listen for the return signal for a short period of time. Generally, both the intensity and the Doppler (frequency) shift of the return signal are analyzed to determine the wind speed, wind direction and turbulent character of the atmosphere.

[EMP Hardening]
There are two things to consider when considering hardening targets against EMP. The first question to answer is whether the hardened system will become useless if shielded. The second question to be answered is whether the target is economically worthwhile to harden. The answers to these two questions are used to determine what devices should be shielded

To explain the first consideration, Makoff and Tsipis give the following simple example. If there was a communication plane with many antennas used to collect and transfer data, it would not be useful if its antennas were removed. However, to harden the plane, the antennas would need to be removed because they provide a direct path to the interior of the plane. It is important to understand how the hardening will affect the performance of the hardened item.

The second consideration is very easy to understand. Some systems, although important, may not seem worthwhile enough to harden due to the high costs of shielding. "It may cost from 30% to 50% of the cost of a ground based communication center…just to refit it to withstand EMP," and, "as high as 10% of the cost for each plane."

There are two basic ways to harden items against EMP effects.20 The first method is metallic shielding. The alternative is tailored hardening. Both methods will be briefly described.

Metallic shielding is used to, "Exclude energy propagated through fields in space." Shields are made of a continuous piece of some metal such as steel or copper. A metal enclosure generally does not fully shield the interior because of the small holes that are likely to exist. Therefore, this type of shielding often contains additional elements to create the barrier. Commonly, only a fraction of a millimeter of a metal is needed to supply adequate protection. This shield must completely surround the item to be shielded. A tight box must be formed to create the shield. The cost of such shielding (in1986 dollars) is $1000 per square meter for a welded-steel shield after installation.

The alternative method, tailored hardening, is a more cost-effective way of hardening. In this method, only the most vulnerable elements and circuits are redesigned to be more rugged. The more rugged elements will be able to withstand much higher currents. However, a committee of the National Academy of Sciences is skeptical of this method due to unpredictable failures in testing. Also, the use of this method is not recommended by the National Research Council. They doubted whether the approximations made to evaluate susceptibilities of the components were accurate. They did concede that tailored hardening may be useful to make existing systems less vulnerable.

[Propulsion]
The Zealous class Super Dreadnought is driven by ten Baldur pebble bed nuclear reactors. The Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR) is a new type of high temperature helium gas-cooled nuclear reactor, which builds and advances on world-wide nuclear operators' experience of older reactor designs. The most remarkable feature of these reactors is that they use attributes inherent in and natural to the processes of nuclear energy generation to enhance safety features. More importantly, it is also a practical and cost-effective solution to most of the logistics of generating electricity.

http://www.eskom.co.za/nuclear_energy/pebble_bed/image1_2.gif

To protect the reactor there are several infra-red detection devices around the uranium core, and at a note from a pressure sensor, either made by water or a man made collision, the Baldur nuclear reactor is automatically shut off, save for the coolant flow.

http://www.eskom.co.za/nuclear_energy/pebble_bed/coated_part.gif

The nature of the chain reaction that takes place in the PBMR is exactly the same as the one that takes place at Koeberg. (Refer to Koeberg experience - Fuel )

The fuel used in a PBMR consists of "spheres" which are designed in such a way that they contain their radioactivity. The PBMR fuel is based on proven high quality fuel used in Germany.

Each sphere is about the size of a tennis ball and consists of an outer graphite matrix (covering) and an inner fuel zone The fuel zone of a single sphere can contain up to 15 000 "particles". Each particle is coated with a special barrier coating, which ensures that radioactivity is kept locked inside the particle. One of the barriers,the silicon carbide barrier, is so dense that no gaseous or metallic radioactive products can escape. (it retains its density up to temperatures of over 1 700 degrees Celsius). The reactor is loaded with over 440 000 spheres - three quarters of which are fuel spheres and one quarter graphite spheres - at any one time. Fuel spheres are continually being added to the core from the top and removed from the bottom. The removed spheres are measured to see if all the uranium has been used. If it has, the sphere is sent to the spent fuel storage system, and if not, it is reloaded in the core. An average fuel sphere will pass through the core about 10 times before being discharged. the graphite spheres are always re-used. The graphite spheres are used as a moderator. They absorb and reduce the energy of the neutrons so that these can reach the right energy level needed to sustain the chain reaction.

The Baldur nuclear reactors are hooked up to a conducting system, which in turn power a series of Louis-Alice Power Supplies, which then go through a series of thousands of capacitors, and then again through another motor-generator, and finally to their respective water jets and maneuvering pods. There are eight water jets on the outer hulls, and four in the inner hulls. The Zealous class Super Dreadnought also boasts six maneuvering jets, three on each side.

[Aircraft]
The Zealous class Super Dreadnought wields six catapults, along with six elevators. Getting air moving over the deck is important, but the primary takeoff assistance comes from the carrier's six catapults, which get the planes up to high speeds in a very short distance. Each catapult consists of two pistons that sit inside two parallel cylinders, each about as long as a football field, positioned under the deck. The pistons each have a metal lug on their tip, which protrudes through a narrow gap along the top of each cylinder. The two lugs extend through rubber flanges, which seal the cylinders, and through a gap in the flight deck, where they attach to a small shuttle.

To prepare for a takeoff, the flight deck crew moves the plane into position at the rear of the catapult and attaches the towbar on the plane's nose gear (front wheels) to a slot in the shuttle. The crew positions another bar, the holdback, between the back of the wheel and the shuttle (in Lu-25 SVTOL aircraft, the holdback is built into the nose gear -- in other planes, it's a separate piece). While all of this is going on, the flight crew raises the jet blast deflector (JBD) behind the plane (aft of the plane, in this case). When the JBD, towbar and holdback are all in position, and all the final checks have been made, the catapult officer (also known as the "shooter") gets the catapults ready from the catapult control pod, a small, encased control station with a transparent dome that protrudes above the flight deck.

When the plane is ready to go, the catapult officer opens valves to fill the catapult cylinders with high-pressure steam from the ship's reactors. This steam provides the necessary force to propel the pistons at high speed, slinging the plane forward to generate the necessary lift for takeoff. Initially, the pistons are locked into place, so the cylinders simply build up pressure. The catapult officer carefully monitors the pressure level so it's just right for the particular plane and deck conditions. If the pressure is too low, the plane won't get moving fast enough to take off, and the catapult will throw it into the ocean. If there's too much pressure, the sudden jerk could break the nose gear right off.

When the cylinders are charged to the appropriate pressure level, the pilot blasts the plane's engines. The holdback keeps the plane on the shuttle while the engines generate considerable thrust. The catapult officer releases the pistons, the force causes the holdbacks to release, and the steam pressure slams the shuttle and plane forward. At the end of the catapult, the tow bar pops out of the shuttle, releasing the plane. This totally steam-driven system can rocket a 45,000-pound plane from 0 to 165 miles per hour in two seconds! (a 20,000-kg plane from 0 to 266 kph)

The Zealous’ hangars hold up to one hundred and fifty Lu-25 Black Mariah SVTOL aircraft, specially designed for usage on the Zealous class Super Carriers. Unfortunately, purchase of the SVTOL must come separately, although there is a package available which includes a full load of Lu-25s with the purchase of each Zealous class Super Dreadnought.

[Crew]
The Zealous’ naval crew complement consists of eight thousand non-officers, NCOs, junior officers and general officers. The air complement, maintenance not included (instead included with the naval complement), consists of three hundred pilots.

Just as important, however, is the fact that each Zealous class Super Dreadnought can carry up to ten thousand infantry, and also holds six hovercraft landing craft for amphibious operations – although all of this is only included in case of a planned amphibious operation.

[Other Statistics]
[Maximum Velocity:] 30 Knots
[Length:] 680 Meters
[Width:] 136 Meters
[Draught:] 13.6 Meters
[Displacement:] 1,500,000 Tonnes fully loaded

Kriegzimmer Arms Industries Lu-25 Black Mariah STOVL Multi-Role Fighter

[Lu-25 Black Mariah STOVL [ Multi-role short takeoff and vertical landing]]
http://www.aerospaceweb.org/aircraft/research/x35/x35_schem_01.jpg

[Abstract]
The Lu-25 was designed specifically for use on the Zealous class Super Dreadnought. Consequently, because of the constraints of an airforce based on a super dreadnought, and because of concerns regarding runway length and the space required, the new aircraft was designed as an verticle take off/landing aircraft, and that way allow for room for more aircraft. The Lu-25 was designed off the Lu-12 and the Lu-05 combined, and indeed, the engineers in the Lu-25 project planned on combining both aircraft into one, along with the X-35 [F-35] project.

[Combat Systems]
The Lu-25 has eight wing hardpoints, capable of carrying what in the Macabee military are called 'missile clips', in which an Lu-25 can carry a total of ten MTAAM-3 Predator air to air missiles. The wings are lined with a Rene N6 superalloy variant called Thymonel 8, used widely in Macabee turbines and engines for its missiles. Thymonel 8 has a tendency to have a low case of hydrogen enviroment embrittlement and does not burn or wear as easily, making it perfect for mass launchings of air to air missiles. Each Black Mariah STOVL aircraft also carried either four MLAM-2 air to surface missiles, or four of any type of anti-shipping missile, or four extra air to air missiles.

Moreover, the Lu-12 has two 20mm cannons mounded in blisters on either side of the fuselage. The cannons are powered by an internal motor generator, nick named the LuG-1 generator, which in turn powers dozens of large capacitors, bathed in water to give more permeability for the transfer of electrons, multiplying total power output by at least eighty.

Two internal hardpoints can carry up to 2,000 pounds worth of weight for bombs or extra missiles, or even extra fuel for extended air superiority missions.

The Lu-25 also has a single MAAMG (Macabee Anti-Air Missile Gun), dubbed 'Lunatic', as well as a undercompartment for flares and chaff. Moreover, it's armed with active RADAR jammer.

[Cockpit and Avionics]
The GEC-built Head-Up Display (HUD) offers a wide field of view (30 degrees horizontally by 25 degrees vertically) and serves as a primary flight instrument for the pilot.

There are six liquid crystal display (LCD) panels in the cockpit. These present information in full color and are fully readable in direct sunlight. LCDs offer lower weight and less size than the cathode ray tube (CRT) displays used in most current aircraft. The lower power requirements also provide a reliability improvement over CRTs. The two Up-Front Displays (UFDs) measure 3"x4" in size and are located to the left and right of the control panel.

The Integrated Control Panel (ICP) is the primary means for manual pilot data entry for communications, navigation, and autopilot data. Located under the glareshield and HUD in center top of the instrument panel, this keypad entry system also has some double click functions, much like a computer mouse for rapid pilot access/use.

The Primary Multi-Function Display (PMFD) is a 8"x8" color display that is located in the middle of the instrument panel, under the ICP. It is the pilot’s principal display for aircraft navigation (including showing waypoints and route of flight) and Situation Assessment (SA) or a "God's-eye view" of the entire environment around (above, below, both sides, front and back) the aircraft.

Three Secondary Multi-Function Displays (SMFDs) are all 6.25" x 6.25" and two of them are located on either side of the PMFD on the instrument panel with the third underneath the PMFD between the pilot's knees. These are used for displaying tactical (both offensive and defensive) information as well as non-tactical information (such as checklists, subsystem status, engine thrust output, and stores management)

[Airframe]
The airframe of the Lu-25 is a composite material made of an Aluminum based superalloy, NiAl, also a third generation crystal superalloy, as well as titanium, cobalt, Iron, interlaced tungsten and a Zirconium and hafnium alloy. There are fifteen titanium ribs.

The airframe is also built with contour angles, in which RADAR waves bounce back in other directions, thus giving the Lu-25 a limited stealth feature, although it has been known that particularly powerful RADAR can look 'over' said features.

[Stealth]
The Lu-25 incorporates the Pallas Athena system, which uses carbon computers, to measure the amplitude, period and frequency of incoming radio waves and thus return an exact radio wave in order to cancel it. The motor generations which run the Pallas Athena also run through a series of capacitors, bathed in water, in order to augment total output by atleast eighty times over. However, the Pallas Athena can be overwhelmed, consequently, it's more of a second rate weapon in order to put 'lesser technologies' at a disadvantage.

The airframe is also covered with a thin-layer of composite light-metallic materials, which in turn is covered with microscopic silica material that is placed to seperate LIDAR rays into opposite adjacent directions.

The turbojets have infra-red suppresants in order to reduce on infra-red photon radiation, consequently cutting back on infra-red target lock from the less advance air to air missiles (AIM-7 Sparrow, AAM and AIM-9 Sidewinders).

Finally, the entire aircraft has a coating of WAVE-X radar absorbent material, which incorporates the best of honeycomb absorbent material, as well as foam absorbers. WAVE-X works at a frequency of 100MHz - 6GHz and has a surface resistivity of 1MΩ. It works in extreme temperatures, -54° - +177°C, and is the best in existance up to now.

http://www.arc-tech.com/photos/arc_32.jpg

[Electronics]
The Lu-25 is equipped with a carry-on RADAR, powered through another motor generator, which in turn runs its wires through a series of dozens of capacitors bathed in water, multiplying the power put out by the motor generator by at least eighty. In turn, the active RADAR can detect movements at over three hundred kilometers distance, equal to that of a MiG-31. Specifically, it's a multi-mode X-band pulse Doppler radar. The system consists of a single electronically-scanned Phased-Array RADAR antenna mounted in the nose and tail giving the Su-63 360 degree scanning capabilites.System can track 50 Targets and simultaeneously fire at 5.The NO-12M RADAR can also be integrated with AWAC or ground based RADAR systems to give it a total detection range of whatever the ground based RADAR is.

The Lu-25 is also equipped with a Gaussian LIDAR transmitter. How the Gaussian transmitter works is that it sets up two electrical planes, one charged positively, and one charged negatively. This, in turn, sets up an electron form, which charges the transmitter to direct a photon ray. The laser beam transmitted in turn hits an object and reports said object through electrical impulses, not reflection. A carbon computer onboard the Lu-25 distinguishes between inanimate (meaning, natural obstacles), friendly, and non-friendly objects in the sky. In order to reduce sucepbility to LIDAR falters in the clouds the DOPPLER LIDAR and DIAL use an infra-red imaging program.

The Lu-25 has a single three hundred and sixty degree rotating camera located under the nose of the aircraft, giving the pilot a full circle view of at least fifty kilometers distance.

[Other Statistics]
Height: 5.9 meters
Wingspan: 12.8 meters
Length: 20.6 meters
Stall Speed: 120 kilometers per hour
Climb Rate: 28,000 meters per minute
Ceiling: 24,384 meters
Range: 5,600 kilometers

[Engines]
The Lu-25 has two Farmacell X-987-RB4 Turbofans lined with Thymonel 8, a RENE N6 superalloy. Thrust-vectoring nozzles provides STOL capabilities, 160 kN static thrust with 250 kN of afterburner. The Farmacell X-987-RB4 turbofans give the Lu-25 a maximum velocity of Mach 2.5.

The STOVL variant features a ducted lift fan located in an enlarged spine just aft of the cockpit in place of a fuel tank carried by the conventional models. This fan is used to provide lift needed for vertical flight, along with thrust provided by the main engine. The main engine makes use of a unique swivelling nozzle that can redirect the thrust aft for level flight or down for vertical flight.

MMPWV LV-08 Armored Patrol/Light Truck

MMPWV LV-08 Armored Patrol/Light Truck [HMMWV replacement]

http://img400.imageshack.us/img400/2572/ultraapiiuse8fs.png

With the continuous evolution of the Armed Forces of the Armed Republic, it was becoming apparant that something had to be done with the light vehicles in the armed forces, the most noticeable being the MMPWV NV-05, one for every three infantry in the entire military, a truly staggering amount. The reason: with the VEPR series of infantry combat systems, something universal was needed to recharge the systems power packs, and with the inherent state of the military of the Armed Republic as a fast attack force, it was only natural to implement powerpack regeneration systems into every NV-05. However, the vehicle is beginning to show its age, its armor now rarely effective, its powerplant one of the oldest in the entire fleet, and its general performance not reaching expectations. Originally, it was an outstanding vehicle, capable of strenuous operation but with so few casualties to the fleet, it has stagnated, most vehicle frames being a dozen or more years old. Every day several succumb to rust-weakened frames, blown up engines, and worn out transmissions.

It was apparant that a replacement was necessary, and soon. Engineers at three of the nations foremost corporations quickly sent to work, Dat' Pizdy Arms Corporation quickly prepared the MMPWV YLV-7 vehicle. Not to be out-done, Mak-INV, the nation's leading designer and seller of civilian vehicles, soon-after released the MMPWV YLV-8, followed shortly after by Tamarov GW Co with its MMPWV YLV-9. The YLV-7 was a radical new design, incorporating an over-all view similar, but distant, from the MMPWV M-04, the NV-05's fore-runner. With its aggressive stance, armor, and armament package it was a menacing machine. The YLV-8, following Mak-INV's trademarks, was an overly aggressive design that showed incredible promise, its speed and capabilities unmatched. Finally, relative newcomer to the scene Tamarov's YLV-9 was a bit traditional, mirroring the NV-05 and presenting a well-rounded, albeit standard appearance and capability. After several weeks of intense debate over the designs, and after hundreds of tests, the winner was chosen. A week later and the first prototype version of the XLV-08 hit the test scenes, soon to become the military's new favorite vehicle [along with the civilian market, where it would be marketed under the Mak-INV trademark].

The MMPWV LV-08 is a truly remarkable machine, a modern killer with unlimited capability. From the ground up it was designed to intimidate, and if intimidation didn't work, to protect its crew through armor and armament. In every test it went through it passed with unimaginable results. It is the new standard in the armed forces, used by every branch and every group . Designed to operate continually with Armed Republic forces it boasts the ability to be airdropped, air transported, helicopter transported, amphibious, and fast with a standard armor package unmatched by any sort of competition, earning it respect among grunts, officers, and the civilian populace. It [i]is an incredible vehicle with no equal. With over ten different variants of this incredible vehicle, every niche in the armed forces has been filled with none other than the Mak-INV LV-08 Light Infantry Vehicle.

Interior

The interior of the base LV-08 vehicle was designed for easy access and easy exit, so its rather spacious with a generous amount of room and a rather low basic seating capacity [four including the driver and commander/gunner]. The interior of the basic LV-08 [without the add-on seating package] is centered around a centrally-located pillar, with four seats facing away from the pillar. The front seat is the driver operator who sits nestled among a series of guages, computer monitors, and driving controls. He drives courtesy of a power-assisted, real-time feedback [can be disabled] steering wheel with essential operating buttons located at ergonomic positions so that in combat the driver does not have to remove his hands from the wheel. These buttons can toggle computer screens on the two main touch-screen monitors, both located to his right on positionable systems so that he may position them to whatever position is most comfortable for the driver. Above the guage assembly [located directly in front of him] but below the window is a series of LCD monitors which provide a full 360 degree panoramic view around the vehicle so the driver does not have to take his eyes far from the primary windscreen [although windows and mirrors do outfit the vehicle so the driver does not have to rely on the screens]. This is further enhanced by a heads up display which projects basic driving data onto the window so, in some situations, the driver does not even have to remove his eyes from the window. Although the primary windscreen is bulletproof and shatter resistant, a metal armor plate can be lifted from over the engine compartment to latch into a secure position covering the window, leaving a small slit to operate the vehicle from. However, the driver can position one of the two positionable monitors to directly in front of him and wire it directly into either the primary electro-optical forward looking system [or its counterpart thermal system] or the series of small cameras to provide a day/night real-time view of the external environment. All auxiliary controls [heater, A/C, headlights, internal lights, glow plugs, etc.] are located either on the left hand A-pillar, or above the driver on a bank of controls. The driver seat can change position, has lumbar support, and is very comfortable, in order to reduce driver fatigue. He is given side-impact air bags and a central air bag mounted in the steering wheel for major impacts [can be disabled]. Numerous small storage devices allow storage of small items and a right-side holster carries a personal defense weapon along with ammunition. The entire front portion of the cabin can be completely removed. The driver has four potential exit points. The first is through the roof, the second through the removable front portion, the third through the passenger doors, and the forth through his own door, which is located on the left side of the vehicle, just forward of the left passenger door. To get out, the driver simply has to depress the egress button and the door will open, he will then pull himself up with the handles on the roof and then proceed to exit through the door and hop to the ground.

Each passenger [who sit on the sides of the pillar and face towards doors] has a small LCD touch screen monitor to either provide real-time exterior viewing at any angle or to provide data through communication/LAN devices courtesy of the AEISCN DefenseNet. They can also recieve real time updates into their VEPR systems because the vehicle itself acts as a LAN depot. All surfaces are covered with a gripping material to aid any movement, yet cushioned to prevent serious damage in case of jostling due to rough terrain or mine detonations. All jutting surfaces are covered in a cushioning material to prevent damage. Each passenger seat resembles performance seats, but are much more heavily cushioned [especially since they are sitting at a right angle in respect to a potential head-on crash] so the edges curve around and provide support in needed areas. They are given lap belts, but chest belts can be attached to the lap belt connector for highway use. Airbags mounted above them and on the supporting system provide cushion in impacts while side-mounted bags assist. Each door opens conventionally [not suicide doors, gull wing, or 'Lambo' doors], and can optionally lock into position, providing a level of defense for the soldier leaving the vehicle. A panel underneath each seat can slide out providing a stable platform to stand on, while a door-mounted pintle mount can carry a machine gun fitted through each removable 'Upper Door System' [which is the upper portion of the door which can be removed]. The seats themselves can slide out a number of inches, and even swivel. This means, that when the door is removed, the hinges can be used to mount a swaying pintle mount bar armed with a machine gun and each passenger seat can be armed with one, covering the sides of the vehicle. The doors can be left on [with the upper door portion removed] or off [totally removed door]. To further aid in safety, each passenger has a wall mounted fire extinguisher in a cradle with a single strap to prevent jarring loose and potential injury created by it.

The commander/gunner, who sits in the rear of the crew compartment, is immersed in an ocean of LCD touch screen monitors, all on moveable mounts to ensure commander compatibility with the vehicle. This set up, including the windows, gives the commander/gunner a complete 360 panoramic view of the outside world in both electro-optical and thermal vision, allowing for day/night operation. He operates both the roof-mounted remotely operated machine gun turret [outfitted with a dedicated camera/electro-optical/low light and thermal system] and the potential extendable sensor mast [which would reside in the central pillar and extend to several meters in height, carrying cameras, thermal imagers, laser designators/rangefinders, and communication/satellite uplink gear]. He is also responsible for refilling the machine gun's ammunition through its ammunition bin. A radio is present in the rear and has two input systems, one for the driver, one for the commander with speakers giving all the vehicle's occupants the ability to hear commands, etc. The commander has three exit choices. The first is through the roof , the second is through his dedicated exit door [which is in the absolute rear] and the third is through either passenger door [ample space is provided for this, it is not crowded].

All windows can be covered with metal partitions [all windows are bulletproof and shatter resistant]. Four internal lamps [two up front, two in the rear] can light the vehicle, however, when secrecy is a must [or when operating with the driver using night vision systems], two lamps [one in front, one in the rear] covered by a non-porous shield provide limited viewing for such things as maps, etc. [when not displayed on the computer]. Computers can operate in a non-lighted mode, however, they can be viewed perfectly fine through night vision enhancement systems. All seats are mine resistant and carry armored plating to prevent mine-created shrapnel from harming vital portions of the body. All doors can be removed, as well as the forward and rear windscreens to produce a lighter variant ideal for quick incursions, etc. The vehicle maintains a heater with floor and roof mounted vents to warm the crew compartment as well as an air conditioning unit to cool the vehicle using the same systems. Additional roof-mounted fans provide additional cooling abilities. It is also fully NBC proof [when activated and can either recirculate air or clean air]. Numerous handles, bars, etc. provide gripping capability for enhanced entrance and egress, along with grab-points during rough travel.

The vehicle shown in the picture is the basic armored patrol/light truck variant of the LV-08. It is not the [i]only variant but the first of many. The vehicle can be upgraded with a system which adds four additional seats by replacing the cargo area of the light truck variant. This add-on provides two more doors [and hence two more points to mount machine guns]. This addition also provides seating for up to six externally seated soldiers courtesy of fold down seating panels on each side and the rear [two on each side, two on the rear]. The front portion of the vehicle remains the same [the four around the pillar] but the rear changes to two bench seats which comfortable seat four but can seat five or six. This upgrade leaves only a small amount of internal storage space.

Mine Resistance

The MMPWV LV-08 was designed from the wheels up to intimidate, and if that didn't work, protect her crew through armor and armament. It boasts one of the strongest armor packages for this light of a vehicle. However, not just armor make this an incredibly survivable machine, but other features as well. The first is the wheel-base, it was designed as far apart as possible as far as the crew as possible so that in the event a wheel detonates a mine, the explosion is vented upwards, leaving the crew cabin undamaged. The rear portion of the vehicle is sacrificial and seperates from the cabin in the event of a mine detonation near the rear wheel. It is further supplemented by a curved underbody skid plate which tends to reduce any damage from mines by venting the detonation towards the ground, usually resulting in the vehicle hopping several feet. The variable height system allows for the vehicle to be lifted [at the highest setting, the blast is more quickly dissipated]. The skid plate system is composed of a three-layer sandwich structure which, in the event of a strong enough detonation, can collapse in on itself to absorb detonation forces.

Another design feature is the variable height system. In order to fit into helicopters, while still maintaining respectable ground clearance, the vehicle had to have some sort of height limiting feature. Mak-INV engineers decided not to infringe upon ground clearance and instead opted for a hydraulically actuated body, capable of tilting the body forward, backward, to either side, or raising it or lowering to any of six seperate settings. At the lowest setting, the vehicle could easily fit into most helicopter cargo holds. At the highest setting, the vehicle could pretty much survive anti-personnel and some smaller anti-tank mine detonations completely unscathed. This is further augmented by the chassis, which actually rides on airbags connected to the frame, providing a smooth ride as well as the ability to deflate and lower the height of the vehicle.

The crew and infantry inside are further protected by the complete Drivetrain Armor System, which protects the entire drive train from detonation and shrapnel effects, in order to preserve the vehicle's ability to operate after a mine detonation. Each drivetrain component [transmission, engine, transaxle, transfer, driveshaft, etc.] is protected with its own armor plate in order to ensure the drivetrain's survival. However, if any rear portion of the drivetrain [rear transaxle, transfer case, driveshaft] is damaged, the vehicle can still drive, courtesy of front wheel drive [four wheel drive, but with the rear two wheels out of commission]. This also aids in collective crew defense, as drivetrain components also serve as additional armor between the crew and the ground.
Anti-mine defense does not stop there, though, and proceeds to the seats of the crewmembers. The individual seats are non-flammable, armored, and positioned atop air-ride type systems to aid in both comfort and reduction in impact forces.

Exterior

The exterior of the vehicle is described as radical. Its angular cabin apperance is designed for multiple reasons. One is to indimidate, the more practical reason is to protect the crew, the angled surfaces aiding in ballistic protection. Combine this with its awesome armor scheme [described later] and you truly get an 'armored patrol vehicle'. The vehicle carries many windows, however, these are again designed with the crew in mind. Although they infringe on vision [which is replaced with the panoramic view system], they are smaller, and thicker, with less surface area and better protecting the crew against most any commonly met ammunition.
The front end is particularly aggressive, especially with its myriad of lights [four driving lamps (two high intensity discharge lams, two standard), two fog-lights for enhanced snowy/rainy/foggy driving, and two roof-mounted flood lights (one is in the rear to look behind)] and grill protection. The standard version carries a brush guard which comes directly from the frame and covers the grill, with two metal bars extending to protect the lights. Two tow hooks both front and back allow for towing while four lift rings [located on each corner] allow for the ability to be slung underneath a helicopter. The vehicle carries twin 8000lb electric winches, one in the front and one in the rear, for duties such as getting itself unstuck. An air intake snorkel runs along the driver right hand A-pillar to an air cleaner assembly on the roof. The engine compartment is completely sealed and the vehicle can ford several feet of water, and, when outfitted [needs added flotation aids besides current ones] can be fully amphibous [albeit half-submerged] with a single transfer case-driven screw and two small rudders.

The vehicle's exterior is covered in storage. The hood provides the ability for material to be strapped down while cargo racks on each side allow for further material, including ammunition boxes, to be placed there. Cargo boxes in the front and underneath the passenger doors provide additional storage for such things as survival gear, entrenchment gear, ammunition, etc. and have an armored face to prevent entrance of ricocheting rounds or shrapnel. The box is heavy duty and carries numerous cargo tie-down points along with holes to allow for racks to be placed for additional cargo capacity. Additional cargo boxes reside underneath the rear portion of the box. The bottom of the box lifts up to reveal another storage point, however, much of this is taken up by a spare tire and jacks. Cargo racks along the box's edge allow for additional cargo oppurtunities.

The LV-08 can be modified so its box removed and replaced with an 'extended cargo capacity box' which makes it an efficient cargo carrier. Variants of this include roofed models and models for duties such as armored ammunition handlers, medevac, ambulances, etc.

Armor

Mines are not the only threat vehicles face, but one of the major killers, as most vehicles are escorted by other combat vehicles to dispose of major surface threats. However, the LV-08 was also designed for an urban setting and contains an incredible amount of armor and defense features for a vehicle of this type, including its heavily faceted apperance [which aides in ballistic protection]. Initial armor is provided by a layer of galvanized, treated aluminum which encompasses the entire vehicle. Behind this is a layer of kevlar-infused ceramics in a polymer-alumina matrix followed by a dense boronated plastics bond. This is then followed by an thick treated steel shell. This is for the entire vehicle. Each door and crew-compartment area is supplemented by an added ceramics/steel package which provides defense from standard 12.7mm ammunition [not armor-piercing]. However, this is not the end, further packs can be added to supplement the armor abilities.

Additional Survivability Systems/Other

The vehicle is also remarkable in the fact that the engine and transmission can be swiftly removed by removing four lead bolts, lifting the hood and pulling it out with a hoist. A new engine can be dropped in, the transmission connected, and the bolts fastened, making for incredible return-to-duty times. Also, the LV-08 operates a front-mounted winch and a rear mounted winch. Four lift rings on all four corners allow the ability to be underslung by helicopters. Tow hooks in the front and rear allow towing. A universal hitch at the rear carries a standard ball hitch and slat hitch. A friend or foe identifier resides on all four sides of the vehicle and is visible using infrared or night vision systems.

All suspension is MacPherson struts aided by both spring and nitrogen shock absorbers in order to make the ride smooth and continuous. All wheels are run-flat with the ability to vary pressure [centrally operated air compressor can continuously refill flat tires]. The vehicle can drive on its rims if necessary [all tires blown out, etc.]. All brakes are hydraulic disc. Also included in this package is the computerized stability control [which maintains stability using the adjustable height system] and power regenerating systems [regenerative brakes]. All wheel hubs are covered with an armored wheel hub to prevent gunfire from seperating the wheel from the axle. A protective fuel tank [fitted with flow control and pressure systems] is nestled in an armored box to prevent any sort of mass burn, with the pressure of any such event actually jettisoning the fuel tank by itself. The Advanced Degenerative Lubrication System prevents piston scoring if damage is done to any component of the oil system, causing oil drainage. The ADLS system allows the engine to run some 40 minutes without oil. The engine is air and water cooled engine using a radiator system and a series of heat dissipators. Water can be poured into an intake and used as a coolant. The vehicle is made more manuevarable and safer with the addition of four-wheel steering.

Armament

The LV-08, in order to effectively operate to defend its crew and any nearby infantry, carries its own armament as standard. The standard armament is the Mak-INV KMI-9A [i]Aries automated turret outfitted with a 12.7mm machine gun and 40mm grenade launcher. The Aries turret carries its own 'Combined Threat Detection Suite' which is composed of three integral detection systems: infrared/thermal, electro-optical, and low-light/night-vision. The suite is added to an elementary fire control computer which, in conjunction with a built-in laser rangefinder can designate and store several targets to fire upon, it can also keep the turret level on a target even across rough terrain [much like a tank]. The system feeds into a commander operated console located in the rear passenger compartment of the vehicle where the vehicle's 'commander' or any other infantry authorized to operate the system, can remotely operate the turret to engage targets. The turret itself is mounted above the rear portion of the vehicle, slightly to the left and is fed through an armored ammunition link leading into an internally held reloadable ammunition storage box. The turret itself is armored to prevent damage from shrapnel or ricocheting rounds. It also operates four 81mm smoke grenade launchers [which can also launch mortars].

However, the system adds weight so it is capable of being removed. However, this does not leave the vehicle defenseless, two hatches located atop the vehicle [one in the rear behind the driver, the other to the left and located midway, are capable of carrying machine guns up to 12.7mm on pintle mounts. The door hinges [when the doors are removed] can carry extended pintle mounts to carry additional 12.7mm machine guns at all three available door stations [sides, rear].

Powerplant

In order to propel this beast of a machine to incredible speeds, the vehicle maintains a heavy duty powerplant, the Mak-INV INViro E9 Inline Six cylinder twin turbocharged, fuel injected diesel engine displacing nine liters. The engine is liquid cooled and outfitted with block heater, glow plugs [to warm the combustion chamber] and fuel line warming systems to ensure all-weather capabilities [the battery can also operate the system if no other electricity source is near]. The low-horsepower engine develops three hundred and fifty horsepower but a staggering seven hundred foot-pounds of pure torque, which really propels this and allows it to lug a load others would have to buy logistical trucks for. It is tied to a standard six forward speed, one reverse speed manual transmission [or a four speed automatic] which ties to a four wheel drive transfer case [it can operate in two wheel drive in both high or low, four wheel drive in both high or low]. The rear end ratio is 4.10:1 which gives it incredible pulling power. With its low gear ratios and intense power, you'd think it'd be slow, or at least slow to accelerate. That's not the case, the initial turbocharger kicks in at about 1800 rpm, the second a few hundred rpm later, providing a kick in acceleration giving this heavy vehicle road-speeds that match its civilian cousins. The package is also remarkable in the fact that the engine and transmission can be swiftly removed by removing four lead bolts, lifting the hood and pulling it out with a hoise. A new engine can be dropped in, the transmission connected, and the bolts fastened, making for incredible return-to-duty times. The engine is mated to an electrical generator/motor to provide power to an auxiliary electric motor front-wheel drive assist [the vehicle can drive silently for several miles using this]. However, it primarily serves to recharge VEPR system batteries [there are two cradles to recharge batteries on each LV-08].

General Specifications
Length- 15.00 ft.
Width- 7.08 ft.
Weight- 7,100.00 lbs. [Base]
Height- 6.20 ft. [Full Height]; 5.00 ft. [Lowest Height]
Crew- 4 [Driver, Commander/Gunner, 2 Passengers][LV-08 AP/LT]; 9 [Driver, Commander/Gunner, 7 passengers][LV-08 Personnel Carrier variants with extended crew compartment; does not include up to six externally seated soldiers].

Powerplant- 9L Displacement Mak-INV INViro E9 I6 Twin Turbocharged Diesel mated with an electrical generator/motor
Horsepower- 350 at 3,600 RPM
Transmission- 6 speed, manual SB-MTHPT-T3
Brakes- Hydraulic, 4-wheeled disc with mechanical back-up
Fuel type- Diesel, DF-2, JP-4, JP-8, VV-F-800
Fuel capacity- 33 US Gallons [Internal Twin Tanks in blow-out boxes]; 15 US Gallons [In additional external tank]
Range- 450 miles
Maximum Speed- 75 mph. [Governor regulates it at 60 mph.]

Fording depth- 2.50 ft. [Unprepared]; 5.00 ft. [Snorkel]
Maximum Grade- 67%
Side Slope- 35 deg.

Form Letter from the Department of State, Sub-Department of Form Letters, Sub-Sub-Department of Humorous and Hostile Form Letters, Sub-Sub-Sub-Department of We Don't Give a Damn

Form Letter from the Department of State, Sub-Department of Form Letters, Sub-Sub-Department of Humorous and Hostile Form Letters, Sub-Sub-Sub-Department of We Don't Give a Damn

(Check all that apply)

Dear:

[ ] President
[ ] Prime Minister
[ ] King/Queen
[ ] Maniacal Dictator
[ ] Reasonable Leader
[ ] Twit With Guns
[ ] CEO/Board Chairman
[ ] Religious Dudes

Congratulations on your:

[ ] New weapon
[ ] WMD proliferation
[ ] First satellite launch
[ ] Imperialist expansion
[ ] Prelude to ethnic cleansing attempt
[ ] Prelude to future terrorist attacks
[ ] Superb display of complete idiocy
[ ] Success in tying your shoelaces

We would protest more, but:

[ ] That wouldn't be enough, so we protest vehemently
[ ] We're actually happy for you
[ ] We might buy weapons from you
[ ] Ours is bigger
[ ] We've done worse
[ ] You are a tiny nation with no influence
[ ] You have insulted/threatened other nations who will destroy you for us
[ ] We honestly couldn't care less
[ ] "Family Guy" is on

Therefore, we have decided to:

[ ] Declare war
[ ] Impose a trade embargo
[ ] Go about forgetting that you ever existed
[ ] Sit back and laugh as you are annihilated
[ ] Offer to buy your nukes at $1 million per kiloton
[ ] Offer weapons to your enemies
[ ] Send a tactical fruit basket
[ ] Send a tactical nuclear weapon disguised as a fruit basket
[ ] Buy weapons from you

In closing, we hope you:

[ ] Have a nice day
[ ] Find eternal peace
[ ] Fall on a pike
[ ] Know what the hell you're doing
[ ] Enjoy being incinerated by aforementioned tactical nuclear weapon
[ ] Accidentally bomb yourself
[ ] Burn in the fiery depths of hell
[ ] Die an ironic death
[ ] Choke on a pretzel

Pushka's Boyevaia Uniforma "Super Soldat" Battlesuit

http://img387.imageshack.us/img387/9878/soldat66lg.jpg (http://imageshack.us)

History:

Boyevaia Uniforma #1 or BU-1 is the Union of Communist Republics' second attempt at combat enhancing suites. Unlike the first attempt it is not developed secretively but instead as a part of the SUBS program to enhance all aspects of a modern army. The center for the SUBS development which is under direct control of UCR’s Communist Party Council (CPC), gave the funding to the newly formed Bureau of Cooperative Design, which was given access to many aspects of the most advanced technologies UCR has to offer. Those included the nano technologies, electronics, advanced automatic rifle and killing methods designs and so on. Gregorie Ulyanov was made the head of the development, which was given the early on name of Proyect-32456. Three years were spent designing all aspects of Proyect-32456. Testing followed soon after, results were extraordinary, Proyect-32456 was given a production name of BU-1 and taken out of the development stage, moving right into the production. Union of Communist Republics armed forces ordered 200000 units right away, and a goal was set to completely equip UCR armed forces with these suites by the end of the decade.

Design:

CPU:

The BU-GPU (Boyevaia Uniforma-Glavnie Processiruishei Unit) is the center piece and the heart of the suite, all the systems are connected to it, and it gets the readings and inputs readings into all of them, it also contains the IL itself. The IL receives and transmits information from and to the HQs, in the HQs the information accumulated from every unit with IL package on the battlefield, as well as satelite photoes of the area and so on, after this is all processed by the supercomputers at the HQs all the info is put in a single virtual model of the battlefield where every fighting unit has a representation. This way a soldier will always know where the enemy is, where he himself is and where his comrades are.
The CPU is packed into a bag pack, which is located on the soldier’s back. The backpack is armored with BP material which will be discussed later, and is kept tight against the soldier’s back by 4 clippings. The clippings are virtually indestructible but can be easily unclipped by the soldier. Even without the CPU the soldier can be an affective killing machine. The soldier will be able to access the IL, by hooking it up through a 3 meter cable to his helmet, in order to do that he has to open up the back pack by removing the 4 titanium screws that hold the top panel and hook up the cable to the outlet on the IL interface which is located behind the CPU for safety reasons. He then hooks up the cable to an outlet on the back of his helmet and the back up, microprocessor will connect to the IL net which will allow the soldier to gain access to the information on his location, on the enemy’s location and the friendly unit’s location. The thing is that if you are going to destroy the CPU you will probably need an RPG of some sort or getting really close to the soldier, a distance from which you’ll be able to kill him. If a soldier is killed or captured his CPU is remotely fried by the HQs through the IL.

Control:

The CPU that controls all the systems of the suit receives the commands by the means of neural interface, there is a special device installed in the helmet which reads the brain waves of the wearer and transfers them into code readable by the CPU.

Visibility Reducing Armor (ZPV):

ZPV or Zashita Ponijenoi Vidimosti covers the entire suit. While technologies to make it are advanced this system has a very simple principal. The suite is covered with small monitors, each one representing a single pixel, where are small, concealed video cameras on the back and the front of the suit, they tape, in real life, the environment around the soldier. There are total 12 cameras, 6 on the back and 6 on the front, the images collected by the cameras are instantaneously processed by the CPU and are outputted on armor’s surface, where the pixel screens are so close together that the resulting picture can not be identified as being different from actual environment, by human eye. It is much harder to notice a soldier with ZPV, in fact it is almost impossible to notice that soldier with a human eye because the CPU is so advanced it outputs the images without any lag that can be noticed by human visual senses. However this system becomes less affective then used in rain for obvious reasons, plus the wearer still gives off a shadow.

Another good thing about this system is that even if the soldier is shot and a bullet hits one or more of the pixel screens, it does not affect the others and the soldier still maintains a certain level of low-visibility.

The ZPV can be turned on and off; the only problem with it is that it consumes a lot of power.

Helmet:

The BU-S (Boyevaia Uniforma-Shlem) features state of the art electronics and protection.

The frame of the helmet is made of the material called Brone Plastic (BP), it is a plastic based substance, however its molecular structure was redesigned by the use of nano technology to be an effective protection against a wide variety of kinetic weapons.
The facelet of the helmet is composed of 3 layers. First layer is the ZPV layer that was discussed earlier, then the ZPV is not activated the color of the facelet is black to conceal the face of the wearer, second layer is the thin BP film layer which ensures wearers protection against small arms and a good chance against other types of arms, and the 3rd layer is the helmet display layer, which acts as a computer monitor allowing the wearer to view and access all the features the BU-1 has to offer.

The facelet can be moved up to open up the soldier’s face, it can also be moved down and locked to seal off the helmet. Than sealed the helmet does not let in any sounds except those that went through the sound collecting sensors which filter out any sounds that might be harmful to soldier’s ears, for example a sound of a artillery shell exploding few meters away, those same filters can also be used to amplify any sound, all the sounds are recorded and transferred via IL, as well are stored on helmet’s microprocessor, they can be listened to again and again using neural interface. The air that enters the helmet is first filtered and all the poisonous gasses are removed.

The completely sealed off helmet does not let out any sound, that means that the soldier can scream as much as he wants and breath as heavily as he wants and nobody will be able to hear him as long as he has his facelet on. The conversation between two soldiers can be done through a radio located inside the helmet, it is supposed to remain on at all times, but can be turned off.

The helmet can also be unsealed without removing the facelet, this way a soldier will be able to hear anything on the outside without it being filtered and talk to people that he can’t talk to on the radio, while still having the same level of protection.

The helmet has thermal sensors that are placed into the top part of it. For the sake of efficiency and saving space those sensors have no visual output for the soldier who wears them, the readings are transferred directly to the HQs through the IL package which then transfer them back to the soldier’s CPU which outputs them on the soldiers display if the soldier has accessed that option. Also there is a day/night camera worked into the helmet which functions the same way. In both cases the efficiency was increased because the readings from one soldier can be transferred to another soldier in an instance. For example while fighting in an urban area a soldier#1 notices the enemy approaching from behind towards the soldier#2 who is behind the wall, the visual info is transferred to soldier#2 and he eliminates the enemy because he knew exactly what direction and there the enemy was coming from.

The display of the helmet has a number of options, it can be used as a thermal device, as day/night viewing device, it can be used to view the virtual representation of the battlefield, and so on.

The helmet also has light/motion detectors placed all around. Those motion detectors also act as range finders and are good for 20 meters in all the directions. They let out light waves invisible to the human eye, those waves reflect from any object and send back reflected waves a special sensor picks up those reflected waves, since the waves are administered continuously the CPU can recognize the change in position of an object from which the waves were reflected a number of times, thus indicating a moving object. Also measuring by intensity of the light reflected back, the CPU can calculate the distance the moving object is from the wearer of the BU-1.

Then all those sensors work together on the same display information from all of them is accumulated and represented as a single picture. So for example if the soldier is using his day/night vision and not the thermal vision but his thermal vision sensors detect someone, the CPU highlights the object with a red square, that means no matter how good the enemy’s camouflage is he will still be detected. The motion detectors will also alert the soldier if someone is trying to come up from behind. The soldier can also access a double vision option, enabling him to view what is picked up by his ZPV cameras on his back as well as what he can see in front of him. Even in that case the enemy object will be highlighted with a red square that will change size as the object moves.

The system can actually recognize humans because all the data is sent to HQs where its matched with the virtual battlefield model and the database which contains human body characteristics and characteristics of different types of machinery. All of that info is sent back to the CPU and the human object is highlighted. What this means is that your soldier will always able to see an enemy soldier even if he is camouflaged, while the enemy soldier will have difficulty seeing your soldier.

Primary Body Armor:

There is a breastplate covering all the vital organs of the wearer, the breastplate consists of 4 layers, first layer is the ZPV, second layer is the BP layer, only about 1/3 as thick as on the helmet, third layer is 2 cm of a solid titanium plate, after that another layer of BP this one is even less thick then the first one. This armor protection is very effective against any kind of assault weapon, however it only covers from the torso to the waste.

Secondary Body Armor:

Besides the breastplate there is also another layer of armor, this one covering the whole body. Because of the advances in nano technology a new kind of ultra dense material was created, it is light weight, thin and folds like regular cloth thread, however it provides an effective protection against projectiles such as bullets or shrapnel. The molecular structure was rearranged in such away to distribute the kinetic energy of the projectile on the wide area of the armor enabling to absorb most of the pressure. It is also has the comfort characteristics of regular clothes. It comes in six pieces. The shirt part is worn under the breastplate but also covers some of the areas of the body the breastplate doesn’t, such as the arms. The gloves protect the hands (obviously). The pants protect the legs. The boots and socks protect the feet.

The Human Ability Increasing System (SUCS):

Systema Uluchshenya Chelovecheskih Sposobnostei uses a specially developed artificial fiber (P-1203) to increase the capabilities of what a human can physically do.
Bureau of Cooperative Design developed P-1203 in 2001. P-1203 is a light, durable material which is as flexible as human muscles, if a electric shock is administered to it, it contracts, if that shock is discontinued it expands, same as human muscles, where the shock is administered in form of chemical energy created by our bodies. The difference between P-1203 and a human muscle is that P-1203 outputs 100 times as much force as a human muscle then the same amount of energy is administered. The P-1203 was worked into SUCS for an efficient system which allows the wearer of BU-1 to exert forces never before exerted by humans. A layer of P-1203 is placed between two layers of isolation, with shock administering wires connected to the P-1203 at the shoulders and at the waste. The system is made so the wearer is able to do more with his arms and legs: jump higher, punch harder, carry heavier loads and so on.

The Battery:

BU has two batteries both located in that armored backpack with the CPU, if all the BU’s systems function simultaneously the battery will last 28 hours, depending on how much SUCS is used; once one battery is depleted the second one starts working. A single battery weighs about 12 kilograms. BU’s CPU can be set in a low energy consumption mode, in which it will turn off the systems of BU not used by the wearer, for example if the wearer is slowly moving through an urban environment SUCS will be turned off.

AD-112 (Automat Dragunova):

AD-112 was designed by Dragunov’s Bureau of Firearms Design, it is the only piece of BU not created by BCD. The gun is a first attempt at the new generation of multifunctional assault weapons by DBFD.

AD-112 has a microprocessor which is wirelessly linked to BU’s CPU and can be controlled by neural display just like all the other systems.

The targeting system of the gun is linked to BU’s microprocessor; it provides all kinds of information, including the range to the target and so on. The digital gun sight allows the wearer to always see there his gun is going to hit. There is also a camera attached to the gun allowing the wearer to look behind corners without having to expose his head or any vital body parts, the camera has a x500 zoom, and can be viewed on the BU’s helmet display. Meanwhile the digital gun sight is still working allowing the BU used to snipe his enemy from behind the corner and never expose himself.

The gun has two functions, an assault rifle and a grenade launcher.

The firing rate in the assault gun function is 700 bullets per minute; there are 3 options, automatic, semi-automatic (single bullet), semi-automatic (two bullets). If the semi-automatic (two-bullets) option is selected the gun will fire 2 bullets each time the trigger is pulled, that is done for better penetration of enemy body armor, if the normal semi-automatic option is selected the gun will fire one bullet for each time the trigger is pulled.

The standard 7.62mm rounds fired by the gun are made out of tungsten, increasing the penetration qualities of the round, and are accurate up to 1000 meters.

In the grenade launcher mode, a high-explosive grenade is launched from the grenade launcher placed below the barrel of the gun. What is interesting about this is the targeting system. Once again, the markers are used; however, this time, the computer, not the human, does most of the targeting. Once the marker is placed, the grenade launcher is ready to fire; once the grenade leaves the launcher, 4 small wings snap out from its sides, and those wings are controlled by the transmitter attached to the gun, provided that the marker stays stationary, the shot is fired in the general direction of the marker, and are is no new obstacles between the marker and the grenade. After the grenade leaves the launcher, the grenade will hit the target. The gun’s microprocessor can cooperate with the BU’s CPU to make the marker traceable, thus increasing the odds of hitting the target even if it moves. The grenade can also be programmed to explode at the certain distance. When these two components are combined, you get a programmable grenade that can be told where to fly to, get there and then explode. All of these increase the efficiency of the weapon. In a fast developing situation when there is no time to even set the marker, the digital gun sight can be switched to showing the direction of grenade launchers hit to increase accuracy.

This all also works with the digital representation of the battlefield, the soldier can see an enemy on the model, mark him, fire at him, and know if achieved a hit or not.

Special Thanks to:

Layatreb
Soviet Bloc

Sarzonian Constitution (inspiration for Halberdgardian Constitution)

OOC: Thanks to Sarz for letting me copy his constitution for use as my own (with some modifications).

Preamble: We the people of Sarzonia, in order to protect the rights, freedoms, and liberties we hold dear, hereby ordain and establish this Constitution for the Incorporated States of Sarzonia.

Article I:
Section 1. Executive power shall be vested in a President, who shall, upon the death, resignation or removal from office of the founder of Sarzonia, be elected every six years and shall serve no more than two terms of office, consecutively or otherwise.
Section 2: One Lieutenant President and a Senior Vice Presidents shall assist the President in the governing of the country. The Lieutenant President shall serve as acting President in the event of the death, removal from office, resignation, or temporary inability of the President to perform his duties. A Senior Vice President and External Affairs Officer shall represent Sarzonia’s interests as the senior representative of Sarzonia. He shall serve as acting President in the event of the inability of the Lieutenant President to serve in the same capacity.
Section 3: The daily functions of the country shall be supervised by a Cabinet, which reports directly to the President. Each position on the Cabinet shall be led by a Vice President.
Section 4: The President shall be commander-in-chief of all Sarzonian armed forces.

Article II:
Section 1: Legislative powers shall be vested in a Parliament, which shall be comprised of the House of Delegates and the Senate.
Section 2: The House of Delegates shall serve as the upper House and is the direct voice of the People of Sarzonia. Each State may elect one Delegate to serve in the House of Delegates for every one million persons in its population. Any state with fewer than one million people shall be entitled to one Delegate. Each Delegate is elected to serve a two year term and may serve no more than two terms in office consecutively or three terms not in succession.
Clause 1: The Lieutenant President shall serve as President of the Senate, but shall have no vote unless they be equally divided.
Clause 2: The House of Delegates shall have sole power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Affirmation. When the President of the Incorporated States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside. And no person shall be convicted without the Concurrance of two thirds of the Members present.
Clause 3: Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the Incorporated States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law.
Section 3: The Senate shall serve as the lower House and each Senator is appointed by the Governor of each State with the Legislature of each State’s vote of approval. Each Senator may serve no more than two six-year terms, either consecutively or otherwise.
Section 4: For any declarations of war, either the President must either officially ask Parliament for a declaration of war and Parliament must approve by simple majority in both chambers, or Parliament must vote by simple majority pending the President's ascent.
Section 5:
Clause 1: Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide.
Clause 2: Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a Member.
Clause 3: Each House shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judgment require Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire of one fifth of those Present, be entered on the Journal.
Clause 4: Neither House, during the Session of Parliament, shall, without the Consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other Place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting.
Section 6:
Clause 1: All Bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the Senate; but the House of Delegates may propose or concur with Amendments as on other Bills.
Clause 2: Every Bill which shall have passed the Senate and the House of Delegates, shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the President of the Incorporated States; If he approves he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his Objections to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the Objections at large on their Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such Reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the Objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become a Law. But in all such Cases the Votes of both Houses shall be determined by yeas and Nays, and the Names of the Persons voting for and against the Bill shall be entered on the Journal of each House respectively. If any Bill shall not be returned by the President within ten Days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the Same shall be a Law, in like Manner as if he had signed it, unless the Parliament by their Adjournment prevent its Return, in which Case it shall not be a Law.
Clause 3: Every Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the Concurrence of the House of Delegates and Senate may be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the Incorporated States; and before the Same shall take Effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the Rules and Limitations prescribed in the Case of a Bill.
Section 7:
Clause 1: The Parliament shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the Incorporated States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the Incorporated States;
Clause 2: To borrow Money on the credit of the Incorporated States;
Clause 3: To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States;
Clause 4: To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the Incorporated States;
Clause 5: To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures;
Clause 6: To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the Incorporated States;
Clause 7: To establish Post Offices and post Roads;
Clause 8: To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries;
Clause 9: To constitute Tribunals inferior to the Supreme Judicial Court;
Clause 10: To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offences against the Law of Nations;
Clause 11: To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water;
Clause 12: To provide and maintain an Army;
Clause 13: To provide and maintain a Navy, including a Space-borne Navy;
Clause 14: To provide and maintain an Air Force;
Clause 15: To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces;
Clause 16: To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions;
Clause 17: To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the Incorporated States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Parliament;
Clause 18: To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, Dockyards, and other needful Buildings;--And
Clause 19: To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the Incorporated States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.
Section 8:
Clause 1: The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it.
Clause 2: No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed.
Clause 3: No Tax or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported from any State.
Clause 4: No Preference shall be given by any Regulation of Commerce or Revenue to the Ports of one State over those of another: nor shall Vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another.
Clause 5: No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time.
Section 9:
Clause 1: No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility.
Clause 2: No State shall, without the Consent of the Congress, lay any Imposts or Duties on Imports or Exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing it's inspection Laws: and the net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by any State on Imports or Exports, shall be for the Use of the Treasury of the Incorporated States; and all such Laws shall be subject to the Revision and Controul of the Congress
Clause 3: No State shall, without the Consent of Parliament, lay any Duty of Tonnage, keep Troops, or Ships of War in time of Peace, enter into any Agreement or Compact with another State, or with a foreign Power, or engage in War, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent Danger as will not admit of delay.

Article III:
Section 1: Judicial power shall be vested in a Supreme Judicial Court, with six Associate Justices and one Chief Justice, all appointed for life by the President and confirmed by the House of Delegates. The Chief Justice may not vote in any decision unless the Associate Justices have reached a tie vote.
Section 2: Up to four Alternate Justices shall be appointed via the same process used to appoint Associate Justices and the Chief Justice to serve in the event that up to two Justices must recuse themselves from a case.

Article IV:
Section 1: In the event of the death, removal from office, resignation, or temporary inability of the President to perform the duties incumbent upon him, the Lieutenant President shall assume the title of Acting President for the length of the temporary inability or for the remainder of the term. In the event of the inability of the Lieutenant President to assume the title of President, the Senior Vice President and External Affairs Officer shall assume the title of Acting President.
Section 2: The remaining line of succession for the title of President is as follows: The Speaker of the House; the President of the Senate; each Vice President in descending order of their Cabinet position’s establishment. In the event of the entire line of succession being unable to discharge the duties of President, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court shall serve as acting President and shall organize and conduct a special Election to re-establish the Government.
Section 3: In the event of the complete destruction of the capital of Sarzonia, the capital city of the least populous state shall serve as the capital and the government of that state shall serve as the interim executive government of Sarzonia until a new capital city can be constructed or voted upon by the People. In the event that city is destroyed, the capital of the next smallest state shall serve in the same capacity.
Section 4: In the event the Governor of the state wherin the reserve capital resides becomes acting President, he shall be responsible to call a special election to re-establish the executive and legislative branches of government as soon as practicable, but not later than six months from the time the national crisis has begun. The newly elected President and Parliament shall be responsible for appointing the new Supreme Judicial Court.

Article V:
Section 1: Sarzonia shall be divided into 25 States, with a National Capital that is a separate jurisdiction from any State.
Section 2: The Capital shall receive representation in Parliament as if it were a State, with two Senators and one Delegate per one million people population. The two Senators shall be appointed by the Mayor of the National Capital with approval by the City Council.

Article VI:
Section 1: Parliament shall make no law respecting an establishment of or furthering of any particular national religion nor prohibiting the free exercise thereof. Parliament also is expressly prohibited from denying or abridging the freedoms of speech and of the press or the ability of the people to assemble peacefully for a redress of grievances against the government.

Article VII:
Section 1: The right of the people to be secure in their persons, their papers, and their effects from unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be infringed.
Section 2: This article grants the people a right to privacy that may not be infringed without a properly-served warrant for arrest or without a preponderance of evidence to suggest that the person has committed a capital or otherwise infamous crime.

Article VIII:
Section 1: No person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous crime unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury unless in cases arising in the military forces when in service during a time of war. No person shall be subject for the same offense to be put in jeopardy of life or limb nor be compelled in a criminal case to be a witness against himself. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law. No private land shall be taken for public use without due compensation.

Article IX:
Section. 1. All persons born or naturalized in Sarzonia and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of Sarzonia and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law to abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of Sarzonia. In addition, no State shall deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

Article X:
Section 1: Full faith and credit shall be given in each State to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other State. And the Parliament may by general laws prescribe the manner in which such acts, records and proceedings shall be proven, and the effect thereof.
Section 2: A person charged in any state with treason, felony, or other crime, who shall flee from justice, and be found in another state, shall be extradited to the original state upon request of the executive authority of the original state.

Article XI:
Section 1: The right of citizens 18 years of age or older to vote in national and local elections in Sarzonia shall not be infringed.
Section 2: Any person or persons convicted of a capital or other infamous crime shall be ineligible to vote for the remainder of their lives as citizens of Sarzonia.

Article XII:
No law varying the compensation of any member of an elected government body shall take effect until an election of the members of the elected government body shall have intervened.

Article XIII:
Section 1: Discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, gender of birth or of reassignment, creed, national origin, sexual orientation, physical disability, or other protected class is expressly prohibited.
Section 2: Parliament shall have the authority to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Article XIV:
Section 1: The laws of the Incorporated States of Sarzonia shall be considered the supreme laws of the land. Any state or local laws that contradict those of the national government shall be considered null and void.
Section 2: Parliament shall have the authority to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Article XV:
Section 1: No person shall be eligible to hold elected local, state or national office in Sarzonia who has supported insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. [No such person shall be eligible to hold voting rights in such elections.] But Parliament may by a vote of two-thirds of each House restore the eligibility to do so.
Section 2: The validity of the public debt of Sarzonia, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither Sarzonia nor any state shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against Sarzonia, but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void.
Section 3: The first Section of this Article is not applicable to any citizens of any State who shall have supported Sarzonia in insurrection or rebellion against the same. It is also not applicable to any citizens who have not reached eighteen years of age by the conclusion of insurrection or rebellion.

Article XVI:
Parliament may not grant any title of nobility and no citizen may accept such title from a foreign government or jurisdiction therein without the consent of Parliament and the President.

Article XVII:
Section 1: During a period of declared national emergency including war, impending economic collapse, or other urgent situation, the President shall have the authority to suspend this Constitution until such time as the state of emergency shall have passed.
Section 2: Upon the signing and ratification of any treaty ending war, period of documented economic recovery, or conclusion of urgent situation, the Constitution shall be fully restored to its peacetime status as the supreme law of the land.

Article XVIII:
Section 1: English shall be the official language of government and conduct of business functions throughout Sarzonia.
Section 2: This article shall not be construed as to limit the language of choice for the people in their daily lives or in their family interactions.

Article XIX
Section 1: Effective at the beginning of the fiscal year following the Ratification of this Article, the office of Senior Vice President for Internal Affairs shall henceforth be known as the office of Lieutenant President.
Section 2: The Lieutenant President shall serve as Presiding Officer of the Cabinet during official Absences by the President and during non-urgent Situations, as defined by Parliament in acts approved as a result of the Ratification of this Article. Unless otherwise specified by the President, the Lieutenant President shall have the full Authority to sign Legislation, represent the office of the President, or perform other actions except for declarations of War. The Lieutenant President shall serve as acting Head of State during such times following the Death, Removal From Office, or Resignation of the President.
Section 3: This Article shall become Inoperative within seven Years should it not be Ratified by the People by Majority Vote.

Article XX
The inhabitants of Sarzonia are entitled to the Common Law of the United States of America and of England, and the trial by Jury, according to the course of that Law, and to the benefit of such of the English statutes as were extant on the Fourth day of July, seventeen hundred and seventy-six; to the benefit of such of the American statutes as were extant on the twenty second day of March, two thousand and four; and which, by experience, have been found applicable to their state, local, and other circumstances, and have been introduced, used and practiced by the Courts of Law or Equity; and also of all Acts of Assembly in force on the twenty second day of March, two thousand and four; except such as may have since expired, or may be inconsistent with the provisions of this Constitution; subject, nevertheless, to the revision of, and amendment or repeal by, Parliament.

Sarzonian Wartime Powers Act (inspiration for Halberdgardian act of the same name)

OOC: Again, thanks to Sarz for letting me copy his hard work.

Article I
The name of this Act shall be the WARTIME POWERS ACT.

Article II
Upon the formal declaration of war on the part of the Incorporated States in a manner prescribed by the Constitution (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showthread.php?t=330340) thereof, the President shall have power to invoke the powers pursuant to this Act for the duration of such state of war.

Article III
The powers granted to the President upon invocation of this Act shall include, but not remain limited to: The suspension of the right to assembly and redress of grievances against the government; the right to maintain private property in the event of a request for the use of such property for the prosecution of war; the suspension of the right to freedom of speech; the suspension of protections against the writ of habeus corpus; the rights under Article VIII of the Constitution shall also be suspended in cases of formal declaration of war or extreme national emergency.

Article IV
The President shall have authority, upon consultation with Parliament, to invoke the terms of this Act in the event of a formal declaration of war enacted by a foreign Power even in the event Parliament does not vote accordingly. Such powers may remain in effect for one calendar year or until the cessation of hostilities, whichever comes first. In the event of prolonged hostilities, the President must ask Parliament for a full review of the terms of this Act for its continuance provided that it has failed to officially declare war.

Article V
These same powers shall be available to the President, either in whole or in part, during documented cases of emergency, such as acts of God or other similar Acts.

Article VI
SECTION 1: Upon ratification of Treaty, formal cessation of hostilities by both parties, or when it has been determined that any grave Danger to the Incorporated States no longer exists, the President shall restore the full rights and priviledges granted under the Constitution to the People.

SECTION 2: In the event the President does not within 72 hours restore the Powers granted to the People in the Constitution, Parliament shall have the authority to issue a postwar repeal the Wartime Powers Act by a two-thirds vote of both Houses. Such Repeal shall only take effect for the formal cessation of hostilities or conclusion of the specific national emergency and shall not result in a permanent abolishment of this Act unless Parliament shall by further legislation so choose.

[OOC: Some of it is repeated in Article XVII, but this is written long before I came up with Article XVII. I also included limitations that require the President to restore the Constitution and all rights to the people once the war has ended or the national emergency has passed and included a means by which Parliament can forcibly restore prewar conditions.]

The Expansionist Doctrine

[OOC: Thanks to Credonia for allowing me to adopt his doctrine as my own.]

With the understanding that there are nations who actively threaten, harm, and attack others for the sole purpose of expanding its territorial borders for economic, political, and/or military gains, Halberdgardia reaffirms its pledge to the international community to engage in no such immoral and illegal practices.

Because of Halberdgardia's growing interests and following suit with the actions taken within the nations of Saharistan, Rovonia, and Algeristan, leading to the Halberdgardia annexation of part of those nations' territory after legally invading for justifiable reasons, it shall be the policy of the Kanos administration and this government that any nation that finds itself being invaded by Halberdgardian forces for completely justifiable reasons, runs the risk of Halberdgardian annexation of all or part of that nation's territory. Halberdgardia shall retain the right to annex any nation that it finds itself at war with should the cause of war be unequivocally justifiable to the international community. The decision to annex all or part of an enemy nation rests with the President of the Democratic Imperium of Halberdgardia (or an approved designee) and must be approved by the Halberdgardian Congress with a simple majority vote. Should Congress fail to accept the territory as official property and territory of the Democratic Imperium of Halberdgardia, the President may order Halberdgardian troops to remain within that territory for an unmolested and indefinite period of time.

The Jefferson Doctrine

[OOC: Thanks to Credonia for allowing me to adopt his doctrine as my own.]

The world is an ever-changing place with threats emerging with every change. We have seen the emergence of terrorism, fascism and Naziism, slavery and slave trade, and chemical, biological and nuclear weapons proliferation. We are now starting to see an emergence of foreign insurgency, rebels within nations striving to change for the better, nations who have the potential to play a large positive role in international affairs, however, their path to greatness is being hindered by the acts of insurgents within their nation to see to it that their own ends are met and not the ends and demands of the people.

Halberdgardia, a protector of life, liberty, justice, human rights, civil rights, and civil liberties has a duty and obligation to every nation on the face of the Earth to protect those fundamental and God-given rights and to ensure that every nation on Earth may prosper and grow peacefully. Because to these obligations, I shall make it the national policy of the Democratic Imperium of Halberdgardia to protect all nations who request our help from rebels, insurgents, and freedom fighters who wish to bring down or hinder the efforts of peaceful and prosperous nations. This nation will do everything in its power to assist the governments of such nations with every asset we have both, military and economic. So it shall be written, so it shall be done.

Signed,
Kir Kanos
President and Commander-in-Chief
The Democratic Imperium of Halberdgardia

Generic Treaty -- Terms of Alliance

[OOC: Thanks to The Macabees for allowing me to use his alliance format and terms.]

[Treaty of (insert location here)]
Alliance between Halberdgardia and (nation name)

[Article I:]
Both parties agree to host dual embassies in each other's countries. Both embassies are to follow the diplomatic laws encoded by this treaty, as outlined in Article II. These embassies are to be considered national territory of the owner of the embassy, and any attack on said embassy will be considered an act of war.

[Article II:]
The laws on embassies encoded by this treaty are as follows:


The amount of armed guards, including professional soldiers, are to be from zero to one-hundred men, with whatever arms thought necessary by the client nation.
Five soft-skinned combat vehicles are allowed, including armored personnel carriers and infantry fighting vehicles. A single tough-skinned vehicle is allowed, including a main battle tank.
The flag of the client nation is to fly no matter what reason, including policy towards certain political groups inside the host nation. It is national territory of the client nation, and thus they have the right to any flag.


[Article III:]
Both nations are to be aligned not only with a diplomatic allegiance, including moral support, but through a treaty of non-aggression; if either party is to undertake any hostile action against the other, the alliance and all its terms are to be considered null and void. Moreover, should a third party threaten either nation, the other nation not affected by the third nation should not align itself with the third nation, even if an alliance exists between the two parties. Instead, it should be aligned with the ally specified by this treaty, or remain neutral in any conflict which may arise.

[Article IV:]
Upon the ratification of this treaty, both nations agree to a full military pact. Both nations are obliged to offer some form of military aid if a scenario develops in which one of the signatories of this treaty is attacked by a third-party nation. If the party is allied to the third-party nation, Article III applies.

[Article V:]
This treaty does not allow the free construction of military bases. In order to fulfill the request for a base, a separate treaty must be drawn by either party. Noncompliance with this will result in a denial of building privileges.

[Conclusions:]
This treaty shall be immediately put into effect upon the confirmation of (nation name).

Pale Rider Arms Creative Weapons Division -- Pulmonary Lipid Clot Virus

Pulmonary Lipid Clot Virus

A two pronged virus. It causes the stomach to produce higher acid levels, thereby digesting foods faster. This causes the victim to ingest greater quantities of food. Absorbtion of lipids into the bloodstream is facilitated, and all fats and other lipids ingested are caused to cement themselves within the Aorta and Ventricles of the heart. Death occurs after next meal. Death usually occurs via heart attack, or cell-death.

This virus is not highly contagious, but can be transferred. It is best used for assasinations, as the virus breaks down quickly after the host has died. Leaves no traces.

Pale Rider Arms Creative Weapons Division -- Beta-Anthrax

Beta-Anthrax

http://niah.naro.affrc.go.jp/disease/anthrax/images/anthrax-2_00.jpg

A modified, weaponized form of bacillus anthracis, Beta Anthrax is a lethal, aerosolized form of standard Anthax. Capable of lingering for years and still maintaining its lethality, Beta-Anthrax is an excellent choice for area denial. Pale Rider Arms bio-techs have also added an unparralled level of resistance to antibiotics to all strains of Beta Anthrax.

Beta-Anthrax is contracted by coming into contact with the bacterium's spores. This can cause three forms of the disease:

Cutaneous: Contact with skin. Onset time of 16 hours. Causes lesions, which rapidly spread and cover the body. 65% fatality untreated, rarely lethal if treated properly.

Inhalation: Contact with respiratory tract. Onset time of 2 days. Initially similar to a cold, causes lesions in respiratory tract, respiratory arrest, and death. 99% fatal untreated, 75% fatal treated.

Intestinal: Consumption of contaminated food. Onset time of 2 days. Nausea, vomiting, stomach ulcers, death. 99% fatal untreated, 35% fatal treated.

Pale Rider Arms Creative Weapons Division -- AeroClot



AeroClot

Originally a inhaled coagulant for combat personnel, AeroClot was discovered to cause heart attacks and brain aneurisms when too much was taken. Now, in addition to its original use, AeroClot is a potent chemical weapon. Thickening the blood, it causes clots to form, which lodge in the narrow arteries of the brain, and cause the heart to overwork and destroy itself. The lungs also become a solid bloodclot, causing respiratory failure as well. Death occurs within 60 seconds.

The gas is slightly heavy, and will not rise more than ten meters above the ground, compromising its use slightly in urban areas. One dose will cover an area approximately 100 meters in radius, ten meters into the air.

Pale Rider Arms Creative Weapons Division -- Carcerands



Carcerands

http://siggy.chem.ucla.edu/VOH/30C/Cram_carcerand_benzyne_files/image004.png

A break-through in nano-scale medicine, carcerands are nano-capsules that are "programmed" to open under preordained conditions, releasing their cargo. The capsules can hold nearly anything, from medicine molecules to virii, to other chemical weapons. These capsules are injected into (or inhaled or swallowed by) a living host, and can be used to deliver their package to specific locations, allowing precision delivery of medicines, or creating a remotely detonated walking viral bomb.

Pale Rider Arms Creative Weapons Division -- Super-Flu

Super-Flu

Influenza: one of the most common diseases on the planet, and one of the most deadly. Every year, the flu kills 36,000 in the United States alone. And yet the flu is often ignored by the population at large. This presents an excellent opening for biological attack, as diseases that can masquerade as the flu can, at least for a short period, evade detection, and thus prevention.

This is why the Superflu was developed. For the first day of active infection, Superflu acts as a normal flu, causing a fever, head-ache, diarrhea, vomiting and a host of other symptoms. After this first day, the symptoms begin to worsen. The headache and fever begin to cause dementia, ingesting food or water becomes impossible, fevers rise to over 110 degrees, and cranial pressure rises. This can lead to rather startling demises, including cranial detonation due to excessive pressure. Death rate is 100%.

Pale Rider Arms Creative Weapons Division -- Corromis

Gas masks got you down? NBC suits ruining your perfectly timed chemical attacks? Then try PRA's guaranteed anti-countermeasure gas, Corromis!

Composed of a variety of chemicals, each designed to counter a specific filtration system. Corromis will violently react with activated charcoal, creating dangerous fumes in the process. It will flood filters with small particles, requiring removal of the filter before the wearer suffocates. Corromis also corrodes rubber, breaking seals in NBC suits and rendering them useless.

Coverage: 1 sq. km/dose

Pale Rider Arms Creative Weapons Division -- BZ Hallucinogenic Gas

BZ Gas

The code-name of 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate, BZ is a potent non-lethal hallucinogen and intoxicant. With an onset time of approximately 15 minutes, the colorless, odorless BZ gas is excellent for use prior to an attack, or to cause wide-spread panic and confusion.

BZ causes vivid hallucinations and illusions (misidentifying objects/persons), quite different from the fuzzy hallucinations produced by such narcotics as LSD in that the hallucinations from BZ are clear-cut, and seem entirely real. These symptoms alone can produce severe amounts of friendly fire. Other symptoms include lack of fine muscle control, short attention span, disorientation, slurred speech, poor judgement, and altered levels of consciousness.

Coverage: 1 sq km/dose

Sarzonian Incorporated Ordnance Company -- Z-35 "Landshark" IFV



Background: As the Incorporated Sarzonian Army looks to continue its reforms in an effort to improve the Army to become one of the world's most effective fighting forces, Army officials have contacted the Incorporated Ordnance Company to design an Infantry Fighting Vehicle to transport troops safely and effectively. In addition, its armament is intended to support tanks and artillery pieces in a general attack.

The Z-35 'Landshark' IFV variant, code named 'Groundhog' and given the designation Z-36, fits the bill for the ISA. Armed with a 120 mm cannon that combines the features of conventional artillery and guided weapons, the Groundhog is capable of providing excellent fire support for the ISA or other allied army units. The autoloader is designed for rapid fire delivery within the entire range of minus-20 degrees to plus-55 degrees. An automatic fire control system allows for both gun and missile launches from its 120 mm cannon capable of firing high explosive shells along with guided missiles. The system includes a ID22 Laser Range finder, ballistic data computer, day/night gunner's sights including a OU-9 Searchlight, PPB-4 Gunner's Monocular Periscope Sight, and Day/Night Vision Device.

Other armaments include a 7.62 mm/62 cal. machine gun, anti-tank grenade and missile complex, a 30 mm automatic gun. However, like the 'Landshark,' its main purpose is delivering troops to the battle lines. It carries room for seven troops, the same number as the BMP-3, but greater room to carry its own and the soldiers' weapons. Its engine and off road capabilities are equivalent to those of the 'Landshark.' Its protection scheme is a combination of amorphous steel and aluminum, along with enhanced ERA along a frame built for additional stability and survivability.

Specifications
Length: 7.05 m
Height: 3.65 m
Width: 3.3 m
Weight: 19,600 kg
Vehicle Type: 8 x 8, armoured, amphibious
Engine: Windham & Green high performance diesel-electric hybrid, 625 hp.
Performance: 100 km/hr (road); 55 km/hr (off-road); 10 km/hr (Afloat)
Fuel Endurance: 725 km (road); 525 km (off-road) 11 hours (afloat)
Protection: RHA values: Turret: 510 mm; Front: 310 mm; Sides: 170 mm; Rear: 105 mm.
Complement: 3 crew plus 7 soldiers
Armament: One 120 mm cannon; 30 mm automatic gun; one 7.62/62 cal machine gun; anti-tank missiles and grenade launchers.

Imperial Praetonian Ordnance -- L-82 "Hussar" Advanced Strike Fighter (Halberdgardian designation of F-175 "Defender" Advanced Strike Fighter)

L-82 Hussar Advanced Strike Fighter

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/HussarASF.png

History

Until now, Praetonia has not had any ambition to design an indigenous Strike Fighter with which to equip her armed forces, instead purchasing foreign designs, notably those of Sarzonia and produced by the Avalon Aerospace Corporation. Concern had been growing, however, as to the suitability of these aircraft should they be forced to come up against next generation air superiority fighters of potential rivals. These concerns were brought to a head when squadrons of Sarzonian fighters were wiped out wholesale to no loss by Doomingslandi fighters in the Inkanan Civil War. Although other factors were most likely at work, the aircraft must have been a factor and so a Parliamentary Commission was set up to decide upon the future of the Imperial Flying Corps's aircraft. Several options were considered, including choosing a new foreign aircraft (possibly a new Sarzonian model). In the end, however, it was decided to commission the construction of a Praetonian fighter and the Hussar was born.

Design Characteristics and Manoeuvrability

In keeping with the need to provide a highly advanced and versatile craft, the Hussar is a switchblade aircraft. This allows the aircraft to sweep its wings back, keeping them extended outwards increasing the leading edge and therefore drag, slowing down the aircraft for precision bombing and low-flying.

If it becomes necessary for the pilot to engage with enemy fighters, he need only switch the wings to a forward-swept position and the aircraft will become highly manoeuvrable. With wings forward-swept an aircraft enters a highly unstable state which is perfect for fast and complex manoeuvres. The aircraft itself is kept stable by complex computer adjustments to the canards and other control surfaces - a feat which is not possible with a human pilot assuming total control.

Should it then become necessary for the aircraft to vacate the area at high speed, then the pilot will bring the wings into a fully forward swept position. The wings will then have formed a perfect Delta configuration, enabling the aircraft to travel at extremely high speeds with none of the instability of the forward-swept position.

The actual implementation of this is, however, somewhat different. Instead of three absolute positions, the aircraft's computer is constantly adjusting the state of the wings to assume the optimum position for the plane's mode of flight at any particular time. When flying in formation, Hussars equipped with HCI (Hussar Computer Integration) will attempt to assume similar wing positions. The Hussar, due to its wing form, can achieve a very low minimum speed, a very high maximum speed and very high levels of manoeuvrability depending on the tactical need.

Propulsion

A major factor in the design of the Hussar was that of making the craft fast enough and manoeuvrable enough to compete with foreign aircraft. The decision was made not to install expensive and inefficient pulse detonation engines, going instead with two Ultra Heavy Duty Turbofans with afterburners, each developing 45,000lbs of thrust for a total of 90,000lbs. Both engines have full 3D thrust vectoring capability allowing all variants of the craft to perform both complex aerobatic manoeuvres and to operate as VTOL craft where absolutely necessary. It should be noted, however, that this is somewhat inefficient.

The engines can achieve a maximum speed of Mach 3.0 at altitude when deployed into a delta wing pattern and a minimum speed of 120mph when the wings are swept fully back so that they are perpendicular to the fuselage. The aeroplane can attain a supercruise of Mach 2.3 when deployed into a delta, although the general cruise speed is usually kept down to 1.7 for the sake of fuel efficiency. Both engines are equipped with integrated automatic fire suppression equipment, and the aircraft is able to remain in the air with only one functional engine.

Armament
The Hussar is equipped with a variety of gun and missile armaments, and is also capable of carrying anti-ship missiles, bombs, cluster munitions, chemical and biological weapons’ dispersal equipment, nuclear weapons, anti-radiation missiles and stand-off anti tank weapons. The aircraft is designed to be able to be equipped to take on almost any foe in the air or on the ground.

35mm ETC Chaincannon

The gun armament of the Hussar consists of a single 35mm ETC Chaincannon. The weapon can fire HE or APFSDS rounds at a rate of 1,800rpm at velocities and accuracy far in excess of that of conventional weapons of a similar type. The weapon is linked to the plane’s main computer, allowing the computer to make small adjustments to the plane’s speed and position in order to get a better aim on a pilot-specified target.

The cannon is designed primarily for use in aerial dog-fighting, but it can also be used in strafing attacks against enemy infantry, buildings, artillery and armoured vehicles. The plane carries a total of 800 rounds which reach the gun by means of a duel feed system. This allows the plane to carry and quickly switch between two different types of ammunition, and allows the gun to continue firing despite jams in some parts of the gun.

Asteroid Extra Long Range Air-to-Air Missile
4 dedicated internal bay slots

The Asteroid ELRAAM missile was designed specifically for use with the Hussar, replacing ageing Praetonian missiles. The weapon is equipped with a RAMjet, enabling it to reach mach 6 at standard aerial combat altitudes. The weapon is primarily guided by a radar feed from the firing plane, but terminal guidance is provided by an high-resolution IR imager. The missile is, therefore, impossible to detect at any considerable range, and is extremely hard to spoof.

As a Long Range Air-to-Air Missile, the weapon has an approximate range of 105 nautical miles at standard aerial combat altitudes. The Hussar can carry 4 such missiles in its internal bays alongside other weapons, a further four in the place of the 8 Short Range Air-to-Air Missiles and a further 2 in place of ordnance on the two wing light strike pylons. Each missile costs $650,000.

Comet Short Range Air-to-Air Missile
8 dedicated internal bay slots

The Comet SRAAM missile was specifically designed for use with the Hussar Strike Fighter. Like its sister missile the Asteroid, the SRAAM is also equipped with a RAMjet, although the speed is toned down to a mere mach 4 – still enough to outpace any aircraft at combat altitudes. The missile is guided primarily by the high resolution IR imager, but at longer ranges this is used as terminal guidance and primary guidance is provided by radar feed.

As a short range missile, the weapon has an approximate range of 20 nautical miles at standard aerial combat altitudes. The Hussar can carry 8 such missiles in dedicated bay slots, a further 8 missiles in place of the Asteroid LRAAMs and a further 4 missiles in place of strike ordnance on the wing light strike pylons. Each missile costs $350,000.

Light Strike Ordnance
4 dedicated wing pylons

4 pylons on the planes’ wings are set aside for light strike ordnance. These can carry 250lbs bombs, light AShMs such as the Praetonian Tiger, cluster munitions or stand off ATGMs. These pylons can also be used to carry additional external fuel tanks or can be left unused to improve stealth. These are designed mainly for carrying light ordnance not worth a full strike pylon, but which either cannot or is not carried in the internal bays.

Strike Ordnance
2 dedicated wing pylons

The Hussar is equipped with two external wing pylons design specifically to carry heavy ordnance such as large bombs (1,000 – 2,000lbs), fuel air bombs and anti-ship missiles such as the Praetonian Lance. These provide the primary strike capability of the Hussar. The pylons can be left empty to improve stealth, or can be used to carry numerous anti-air missiles or light strike ordnance.

Defences and Armour

The Hussar’s armour is designed to be lightweight and protect mainly against shell splinters and shrapnel, although some special protection is given to the engine, ordnance bays and pilot. The primary armour is the skin of the aircraft itself. The aircraft is built on a strong honeycombed titanium frame, which is overlaid with a layer of Kevlar to protect against small arms and small splinters.

The cockpit, ordnance bays (including the cannon) and engine are encased in redundant titanium shells, designed to stop any (already slowed and blunted) cannon rounds or splinters which penetrate the outer armour from entering vital areas of the aircraft and damaging vital systems, or killing the pilot.

As well as ‘hard’ defences, the aircraft is also equipped with soft defences. The Comet SRAAM can be used as an anti-missile missile, although this is not terribly efficient and is only used as a last resort. The aircraft is equipped with next generation flares designed to present a very similar IR signature to the aircraft itself, giving the flares a much greater chance of fooling the latest high resolution thermal imagers. The aircraft is also equipped with chaff.

Exhaust from the engine is piped along the inside of the aircraft and expelled at several points around the bodywork, presenting “hot spots” of IR to attempt to confuse a heat seeking missile, or at least to draw it away from the engine resulting in damage that is not as likely to be fatal. Both these openings and the engine itself are equipped with flash suppressors and IR filters to try to reduce the IR signature of the aircraft.

The fuel tanks (external and internal) are self sealing and fuel injection to either engine can be disengaged to attempt to stem the spread of a fire that has broken out. The pilot is equipped with an ejector seat, which will come into effect automatically if the pilot passes out, rendering him a greater chance of survival.

The aircraft’s control surfaces are controlled by fibre optics (‘fly-by-light”) meaning that damage from EMP blasts will have less of an effect, and will not spread between systems so easily. The central computer is shielded to an extent, and is designed to be able to survive EMP provided the aircraft is a reasonable distance from the blast at least enough to return to its airfield / carrier, or to attempt an emergency landing on a grass field or suitably sized roadway.

Electronics and Systems

Active Radar Cancellation Neutralisation Initiative (ARCaNI)

ARCaNI was developed as an answer to aircraft equipped with Active Radar Cancellation. The system works using HCI (Hussar Computer Integration) and links all Hussar radar systems together. The system then instructs all Hussar radars to cycle radar frequency and intensity. Using one radar, a strobe effect will emerge due to the lag between the radar cycle and the ARC equipped plane adapting, but using more than one radar the ARC equipped aircraft will only be able to adapt to one frequency at once, and so when the Hussars share their radar data the enemy will be unable to hide. ARCaNI is highly classified.

Hussar Computer Integration (HCI)

Hussar Computer Integration allows all Hussars within a certain range to share radar, meteorological, navigation and targeting data amongst themselves and provides each plane with different tasks to optimise performance. This means that a reasonably sized group of Hussars can track and target a practically limitless number of enemy aircraft, and even allow planes whose radar or other systems have been disabled to continue to function at 100% effectiveness. HCI also allows the Hussar or Hussars to share data with fleets, ground stations, AWACs planes and early warning helicopters.

Hussar Advanced Radar - Phased (HARP)

Each individual HARP array is capable of tracking 25 targets at any one time, although using HCI this number can be made almost limitless. The system has a maximum range of approximately 375km at altitude in most weather conditions and in all directions. Radar data feeds directly into the aircraft’s weapon systems and HUD, allowing the pilot view the positions, relative velocities and target lock status of targets overlaid upon his visual cockpit view. The radar is capable of identifying targets from a pre-set database at 120km distant. The radar is capable of identifying head on missile threats to allow the computer, at the pilot’s command, to engage with the cannon.

Hussar Advanced Computer (HAC)

Each Hussar receives a mass of data from the pilot and its sensors which must all be processed and a lot of which must be passed on to other Hussars and Praetonian assets. Each Hussar is equipped with a computer capable of operating at 25ghz and supplemented by 5gb of memory. The system is capable of collating and processing all the data required to keep the aircraft in the air and fighting.

General Specifications

Name: L-82 Hussar Advanced Strike Fighter
Manufacturer: Imperial Praetonian Ordnance – Aviation
Maximum Speed: Mach 3.2 at combat altitude
Minimum Speed: 120kph
Armour / Construction: 12mm Kevlar, 10mm titanium honeycomb.
Armament: 1x 35mm nose mounted L35A5 ETC Chaincannon
4 ELRAAM bay slots
8 SRAAM bay slots
Total Bay: 1,750kg
4 Light Strike Pylons
2 Strike Pylons
Total Pylons: 6,000kg
Operational Radius: 1,200km
Loaded Weight: 29,573kg

Portland Iron Works Diplomacy-class executive yacht

[NOTE: Picture suggested by Southeastasia, added by me.]

Diplomacy-class executive yacht (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/Diplomacy-class_executive_yacht.jpg)
Dimensions: 146 m length; 47m width; 10.1 m draught
Range: 4,100 nm at 18 knots
Speed: 18 knots cruising; 23 knots maximum
Horsepower: 65,000 shp
Displacement: 25,355 tonnes full load
Armour: 16 cm composite armour scheme including 2.5 cm reinforced titanium; 1.3 cm ballistic ceramics; 6 cm aluminum alloy and 2.5 cm hardened steel.
Armament: Two retractable 20mm twin turreted AA guns, 6 anti-ship missiles, two retractable twin turreted 15" guns, and four ASW torpedoes.
Complement: 425 sailors and officers. Mess hall and cleaning staff included in the figure. Luxury accomodations for 50-65 guests.

Portland Iron Works Chieftain-class executive submarine

SPECIFICATIONS:
Chieftain-class executive submarine
Length: 75 m
Depth: 325 m
Displacment: 2,200 m
Speed: Surface maximum 18 knots; surface cruise 15 knots; submerged maximum 12 knots
Propulsion: Surface diesels 2 x 2500 hp; 2 shafts; Submerged Main electric motors 2 x 750 hp; vertical thrust 2 x 250 hp hydraulic; horizontal thrust 2 x 250 hp hydraulic
Surface range: 4,000+ nautical miles
Submerged endurance: At 12 knots, 8 hours; At 6 knots, 72 hours; at rest, 25 days maximum
Main oxygen: 30 days full; Reserve oxygen: 15 days. Main Air: 4000 psi in external tanks Air Compressor: 4500 psi, 200 HP Low Pressure Blower: 30 psi, 50 HP.
Crew complement: 12. Able to accomodate up to 24 guests.

The Chieftain-class is the first new civilian design by the Portland Iron Works since the Curie-class light medical vessel. It is another design that retains the soul of the Wilmington Shipyard Corporation though this design has heavy influence from the engineers of both.

The Chieftain comes equipped with two torpedo/missile launchers capable of launching the Silver torpedo. The ship can carry up to 12 Silver torpedoes as its sole armament or eight with an additional supply of anti-ship or anti-sub missiles. It is made of a titanium/steel composite hull able to survive an attack, with eight inches of armour protection at its narrowest point.

The Chieftain comes built for luxury with a master bedroom, a living room, five guest rooms, an office, and a conference room with video and phone conferencing capabilities. Included is a computer network linkup to satellite Internet servers that include the capability to access your country's computer networks at a click of a mouse. Each sleeping cabin comes standard with a 60 inch plasma tv and a workspace with one Apple G5 Computer with dual processors and cinema HD 30" screens and a 250 GB hard drives, with 8 GB RAM and high speed internet and TV reception.

Imperial Praetonian Ordnance Hoplite II - Phalanx Main Battle Tank (Halberdgardian designation of M-175 "Hammerblow" Main Battle Tank)

IPO-145 Hoplite II - Phalanx MBT

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Introduction and History

Following a string of largely unsuccessful tank designs, Imperial Praetonian Ordinance was contracted to design a new Main Battle Tank which would be able to defeat any other tank in the world with a reasonable success rate, and be able to destroy any real world MBT with little to no chance of a successful return strike. For the first time in Praetonian history, a truely world-class non-naval design has been produced - the Hoplite II - Phalanx MBT.

The vehicle itself bears little resemblence to the previous Hoplite I, with the primary and secondary armament, turret layout and armour scheme being changed, as well as a comprehensive new range of systems being added. According to IPO analysts, there is no tank design on the face of the earth which can simply brush a Phalanx aside, and precious little which can beat it.

Armament - Offensive

The offensive armament of the Phalanx is a single IPO 'Praesidium' 120mm ETC Cannon. The weapon is 56 calibres long, offering increased range and accuracy over contemporary weapons of a smaller calibre. As with all ETC guns, the 'Praesidium' ignites the propellent of a shell using a dot of plasma, which provides for a more efficient burn. The 'Praesidium' provides a 25% increase in muzzle velocity over a conventional gun, allowing a 120mm shell from the gun to be equal to a conventional gun of calibre 140mm or greater.

The 'Praesidium' goes one step further than its contemporaries, utilising Electro-Magnetic Rifling (EMR) to allow the smoothbore gun all the advantages of a rifled gun, such as increased range and accuracy, with none of the usual disadvantages such as reduced muzzle velocity for APFS rounds and increased barrel wear. It also allows the gun to fire the more simply made APFS rounds over the more complex APFSDS rounds. The system is not, however, required for the operation of the gun and can be disabled to save power. The gun can then fire APFSDS rounds from a reserve ammunition bin in the rear of the turret alongside the regular multitude of shell types.

The gun is also equipped with a power saving system, which converts some of the force of the recoil of the gun into electrical energy, thereby countering to some extent the power requirements of the EMR.

Although it is classified as a defensive weapon, the tank's fire control system is capable of linking the operation of the 'Praesidium' and the 20mm turret-mounted autocannon to defeat ERA blocs. The system can be configured to have the 20mm cannon fire a short burst of ammunition a second or less before the main gun fires. The 20mm rounds will not only detonate any ERA fixed to the tank, but will also render NxRA and Electric RA spent over the target area, and deform the outer layers of armour leading to greater penetrative effect when the primary shell hits.

The 'Praesidium' is equipped with a carosel auto-loader with 20 rounds. The gun can achieve a 'sprint' firign rate of 18 rounds / minute, although this will rapidly run down the battery if EMR is used, and cause the overheat. It will also prompt a higher instance of jamming in the autoloader. This mode of fire is, however, useful in a tight situation. The autoloader is capable of a sustained rate of fire of 12 rounds / minute, in line with autoloaders in service with other armies. The carosel system allows the gun to cycle between different types of shells in different positions on the carosel. A further 30 rounds are stored below the turret ring.

The tank is designed to support infantry in combined arms operations as well as take on enemy tanks, and so the vehicle is equipped with a bustle-mounted 81mm mortar with an autoloader. The mortar is capable of firing up to 15 rounds / minute either aimed by GPS co-ordinates called in by infantry, or relayed via a HQ.

Armament - Defensive

The primary defensive armament of the Phalanx is located in the cupola turret, which contains a 20mm autocannon and two 5.56mm chainguns. The gun can be controlled manually by the commander, or can be set to be controlled automatically by the tank in responce to threats picked up by the Phalanx's sensors. Varying levels of automation can also be set.

The 20mm cannon is equipped with a dual-feed system, allowing both KE penetrators and HE shells to be fired consecutively without need to replace the ammunition belt. The 20mm cannon is effective against infantry, emplaced positions and soft-skinned vehicles, as well as aircraft. The turret is linked closely to the tank's sensors and is capable of quickly intercepting incoming helicopters with the 20mm cannon and ATGWs and even shells with the twin 5.56mm chainguns, with varying degrees of success.

A 12.7mm heavy machinegun is mounted co-axial to the main gun. It is capable of challenging soft-skinned vehicles as well as infantry and low flying aircraft. The gun is equipped with 1,500 rounds of ammunition. Some thought has been given to the removal of this weapon, as the cupola turret can provide the same light-fire base.

In addition, the commander can cause the detonation of one or more specific ERA blocks to break up infantry swarms or held the tank break through a heavily defended infanty position. This is rarely advisable, but in an emergency it can save the tank from an overwhleming infantry attack.

Protection - Passive Defence Systems

In addition to the above described "tank-CIWS" system, the vehicle is equipped with a variety of passive defence systems. The camoflauge paint of the vehicle is of an industrially produced extremely dark matte, which absorbs much of the light emitted by enemy laser rangefinders, seriously depleting their effects at long range.

The vehicle is also equipped with 12 "smoke" grenades which project a thick cloud of particles into the surrounding environment. As well as obscuring the vehicle from visible sight, the particles will also refract and otherwise block or distort laser beams, rendering laser rangefinders useless against the vehicle whilst covered by the smokescreen. The vehicle can also produce smoke by injecting diesel into its exhaust manifolds.

In addition to this, the tank can be equipped (although is not as standard fit) with a significant array of electronics warfare equipment, including radar jamming, radio jamming and IR distruption equipment. The tank can also be fitted with 'noise-warfare' equipment which can cause significant distress to nearby infantry. Of course, using this is not a good idea in combined arms operations.

Protection - Armour

The Phalanx would not be complete without a powerful armour package, and IPO does not disappoint. The Phalanx is practically immune to HEAT warheads (not that anyone uses them anymore anyway) and is extremely resistance to APFSDS. The tank uses a layer armour scheme as follows:

Outermost layer - Momentum Transfer Armour (MTA). This layer fires a metal bar at an incoming projectile. It is primarily effective against KE. An APFSDS penetrator hit by said metal bar will be deformed, leading to a significant reduction in penetrative capability, and also knocked off course. If it then goes on to hit the armour, it will be at an angle, again reducing effectiveness.

2nd Layer - Explosive Reactive Armour (ERA). This layer consists of ERA of the Kontakt-5 variety. It is extremely effective against both HEAT warheads and (less effective) KE penetrators.

3rd Layer - Non-Explosive Reactive Armour (NxRA). This layer greatly reduces the effect of HEAT warheads. Its effects are significantly reduced against KE warheads.

4th Layer - Chobham with a tungsten honeycomb frame. One of the strongest armours known to man, chobham combined with a solid titanium honeycomb frame is extremely effective against all tpyes of warheads.

5th Layer - Ballistic Ceramics. Ballistic ceramics are extremely resistant to heat and kinetic energy, meaning that this layer will either stop or drastically reduce the effects of both HEAT metal jets and KE penetrators.

6th Layer - Depleted Uranium. Depleted Uranium is an extremely dense material, and abosrbs a great deal of kinetic energy in penetrating.

7th Layer - Ballistic Ceramics.

8th Layer - Chobham with a tungsten honeycomb frame.

9th Layer - Boronated polycarbons. This is both a stong layer in itself, and a radiation-absorbing layer.

10th Layer - Rubber and kevlar. This layer absorbs any spalling that may otherwise adversely affect the crew and systems.

The approximate RHA armour values are as follows:

Front: 2,050mm (KE) / 2850mm (HEAT)
Side: 1,000mm (KE) / 1,325mm (HEAT)
Rear: 610mm (KE) / 820mm (HEAT)

The armour is of the modular variety, with each individual section being easily replaceable in the event that only a partial penetration is achieved.The vehicle is also hardened against EMP, radiation and is fully sealed against chemical or biological attacks.

The Phalanx comes equipped with a Tank Roof (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/Hoplite_II_Phalanx_TankRoof.png) which can be attached and detatched as necessary. The tank roof is designed to prematuely detonate top-attack munitions, rendering them useless. It also provides significant protection from aerial attacks with guns or KE missiles. The tank roof features momentum transfer armour, ERA and NxRA, allowing it to stand up to munitions much heavier than its thickness suggests it could. The tank can also be fitted with skirts of a similar makeup along the sides and rear, as well as along the sides and rear of the turret.

In addition to exterior armour, the interior of the vehicle is partitioned so as to seperate the engine and fuel from the crew compartment, and the shells and charges are stored in armoured boxes below the turret ring for additional protection. The autoloader is also armoured to prevent a shell from detonating inside it.

The Phalanx is also designed to be able to retain functionality even if all electronic systems are knocked out. The autoloader is constructed to allow manual loading to take place if its electronics are disabled. The autoloader is also equipped with a manual shell ejection system to clear the barrel, and a small reserve battery to allow the autoloader to load the currently waiting shell and fire it, should power run out. The co-axial machinegun can be used for rangefinding, and the cupola turret also has a mechanical override.

Sensors

The Phalanx is equipped with a wide array of advanced sensors. Firstly, it is equipped with a milimetre band radar dome which scans for threats and possible aerial and land targets. It can also be used as a rangefinder where using a laser rangefinder is inappropriate. The radar can also be used to allow the cupola turret to automatically find and engage targets.

The Phalanx is equipped also with the obligatory laser rangefinder, as well as high-resolution thermal imagers all around the vehicle. This can be used to allow the tank to function even in an NBC environment, and also to feed to commander and his cupola turret with information on the location of nearby infantry.

The vehicle has high-resolution digital cameras dotted around the vehicle embedded in the armour. They are reasonably well protected from random small arms fire, althougha concerted effort to destroy them is very difficult the defend against. These cameras, which have both normal and night-sight modes, provide the crew with an all-round view of the battlefield.

In addition to these cameras, the Phalanx mounts a rotatable periscope-mounted conventional, nightsight and thermal camera which can be deployed when the vehicle is faced with obstacles. The camera can be withdrawn into an armoured control box on the right hand side of the turret bustle, providing it with relatively dependable protection from most threats when not deployed. The periscope-camera can also allow the vehicle to navigate whilst snorkling.

The Phalanx can deploy a teathered balloon from within the vehicle, which is stored in an armoured box outside. The balloon features a small radar anttena as well as a thermal imager and conventional camera. The balloon can be pulled back down using a motor inside the box and theoretically restored for a second use.

Also loaded onto the Phalanx as standard are a multitude of targetting detection systems including passive radar which will detect when the tank is being targetted and attempt to triangulate the position of the offending enemy vehicle. The turret can be configured to automatically home in on enemy targetting attempts and load a shell if the gun is not alreayd engaged in some other work.

Mobility

The Phalanx is powered by a 1850hp diesel-electric hybrid motor which can drive it at speeds up to a theoretical 32mph across country. The engine is much more fuel-efficient than gas-turbines used on tanks such as the US Abrams, and so gives the vehicle a much longer effective operational range. The vehicle can switch solely to battery power, which eliminates the sound of the engine.

The vehicle can deploy the electric motor to traverse a river without using a snorkle, although this is not recommended. Whilst using a snorkle, the diesel engine can achieve a theoretical maximum of 12mph whilst crossing a river up to 6m deep.

General Specifications:

Length: 9m (hull); 14m (inc. gun)
Width: 3.9m
Height: 2.60m (turret roof); 3m (cupola turret roof)
Ground Clearance: 0.5m
Combat Weight: 72,000kg
Crew: 3 (Commander / Gunner; Gunner; Driver)
Main Armament: 1x 120mm/64 'Praesidium' ETC Cannon with EM Rifling
Ammunition Stowage: 54 rounds
Secondary Armament: 1x 12.7mm machinegun (co-axial); 1x 20mm cannon (cupola turret); 2x 5.56mm machineguns (cupola turret); 1x 81mm mortar (turret bustle); 12x smoke grenade launchers
Ammunition Stowage: 1,500x 12.7mm rounds; 1,200x 20mm rounds; 5,000x 5.56mm rounds; 35x 81mm rounds
Engine: 1x IPO 'Jupiter' 1,850bhp diesel-electric hybrid
Theoretical Maximum Speed: 45mph (road); 32mph (cross-country); 12mph (snorkling)
Operational Range: 375 miles
Fording Depth: 2.5m (normal); 6m (snorkle)

Sarzonian Incorporated Ordnance Company Z-34 "Bonham" Main Battle Tank (Halberdgardian designation of M-150 "Viper" Main Battle Tank)

Z-34 Bonham Main Battle Tank

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/M-150_Viper.png

Background
The Z-34 Bonham has been designed to serve as the most advanced domestically produced main battle tank in existence today and has been conceived as a direct competitor with the ST-37 Mekhev main battle tank. While the ST-37 Mekhev has served the Incorporated Sarzonian Army well, Sarzonian army officials realised the logistical problems that employing three main battle tanks and chose the Incorporated Ordnance Company to create a successor design that would employ many of the best features of all three designs. Taking additional lessons from the Imperial Praetonian Ordnance’s Hoplite II Phalanx MBT and the Bonham’s predecessor (the Z-33 Jaguar), the Bonham provides the best of all possible worlds to the Incorporated Sarzonian Military. This design instantly assumes its place among the world’s best main battle tanks and one that will shepherd the Incorporated Sarzonian Army into a new era of success on the battlefield.

Armament
With several possible armament choices, from ETC guns to conventional weapons, engineers at Incorporated Ordnance Company debated the various strengths and drawbacks of each available weapon before ultimately deciding upon the 120 mm ETC gun. The decision to use the same size round employed by both the ST-37 and the IPO 145 is a deliberate effort to ease logistics for armoured battalions that operated both tanks. The Bonham employs the Mekhev’s Dynamic Gas Assist to increase range and speed over traditional ETC rounds and also reduce recoil and absorb the energy required to fire the weapon. In addition, Successive Fire Projectile Assist, used to provide an increased rate of fire for short bursts, has been adopted from the Mekhev. The weapon uses the lengthier 58 calibre employed by the Sarzonian-built Z-33 Jaguar MBT to provide additional range.

However, the secondary armament of the Bonham is what sets it apart from other MBTs. A IPO-built 60 mm autocannon has been installed in the cupola turret and is used in lieu of traditional ATGMs with an idea toward making it more difficult for enemy tanks to use “tank CIWS” to counter a ATGM. While the autocannon’s size causes it to have a slower rate of fire than the 30 mm autocannons often used against thinly-armoured or unarmoured units and infantry, it makes up for that lack of speed with greater killing power and better utility against armoured targets. The Bonham also operates a 70 mm mortar which is effective against fortified positions and armoured units and it retains the Jaguar’s successful FN BRG-15 machine gun. The DREAD centrifuge weapon has been retained for CIWS purposes and is considered a last-ditch weapon against missile fire.

The biggest innovation in Sarzonian armoured weaponry developed for the Bonham MBT, however, lies in the brand new Hyperius Kinetic Energy (KE) anti-armour missile. Positioned behind the turret in a twin box launcher, the Hyperius travels at speeds in excess of Mach 7 and has devastating penetration capabilities, highly advanced guidance, and can inflict tremendous damage to just about any tank currently in service. The Hyperius has the capability to penetrate 3,000 mm of RHA thanks partly to the specially designed box launcher that serves as a slingshot to allow the missile to remain a manageable size for operation on the Bonham.

Protection
The well conceived, highly versatile protection schemes employed by Imperial Praetonian Ordnance for the IPO 145 Hoplite II Phalanx made a favourable impression upon designers of the Bonham. As a result, the protection scheme borrows many of the best ideas from the Phalanx, though engineers chose to create a simplified armour scheme for greater ease in repair. Despite this effort at greater simplicity, the protection scheme employed by the Bonham is still one of the best designed and well protected such schemes extant today.

The first layer, of Momentum Transfer Armour (MTA), fires a metal bar at an incoming projectile and reduces the effectiveness of KE attacks by knocking such projectiles off course or forcing the weapon to hit the tank at an angle and blunting its impact. The second layer employs Non-Explosive Reactive Armour (NxRA) to reduce the effectiveness of HEAT rounds and is used instead of ERA to reduce the risk of casualties to friendly infantry. Bracing that layer is a Chobham armour scheme over a titanium honeycomb frame, providing effective protection against nearly all types of weapons. Ballistic ceramics make up the fourth layer and are effective against HEAT and KE rounds. A dense fifth layer of depleted uranium is an extremely dense material designed to absorb kinetic energy rounds. To protect against nuclear, biological, or chemical (NBC) weapons, the sixth and seventh layers have been designed to serve an anti-radiation role. Boronated polycarbons provide a sturdy round of protection and serve as an excellent first line of defence against radiation, while the seventh layer’s protections against spalling are made of rubber and spectra fibre, which is several times stronger than the kevlar employed by the Phalanx.

With the two main competitors to the Bonham, Soviet Bloc’s Mekhev adopting a non-modular armour scheme for greater strength, and Praetonia’s Phalanx’s modular scheme promoting ease of repair, the two approaches presented a dilemma to the Bonham’s designers. The Phalanx’s modular armour scheme permits greater ease of repair in the event of damage to the vehicle, but the Mekhev’s non-modular armour scheme removes some of the weaknesses of modular armour schemes. The Bonham’s engineers eventually chose to make the armour non-modular in an effort to promote greater survivability from a sturdier armour.

One of the greatest areas of concern for tank commanders is the need to protect tanks from anti-tank mines, and the Bonham is no exception. To ensure this protection, the Bonham’s engineers drew inspiration from the venerable Leopard 2A6 and have designed advanced generation vision systems to allow improved sighting of mines, and new plate under the tank floor allows the tank to survive a mine attack without injuring its crew members.

RHA values:
Front: 2,075 mm (KE)/2,975 mm (HEAT)
Sides: 1,025 mm (KE)/1,250 mm (HEAT)
Rear: 770 mm (KE)/980 mm (HEAT)
Top: 500 mm (KE)/675 mm (HEAT)

Electronics
Taking into account the advanced electronics of the Mekhev, the designers of the Bonham realized that their own product had to have an electronics suite that was advanced enough to make the tank a true equal. To accomplish this, a major upgrade of the Jaguar’s electronics suite wasn’t just a suggestion: It was a requirement. To accomplish this feat, the Bonham turned to the other forefather of this design, the Phalanx MBT for some inspiration.

The Bonham comes equipped with a PERI-Z A1 periscope from Windham & Green Defence Industries and ClaireOps Optronics Corporation. The PERI-Z A1 is a stabilized panoramic periscope sight designed for day/night operation and target identification and works seamlessly with the Next Generation Panorama battlefield survey and target acquisition software in the Bonham. It provides an all around view with a 360 degree traverse. Thermal imaging from infared sensors that work in the event millimetric wave radar is considered by the tank commander to be too great of a risk to be detected provide the thermal imaging for the onboard computer monitors. The image from the commander’s thermal sights can also be switched to the video image on the monitor used by the gunner.

The gunner’s station includes a new Panorama Defence Electronics Corporation quadruple magnification stablised primary sight with an integrated laser range finder and a ClareOps Optronics Corporation thermal sight linked to the fire control computer. The thermal sight uses a next generation CMT infared detector array cooled by a closed cycle engine. It is also fitted with a solid state laser range finder from ClaireOps that can provide up to five range values in four seconds. It then transmits the range data to the fire control computer and is used to calculate firing algorithms. The information is transmitted directly into the gunner’s primary sight, thus allowing the gunner to read the digital range measurement directly. The maximum range of the unit is 15,000 m and is accurate to within 10 m. The fire control computer also utilises a satellite linkup with GPS birds or army UAVs to ensure accuracy. The GPS software also integrates with advanced ADC mapping software to ensure accuracy.

Finally, the Bonham’s designers drew from the Phalanx’s bevy of auxiliary systems for the autoloading system employed by the Bonham. It is described by Windham & Green as a semi-automatic loading system. The system allows for quick conversion to manual loading in the event the computer systems are knocked out. A reserve battery also allows the autoloader to fire an actively loaded shell in the event the computer systems are knocked out.

Propulsion
The 2,100 hp Secretariat hybrid diesel-electric engine has been field tested on the Jaguar and served the Bonham’s predecessor well, so the same engine has been adopted. It has also surrounded with a thermal insulation that inhibits detection and reduces noise from the tank’s engines when they operate at full speed. The tank has been field tested to a maximum speed of 60 km/hr in road tests, though this speed is only recommended for short bursts in optimal conditions. The engine has been field tested in larger models so it can handle the added weight of the Bonham without a major loss in speed that might accompany a larger tank. A 500 hp inboard electric engine can provide emergency propulsion to get a Bonham out of a battle in the event the primary engine is knocked out. The Bonham’s top speed has been field tested at 10 km./hr. with this emergency engine powering it.

Specifications
Length: 9.6 metres (hull); 14.9 m (including gun facing forward)
Width: 4.4 metres
Height: 3.4 metres (cupola turret roof)
Weight: 78,700 kg
Ground Clearance: 0.7 m
Complement: Four (Commander; Gunner; Driver; Loader)
Primary Armament: 1 x 120 mm ETC gun with Dynamic Gas Assist and Successive Fire Projectile Assist.
Main Armament Storage: 40 x 120 mm rounds
Secondary Armaments: 1 x 60 mm autocannon; 1 x 70 mm mortar; 1 x FN BRG-15 machine gun (cupola turret); 1 x dual box Hyperius missile launcher; 2 z DREAD CIWS; 6 x smoke grenade launchers (two fore; two rear; two sides).
Secondary Armament Storage: 500 15 mm rounds; 450 60 mm rounds; 100 70 mm rounds; 6 Hyperius missiles
Propulsion: 1 x Windham & Green Secretariat turbo diesel-electric hybrid engine (2,100 hp)
Speed: 60 km/hr. (road); 35 km/hr. (cross-country); 5 km/hr. (snorkel)
Operational Range: 550 km

Kriegzimmer Praetorian II Mobile Surface-to-Air Missile Launcher

Praetorian II Mobile Surface to Air Missile Launcher

[Image: The image was drawn by myself, and colored by Ato-Sara.]

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The Praetorian II was the response to the growing problems concerning the Praetorian mobile surface to air missile launcher, including the fact that the Praetorian V missiles sometimes jammed within the small tubes, and that regardless of the sold range, the missile didn't have that range, which was likely because the launchers were extremely small, constricting the original size of the missile. Furthermore, there were problems with the fact that the barrels of the Praetorian launcher could simply not stand the head of sustained fire from the missiles, cuasing them to be needing replacements after every two launching sequences. As a consequence, the Praetorian mobile launcher was just too expensive to keep in combat for sustained periods of time. Indeed, the cost of putting these into combat around Aurillac and Mosnoi Bor during the War of Golden Succession was immense, eclipsing the cost of operating the early aerial formations.

The Praetorian II, unlike the original design, is not a self powered vehicle, but instead relies on an Ebro Type 23 truck. The truck has a six hundred horse power engine with a two stick transmission designed to maximize par and minimize horsepower when in the context of acceleration, meaning the truck is designed to tow, not to move quickly. The first stick has five gears, which are directly controlled by the second stick with three groups, giving the truck a total of fifteen gears. The first group maximizes torque [par], while the second group is designed for more acceleration if there is a need, and the third group is for reverse. The steering application is done through hydraulics and the braking is done by wire, although the brake itself is divided into two, allowing the driver to apply the brake one tire, depending on the direction of the turn, consequently the truck can make wider turns.

Before the Praetorian launcher, the box guards the computer application which is the fire and control system, as well as the central nervous system for the Engagement Control Station. The computer also localizes a phased array radar, which works on multiple bandwidths, and is very difficult to jam. Indeed, the PAC-3 system's radar has been deemed one of the most difficult, and considering that the radar on the Praetorian is more advance than that on the PAC-3, it can be deducted that the Praetorian's radar is, indeed, very difficult to jam.

Praetorian II mostly work in packs, with a single command truck commanding up to one hundred batteries over a range of over one hundred kilometers. The command truck includes a Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, which houses and leads the information and coordination central, that controls air traffic locations during an air battle sending information to higher echelons and subordinate groups, Communications relay groups, antenna mast groups, Trailer mounted electric power units, and guided missile transporters.

The fire and control system present on the Praetorian II, dubbed 'Brass', is the new top notch of said systems, developed by General Dynamics (Canada) and expanded upon by the Empire's own engineers. It includes Multi-Role Sensor Suite, Multi-Sensor Integration, Integrated Sensor/TA Suite, Virtual Immersive, Environment (AVTB), Neuroholographic ATD/R, Immersive Visualization. Moreover, the new system has both a low altitude RADAR and LIDAR system which has capabilities of tracking and giving firing solutions for up to twenty different targets at up to four thousand meters for the LIDAR and up to eleven thousand meters for the RADAR (although, of course, a gun doesn't necessarily have the power nor the type of shell to reach that far, and of course, that doesn't mean that the area between you and the enemy tank if full of large rocks that can disrupt your shell and its vector). The LIDAR uses a gaussian transmitter, which is right now the most advanced LIDAR transmitter developed by the United States. Of course, this fire and control system also uses thermal imaging, and of course, infra-red imaging. The Praetorian II's computer also feeds transmissions from grounded, and larger, RADAR arrays, on land, air and sea, giving it wider and more accurate coverage.

The launcher can launch eight Praetorians within a time set of fifteen seconds. It can thus be reloaded within forty-five minutes, depending on the logistical capabilities of the nation using the equipment. To take the heat of multiple launch sequences the launcher is lined internally with a cap of RENE N6, a Nickel based aluminum superalloy which has been tested time and time again to have high heat resistivity and the additional resistance to hydrogen enviroment embrittlement, caused by high heat. The launcher must be maintained after every twenty launch sequences, but doesn't necessarilly have to be replaced.

The Praetorian missile, technically the Praetorian VI, has just reverted to the original name of merely the Praetorian surface to air missile. The missile has been changed to be exactly the same missile as used in fixed batteries in order to improve logistics capabilities of the Praetorian batteries, wether fixed or mobile. The missile uses a fully capable RAMjet, which works at lower altitudes than the SCRAMjet, but still uses a temporary rocket booster. The missile has the capability of hitting Mach 1.2 within ten seconds after launch, and Mach 2 after twenty seconds of launch. It's counter-thrust nozzle vectoring gives it superior manuevaribility. It's said the PAC-3 can out manuever any aircraft and most missiles; imagine the Praetorian.

The Praetorian II mobile launcher is to become the mainstay surface to air missile battery used within the Empire for at least the next thirty years, further improvements nonwithstanding. It's deemed a very large improvement over the past design, the Praetorian MSAM, and one of the best regarding international armaments.

Statistics:
Truck: Ebro Type 23 [Heavy Logistics]
Engine: 600 bhp biodiesel
Maximum Velocity: 60 kph
Range: 405 kilometers
Length: 13.5 meters
Width: 3.7 meters
Angle of Turn: seventy-six degrees [if a full turn would be ninety degrees]
Sensor Systems:
Engagement Control Station
Headquarters and Headquarters Battery
Information and Coordination Central
Communications Relay Groups
Antenna Masts Groups
Trailer Mounted Electric Power Units
Missile Powerplant: Hydrogen enjection/RAMjet/Rocket Engine
Missile Range: 350 kilometers
Missile Length: 5.6 meters
Missile Weight: 376 kilograms
Warhead: 75 kilogram high explosive/CAPMES secondary warhead [disposable metalstorm canister]

Generic Terms of Embassy Exchange

To: [insert name of office of embassy exchange here]
From: The Office of Kenix Kil, Secretary of State, the Democratic Imperium of Halberdgardia
Re: Embassy Exchange

[insert greeting message]

Should you accept, you will be provided with a modern embassy facility with top-of-the-line amenities in the Diplomatic Quarter of our capitol, Washington, D.C. Our regulations on foreign embassies are as follows:

Both embassies are to follow the diplomatic laws enumerated below. These embassies are to be considered national territory of the owner of the embassy, and any attack on said embassy will be considered an act of war.
The laws on embassies encoded by this treaty are as follows:

The amount of armed guards, including professional soldiers, are to be from zero to fifty men, with whatever arms thought necessary by the client nation, excluding, but not limited to, high explosives and high-explosive devices such as RPGs, anti-tank, and anti-aircraft munitions.
Five soft-skinned combat vehicles are allowed, including armored personnel carriers and infantry fighting vehicles.
The flag of the client nation is to fly no matter what reason, including policy towards certain political groups inside the host nation. It is national territory of the client nation, and thus they have the right to any flag.

We hope you find these terms acceptable. We would like to submit for our own embassy in your own nation:

1 Ambassador
35 Ambassadorial Aides/Staff
30 Halberdgardian Marines (armed with M-8 and M-29 rifles and fragmentation, flashbang, and smoke grenades)
5 MMPWV LV-08 Armored Trucks (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9485614&postcount=53)
5 Z-39 CICVs (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9471736&postcount=48)
5 UH-60 Blackhawks (armed with dual 7.62mm miniguns, mounted one on either door rail)

We look forward to exchanging embassies with you, and further relations.

Respectfully,
The Office of Kenix Kil
Secretary of State
The Democratic Imperium of Halberdgardia

Pale Rider Arms Creative Weapons Division -- PhosphoRush

PhosphoRush

Designed to eliminate enemy troops and vehicles quickly with little collateral damage, PhosphoRush is an excellent choice for the discerning general, and is awe-inspiring when combined with other quality PRA products such as CorroMis.

The weapon works by entering through the skin, enters cells through the plasma membrane, and causing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to break down into adenosine diphosphate (ADP). This releases energy into the cell, which provides it with a boost to metabolic activities. In the short term (nearly instantly), the subject will exhibit high blood pressure, rapid heart palpatation, greatly increased energy levels, and hyperventilation. Within a minute, the energy released is too much for the cells to bear, causing widespread cell death across the body. Heart failure, respiratory failure, brain damage, widespread tissue damage, and organ failure across the body. The subject will be dead within two minutes. In addition to the above effects, the phosphorous released from the ATP will be excreted from the body, as cellular waste and in sweat, urine and feces. This means that any victim has the potential to become a human torch, especially post mortem when the bowels and bladder empty themselves.

Area of Effect: 200m square/dose

Kriegzimmer P.746.X Praetorian Surface to Air Missile and Variants

P.746.X Praetorian Surface to Air Missile and Variants
http://modernwarstudies.net/Lineart/praetorian.gif

P.746.A et P.746.B Surface to Air Missile
The P.746.A is a replacement to the Praetorian V which has seen a long life within the Empire's ground forces and naval forces. However, the armed forces dediced to pay for the release of a newer, cheaper, and more effecient surface to air missile, just known as the Praetorian. The administration also required five seperate variants, the P.746.A through the P.746.E. The project was finally granted to Golden Luftwaffe Industries (GLI) for a total of sixty billion USD, and throughout a period of two years, Dr. Ricardo Schumer and Dr. Karl Vectar, with their teams, have worked on the design, finally releasing it after a series of testing and such. The missile's certain differences from the obsolete Praetorian V include a more effecient two-state engine for the P.746.A, while the P.746.B uses a single stage engine for low altitude duties. Both missiles are also transonic.

Designation: P.746. A et P.746.B
Length: 6.3 Meters
Base Diameter: .8 Meters
Warhead: 70kg HE; enCAPsulated MetalStorm [CAPMES]
Propulsion [V. A]: Two-stage; solid rocket and ramjet
Propulsion [V. B]: Singe-stage; solid rocket
Maximum Range [V. A]: 550 kilometers
Maximum Range [V. B]: 130 kilometers
Maximum Altitude [V. A]: 27,000 meters
Maximum Altitude [V. B]:[color] 11,000 meters
[color=red]Maximum Velocity: Mach 3.7
Body:
Core of Phenolic Resin-Impregnated Aramid Paper Honeycomb Core Material
Inner Layer of Thymonel 8
Fins: 4 Delta Shaped Fins
Sensors and Electronics:
M3667 Arbit Computer Chip
Multi-band millimetric RADAR
Gyro RADAR Array
IR LIDAR Array
Inertial
Anti-Collision Sensor System

P.746.C et P.746.D Surface to Air Missile
The P.746.C variant is an anti-sattelite missile (ASAT), while the P.746.D is the newer ASAT design, the SLASAT, which is a submarine launched anti-sattelite missile. The principle difference between the P.746.C and the P.746.A is that the P.746.C has a body which cuts off in the middle, more or less, then constricts to allow for the different two-stage engine. This two-stage engine is comprised of a solid rocket fuel engine and a second-stage of a Versola motor. The P.746.C and P.746.D are officially supplements to the GPALS project, which has been the mainstay of the Empire's ABM system.

The P.746.D is exactly the same as the P.746.C, but on the outside looks much larger since it is encased within a sabot type design. The idea is that it needed to fit the Cartagena's and Cadiz' VLS tubes, consequently, the missile had to be made larger. To avoid the costs of completely redesigning the missile's body, the P.746.D used the encasement, which after launching and breakthing through the water, would tear apart, revealing the P.746.C. Recent testing has proved the missile to be dearly effective.

Designation: P.746. C et P.746.D
Length: 5.4 Meters
Base Diameter: .5 Meters
Warhead: 70kg HE hit-to-kill; enCAPsulated MetalStorm [CAPMES]
Propulsion [V. C]: Two-stage; solid rocket fuel engine and Versola motor
Propulsion [V. D]: Triple-stage; solid rocket fuel, the encasement breaks, solid rocket fuel, Versosal motor
Maximum Altitude : 730 Kilometers
Maximum Velocity: 24,000 Km/h
Body:
Core of Phenolic Resin-Impregnated Aramid Paper Honeycomb Core Material
Inner Layer of Thymonel 8
Fins: 4 Delta Shaped Fins
Sensors and Electronics:
M3667 Arbit Computer Chip
Multi-band millimetric RADAR
Gyro RADAR Array
IR LIDAR Array
Teal-blue array
Inertial

P.746.E HIBOLAAS
The P.746.E is a HIgh-G BOost Low Altitude Anti-Sattelite Missile (HIBOLAAS), designed to look much like the HIBEX missile. The P.746.E is designed to intercept inter-continental ballistic missiles at low altitudes, or in other words, as a last ditch attempt to stop an ICBM. With the successful testings of the HIBEX, it was decided to design one for the Empire itself, leading to this, and recent testing have underscored the chances for success. Nonetheless, again, the HIBOLAAS is always to be considered a final ditch defensive attempt, and is part of the multi-prong ABM system used by the Empire.

Designation: P.746. D
Length: 5.2 Meters
Base Diameter: .8 Meters
Warhead: 70kg HE; enCAPsulated MetalStorm [CAPMES]
Propulsion: Single-stage high thrust solid rocket fuel engine
Maximum Altitude : 7000 Meters
Maximum Velocity: 3 Km/s
Maximum Turn: 400G
Body:
Core of Phenolic Resin-Impregnated Aramid Paper Honeycomb Core Material
Inner Layer of Thymonel 8
Sensors and Electronics:
M3667 Arbit Computer Chip
Multi-band millimetric RADAR
Gyro RADAR Array
IR LIDAR Array
Inertial

Pale Rider Arms Small Arms Division -- Model 100 Submachine Gun

Number of Units in Use by the Halberdgardian Military: Production Rights

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/PRASAD_Model100.gif

Round: 10mm caseless
Barrel Length: 250mm
Overall Length: 330mm
Mass: 2.5 kg unloaded, 3.5 kg loaded
Magazine: 35 rounds
Rate of Fire: 650 rpm
Muzzle Velocity: 2500 fps
Sight: SmartLink (via SmartGun system), ironsights

Note: A special variant of the Model 100 has been created for Halberdgardian covert operatives requiring a powerful yet concealable weapon. This variant has the designation of the Model 100C, and is constructed entirely of a classified composite material that has strength comparable to that of the normal Model 100's construction, to get past metal detectors. The Model 100C, like the Model 100, can also be optionally fitted with a silencer.

Pale Rider Arms Small Arms Division -- "Thunderclap" Anti-Materiel Weapon

Thunderclap Anti-Materiel Weapon

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/PRASAD_Thunderclap.gif

Round: 60mm APFSDS or HE
Barrel Length: 1150mm
Magazine Capacity: 5 rounds
Mass: 18 kg
Sight: 1.5x to 10x Variable Electronic Scope, thermographic or low light, SmartLink (via SmartGun system)
Other: Detachable bipod

The ultimate in anti-materiel devices, the Thunderclap crosses the line from sniper weapon to full-fledged assault cannon. Indeed, the Thunderclap is an excellent choice for destroying lightly armored vehicles from extreme ranges, accelerating its projectile to speeds of up to Mach 10, giving the Thunderclap its name.

Pale Rider Arms Small Arms Division -- SmartGun System

SmartGun System

Consisting of a cellphone-sized computer, a laser rangefinder, a headset, and a secure wireless set, the SmartGun system allows users to vastly improve their aim and combat effectiveness. The laser rangefinder is mounted on the weapon, either underslung or attached to a standard accessory rail. The wireless system transmits encrypted data from the gun to a computer roughly the size of a cell phone (normally worn as a hip pack). The encrypted data from the computer is then transmitted to the headset, where it is displayed in a HUD format. The wireless system is configured not to broadcast beyond approximately one meter, preventing potential enemies from intercepting the data or hacking the system from afar. The entire system is powered by several rechargable lithium ion batteries.

Data displayed includes range to the target, a red dot (color can be changed) indicating where the weapon is being aimed, ammunition left in the magazine (PRA Weapons only, due to their integral Smartgun circuitry), and estimated flight path of grenade rounds.

The headset can be manufactured in a number of varieties, from mirror shades to night vision or thermographic goggles.

Note: A special variant of the SmartGun system has been created for Halberdgardian covert operatives, to better fit with the new Model 100C SMG. Thanks to miniturization of the electronics of the CPU of the SmartGun system, it no longer needs to be worn in a hip pack like the front-line battle unit. Rather, the electronics can be fitted into everyday items, such as a real cell phone, a watch, or even the same sunglasses that house most operatives' HUD.

Kriegzimmer AAM Series Air-to-Air Missiles

Number of Units in Use by the Halberdgardian Military: Production rights

AAM Series Air to Air Missiles

AAM.176 BVRAAM
Description: The AAM.176 is a beyond visual range air to air missile, providing any airforce with an extremely long range air to air missile for modern warfare. The AAM.176 is a turn from the MTAAM series of missiles which saw three variants designed over the year, although technically, the idea stays much the same. The necessity for the missile is to allow pilots to target multiple enemy bogies at the same time, without keeping track of all the missiles, consequently the title of beyond visual range. Furthermore, it also implies an extended range, which for this particular missile is quite high.
Total Length: 4.572 Meters
Total Width: .1778 Meters
Fin Span: .308 Meters
Weight: 181 Kilograms
Velocity: Mach 3.7
Warhead: 70kg; hit-to-kill & blast fragmentation [HE]
Power Plant: Initial rocket fuel booster [adding .87 meters to the missile] & hydrogen injected ramjet.
Maximum Effective Range: 275 kilometers
Guidance Mode: Inertial, Millimeter Band RADAR, LIDAR & IR

AAM.37 AMRAAM
Description: Although the AMRAAM has always been regardes as the next step to the AIM-7 Sparrow project, a short range air to air missile, it is faster, smaller and lighter, than the AIM-7 and AIM-9, allowing for a greater range, although that still doesn't match the range of the AAM.176. The AAM.37 AMRAAM was designed for two main reasons. The first, to provide a missile lighter than the AAM.176 for missions that would require more air to air missiles, thus taking up less total compartment space, and adding less slack to the missile racks of the hardpoints. The second, to provide an alternate, and lower cost, missile to potential buyers. Although most likely the BVRAAM is the one to see the most warfare in the years to come, the AMRAAM will still be held as a valuable second option.
Total Length: 3.6 Meters
Total Width: 0.17 Meters
Fin Span: .0.31 Meters
Weight: 161.4 Kilograms
Velocity: Mach 3.4
Warhead: 70kg; hit-to-kill & blast fragmentation [HE]
Power Plant: Solid Propellant Rocket
Maximum Effective Range: 130 kilometers
Guidance Mode: Inertial, Millimeter Band RADAR, LIDAR & IR

AAM.21 SRAAM
Description: The AAM.21 is to be used as a a last resort within the Luftwaffe, but is still an export option for those smaller nations that cannot afford mass produced AAM.176s and AAM.37s. Nonetheless, they are typically less accurate, slower, weigh more, are larger, and are in general more ineffective when it comes to everything. Nonetheless, they are cheaper, which makes a big difference to a poorer nation.
Total Length: 3.1 Meters
Total Width: 0.13 Meters
Fin Span: .0.27 Meters
Weight: 127.4 Kilograms
Velocity: Mach 2.4
Warhead: 50kg; blast fragmentation [HE]
Power Plant: Solid Propellant Rocket
Maximum Effective Range: 30 kilometers
Guidance Mode: Inertial & IR

Kriegzimmer Tagus Anti-Tank Missile

Panzerfaust X-9/Tagus Anti-Tank Missile

The Tagus Anti-Tank Missile, also known as the Panzerfaust X-9 to Riptide Monzarc, was a joint creation for the purpose of the defense of infantry columns in wartime exercises. Although the Golden Empire already fielded the multi-purpose Ebro anti-tank missile it was decided that it was much too flawed for continued use, consequently the Tagus was researched and developed. The Tagus is equipped with an imaging infrared system (I2R), and is a fire and forget missile. It’s also designed with a “soft launch” for use within buildings, and it protects the crew from the enemy’s line of sight. The Tagus is a top attack missile, where armor normally has its major weak point.

The central part of the Tagus is its Command Launch Unit (CLU) with a trigger mechanism, and a day/night surveillance mechanism, as well as target acquisition programming. The Tagus, during nighttime operation, has night vision sight (NVS) giving it a range of some 2.5 kilometers. However, for daytime operations it is equipped with new generation sighting technology.

The new sights are built around a single Cassagrian telescope type device, with internal charge coupled devices (CCD), which allow advance recollection of photons and photonic waves. The light collected by the Cassagrian telescope cannot be seen with the unaided human eye, consequently, the image is seen through a video camera, although using fiber optic cables, the imagines is basically instantaneous. This is the same basic system as used in ultra-modern photonic masts, except that the tube and the prisms are much smaller, and this uses a CCD, while the photonic mast does not. The range given by this new sighting, dubbed, Most Advanced Sighting Capabilities (MADSIC), is just about twelve kilometers.

The missile, the Tagus, is based on a disposable launch tube assembly, battery coolant units (BCU), and the missile itself. The missile’s range has been given five kilometers, although preferred range is just about two kilometers. The system, without the missile, weighs just about eight kilograms. The warhead’s weight is 12kg; however it enjoys a much larger fuel deposit than the standard Javelin and Milan. However, this latter point extends the missile’s total weight, when fully fueled, to about twenty-three kg, giving the entire system a weight of thirty-one kilograms.

The warhead uses a high explosive anti-tank (HEAT) form, with a tandem shape, giving it a penetration of 700mm + of standard armor. It’s effectiveness against explosive reactive armors and ceramic composite armors are not known, although it is expected to be about the same, since the missile was tested on an old Soviet T-72 export tank.

For accuracy the missile uses a computerized graphic positioning system (CGPS), which basically maps the enemy-tank (based on information using the MADSIC) on a liquid crystal matrix (AMLCD) screen. From there, the missile can use its own personalized acquisition and targeting system (ATS), which is a union of light detection and ranging (LIDAR) and infra-red detection systems (IRDS). This communion of three technologies makes the Tagus extremely accurate, and extremely deadly.

Weight: 31 kg
Length: 1.85 meters
Range: (Daytime) 5 kilometers; (Nightime) 2.5 kilometers
[b]Warhead Type: HEAT Tandem
Warhead Weight: 12 kg
Armor Penetration: 700+mm
Crew: 2 man portable system

Anti-Tank/Anti-Aircraft Munitions

Missile Systems

AT-4 Light Rocket Launcher

The AT-4 is designed to give infantry a lightweight, disposable weapon to be used against light vehicles and hard targets such as fortifications and garrisoned buildings.

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/AT-4_LRL.jpg

Calibre: 84mm HE shaped charge warhead
Length: 100.8cm
Weight: 6.6kg
Effective Range: 300-2,100m
Sight
Front - blade with center post
Rear - peephole with range scale
Ignition: piezoelectric fuse w/electric detonator
Muzzle Velocity: 285 m/sec

Shoulder-Launched Multipurpose Assault Weapon (SMAW)

The SMAW is designed to destroy bunkers and other fortifications during assault operations, as well as other designated targets with the dual mode rocket, and to destroy main battle tanks with the HEAA rocket.

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/SMAW.jpg

Calibre: 83mm
Length
Empty Launcher - 75.9cm
Launcher with Loaded Round - 137.2cm
Weight
Empty Launcher - 7.5kg
Launcher with HEDP Round - 13.4kg
Launcher with HEAA Round - 13.8kg
Effective Range: 500m
Sight: Open Battle and Optical/Night Sights
Ignition: piezoelectric fuse w/electric detonator
Muzzle Velocity: 300 m/sec

Stinger Shoulder-launched Surface-to-Air Missile

The Stinger is a man-portable, shoulder-fired guided missile system which enables infantry to effectively engage low-altitude jet, propeller-driven, and helicopter aircraft.

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/Stinger_SLSAM.jpg

Length: 1.5m
Finspan: 9.14cm
Diameter: 70mm
Weight: 15.66kg (complete unit)
Speed: Supersonic
Ceiling: 3,050m
Range: 1 - 8km
Propulsion: Dual thrust solid fuel rocket motor
Warhead: High-Explosive

Starstreak Close Air Defence Missile

The Starstreak fires three warheads at its target to improve hit probability. The two-stage solid-fuel rocket boosts the missile to supersonic speed, between Mach 3-4. The launch unit projects a laser beam at the target, which the missile follows. When the rocket burns out, there is a drop in acceleration, which triggers the firing of three dart-like submunitions. These darts have laser guidance and adhere to a triangular pattern around the laser beam. Upon reaching the target, the submunitions, which are made of a dense metal and have piercing heads, penetrate the skin; a delay fuse then detonates an explosive charge to fragment the munitions inside the target.

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/Starstreak_CADM.jpg

Length: 140cm
Finspan: 22.9cm
Diameter: 12.7cm
Weight: 20kg
Speed: Mach 3+
Ceiling: 5,000m
Range: 0.3 to 7km
Propulsion: Two Stage, Solid Fuel
Warhead: Three Laser-Guided, HE/Kinetic Dart Submunitions

Javelin InfraRed-Guided Anti-Tank Missile

The system is deployed and ready to fire in less than thirty seconds and the reload time is less than twenty seconds. The missile is mounted on the Command Launch Unit (CLU). The gunner engages the target using the sight on the CLU by placing a curser box over the image of the target. The gunner locks on the automatic target tracker in the missile by sending a lock-on-before-launch command to the missile. When the system is locked-on, the missile is ready to fire and the gunner does not carry out post-launch tracking or missile guidance. Unlike conventional wire-guided, fibre-optic cable guided, or laser-beam-riding missiles, Javelin is autonomously guided to the target after launch, leaving the gunner free to reposition or reload immediately after launch.

A soft launch ejects the missile from the launch tube to give a low-recoil shoulder launch. The soft launch enables firing from inside buildings or covered positions. Once the missile is clear, the larger propellant in the second stage is ignited and the missile is propelled towards the target. The weapon has two attack modes, direct or top-attack. The gunner selects direct attack mode to engage covered targets, bunkers, buildings and helicopters. The top-attack mode is selected against tanks, in which case the Javelin climbs above and strikes down on the target to penetrate the roof of the tank where there is the least armour protection.

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/Javelin_IRGATM.jpg

Weight
Total System: 22.3kg
Missile: 11.8kg
Command Launch Unit: 6.4kg
Length: 1.08m
Diameter: 126mm
Range: 2,500m
Seeker: Imaging infra-red, CMT, 64 x 64 staring focal plane array, 8-12 micron
Guidance: Lock-on before launch, automatic self-guidance
Warhead: Tandem shaped charge
Propulsion: 2-stage solid propellant

TOW2B Wire-Guided Anti-Tank Missile

The TOW wire-guided missile can be fired by infantry using a tripod, as well from vehicles and helicopters, and can launch three missiles in ninety seconds. It is primarily used in anti-tank warfare, and is a command-to-line-of-sight, wire-guided weapon. The TOW is used to engage and destroy enemy armored vehicles, primarily tanks. Its secondary capacity is to destroy other point targets such as non-armored vehicles, crew-served weapons and launchers. This system is designed to attack and defeat tanks and other armored vehicles. The system will operate in all weather conditions and on the "dirty" battlefield.

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/TOW2B_WGATM.jpg

Weight
TOW2B Missile: 12.4kg
Launcher: 92.9kg
Length
TOW2B Missile: 121.9cm
Launcher:
Diameter: 14.9cm
Range: 3,750m
Guidance: Fibre-Optic Wire, Command to Light of Sight Guidance
Warhead: Target-Activated Top-Attack Charge
Propulsion: Single-stage, solid-fuel

MIM-104 Patriot Surface-to-Air Missile PAC-3

The PAC-3 is a much more capable derivative of the PAC-2/GEM system, in terms of both coverage and lethality. The PAC-3 has a new interceptor missile with a different kill mechanism -- rather than having an exploding warhead, it is a hit-to-kill system. The PAC-3 missile is a smaller and highly efficient missile. The canister is approximately the same size as a PAC-2 canister, but contains four missiles and tubes instead of a single round. Selected Patriot launching stations will be modified to accept PAC-3 canisters.

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/Patriot_missile_system.jpg

Type: Single-stage, short-range, low-to high-altitude
Launcher: Eight-round, Mobile, trainable trailer
Length: 5.2m
Diameter: 25cm
Wingspan: 50cm
Launch Weight: 312kg
Propulsion: Single-stage solid propellant rocket motor with special altitude-control mechanism for in-flight maneuvering
Guidance: Inertial/Active millimeter-wave radar, terminal homing
Warhead: hit-to-kill plus lethality enhancer, 73kg HE Blast/Fragmentation with proximity fuse
Maximum Speed: Mach 5
Maximum Altitude: 10,000-15,000m
Maximum Range
Anti-Air: 15km
Anti-Missile: 15-45km

Kriegzimmer ATG-44 Anti-Tank Mine

Number of Units in Use by the Halberdgardian Military: Production rights

ATG-44 SHaped Anti-TAnk Mine

[OOC: This is my first ever lineart, so don't make fun of it. I've already gone through with it on Lineartinc, and I promise my next one will be much better.]

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/ATG-44_ATM_1.gif

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/ATG-44_ATM_2.gifhttp://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/ATG-44_ATM_3.gif

Type: Anti-tank
Height: 34 cm
Width: 19 cm
Weight: 8.9 kilograms
Explosive: 14.7 heptanitrocubane [HpNC]
Penetration: 210mm RHA CE
Detection: Pressure Gauge
Arming: Automatic
Anti-Handling Device: Yes

The ATG-44 uses a very old concept to create a very modern anti-tank mine. The concept of the charge dates back to the design of the Panzerwaffe, one of the most infamous German anti-tank rockets which wreaked havoc on Russian and Western Allied tanks alike. Of course, surfaced rockets like the Panzerwaffe have long become obsolete, however, the ATG-44, unlike these others, bases itself underground, as an anti-tank mine.

When the shaped charge ignites the force is concentrated on the hollow center infront of it, called the Monro Effect; more specifically, A forceful jetstream of the explosion gases results that hits the steel target with a speed of typically 15,000 meters per second and penetrating pressure in excess of 12 million kg/cm2. When the explosion occurs, the liner metal is formed into a spike of molten metal (although there is some discussion on whether it is liquid or solid; most times it is referred to a "plasma" jet, plasma not in the technical subatomic sense but in the sense of an in-between state of the metal between liquiduous and solid). To be most effective, the shaped charge has to be detonated at the right distance from the target. If it detonates too close to the armor, the plasma-jet hasn't formed out before hitting the surface and the effect is lessened somwewhat. If detonated too far from the armor surface, the plasma jet has unfocused and partly spent itself already (this effect is used in applying spaced armor, described below).

The ATG-44 has an anti-handeling device that also sets the fuse, like the pressure gauge, allowing the mine to blow before it can be dismantled. It's a safeguard against mass mine dismantling programs. Also, there is very little metal in the mine, making it more difficult for mine detectors to detect the ATG-44.

The fuse works with a small pressure guage [the green part of the mine], that is enlarged in the picture, but in true use only sticks up from the ground for about half a centimeter. It measures the pressure on the nearby surface for about two meters, taking in mind the weight of vehicles and the such. It's designed to set the fuse for vehicles over two hundred kilograms, and waits until the vehicle is more or less centered over the mine, but detecting pressure crafted by the tracks or wheels of the vehicle. It has proved to be a highly effective method of setting the fuse.

The ATG-44 does not have a self-destruct option. It is to say, the mine is there to stay until it is detonated or dismantled by professionals that know the mine well.

Corbulo Self-Propelled 155mm Field Gun -- Shells

Standard Ejermacht Artillery Rounds

TIR.11.155 HE Round
Description: The TIR.11.155 High Explosive shell is merely an empty casting full of Octagen using a small brazen fuse, although there have been claims that the Ejermacht has issued the same round without the fuze, dispersing it randomly within stockpiles of the round; the idea is to defeat shortstop equipped ordnance. The round itself is rocket assisted, and out of the muzzle of the Corbulo has an extremely amazing range.
Range: 80kms [standard]; 30kms [howitzer]; 100kms [Corbulo]
Velocity: Mach 4-6
Warhead: High Explosive
Guidance: Inertial and GPS

TIR.76.155 ER DPICM Round
Description: The TIR.76 Extended Range Dual Purpose Improved Conventional Munition is the long range dispenser artillery round of Halberdgardian artillery units, able to carry up to seventy-two small anti-armor/personnel grenade submunitions. The round is capable of successfully engaging unarmored vehicles, soft skinned vehicles and personnel, at extremely long ranges, which amount to some forty kilometers for a howitzer and around eighty kilometers to one hundred kilometers for the advance field artillery system Corbulo. The round is designed with GPS and inertial guidance, and's burst radius has been reduced to ten meters. The round has also been improved upon the XM982 design, incorporated rocket assistance.
Range: 40kms [Howitzer]; 90kms [Field Gun]; 120kms [Field Gun ETC/EM assisted]
Velocity: Mach 4 to Mach 7
Warhead: 72 Anti-Armor or Anti-Personnel Grenade Submunitions
Fire Capabilities: Non Line of Site; Fire and Forget
Guidance: GPS, Inertial, Millimeter Wave

TIR.21.155 SADARM Round
Description: This Sense and Destroy Armor Munition is an extended program to the M898 munition of the US Army. The round carries a host of anti-armor submunitions that release themselves on top of enemy light armoured vehicles, penetrating the top armour. How it works is that the round uses a parachute like device to slowly fall over the target and at a certain height, dictated by a range of sensors, the round divides into two submunition penetrators that use their own sensors to search and destroy for enemy vehicles. When the target is located the submunition fires an explosively formed penetrator [EFP] at it. Under the best circumstances the TIR.21.155 SADARM has been able to destroy two vehicles with one round.
Range: 35kms [howitzer]; 50kms [artillery]; 80kms [EM or ETC artillery]
Velocity: Mach 4-7; terminal varies
Warhead: Anti-armour submunitions
Guidance: Inertial, GPS and Millimeter Wave

TIR.33.155 TCR Round
Description: This Trajectory Correctable Munition is designed to be a cross between the SADARM and the DPICM munitions, although the guidance is a bit different, although more accurate. The round is designed to be modular, allowing any country to drop either the DPICM or SADARM rounds and just use this one, producing them to fit either role - but the casting itself would be the same, making the round consequently much cheaper to design, especially if a country designs both. The round is also wooden, requiring absolutely no user maintenance, making them cheaper in that respect as well, with a storage life of twenty years.
Range: 37kms [howitzer]; 60 kms [artillery]; 100 kms [ETC/EM artillery]
Velocity: Mach 2-7 depending on variant
Warhead: HE, SADARM, DPICM
Guidance: GPS, INS, Millimeter Wave, Projectile Tracking System, Terminal Homing, Counter Radar and UAV directed [optional].

TIR.217.155 Chemical Round
Description: The TIR.217.155 HD shell, just like the TIR.11.155 HE round, is merely an empty casting using a small brazen fuse, capable of holding a large payload of a variety of chemical substances. However, there have been claims that Halberdgardian artillery units have been issued the same round without the fuze, dispersing it randomly within stockpiles of the round; the idea is to defeat Shortstop-equipped ordnance. The round itself is rocket assisted, and out of the muzzle of the Corbulo has an extremely amazing range.
Range: 80kms [standard]; 30kms [howitzer]; 100kms [Corbulo]
Velocity: Mach 4-6
Warhead: Any variety of chemical weapons; usually AeroClot (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9590470&postcount=63), BZ Hallucinogenic Gas (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9591645&postcount=67), Corromis (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9590518&postcount=66), or PhosphoRush (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9779914&postcount=76)
Guidance: INS, GPS

TIR.17.155 RAAM Round
Description: The TIR.17 Remote Anti-Armor Munition is designed to be able to carry anti-armor mine munitions far distances, allowing to set up remote mine fields within minutes, especially in the face of an enemy advance. The round, if produced by Kriegzimmer, carries a single type of mine, set off through sensors which detail pressure and proximity, being quite accurate, and rather hard to see and deactivate in time. They are not designed to destroy tanks but rather blow off parts of the tracks, allowing further artillery and other strikes to deal with the now stopped armour. The rounds first battle testing grounds were at Ruska against Havenite [SafeHaven2] armour, and proved to be quite successful. The mine has a 48 hour lifespan.
Range: 30 to 70 kilometers
Velocity: Mach 2 to Mach 5
Warhead: Submunitions; 60 anti-tank mines
Guidance: Inertial and GPS

TIR.81.155 ADAM Round
Description: The TIR.81 Area Denial Anti-personnel Mine works just like the TIR.17 RAAM mine, and is in fact the same casting as the TIR.17, using modular parts, only the submunitions are exchanged with anti-personnel mines. The TIR.81 is most of the time used hand in hand with the TIR.17s, providing anti-personnel and anti-tank mine fields against fast advancing armies, and has the distinct possibilities of slowing advances down. The mine has a life span, just like the mine of its TIR.17 counterpart, of 48 hours.
Range: 30 to 80 kilometers
Velocity: Mach 2 to 5
Warhead: Submuntions; 80 anti-personnel mines
Guidance: Inertial and GPS

TIR.31.155 AFAP Round
Description: The TIR.31 is a nuclear tipped Artillery-Fired Atomic Projectile, with rocket assist, offering it an excellent range. It's a mini tactical nuclear weapon, designed to destroy large amounts of enemy personnel and vehicles within single strikes. The shell has never been used by the Empire's forces, although it is always stockpiled as a possibility. In fact, official numbers on stockpiles don't exist, but it's been estimated that the Empire holds around two hundred to three hundreds of these types of rounds on reserve and that they are rushed over to areas of high priority in case the war becomes a nuclear war. The nuclear warhead also use the effect of extended radiation [ER] to increase the killing power of the shell.
Range: 80 Kilometers
Velocity: Mach 6
Warhead: Nuclear [small]
Guidance: Inertial, GPS, Millimeter Wave

Corbulo Self-Propelled 155m Field Gun

Corbulo Self-Propelled 155mm Field Gun

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/Corbulo_artillery.jpg

The Corbulo 155mm Field Gun was designed to give the Empire a long range field artillery piece that could move on it's own around the field, without necessity of towing it. In other words, it would be a design which would be mounted on a heavy transport truck, but instead of being able to disattach it, and then attach it once again, it would fixed onto the bed of the truck, and would be one hundred percent automated and controlled from within the truck. In that way, it would provide more range than a self-propelled howitzer, and would be able to move on its own, unlike other field gun artillery pieces.

The primary weapon of the Corbulo is her 155mm 52 calibre L/15 artillery piece, with electro-magnetic rifling, allowing for greater velocity, greater force, and consequently, greater range. The gun is capable of firing Extended Range Full Bore Base Bleed (ERFB-BB) rounds, Explosively Formed Penetrator (EFP) rounds, rocket assisted projectiles (RAP), Velocity enhanced long range artillery projectile (VLAP), as well as other standard NATO munitions. The projectile most commonly used by the Golden Throne remains the VLAP round for its extended range, and it's cheaper production cost as opposed to the RAP round.

The maximum range of the Corbulo, given the round, is seventy-five kilometers. This can be considerably shorter, however, using a standard NATO munition, which gives around thirty-five kilometers range.

The Corbulo uses an array of systems for fire and control. It's primary system is a global positioning system - survey (GPS-S), which consists of receivers, antennas, software, and hardware that collectively process data from the orbiting satellite. The GPS-S works on selective Availability (SA) and Anti-Spoofing (AS) modes (Y-Code).

The piece has an additional set of hydraulics in the rear to allow elevating the gun centered around the back, positioning it over the cabin of the truck, allowing it to engage ground targets selectively, making it the perfect heavy anti-tank weapon. Moreover, it's fitted with a hydraulic power pack for operation of the load assist systems, for aiming and for operation of the spades.

The recoil length is expected at 900mm to 1,100m length. The system uses a horizontal sliding breech opening to the right and is fitted with a self-sealing metal obturating ring. The system is fitted with two pneumatic equilibrators, single cylinder hydraulic buffer and hydro-pneumatic recuperator.

The first mode of firing allows three rounds per twenty seconds, and sustained firing is around seventy rounds every sixty minutes. This is substantially higher than most field artillery pieces.

The advanced fire and control system (AFCS) gives target information, automatic elevation angles and traverse. It uses advance computing technology, including heavy memory sizes and high RAM numbers, in order to compute as fast as possible. It also can work hand in hand with ground and sky based RADAR systems, as well as down-looking LIDAR systems, for positioning. The gun is considered to be highly accurate.

The reloading system is semi-automated, although it does allow for a smaller crew for the gun. The truck holds a total of thirty-five rounds, but a secondary transport truck can continously supply the Corbulo.

It's fitted onto a 8x8 Ebro Heavy Towing Truck, rated at 335 horsepower, and 2,200 RPM, with a V12 diesel engine. The truck's cabin is armored and protected against small arms fire. The truck uses a two stick transmission, with a hydraulically operated brake and steering system. It focuses more on par than on horsepower, but it has been rated to go a maximum of sixty-five kilometers per hour.

Crew: 2
Maximum Range: 75 kilometers

F-150 "Ebonhawk" Advanced Fighter-Bomber & F-150A/S "Strikehawk" Air Superiority Fighter

F-150 "Ebonhawk" Advanced Fighter-Bomber

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/F-150Ebonhawk.jpg

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/F-150Ebonhawk_carrier.jpg

[Abstract]

With the advent of new fighter concepts such as Civitas Americae's new "missile-spamming" bomber-escort craft, the Tu-161 "Black Widow," the Halberdgardian Air Force realized that, despite being a capable force with access to some of the most advanced aircraft available, even its best strike fighters could not come close to matching the payload of the Tu-161. Realizing that other nations might seek to capitalize on this new concept of "cramming" massive loads of ordnance into new aircraft designs, the Halberdgardian Department of Defense saw the need to beat those other powers to the punch. After tentative discussions with Sarzonian aerospace engineers at the newly-consolidated Portland Iron Works, it was decided that the two nations would cooperate on a joint project to develop an advanced fighter-bomber that incorporated some of the best Sarzonian technology available, as well as some of the best technology of all the aircraft fielded by the Halberdgardian Air Force. The result was the F-150 "Ebonhawk," planned to be fielded by both nations' air forces.

[Airframe]

With both Halberdgardian and Sarzonian forces having clashed with the highly-capable Doomingslandian air force in the past, both sides sought to incorporate their knowledge of the aforementioned foe into design elements for the Ebonhawk. As such, the Ebonhawk's airframe is a switchblade design, allowing the pilot to switch between forward-swept wings for optimal maneuverability in dogfight scenarios, and a swept-back configuration for optimal stability when engaging ground targets. The Ebonhawk's computer oversees the stability of the craft, especially when in forward-swept wing configuration, by making rapid adjustments to the canards and other control mechanisms.

The airframe itself is composed of two elements: a ten-millimeter layer of Kevlar to stop small arms fire, with a fifteen-millimeter layer of aluminum-titanium alloy underneath the Kevlar provide additional strength. The aircraft's stealthy qualities are enhanced by judicious use of Brewster's Angle construction throughout the airframe. To further increase the Ebonhawk's stealthiness, the designers emulated one of the design features found on the Tyrandis TSF-616 "Eidolon" fighter; the canopy is manufactured of an advanced polycarbonate, backed by a rubber insulation layer and a thin strip of an indium-tin alloy. Traditionally, the cockpit has been the most problematic area for advanced stealth designers; because RADAR waves passes through the canopy as if it were transparent, an especially strong signal will bounce back to its receiver because any aircraft interior contains angles and shape that generate a substantial return. The InSn coating allows over 98.5% of visible light to pass through to the pilot, but will appear on RADAR as a semi-metallic surface, thus further reducing the Ebonhawk's already small radar cross-section.* However, the Ebonhawk's stealth qualities are estimated to be enhanced tenfold by the use of a special material** over the layer of Kevlar. The material is still highly classified, but is said to further reduce RADAR signature by fifty percent, as well as preventing visual acquisition at long range. This makes the Ebonhawk an estimated five to ten times as stealthy as the F-117/A Nighthawk, thus making the Ebonhawk one of the stealthiest craft in use by the Halberdgardian Air Force to date.

[Propulsion]

Several designs were considered for the engines of the Ebonhawk, but the number of myriad designs was drastically reduced when supersonic velocities became a design requirement. Initially, it was decided that the Ebonhawk would be powered by two pulse-detonation engines. However, when it was realized that the massive infrared signature produced by the pulse-detontation process would negate any attempt at stealth, the design was taken back to the drawing board. Eventually, however, Tylon Aerospace Industries proposed a new ramfan design, dubbed the Union-281-2005, that would maintain the thrust of the original engines without the massive infrared signature. This design was accepted, and so the Ebonhawk is powered by two Union-281-2005 ramfan engines, fitted with heat suppressors to drastically reduce infrared signature, for a combined thrust of one hundred thirty thousand pounds.

[Flight Control and Electronics]

The Ebonhawk features an advanced Fly-by-Optics control system for enhanced response time, better control, and increased reliability.

The Ebonhawk Advanced RADAR Tracking System (EARTS), an upgraded AN/APG-77 AESA RADAR unit, serves as the main component of the Ebonhawk's sensor suite, with a range of three hundred twenty kilometers. Additionally, the EARTS contains a module similar to the one employed by Tylon Aerospace Industries' new SUF-5 Lion; this module cycles through a wide range of frequencies twice a second, so as to prevent the EARTS from being jammed. An APG-100 Advanced Long Range Millimetric Wave Radar is utilized for air-to-ground detection. The EARTS is also augmented by a LIDAR/LADAR suite, with a range of thirty and seventy kilometers, respectively, complemented by an APG-120 Advanced LIDAR/LADAR Receiver. Finally, an IRTS-1 Infrared Scanning System rounds out the electronics package.

The Ebonhawk fields multiple Sarzonian avionics technologies. Chief among these is the AHDS-1 Helmet-Mounted HUD System, which allows for the pilots of the aircraft to simply look at the target to achieve a lock. When the AHDS-1 is used in conjunction with an advanced new voice-command system, the pilot has unparalleled capabilities when receiving, integrating, and utilizing in-flight information to his best advantage. The aircraft’s superb sensor suite allows for up to one hundred twenty enemy aircraft to be tracked at any given time via a SCS-1 Mobile Super Computer System, which gives the aircraft nearly-unmatched processing power, and for eight of them to be targeted and engaged simultaneously at ranges exceeding eighty miles. When used in conjunction with an AWACS aircraft, the Ebonhawk becomes even more lethal. This allows for the aircraft to effectively engage and destroy hostile aircraft at ranges limited only by the missiles carried in her bays, and can do this without switching on the EARTS, as to prevent RADAR-seeking equipment from picking up on the emissions generated by the aircraft.***

Finally, to augment the craft's deadliness when compared with the Tu-161 "Black Widow," a system similar to the Tu-161's Inter-/Intra-Flight Data Link, dubbed the Ebonhawk Data Distribution System (EDDS), was incorporated into the design. Utilizing a system with 4096-bit encryption, analogous to a far more secure version of commercial Wi-Fi, the EDDS can securely broadcast targeting, flight, RADAR, and LIDAR/LADAR data to other aircraft within a ten-mile radius. The EDDS is augmented by a line-of-sight laser communication system that serves as an alternative to the wireless system.

[Armament]

Despite the other advanced features of the Ebonhawk, the armament is perhaps the most fearsome of all the aircraft's components. Two internal weapon bays house the Ebonhawk's ordnance, and each bay is capable of holding up to thirty-six air-to-air missiles or air-to-ground missiles (short-, medium-, long-, or extreme-long-range) on a rotary launcher. The launcher is modular not only in that it can hold Sarzonian AAM/ATGM equivalents as well as any other ordnance of similar dimensions, but can be removed entirely, and instead replaced with eight internal hardpoints for dedicated air-to-surface munitions, or one Massive Ordnance Air Burst (MOAB) weapon (or similarly-sized equivalent). Each hardpoint is capable of holding one two-thousand-pound bomb, for a dedicated-bomber configuration capable of carrying thirty-two thousand pounds of ordnance. Optionally, at the cost of stealthiness, each wing can be fitted with four hardpoints, each capable of holding one standard one-thousand-pound bomb, or similarly-sized equivalent, bringing the Ebonhawk's dedicated-bomber configuration's maximum payload to forty-thousand pounds of ordnance. The hardpoints are also capable of carrying extra fuel tanks or jamming modules.

Additionally, one 32mm ETC cannon, much like the one mounted in some of the most recently-produced Sarzonian aircraft, is mounted internally in the nose of the aircraft. Borrowing a stealth-enhancing design from the SZ-19 "Predator" interceptor aircraft, the cannon is covered by a small hatch when not firing, to prevent radar detection. The cannon can fire high-explosive or armor-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot rounds for ground attack roles, in addition to regular rounds.

The Ebonhawk is also fitted with an electronic-warfare suite, composed of a radar-jamming module (calibrated so as not to impede on the frequencies in use by the Ebonhawk itself), a communications-jamming module, and a limited PSYOPS-broadcast capability. The electronic-warfare suite has a range of approximately one hundred fifty kilometers.

Finally, to round out the countermeasures suite, the Ebonhawk is fitted with chaff and flares. A new flare design increases threat-elimination rates by utilizing a multi-stage burst design, whereby three charges are mounted on one flare. When the flare is fired, the first charge explodes, confusing the missile. One second later, the second charge goes off, further deceiving the missile, with the third and final charge fully diverting the missile away from the aircraft and towards the massive infrared signature of the flare.

[F-150A/S "Strikehawk"]

A dedicated air superiority variant of the Ebonhawk, designated the F-150A/S "Strikehawk," has also been designed. The F-150A/S features many of the same elements as the Ebonhawk, but is smaller and lighter. This was accomplished by reducing the payload from two weapons bays to one. The "Strikehawk" retains the Ebonhawk's rotary launcher and optional wing-mounted hardpoints, but the rotary launcher cannot be removed in favor of hardpoints. However, it is still capable of mounting ATGMs, making it capable of serving as a strike fighter in a pinch.

[Export]

The domestic versions of the Ebonhawk and Strikehawk as described above will not be offered for sale. However, an export version of both aircraft has been designed. The chief difference between the two versions is that the specialized stealth-enhancing material used on the domestic version's airframe is not present in the export version, and has instead been replaced with radar-absorbing material.

Additionally, sales of both models have been limited to twenty-five units per customer (except close allies); that is, up to a maximum of fifty aircraft may be purchased by any one nation. Production rights will not be sold under any circumstances.

F-150 "Ebonhawk" Specifications -- Domestic Version

Length: 40 m
Wingspan: 34 m
Height: 7 m
Propulsion: 2 x Tylon Aerospace Industries Union-281-2005 ramfan engines (130,000 lbs maximum thrust)
Empty Weight: 40,000 kg
Maximum Weight: 75,000 kg
Normal Payload: 13,500 kg
Range: 7,500 km without refueling; limited only by crew endurance with in-air refueling
Maximum Payload: 40,000 lbs. (dedicated-bomber configuration with optional eight wing-mounted hardpoints)
Supercruise: Mach 2
Maximum Speed: Mach 3
Maximum Altitude: 40,000 m
Crew: Two
Price: $175 million

F-150A/S "Strikehawk" Specifications -- Domestic Version

Length: 28 m
Wingspan: 26 m
Height: 6 m
Propulsion: 2 x Tylon Aerospace Industries Union-281-2005 ramfan engines (130,000 lbs maximum thrust)
Empty Weight: 25,000 kg
Maximum Weight: 60,000 kg
Normal Payload: 6,750 kg
Range: 7,500 km without refueling; limited only by crew endurance with in-air refueling
Maximum Payload: 20,000 lbs. (with optional eight wing-mounted hardpoints)
Supercruise: Mach 2.3
Maximum Speed: Mach 3.2
Maximum Altitude: 40,000 m
Crew: One
Price: $175 million

* [OOC: The text regarding the canopy was taken from Tyrandis' write-up for his TSF-616 "Eidolon." (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9449160&postcount=22)]
** [OOC: The "special material" on the airframe is the ErininArms Shapeshifter Skin-1, as detailed here (http://s7.invisionfree.com/AoH_Official_Board/index.php?showtopic=89).]
*** [OOC: The text about the AHDS-1 and the SCS-1 was taken from Sarzonia's write-up for the SZ-19 "Predator" interceptor from Avalon Aerospace Corporation (http://forums2.jolt.co.uk/showthread.php?t=365142).]

Kriegzimmer Lu-45 "Hawk" Air Superiority Fighter

Lu-45 Hawk Air Superiority Aircraft

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/Lu-45_Hawk.png

[Credit is due to Mekugi for the entire picture.]

[Abstract]
Through the wars of Emperor Jonach I it was conceived that the Lu-05, although potent, was far too simplistic for air superiority duties. This conclusion was reaffirmed during the War of Golden Succession, in which the Lu-05 was pitted against Havenite aircraft. The simplicity, and inadequacies, of the Lu-05 were underscored by several clients of Kriegzimmer, who many also saw action in the War of Golden Succession.

These inadequacies included lack of relative stealth features, although the Lu-05 did employ some of the very best RADAR absorbing material of the times, lack of maneuverability, and the airframe was far too small to support the features it carried. Furthermore, the Lu-05 was equipped with paraphernalia that didn’t perform to expectations, such as the Pallas Athena, purchased from New Empire.

Consequently, Emperor Fedor I ordered the development of a new air superiority aircraft. The original petitioners were Luftkrieg, Golden Luftwaffe Industries, and Dienstad Aerial Industries. Of all applicants Luftkrieg was chosen and funded, after their two last successful designs, the Lu-05 and the Lu-12. The project was dubbed the ZX-63, and the final product was the Lu-45 Hawk.

The Lu-45 features improved stealth systems despite the dropping of the Pallas Athena active RADAR cancellation system, as well as much better maneuverability, and enhanced aerodynamics. The latter includes more modern, much better designed, wing technology and undercarriage technology, reducing total mass, and thus total drag. Regardless, the technologies of the Lu-45 are worth a chance to look at.

The primary purchaser of the Lu-45, the Empire of the Golden Throne, has ordered it for the replacement of all Lu-05 aircraft, which will amount to a total of some twelve thousand Lu-45 aircraft within the time span of four to five years. The aircraft has also been displayed to the IADF, and may undergo certain revisions there for use within the Rapid Reaction Force, although Space Union is also a contender in the designing of the joint IADF air superiority fighter project.

The Lu-45 is a fully modern [post-modern] design, incorporating some of the best technologies available and incorporates technologies used in other aircraft as well. The Lu-45s purpose was to make a formidable air superiority fighter for the Empire, not to export it – although it will be exported – but, it’s primary purpose was for the Empire. It seems that it has done that, and done that incredibly well.

The Lu-45 flew it’s first test flight in front of an unofficial audience two years after the project began, flying for Emperor Fedor I. The Emperor liked it so much that he ordered the Lu-05s to be slowly scrapped and that some seven thousand Lu-45s be produced for both the Luftwaffe and the Kriegsmarine. It is, indeed, a promising aircraft.

[Airframe and Aerodynamics]
The airframe is crafted of steel titanium ribs, covered by an extremely light weight plastic and ceramic composite. The goal wasn’t to provide an armored aircraft, since the most likely case would be that regardless of the airframe’s strength the chances that it would survive a blast within three meters of the aircraft were low. Consequently, Luftkrieg decided to go cheaper but reliable, exchanging harder composites for a lighter ceramic/plastic composite. The specific composition of the ceramic/plastic composite is a Polyamide, polyvinyl chloride [PVC], and polycarbonate coating, along with a plastic bakelite coating, and a zirconium-hafnium alloy. The Hawk is laminated inside and outside with carbon reinforced fiberglass-plastic composed of glass fiber and carbon laminates bound with vinyl ester and polyester resin. The density of the carbon renforced fiberglass composite is about 1,600 kgm^3, but the strength is rated above steel, and while in stiffness it falls a bit behind steel, in specific stiffnets it rises above steel almost six times over. A scrimp manufacturing process is used in construction, involving vacuum assisted resin injection. Carbon fiber and carbon loaded materials have been selected for the beams, mast and supporting structures, which need high tensile strength, for example the support structures for the gun and the electro-optical and radar weapon director. This latter lamination is known to increase stealth, and is extremely light weight, and used by many Swedish shipping.

The shape of the airframe also offers a lower radar-cross section [RCS], and the composite material is covered with radiation absorbent material, which is formed of a composition between honeycomb RAM, black absorbent RAM, and foam absorbers. This groundbreaking design of RAM has allowed the aircraft to absorb between 3MHz to 6 GHz. This means that OTHR designed RADAR systems can no longer pick up the Hawk, allowing it a more advance stealth feature. This RAM technology can also be seen used on the GLI-34 Albatross Heavy Bomber, and has proved successful in combat operations undertaken by several client states.

All angles on the aircraft follow the idea of the polarization angle, also known as Brewster’s Angle, which says that light that is polarized when regarding the interface, will not reflect on a particular incident angle. The angles attempt to all follow the standard guideline of being angled at fifty-six degrees, also much like the GLI-34.

Underneath the layering of RAM, and on top of the airframe, the Hawk features a slick coating of Thymonel 8, a nickel-based aluminum superalloy [NiAl], which has a low tendency for hydrogen environmental embrittlement [HEE], which is a logistical nightmare for most aircraft, and it features an extremely high resistance to heat. It is to say, the Hawk allows for greater velocities, especially when it comes to maneuvers.

The Hawk incorporates two canards just under the canopy, near the fuselage and half-hidden intakes, which are fully reversible, allowing the Hawk to fly in one direction while it’s pointing at another. The technology was first rumored to be available on the Rafale, and now the Hawk is one of the few aircraft that incorporate reversible canard fins.

The wings use a leading edge expansion to create high lift, increasing the flyable alpha by over ninety degrees. Like the Su-33, the Hawk has the ability to pull to an angle of attack of ninety to one hundred and ten degrees, and then pull back to zero. The Hawk also has twin vertical tails to increase stabilization, although they’re relatively smaller than those used on the JSF-35. The Lu-45 Hawk uses a switchblade design for the wings, allowing it to fully extend its wings when dropping bombs, or moving in for precision strikes, it can also move its wings forward, giving it the advantage of forward swept wings for greater maneuverability in aerial fights, and then it can sweep the wings fully forward into a delta type formation for high velocity flights. It is to say, the Hawk can configure its flight for different missions. The Hawk's airfoils are all composed of a Nickel based Aluminum superalloy [NiAl], which enjoys rather great tensile ductility, high fracture toughness and high temperature strength, while keeping up an awsome creep and fatigue behavioural pattern in terms of resistivity. The NiAl superalloy is woven around a matrix, using a chromium strand to bond in each case, showing a substantial gain in toughness.

It is important to point out that the Lu-45 does have a single armored area, and that is the fuselage, which is ‘half-armored’, or more accurately slightly armored, to protect from stray shots, or weaker penetrations. The armor is made up of a stronger ceramic composite, and offers relatively low rolled homogenous armored [RHA] statistics.

[Powerplant]
The principle powerplant on the Lu-45 Hawk is a dual low-bypass turbofan engine system, putting out forty thousand pound force each. The outer shaft (HP), the high pressure compressor and the high pressure turbine are all made of a sturdier material than the rest of the airframe, including a separate coating of a separate superalloy. This coating is made of a Ni based superalloy with high Cr content and using the d-electron concept. The d-electron concept was developed on the basis of the molecular orbital calculations of the electronic structures of Ni alloys. The two electronic parameters that are important for this concept are the bond order between an alloying element and nickel atoms, Bo, and the other is the d-orbital energy level of alloying elements. This specific composition has high hot-corrosion resistance, tested by the immersion test, where it was tested through weight loss. There is a second coating of Rene N6 single crystal based superalloy called CMSX-11B and CMSX-116, containing Chromium levels of 12.5% to 14.5% respectively. The Rene N6 also increases hydrogen environment embrittlement (HEE), increasing resistance.

The fans themselves are somewhat better made than most out there since they're forged from a mono-crystalline blade, which is something along the lines of Rene N6 only with a heavier mass. Moreover, the turbofan includes a two layer fan in order to increase thrust and force, while using a smaller engine, decrease infra-red signatures. All first stage turbine blades and nozzels are designed using ceramic materials, a biproduct of the Advanced Gas Turbine [AGT] project.

To increase power the Hawk’s turbofans, dubbed LuTJ-2005s, retain a high specific thrust in order to increase to the limit the thrust for a given frontal area. Furthermore, the LuTJ-2005s use multi-stage fans for a higher fan pressure ratio. It also includes afterburner injection to increase specific thrust at certain times, although the Lu-45s engines do not allow it for a longer period of time, making afterburners only useful in certain combat operations and take-off operations.

The variable area air intakes for the LuTJ, as said before, are located halfway under the fuselage, and carry a small silencer, which although it doesn’t silence it all the way, does aid quite a bit in the almost implausible endeavor of silencing the Lu-45 Hawk.

The LuTJ-2005 engines also are designed with multiple infra-red heat depressant mechanisms which act as mechanical coolants, designed to lower, if not extinguish, infra-red signatures coming from the engines. Apart from that the engines also carry what is perhaps the only major Luftkrieg self-designed property. It incorporates a liquid nitrogen coolant based in a miniscule ring which separates the inner walls of the turbojets, lined by the superalloys, and the outer wall of the turbojets, allowing miniature injectors to leave a gloss of liquid nitrogen. The heat is measured by built in thermometers, and the coolant is injected based on those readings.

The Hawk’s maximum velocity remains at Mach 3+, while it’s optimal cruising velocity has been rendered at Mach 2.4, and it’s optimal mission velocity for enhanced stealth is to remain subsonic.

For quicker turns and more efficient maneuvers the Lu-45 Hawk uses Counterflow Thrust Vectoring [CFTV], which decreases weight and increases reaction speed. Of the two CFTV systems to date, the Lu-45 uses that designed in the Portuguese Air Force Academy in Sintra, which uses small jet engines. Nonetheless, regardless on the improvements on thrust vectoring, especially the CFTV fluid vectoring, it is extremely important to know that thrust vectoring works best in subsonic velocities, as opposed to super sonic velocities.

The engines are monitored for mechanical fluidity, heat and pressure by an Engines Indicating and Crew Alerting System (EICAS). EICAS is located in the cockpit and is a section of the Hawk’s avionics.

[Avionics]
All electronic systems used by Hawk are line replaceable units and shop replaceable units, making the Hawk’s electronic suit much more logistics friendly. Furthermore, the coolant system used by the engines is also used by separate technology injectors on the electronic and avionics systems, allowing for a much better use of the aircraft’s avionics by the crews. In other words, it decreases the chances of a malfunction.

The avionics suit on the Lu-45 was perhaps the most excruciating part of the design, and it includes several enhanced projects which the Lu-05 disregarded. This includes an Integrated Communications Navigation Identification Avionics [ICNIA] suit, as well as Integrated Electronic Warfare System [INEWS] and high speed data busses. The system is brained by a single supercomputer dubbed Hans, known as a Common Integrated Processor [CIP], and there are two of these located within each Hawk. The CIP is rated at two thousand million instructions per second [Mips], with signal processing rated at fifty billion operations per second . This is aided by the very high-speed integrated circuit (VHSIC) technology, and separate modules.

The Lu-45 Hawk has a Communication/Navigation/Identification [CNI] system, which each CNI having it’s own synthetic aperture installed on the aircraft. The CNI works directly and indirectly with the separate but similar identification friend or foe [IFF] system. Regardless, both work for the cooperation between flights of aircraft. This is further propelled by the Intra-Flight Data Link [IFDL] which allows flights to share target data without using the radio. Finally, to reinforce both the CNI and IFF there us a Joint Tactical Information Distribution System [JTIDS] link.

The Electronic Warfare [EW] system and the Stores Management System [SMS] also work together, much like the CNI and IFF applications work together. The SMS works for launch sequences and to choose weapons, and such, while the former system [EW] works to gather target data and to aid in the detection of other aircraft. The Electronic Warfare system also expends chaff, flares and other countermeasures as seen appropriate; this can also be done manually if the pilot wishes, although he/she does not have to set the setting, as the CIP assumed this. The SMS is aided by two other systems, the Vehicle Management System [VMS] and the Integrated Vehicle System Controller [IVSC], which are avionics racks. The pilot doesn’t need to worry about self-defense, as that’s controlled automatically by an electronic warfare subsystem on the aircraft.

All the systems are directly linked to the pilot through a series of screens crafted from a liquid crystal matrix [AMLCD], which translated to the electronic flight instrumentation system [EFIS]. The EICAS system, described under the engines section, is also centered in the cockpit, next to the Altitude and Heading Reference System [AHRS] and Air Data Computer. For greater pilot versatility and comfort the cockpit includes a Primary Multi-Function display, shown through a polychromatic AMLCD, as well as a single heads-up display screen [HUD] and four up-front display screens [UFP]. These systems offer a ‘gods eye view’ of the battlefield, and the HUD allows a thirty degree view horizontally, and a twenty-five degree view vertically.

The pilot’s wellbeing is monitored by the Environment Awareness Module [EAM], which includes on-board oxygen and pressure levels, as well as temperature levels and the state of the pilot’s nuclear, biological and chemical [NBC] protection suits.

The pilot’s navigational aids include a satellite based reality reproduction [SBRR] system and a hybrid navigational system, which works with gyro inertial guidance and a global positioning system [GPS]. For an all purpose navigational system the Hawk has the tactical air navigational system [TACAN], which is supplemented by a terrain profiling and matching system [TERPROM], much like that used by the Tomahawk missile, which also works hand in hand with the global positioning system and other reconnaissance satellite systems.

For threat management the pilot can depend on an electronic counter-measure system [ECMS], and an Advance Integrated Defensive Electronic Countermeasure System (AIDECM), which uses both noise jamming, deception jamming, and blip enhancement.

[CENTER][[b]Cockpit Ejection System]
The Lu-45 Hawk, as opposed to the Lu-05, includes a cockpit ejection system due to popularity of it in Kriegzimmer's custom designs department. The CES works on a single lever, located on the left side of the pilot's seat, away from all other buttons and levers. The lever stimulates the computer to send a message to the mechanics of the cockpit's plexiglass, forcing it to segregate itself from the rest of the aircraft. Immediately afterwards the pilot and the seat are thrown from the aircraft using a relatively simple hydraulics system.

The seat includes a small booster designed to send the seat away from the aircraft and carry the pilot to safety. The landing system depends on two parachutes, one being the main chute, and the other being the secondary chute. Both chutes are rectangular in shape and made of reinforced canvas.

The seat also has two miniscule thrust vectoring mechanisms on the bottom for rudimentary manuevering done by the pilot to control the landing and to evade fire, and such. However, it's not powerful enough to take the pilot far, and is merely to provide the pilot with a safer landing.

For later detection, the seat includes a global positioning system. This would alert the commanding aircraft carrier or airbase to know where the pilot landed, and where to send a rescue team to. The seat also has an extra sidearm underneath in case the pilot looses his first one.

[Sensor Equipment]
The central sensor system [CSS] was designed to take over the confusion of having separate sensor systems, although the Hawk does also include those. Nonetheless, this central sensor system acts like a collective and guides the pilot if the pilot is working in a compressed time space. The system was designed as the Imperial Radio Detection and Ranging Central Nervous System [IRCNS]. IRCNS is a long range, rapid scan, and multi-functional system which is formulated by an antenna that is physically and electrically merged with the airframe, reducing the radar cross section [RCS], and the IRCNS uses a solid-state microwave module, which replaces the wave tube systems of older radars. The electronically scanned array [ESA] has a wider bandwidth, while using less volume and prime power.

The Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) capability of the radar defeats conventional RWR/ESM systems, which means that the Hawk can illuminate an enemy target without that enemy knowing that he was illuminated, working perfectly with the reversible canards. Unlike older designs the IRCNS released low energy pulses over a wide frequency band using a technique called spread spectrum transmission, consequently, because it has lower energy emissions and it doesn’t follow standard emission modules, the Hawk will be harder to detect.

The IRCNS also includes an Inverse Synthetic Aperture radar [ISAR], while allows it to capture an image of a target, and consequently, the pilot can compare that picture with the picture stored on the aircraft’s database. ISAR also helps to create a 3D recreation of the battlefield, which uplinks to the EFIS.

The Hawk includes a bi-static phased array radar on the Albatross’ nose and tail apertures, giving it a three hundred and sixty degree scan, burning through 5th Generation stealth at around three hundred kilometers distance. The bi-static phased array radar needs no physical movement; instead it’s controlled by phase-shifters, which change the degree of the beam within nanoseconds. This system is matched by an infra-red search and track system, (IRST) which uses infra-red technology to track heat signatures for up to one hundred kilometers. The latter system is completely passive.

The Albatross also includes a radar megalith, including an X-band radar, which denotes the Radar’s frequency. This is joined with next generation radar (NEXRAD) which includes a network of small Doppler Radars, and the improved polarimetric RADAR, which adds vertical polarization in order to know what exactly is reflecting the signal back.

This latter radar conglomerate is the secondary sensor version, subordinate to the IRCNS. It is to say, it’s a secondary detection system that can be taken to full advantage by the pilot.

The nose of the aircraft incorporates an active electronically scanned array for passive homing, and a radar warning receiver aerials [RWR]

There’s also a series of LIDAR sensor systems installed throughout the aircraft, including a single down-looking LIDAR system underneath the nose of the Hawk. There are also two wide LIDAR apertures on the front and end of the aircraft, located in hidden pockets to reduce RCS. All three LIDAR systems work similarly, and they all incorporate Luftkrieg’s second generation LIDAR technology. The Hawk’s system is based on a transponder and receiver, beside that of the IFF transponder, which uses a Gaussian transmitter system to transmit LIDAR waves. The Gaussian transmitter is based on two electrical fields sending electrically charged photonic waves to bounce off targets and have active measurements on its velocity and location. The advantage of this LIDAR system is that the active RADAR only needs to gain a location on an object once before the LIDAR can take over, meaning a bomber can turn off its active RADAR to reduce its signature. The Albatross’ LIDAR uses Doppler LIDAR in order to keep track of an object’s velocity, as well as a LIDAR range finder. The missile’s heterodyne-reception optical RADAR uses a standard configuration [transmitter laser > exit optics > atmospheric propagation path > target] and [photodetector > photocurrent processing > image processing / BermCombiner/ local oscillator entrance optics]. The Silencer's transmitter is a Casegrainian telescope, which works much like the photonic mast on an ultra-modern submarine.

[Armament Stores]
The Lu-45 Hawk has four optional external hardpoints capable of carrying five hundred kilograms of armaments to seven hundred kilograms of armament each, depending on its location on the wing. These can be either ignored or used as external fuel tanks for extended ranges, although this would substantially increase RCS. Nonetheless, they are there for uncommon missions and such. There are also four bottom mounted missile bays and two internal hardpoints. All the hardpoints are designed to sustain 6G turns, and can sustain minor shrapnel damage without problems

The Hawks preferably use the Kriegzimmer designed AAM 176 BVRAAM, which is an extremely long range air to air missile, predecessor of the first of such to be designed, as it was first classified as a long range air to air missile, but sustains similar to higher ranges as foreign ELRAAMs, thus it was fitting to change its classification. The Silencer must be bought separately from Kriegzimmer, but the Hawk also can be changed upon export to fit either Warsaw Pact air to air missiles or NATO air to air missiles – however, this must be requested before export, or else the client nation has to change it upon their own accord.

Although not typically used by the Empire, the Hawk can also carry ALARM and HARM missiles, and other air to surface variants, including Kriegzimmer’s MLAM-2 missile, and the joint Guffingfordi/Imperial sledgehammer and shockhound avenger missiles. Again, it can also be changed to carry WP or NATO designated weaponry.

The Hawk also carried two single miniature gatling gun, with a revolving chamber, guided by the IRCNS and the three separate LIDARs. It’s designed to act as a small airborne close-in weapon system, located in internal storage bays in the center of the aircraft, pointing towards opposite direction, offering an almost three hundred and sixty degree range, although there are certain blind spots for the guns. Closer to the nose there is also a larger, but relatively hidden, gatling styled 28mm gun, with a two hundred round magazine of mostly penetration rounds.

[Conclusions]
The Hawk is destined to be a major contestant in future wars, and has guaranteed continued Imperial superiority over at least their own skies. However, one cannot totally disregard foreign designs, and many of them are superior in their own right. More accurately, the decision of which aircraft to buy should be completed after one had fully studied the aircraft and had decided which aircraft is better for one’s own strategy. Of course, the Lu-45 Hawk is meant for a strategy that closely revolves around that of the Empire. Nonetheless, the Lu-45 Hawk is a great purchase for any developing or developed nation; that cannot be undermined.

Statistics:
Type: Air Superiority Fighter
Length: 19.2m
Width: 5.17m
Wingspan: 14.2m
Height: 5.08m
Propulsion: Two Low-bypass LuTJ-2005 Turbofans
Thrust: 40,000lbf
Empty Weight: 14,561kg
Maximum Take-Off Weight: 27,317kg
Maximum Payload: 3,800kg
Combat Range [on internal fuel]: 3,658 kilometers
Operational Ceiling/Altitude: 9,144 meters
Maximum Altitude: 18,288 meters
Optimal Cruising Speed: Subsonic
Cruising Speed: Mach 2.4
Supercruising Speed: Mach 2.8
Maximum Speed: Mach 3.4

Leafanistani UC-16 "Red Eye" Falcon UCAV

UC-16 Red-Eye Falcon

It is unusual that this plane is entirely unmanned. Using the advanced Taps Tactical N.I., it is better than any elite pilot for multiple reasons: it can do everything they can, invent new moves, and take up to 9+ G-forces.

Size:
* Length: 15.52 m
* Height: 4.69 m
* Wingspan: 11.13 m
* Wing area: 34.84 m²
Weight:
* Empty: 9,527 kg
* Normal takeoff: 15,000 kg (?)
* Maximum: 22,100 kg
Speed: Mach 2.3 at altitude
Ceiling: about 18 km.
Range:
* Range: more than 2,000 miles ferry range
Wing loading: 430 kg/m² at weight of 15,000 kg
Armament: 30mm cannon, plus maximum weapon load of 8085 kg:
* AAMs: AIM-9 Sidewinder, AIM-7 Sparrow, Mitsubishi AAM-3
* Air-to-ground weapons include: ASM-1 and ASM-2 anti-ship missiles, various free-fall bombs with CGS-1 IIR seeker heads

Halberdgardian engineers knew they had a formidable weapon on their hands, but they wanted to take the UC-16 to the next level. Multiple improvements were made:
The 30mm cannon was upgraded to a 32mm ETC cannon.
The hardpoints for AAMs and ATGMs were upgraded to accept Sarzonian equivalents, as well as extra fuel tanks and jamming modules.
The RADAR was upgraded to an AESA unit similar to the EARTS featured in the F-150 "Ebonhawk," with a range of 320 kilometers.
The same anti-RADAR-jamming module featured in the F-150 was installed.
The airframe was coated in RAM, and the engines were fitted with IR suppressors, for extra stealth.

Most importantly, however, the designers added a system similar to the EDDS featured on the F-150, to allow instantaneous and secure transmission to, and integration of, combat data by the A.I.s of the UC-16s in a flight, allowing them to adapt to changing tactical scenarios in near-real-time. The result of these upgrades was an improved, vastly deadlier UC-16, a force to be truly reckoned with even by manned opponents.

Incorporated Ordnance Company M-32 "Quinn" Assault Rifle

Background: Designed as a replacement to the venerable M16A2, the M-32 is a copied and modified Doomingslandian M-27A1 rifle, captured during the Restore Sarzonia Task Force terror attacks. The M-32 is based on the XM8 design, and uses 40% compatible parts, making the switch over to this new weapon all the easier. It is made in a lightweight bullpup design to provide maximum accuracy in a smaller length weapon, and succeeds in providing excellent accuracy and reliability.

Operation: The M-32 Quinn Assault Rifle is a gas operated 5.56 mm bullpup assault rifle with a synthetic stock. Like the XM8, the M-32 is capable of switching over to variants, such as the automatic rifle variant, which sports a 50 round drum magazine and heavy 25 inch barrel and bipod; the submachine gun/carbine variant, which uses a shorter, 16 inch barrel; or the marksman version, which uses a 25 inch precision barrel. Another version of the weapon, the M27 Designated Marksman Weapon, is chambered for the 7.62x51 mm NATO round and sports a 10x scope and 20 round magazine, making it an excellent platoon marksman weapons, or even a sniper weapon. The M-32 Personal Defence Weapon (PDW) has a shortened, 12 inch barrel, making for an extremely compact weapon, only 20 inches long, excellent for concealment. The base model is also available with iron sights only, but includes weaver rails for mounting a scope. All models have flash suppressor.

Other features: Accessories for this weapon include bayonet, gun camera, laser sight, flashlight, night vision scope, sound suppressor (silencer), MasterKey under-barrel two round shotgun, and the XM320 40mm grenade launcher.

Specifications

Calibre 5.56 x 45 mm/7.62 x 51 mm NATO
Capacity 20/30/50 rounds
Length 30 inches (base) 26 inches (carbine/SMG) 35 inches (marksman/autorifle) 20 inches (PDW)
Operation Gas
Modes of fire Semi/tri-burst/auto
Weight 5 pounds
Rate of fire 750 rpm
Effective range 600 meters(standard), 450 meters (carbine/SMG), 700 meters (marksman/autorifle), 850 meters (Designated Marksman Weapon), 400 meters (PDW)
Cost per unit $800 (iron sights) / $1,200 (scoped) / $1,500 for Designated Marksman Weapon.

[OOC: In the interest of giving credit where credit is due, Doomingsland designed this rifle for me based on what I was looking for in a standard assault rifle.]

Tyrandis Precision Machine Import/Export Corporation TSF-620A/B "Xeon" Air Superiority Fighter

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/TSF-620_Xeon_inflight.jpg

'Twas noontide of summer,
And mid-time of night;
And stars, in their orbits,
Shone pale, thro' the light
Of the brighter, cold moon,
'Mid planets her slaves,
Herself in the Heavens,
Her beam on the waves.
I gazed awhile
On her cold smile;
Too cold- too cold for me-
There pass'd, as a shroud,
A fleecy cloud,
And I turned away to thee,
Proud Evening Star,
In thy glory afar,
And dearer thy beam shall be;
For joy to my heart
Is the proud part
Thou bearest in Heaven at night,
And more I admire
Thy distant fire,
Than that colder, lowly light.

- Edgar Allan Poe, Evening Star

TSF-620 "Xeon" Air Superiority Fighter

Abstract:

With the development and subsequent release of the TSF-616 Eidolon on May 1, 2005, the Militant Imperium found herself in possession of one of the finest fighter aircraft ever developed. Swift, stealthy, and absolutely perfect in her intended role of air superiority, the Eidolon was a smashing success, giving Tyrandis a superior aircraft to virtually all of her enemies. However, within several years, a number of challengers arose from a variety of nations, threatening the absolute supremacy of Tyrandisan aerial power.

As a result, the aerospace engineers at Tyrandis Precision Machine Import/Export Corporation, formerly known as Kotoko Aircraft Corp., were forced to develop a successor aircraft to the TSF-616 within a third of its estimated operational lifespan. With lavish funding from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Administration, TPMI/EC began Project: Evening Star, whose final product was the TSF-620, code-named "Xeon".

TSF-620 represents the absolute bleeding-edge in aerial warfare technology today. Incorporating a refined avionics suite, an airframe capable of executing the most extreme of manuvers, and a superior weapons payload, Xeon is a quantum leap in performance from the previous-generation Eidolon fighters.

General Data:

Contractor: TPMI/EC

Function: Advanced Air Superiority Fighter

Personnel: 1 (Pilot)

Systems/Avionics:

The TSF-620 Xeon is the first Tyrandisan aircraft to use the advanced Peregrine-II avionics architecture. The package can be split up into three parts: The MMS-8 Mission Management Suite, the SMS-3 Sensor Management Suite, and the VMS-11 Vehicle Management Suite, which are connected by a 2.5 GHz high-speed fiber optic bus, although the VMS-11 has its own bus for aircraft control.

The Peregrine-II architecture is manufactured in a full-custom ASIC design, utilizing Quasi-Delay Insensitive integrated circuits, which is a robust, asynchronous circuit that provides several major benefits as compared to traditional versions (circuits governed by an internal clock); these include early completion of circuits when it is known that the inputs which have not yet arrived are irrelevant, lower power consumption because transistors do not work unless performing useful computations, superior modularity and composability, adaptable circuit speed based on temperature and voltage conditions (synchronous chips are locked in at optimal clock speed for worst-case conditions), easier manufacturing processes due to lack of transistor-to-transistor variability, and less produced Electro-Magnetic Interference (Synchronous circuits create enormous amounts of EMI at frequency bands near clock frequencies). The entire avionics suite is driven by a Central Integrated Processor [CIP], which is a supercomputer built into the airframe. Because the integrated circuits operate under Quasi-Delay Insensitive logic, signals and instructions are processed near-instantaeneously, without consideration for the restraints of a clock circuit.

MMS-8 - This subsystem of the Peregrine-II is composed of the terrain/navigation suite, fire-control, munitions management and Electronic Warfare equipment.

NGTRS-2 - Terrain Reference System, which relies on careful measurement of the terrain profile passing beneath the aircraft with a RADAR altimeter and comparison with digitally-stored geographic data. The primary advantage to using a TR system is that a standard TF (terrain-following) navigation scheme will alert enemy Electronic Survelliance Measures far sooner, due to the RADAR beam's direction. On the other hand, the TSF-620's TRN's altimeter has an extremely narrow beam width whose energy is directed downwards, rendering virtually all ESM measures impotent.

NTTC-92 - Target track component of the MMS-8. Capable of hunting in excess of 200 independent signatures, the system identifies the target's headings based on data transferred from the Peregrine-II's SMS, then relays the information to the MMS-8.

NPRC-4 - Target attack component of the MMS-8. The NTTC's datastream is relayed to the NPRC, which then relays the information to the Xeon's weapons systems for firing solutions. Capable of marking fifty-six different targets at one time, and simultaeneously attacking up to eight, the NPRC-4 is the heart of the fighter's extensive fire control systems.

ASPIS-4 - Integrated Electronic Warfare System of the Xeon series, which consists of the NLR-41 threat warning system, NRV-27 RF jammer, and XC-80 chaff/flare dispenser. The system provides a fully integrated solution to the active and passive electronic warfare (EW) suite requirements of the Xeon and has flexibility for future development. The ASPIS is comprised of two major subsystems: a passive receiver, capable of detecting Low Probability of Interception signals, and an active jammer. Also, an autonomous processor in ASPIS governs the operations of Xeon's various active stealth systems. The XC-80 dispenser is programmed to deploy multi-spectral expendable chaff/flares only in the direction of the threat, improving Xeon's ability to defend against both RADAR and IR guided weapons.

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SMS-3 - This subsystem of the Peregrine-II combines the TSF-620 Xeon's RADAR, IRST, integrated signal processing, encrypted data, communications, and the Joint Tactical Information Distribution System interface, allocating the fighter's processor power to the sensor subsystems as required.

AN/PSI-6 - RADAR for the TSF-620, which is an Active Electronically Scanned Array system, mounted in the aircraft's nose and a tail housing, with sufficient Moving Target Indicator capability to burn through 5th Generation stealth (F-22 level) at up to 280 kilometers. The AN/PSI-6's transmitter and receiver functions are composed of 3,250 individual transmit/receive (T/R) modules that each scan a small fixed area, negating the need for a moving antenna, which further decreases ESM detection probabilities as well as aircraft volume issues. Each of the T/R modules is composed of four MMIC chips - a drive amplifier, digital phase shifter, and low-noise amplifier, and a RF power amplifier. To protect the antenna from detection by hostile ESM systems, it is mounted in a bandpass radome, transparent only to the band of frequencies used by the AN/PSI-6. When it is not in use, suitable electrical impulses turn the bandpass characteristic off, making it totally opaque. The RADAR's elimination of hydraulics for antenna movements and distribution of transmission functions into the T/R modules alleiviates logistical concerns. The AN/PSI-6 is a No Probability of Interception system, meaning that the waveforms of the RADAR have a much longer pulse and lower amplitude, as well as a narrower beam and virtually no sidelobe radiation. The result of this waveform modification is that the AN/PSI-6 is virtually undetectable by enemy ESM receivers.

AN/RSI-1 - Inverse Synthetic Apeture RADAR of the TSF-620 Xeon, which processes the Doppler shift resulting from target motion as a means of improving RADAR resolution. Thanks to shared components with the AN/PSI-6, the AN/RSI-1 is highly compact, and adds less than 30 lbs to the fighter's weight. By measuring the much larger Doppler shifts created by the Xeon's own movement and the target's changes in attitudes, the AN/RSI-1 is able to extract the Doppler effects due to pitch, yaw, and roll of the different parts of the target aircraft, processing these to obtain a clear physical profile.

NISTC-66 - Infared Search and Track System, which scans for any and all heat signatures within a 100 km radius from the aircraft, and is mounted in a small pod in front of the aircraft canopy. When a target is discovered, the data is fed to the SMS-3, which then relays the information to the MMS-8's IR guided weapons (generally the TSM-1 "Falcon" XSRAAM). Also, cueing signals are relayed to the pilot's helmet. From there, the munition is guided to the missile based on its own seeker or the pilot can initiate a Command Datalink manual update.

NSRE-5 - Laser-Optical sensor, mounted underneath the aircraft's nose in a small pod. The NSRE-5 is a full EO package that uses a ytterbium-doped fiber optic laser to scan a 8x8 degree sector in front of the aircraft. Capability-wise, it can find a one centimeter cable at a range of two kilometers, even in poor weather conditions, increasing onboard weapons accuracy.

ICNIA - Integrated Communication Navigation Identification Avionics suite, which combines the functions of current communications equipment, such as HF SSB (High Frequency-Single Side Band), VHF/UHF, SINCGARS, Have Quick, EJS, JTIDS, various navigational aids and transponder/interrogator facilities compatible with NATO-standard IFF systems. Based on common digital and RF processing modules built up from asynchronous logic circuits, the system allows for all these functions to be seamlessly built into just one package. It also takes up half the volume and weight of the aforementioned equipment. The Central Integrated Processor filters much of the information being passed to the pilot, presenting him with only data necessary for the phase for the mission currently being flown, to prevent information overload (optional manual override).

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VMS-10 - The Vehicle Management Suite is responsible for cockpit controls and displays, flight and manuver control, and engine/power control.

NACS Mk. II - Aircraft control system, composed of an advanced Fly-By-Light scheme that is made up of fiber-optic cables just nanometers thick. The NACS gives the TSF-620 far superior agility and manuverability to any legacy fly-by-wire system, thanks to the improved signal transfer speed that light offers. Furthermore, the NACS Mk. II renders the aircraft virtually immune to electro-magnetic interference, a problem that plagued FBW aircraft such as the GR.Mk.1 Tornado in service with Great Britain. The system binds all of the aeroelastic control surfaces and canards together, giving the Kestrel's pilot an aircraft capable of outmanuvering virtually any aircraft in the world.

AVLO "Chameleon" Smart Skin - This is a visual camouflage system that is meshed with the exterior carbon skin. Through use of a number of minature photo-receptors that are mounted throughout the aircraft, the AVLO first takes in the overall color that surrounds the aircraft and processes it. It then transfers this data to the fiber-optics that are embedded in the aircraft's skin, which is manipulated by a separate computer. The AVLO then changes the color of these light-sensitive diodes to match the TSF-620's surroundings, rendering the aircraft virtually invisible against any neutral background (sky, ocean).

---

Stealth:

The TSF-620 Xeon employs technologies to significantly reduce RADAR Cross Section (RCS), infrared signature, electromagnetic signature, visual signature and aural signature. RCS reduction represents the paramount feature considered in TPMI/EC's design. To reduce RCS, the TSF-620 employs a geometrically based radar dispersing configuration. Developed utilizing computational RCS modeling using Brewster's Angle, this configuration uses facets approximated by curvelinear, polynomial sections intended to reflect RF energy away from hostile receiver sets. Ultimate RCS reduction for the Xeon, however, is dependent upon a combination of bandpass external skins, internal shaping and the implementation of the NCPCAS-12 Active Stealth System.

NCPCAS-12 Active Stealth System

Between the external bandpass skins and the internal graphite hull backed by an alloy geodetic structure is a cavity. Within this cavity a low temperature plasma is achieved. This plasma, as manipulated by the TSF-620’s ASPIS integrated electronic warfare system, provides an unparalleled level of active stealth technology whereby incoming RADAR energy is substantially disrupted such that return signal is reduced to undetectable levels or chaotic, undecipherable signals. Rather than rely solely upon external shaping, the TSF-620's stealth technology adapts to frequency and bandwidth, allowing maximum low observance performance against all air-to-air and ground based RADAR types alike.

Reduction of IR emissions is achieved through the use of a dedicated engine bay cooling/IR signature reduction system, integrated in the twin TC-250-PW-60 hybrid turbofan engines. This contains a liquid nitrogen coolant, which is injected into a cavity between the internal and external walls of the Xeon's powerplant.

Aural signature is reduced in part through the NCPCAS-12. For enhanced aural signature reduction, the TSF-620 Xeon Air Superiority Fighter features Active Frequency Damping (AFD) and comparable active noise control systems. Visual signature is reduced through a chloro-flurosulphonic acid that is injected into the exhaust gases of the Xeon's powerplant, eliminating engine vapor contrails.

Cockpit:

Purchased from the Luftkrieg Aerospace Industries, the TSF-620's cockpit electronics/systems are an adapted version of the one used by the MMA-A3 Falcon Air Superiority Fighter.

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The GEC-built Head-Up Display (HUD) offers a wide field of view (30 degrees horizontally by 25 degrees vertically) and serves as a primary flight instrument for the pilot.

There are six liquid crystal display (LCD) panels in the cockpit. These present information in full color and are fully readable in direct sunlight. LCDs offer lower weight and less size than the cathode ray tube (CRT) displays used in most current aircraft. The lower power requirements also provide a reliability improvement over CRTs. The two Up-Front Displays (UFDs) measure 3"x4" in size and are located to the left and right of the control panel.

The Integrated Control Panel (ICP) is the primary means for manual pilot data entry for communications, navigation, and autopilot data. Located under the glareshield and HUD in center top of the instrument panel, this keypad entry system also has some double click functions, much like a computer mouse for rapid pilot access/use.

The Primary Multi-Function Display (PMFD) is a 8"x8" color display that is located in the middle of the instrument panel, under the ICP. It is the pilot’s principal display for aircraft navigation (including showing waypoints and route of flight) and Situation Assessment (SA) or a "God's-eye view" of the entire environment around (above, below, both sides, front and back) the aircraft.

Three Secondary Multi-Function Displays (SMFDs) are all 6.25" x 6.25" and two of them are located on either side of the PMFD on the instrument panel with the third underneath the PMFD between the pilot's knees. These are used for displaying tactical (both offensive and defensive) information as well as non-tactical information (such as checklists, subsystem status, engine thrust output, and stores management).

Features:

2 task-switching MFDs
Multi-node RADAR indication panel
Octo-functional HUD synchronized with MFD and helmet targeting
GPS synchronization panel
Topographic orientation TRV systems
Autopilot TRV/NRT based systems
JTIDs/A50 airborne intelligence/global targeting, guidance systems.
APEX 345 ejection seat, synchronized with primary turbine failures.

Canopy:

The canopy is manufactured of an advanced polycarbonate, backed by a rubber insulation layer and a thin strip of an indium-tin alloy. It is designed to provide pilots maximum protection against birdstrike and hostile fire. Traditionally, the cockpit has been the most problematic area for advanced stealth designers; because RADAR waves passes through the canopy as if it were transparent, an especially strong signal will bounce back to its receiver because any aircraft interior contains angles and shape that generate a substantial return. The InSn coating allows over 98.5% of visible light to pass through to the pilot, but will appear on RADAR as a semi-metallic surface, thus further reducing the TSF-620's already microscopic RCS.

Airframe:

TSF-620 in retracted-wing configuration (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/TSF-620_Xeon_retractedwings.jpg)
TSF-620 in extended-wing configuration (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/TSF-620_Xeon_extendedwings.jpg)

Taking lessons from its experience on the Eidolon project, the TSF-620 "Xeon"'s builders constructed the fighter's airframe to maximize low-observability and combat performance.

The design of the TSF-620 Xeon is a canard delta, built in a variable-swept configuration, similar to the previous generation of Tyrandisan military aviation. Aircraft with an FSW are in an aerodynamically unstable situation, allowing them unimpeded freedom of manuverability. As a result of this design choice, the fighter exhibits lower drag and lower stall speeds, as well as vastly improved performance at high angles of attack compared to conventional fighters. However, this benefit comes with a price, namely that of control difficulties, as well as extreme drag at speeds over Mach 1.7. TSF-620 resolves the problem with fly-by-light controls, a development on the old copper-wire systems that NASA's X-29 FSW technology demonstrator used in its trials. Furthermore, the wings are equipped with a sweeping mechanism, allowing the fighter the best of both worlds; high speed dash when the wings are tucked into the fuselage, and low speed agility when extended.

The TSF-620's frame is manufactured for maximum resistance to wear and tear. It is built of primarily of high-strength, low-weight Ti-1100 alloy, to which a TPMI/EC proprietary material is bonded to, known as RADAR Absorbent Structure. RAS is constructed of honeycombed Kevlar sections, treated with a proprietary glaze based on carbon, and then bonded to polyethylene/carbon fiber skins on its front and back, creating a rigid panel. The honeycombs are three centimeters in length, and incoming RADAR waves are absorbed by them. These panels are bonded to the airframe and placed externally wherever possible. Testing of the RAS indicated that the material could dependably absorb or at least weaken RADAR returns of all frequencies higher than 10 MHz. A graphite-epoxy and metal matrix composite (silicon carbide whiskers embedded in an aluminum matrix) is stretched across this skeleton.

Each of the advanced wings consists of two Ti-1100 titanium and one Elgiloy cobalt-chromium-nickel alloy spar, fifteen titanium ribs, and multiple Titanium Oxide stringers. Titanium aluminide plates are mated to the spar/rib structure, forming a fuel tank for the TSF-616. Wing and fuselage skins are composed of a combination of graphite epoxy and reinforced carbon-carbon. Wing leading and trailing edges are reinforced carbon-carbon mated with titanium. Each wing is equipped with full span leading edge slats and trailing edge, double-slotted Fowler Flaps for lift augmentation. Maximum trailing edge flap deflection is 60º. Leading and trailing edge flaps are controlled by the NACS Mk. II Aircraft Control System fiber optic signals. The wing is equipped with 0.20c flapperons for subsonic roll.

The tail stabilizers are deliberately canted off-center to prevent formation of dihedral reflectors, an extremely radar-reflective surface produced whenever two metallic surfaces are positioned at 90 degrees to each other. They are a multispar, multirib structure construced of Ti-1100 alloy with a reinforced carbon-carbon skin. Finally, the tail structure also serves to dissipate IR signature when viewed from behind, restricting tailpipe visibility to near-zero when evasive manuvers begin by TSF-620 Xeon pilots.

An advanced RADAR absorbent material known as "Salt Ball" is applied to the aircraft whereever possible, in which Schiff base salts are binded to a classified chemical compound, which is then attached to the fighter's airframe. The SBS class of materials exhibits RF energy-absorption characteristics superior to previous-generation ferrite-based absorbers, and weigh 90% less as well. Chemically modified, "Salt Ball" is able to absorb RF frequencies of the range 3-6MHz, the same band used by most Over-the-Horizon RADAR emplacements. As a result, the TSF-620 Xeon is invisible to OTH, making it one of the most difficult-to-detect aircraft ever developed.

Powerplant:

2x Tyrandis Engineering TC-250-PW-60N Pulse-Detonation turbofan hybrids, adapted from the TSF-28D Seraph Air Superiority Fighter, providing sum of 99,250 lbs thrust to the aircraft, with 360 degree thrust vectoring from +60 degrees through -60 degrees. The engines have been upgraded with advanced thermal gel coating, which uses a Ni-Al-Pt superalloy. This allows the engines to resist the enormous heat generated by the detonation sequence better, improving aircraft endurance and engine life.

Dimensions:

Height: 6.0m
Wingspan: [varies]
Length: 28.2m

Weights:

Empty: 23,500 lbs
Standard: 42,240 lbs
Max: 62,500 lbs

Ceiling:

70,000+ ft above sea level

Maximum Speed:

Mach 2.6 on supercruise, Mach 3.55 on full afterburners.

Armament:

8x Interchangable weapons hardpoints mounted in an internal bay, optimized for AAMs

4x IR-guided AAMs mounted in side bay doors

Divine Thunder

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The TCIAM-2 Divine Thunder is a 27mm cannon used by all Tyrandisan aircraft. Based off a Mauser-style configuration, the gun has an extremely high rate of fire and range, thanks to the advanced construction of its ammunition. Divine Thunder uses a projectile that is surrounded with a high density molded propellant charge, enclosing the assembly in a cylindrical titanium case. When the round is fired, a small charge located immediately behind the cannon round accelerates it into the TCIAM-2's barrel before the main charge ignites. The result of this unorthodox firing approach is a gun with a muzzle velocity of over 4,100 ft/sec, as compared to the M61A1's performance of 3,500 ft/sec. Divine Thunder's guidance is based off the datastream from the MMS-8 and independently operated by the aircraft itself, although a pilot can manually override the system if so desired.

Variants:

TSF-620A - Standard version
TSF-620B - Navalized version for operation from aircraft carriers

Images:

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TSF-620 Xeons flying Combat Air Patrols

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TSF-620 undergoing AVLO visibility reduction process

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Xeon guarding a Tyrandisan AWACS during exercises

Kriegzimmer Naval Ordnance

The Principe III

The Principe III is a missile launched torpedo which is fired out of a VLT system, meaning it can be used on a submarine, or on a surface ship. The Principe III was the answer to the MSCIWS problem which was rendering Macabee surface strike anti-shipping missiles worthless, and it provided the Macabee military with a powerful weapon of destruction.

The Principe III uses a conventional engine, with a conventional jet turbine, propelling it at a measly Mach 2.1. However, this lower velocity also allows it to maneuver in the face of enemy surface to air missiles, which may be sent to counter the Principe III at longer ranges, allowing the Principe III to most likely surface massive barrages of long range anti-missile SAMs. In addition, the turbine is coated by the THYMONEL 8 superalloy which is used a lot in Macabee missiles to protected against hydrogen embrittlement (HEE), as well as over heating, giving the Principe III an extremely long range (five hundred kilometers; meaning five hundred seventy total, taking in mind that it drops the torpedo at around 70 kilometers from the enemy fleet). THYMONEL 8 was a NiFe superalloy mixed by the United States military for its jet turbines (NiFe is Nickel Based Iron Formula superalloy).

The Principe III jet turbine propells the missile capsule, which is much like a bouyancy capsule, however, instead is slimmer, and built to deal with air friction, and the augmented velocities. At around seventy kilometers distance the Principe III missile capsule, using RADAR and LIDAR to compute distance, as well as sattelite coordination if their are sattelites present, and the missile capsule breaks releasing an MT-2 torpedo into the water. However, this requires the Principe III to slow down to around 120 kilometers per hour. To decrease speed without allowing the enemy a greater time period to shoot it down, the Principe III has a very advanced jamming system, which jams enemy RADAR, giving it ample time to close the distance, break, and drop the MT-2.

The MT-2 is a SuperCavitating torpedo, which runs at a normal 70 knots for fifty of the seventy kilometers, and then makes turns for 200 knots at 20 kilometers distance. To handle the increasing ten kilometers in range the screw and propellant of the MT-2 is made of a NiAl based superalloy (Nickel based Alumina Formula superalloy).

The Principe III offers the next generation of anti-shipping missiles.

Shockhound Avenger I Air-to-Ship/Surface-to-Ship Missile

A Joint Guffingford-Macabee Project

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Length: 7 m
Diameter: 90 cm
Wingspan: .9m
Weight: 1900kg
Range: 450km
Speed: Mach 3.5

Warhead: Main explosive body - 400kg OctaNitroCubane; eight 20kg thermite explosive "wings". Armor piercing.

Guidance: Inertial with GPS and optionally TERCOMP, CELLDAR, limited command post RADAR steering. The variant also has an attached minimized Gaussian LIDAR transmitter for infra-red LIDAR operations.

Propulsion: Reichs Metalwerken AXIS RAMjet fuel and hydrogen injection propulsion.

Documentation on the external MIRV system:
In the tip of the missile several high tech laser systems have been implemented measuring the current velocity, altitude, longitude and latitude. This information if directly sent to a CELLDAR satellite providing a tracking command station with an up-to-the-minute datafeed about the missiles trajectory. The whole course is monitored and can be adjusted if needed. Roughly fifty meters before impact on a ship, eight seperate external MIRV charges (thermite or chemical) will be blasted out by a central hydraulical system creating a circle of explosives hitting the target at a maximum speed of Mach six. These fragments detonate on impact.

The remaining part of the missile penetrates the hull, due to the use of either tungsten or alpha-grade uranium as a tip (50mm in length, at basis 30mm wide). Upon entering the target, the main explosive core will detonate.

Sledgehammer Anti-Dreadnought Missile
A Joint Guffingford-Macabee project

Overview
Chance is everything and so is improvement. With all the dreadnaughts floating around on the high seas, the only possible antidote against them was either hoping your Tungsten rods hit the ship, a nuclear weapon exploding under the hull, or an ICBM strike. Today, all these barbaric measures are a thing of the past with the joint Guffingford-Macabee project we call the Sledgehammer. Velocity is the most important factor to make a missile successful, but trajectory is often neglected by designers. Normally a missile is, roughly, propulsion, explosive charge and penetration tip. Normally, that is sufficient to destroy destroyers, cruisers etc. But a superdreadnaught like Praetonia's Freedom class is a different matter. Due to the multiple layers of armour, cracking this shell is a tough one. But what if you redesign an ordinary ICBM, relocate the explosive charge and take away all systems from the tip placing them closer to the engine. So what do we have?

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/Sledgehammer.jpg
Main explosive body
RAMjet propulsion
Uranium tip

Dimensions

Length: 9m
Diameter: 110cm
Wingspan: 1.2m
Weight: 2200kg

Range, speed & armament

Range: 390km
Speed: Mach 3.3 cruise speed; Mach 6.5 terminal velocity
Warhead: Main explosive body -- 500kg OctaNitroCubane; ten 20-kg thermite MIRVS embedded into the main explosive core

Guidance & features

Guidance: Inertial with GPS and optionally TERCOMP, CELLDAR, limited command post RADAR steering. The variant also has an attached minimized Gaussian LIDAR transmitter for infra-red LIDAR operations.

Propulsion: Lancaster & Blair RAMjet fuel and hydrogen injection propulsion. A special alcohol/ethanol reserve is stored in front of the engine, to give the engine one final boost before penetrating the ship's armour.

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/Sledgehammer_parabola.jpg

On this graph you can see the perfect parabolic path of the missile. Once the missile reaches the highest point in flight, gravity combined with the hydrogen injection gives the missile a terminal velocity of mach 6.5. Because of this extreme velocity, and the fact the missile spirals down in a controlled fashion, hitting this proves to be extremely difficult. In the last 3 seconds before impact the spiralling stops and the last reseve of ethanol is injected into the engine along with the last bits of hydrogen to give the missile an even greater penetration effect. If the missile is fired in the most ideal circumstances a penetration angle of 88.6° can be achieved! Under normal circumstances an angle of 86° or even 85° is good enough to cause major damage. This means it goes virtually straight down, punching through the layers of armour. The solid tip of the missile is made of solid tungsten molten under the highest temperature, minimizing the amount of structural faults in the tip. The small orange section is alpha grade uranium (U235) to let the missile slice through the layers of hardened steel and titanium. Once inside the ship the missile can either be detonated by the onboard computer or manually. But the best feature is the explosive core behind the RAMjet propulsion. Some might say, the heat of the exhaust pipe is too much for the missile. We thought of that, and several layers of pressed titanium interwoven with high temperature resistant materials. The engine itself also has several heat outlets, but all the force goes through the exhaust pipes, 8 in total. The explosive body is heat-resistant by nature, but a single layer of SNAS - 24mm, cooled down prior to launch with plenty of ice and liquid nitrogen also add to the cooling.

Normally all the explosive energy is spread in all directions, but in this missile all the energy is focussed on one point: behind the missile. Because the missile penetrates the hull, the explosive energy has only a few ways to go, the way of the least resistance is behind the missile; the path of entry. Once the main explosive core detonates, 10 smaller clusters are also blasted away, causing even more havoc. Though one missile will do squat against such a large thing as a carrier or a superdreadnaught, a few of these will do a significant amount of damage. Shooting these things down is near to impossible due to their spiralling path down, and the terminal velocity.

Av.36 Hammerhead MADCAP Heavy Weight Torpedo

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Description: The Hammerhead is a Most Advanced CAPabilities heavy weight torpedo designed to outpreform both the Mk48 and the Spearfish, and to provide the Krierarmada with a torpedo to give it the power to engage the designs of the world with similarly powerful torpedoes. The Hammerhead includes a series of upgrades over the MT-3 Torpedo which makes it faster, more accurate, and overall more effective than its predecessor. The Av.36 incorporates two major sensor system, the Common Broadband Advanced Sonar System [CBASS] and the High Resolution Torpedo Array [HRTA]. The CBASS system is expected to give extended preformance to the torpedo's sonar array, including extended range and improved accuracy, while the HRTA is an ultra-modern sensor array composed of fiber optic data feed and a combination of acoustic feed. This will make the torpedo dynamic, meaning it will change in quick situations, and the torpedo can act as a fire and forget missile, although it does have wire guidance. Although the torpedo has a wake its water ramjet engine also makes it extremely silent, and extremely fast at the same time. This gives the Hammerhead a Low Probability of Intercept [LPI] and a Low Probability of Recognition [LPR].
Torpedo Warhead: The Av. 36 has a multi-mode detonation 295kg warhead, offering a bulk charge and a direction explosion improving the lethality of the warhead
Length: 8 meters
Diameter: .55 meters
Weight: 1702.9 kilograms
Propulsion: Water Ramjet
Range: 50 Nautical Miles
Velocity: 90 knots
Depth: 914 meters

Av.17 'Tiburon' Light Weight Torpedo

Description: The Tiburon is the new generation Light Weight torpedo courtesy of the Kriegzimmer Conglomerate offering a lighter sister design to the Hammerhead. It will also have the advantage of being quieter, although it will suffer some in the area of maximum velocity. Nonetheless, it's equipped with a similar and yet powerful sensor array including a Common Broadband Advance Sonar System and a blue-green foward and side looking ladar system, all of which is tied in through fiberobtic datafeed. The Tiburon, like late Russian torpedoes, can also home on the submarine's wake, making it a lot less dependent on its sensor system as other torpedoes are. The Tiburon also has a low probability of recognition and low probability of intercept, which is even greater than that on the Hammerhead. It should also prove to be quite useful for use on LAMPS, the primary user, as well as on aircraft.
Torpedo Warhead: 56kg
Length: 4.3
Diameter: .32
Weight: 354kg
Propulsion: Intergrated Motor Propulsion [IMP] electric engine
Range: 30nm
Velocity: 40 knots
Depth: 650m

Av.93 'Calisto' Super Cavitation Torpedo

Description: The Calisto is the new generation supercavitational torpedo used by the Kriegarmada, designed to be fired from VLS tubes, saving the Kriegarmada from the cost of refitting the entire submarine fleet. The torpedo itself is coned shaped like the Shkval and is released in a long cylindrical tube. The tube is designed for the top of break off and float to the surface and to be lined with two rails and a 300 volt battery in the back replacing a 'motor'. These two rails release the Calisto electromagnetically putting it into the water at 3 knots allowing the Calisto to successfully ignite the engine which is a aluminum burning water ramjet. It can also be fired from a conventional torpedo tube, just like the Shkval; but the inventine VLS tube comes in handy when the SSN is carrying both Av.36s and Av.93.
Warhead: 201 kgs.
Length: 9 meters
Diameter: .55 meters
Weight: 2572.4 kilograms
Propulsion: Water Ramjet
Range: 10 Nautical Miles
Velocity: 200 knots
Depth: 400 meters

Tenerife-class SSH

[Tenerife class SSH]

[Out of Character Background]
This is the first design I've undertaken on paper before transferring all of the information to the computer. It is to say, it's the first design in which I drew specific parts and I actually explained and computed certain charactiristics of the submarine, and of course many of the things are mathimatically tested, although unfortunately I can't show all of the math on here. It also is, most likely, a piece in which I spent the most time researching specific technologies and designs.

Consequently, I've decided to include a bibliography at the end with a list of written sources. I've attented to, as well, as a list of oral testimonials. Hopefully, this bibliography will give the Tenerife a bit more justification, and, perhaps, it will underscore the two months time I put into the design.

The design took me from my more permanent home of San Diego, where for the past two years, through Physics and enginnering, I slowly developeed my knowledge of weapons, which is still severely limited, and then to central Spain, including Madrid, and El Provencio, where I was opened to my uncle's vast collection of books concerning submarines, as well as the National Museum of the Armada. Maybe the Tenerife will go down as the most international design of NationStates.

Because of the fact that this was done largely through my own assumptions, designs and calculations there is a huge possibility that the Tenerife has some errors. Consequently, I invite anybody to nitpick at me. In the end, it is only improvement of the design.

-Jon

[Abstract]
The Tenerife was the response of the Empire to the evolution of naval strategy. The latter has seen a change from the supremacy of surface combat groups to that of submerged combat groups. It is to say, in modern naval battles we've seen that the submarine has been the most influential variable, considering the conclusions of most battles. Then, following the game of cat and mouse, armaments and counter-armaments, Kriegzimmer has introduced the new class of submarine - the hunter; the first of these will be the Tenerife.

Not only that, but the Tenerife is the first submarine in the service of the Kriegsmarine that is one hundred percent produced in the Empire, by domestic companies. It is sure to say that the Tenerife is the glory of the Kriegsmarine and of the Empire in general.

[Hull Design and Construction]
The hull of the submarine doesn't follow standard procedures of modern sbumarines, the teardrop shape. Instead, the Tenerife takes on the shape of a pure cigar, which was originally attempted by the Soviet Union twenty years ago, in its Alfa class SSNs and Papa class SSBNs. The pure cigar has proved to have the capability of higher velocities as opposed to a standard cigar or a tear drop shape hull. The Tenerife itself has been tested to reach the maximum velocity of forty-three knots, one more than the Alfa class submarine.

The frame of the Tenerife class SSN is fully made of titanium, amongst the strongest conventional metals known to man. Although rather expensive, it does allow to extend the much important crush depth needed for modern submarines. Furthermore, it gives the hull a greater tensile strength, and should be able to survive up to, and perhaps more than, two standard ADCAP [MK 48] torpedoes.

The hull is constructed of a composite material, designed by Imperial engineers. Namely, a polymer material [or plastic material] is weaved around a matrix, giving it additional strength for resistance. The polymer is also reinforced with titanium and steel strands, as well as the ceramics found in chobham and cermat. Furthermore, there are also strands of depleted uranium and vanadium, giving the hull a strength proportional to that of a surface ship. There are also several bulkheads and a host of NBC protection agents, in order to defend from chemical to nuclear attacks in the submarine layer.

The hull and frame gives the Tenerife class SSH an outstanding crush depth of 2.5 kilometers under perfect circumstances. The hull also incorporates ROR-CHO composite technology developed by BFGoodrich which give the submarine and its sonar windows awesome acoustical performance, while keeping structural integrity.

Moreover, the hull and screws are pocketed by Super Flow cavitation absorbers. SuperFlow power absorbers use forged stainless steel shafts, which have internal hubs for attachment of the impeller. The attachment point to the hub is part of the forging, not a keyway or serration. The stainless steel forged shafts, used in the dynamometers currently available on SF-901s, have not experienced a single failure in their current configurations, going back a number of years. The SuperFlow absorber design uses a rounded pocket which is considerably more efficient at transferring torque, while reducing the shock effect of the water moving from the rotor to the stator. As a consequence, the rotor is smaller in diameter and contains much less volume for rapid response. The area exposed to the water is less, and many of these units have been in operation more than 15 years at this time. The SuperFlow dynamometers are used extensively for endurance testing, and customers report accumulating more than 10,000 hours on the absorbers. SuperFlow’s durability is proven by many years of in-field use.
Finally, the hull is layered with a thin strip of gaucho, a black rubbery substance designed to absorb active sound waves, as well as anechoic tiling.

[Propulsion]
The Tenerife class SSH is driven by a single Baldur pebble bed nuclear reactor. The Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR) is a new type of high temperature helium gas-cooled nuclear reactor, which builds and advances on world-wide nuclear operators' experience of older reactor designs. The most remarkable feature of these reactors is that they use attributes inherent in and natural to the processes of nuclear energy generation to enhance safety features. More importantly, it is also a practical and cost-effective solution to most of the logistics of generating electricity.

http://www.eskom.co.za/nuclear_energy/pebble_bed/image1_2.gif

To protect the reactor there are several infra-red detection devices around the uranium core, and at a note from a pressure sensor, either made by water or a man made collision, the Baldur nuclear reactor is automatically shut off, save for the coolant flow.

http://www.eskom.co.za/nuclear_energy/pebble_bed/coated_part.gif

The nature of the chain reaction that takes place in the PBMR is exactly the same as the one that takes place at Koeberg. (Refer to Koeberg experience - Fuel )

The fuel used in a PBMR consists of "spheres" which are designed in such a way that they contain their radioactivity. The PBMR fuel is based on proven high quality fuel used in Germany.

Each sphere is about the size of a tennis ball and consists of an outer graphite matrix (covering) and an inner fuel zone The fuel zone of a single sphere can contain up to 15 000 "particles". Each particle is coated with a special barrier coating, which ensures that radioactivity is kept locked inside the particle. One of the barriers,the silicon carbide barrier, is so dense that no gaseous or metallic radioactive products can escape. (it retains its density up to temperatures of over 1 700 degrees Celsius). The reactor is loaded with over 440 000 spheres - three quarters of which are fuel spheres and one quarter graphite spheres - at any one time. Fuel spheres are continually being added to the core from the top and removed from the bottom. The removed spheres are measured to see if all the uranium has been used. If it has, the sphere is sent to the spent fuel storage system, and if not, it is reloaded in the core. An average fuel sphere will pass through the core about 10 times before being discharged. the graphite spheres are always re-used. The graphite spheres are used as a moderator. They absorb and reduce the energy of the neutrons so that these can reach the right energy level needed to sustain the chain reaction.

[Saturn SONAR Megalith]
AN/BQQ-5 Sonar
AN/BQQ-5 bow-mounted spherical array sonar acoustic system is deployed on SSN 637 and SSN 501 attack submarine classes. This low frequency passive and active search and attack sonar is supplied by IBM. The AN/BQQ-5E sonar with the TB-29 towed array and Combat Control System (CCS) Mk 2, known collectively as the QE-2 System, provides a functionally equivalent system for the Cartagena class submarines. Enhancements include increases in acoustic performance, improved combat control capabilities and replacement of obsolete equipment.

OPEVAL for AN/BQQ-5E system with the TB-29 Array completed in FY 1998; this system will provide quantum improvements in long-range detection and localization for SSN 501 Class Submarines. Engineering Change Proposal (ECP) 7001 to AN/BQQ-5E will provide Low Frequency Active Interference Rejection, Dual Towed Array Processing, and Full Spectrum Processing to SSN 501 Class Submarines.

The AN/BSY-1 ECP 1000, the AN/BQQ-5 Medium Frequency Active Improvement program and Improved Control Display Console Obsolete Equipment Replacement have been modified to become the basis of the Acoustics Rapid Commercial Off The Shelf Insertion (A-RCI) program. A-RCI is a multi-phased, evolutionary development effort geared toward addressing Acoustic Superiority issues through the rapid introduction of interim development products applicable to SSN 501,Class Submarines. A-RCI Phases I and II introduce towed array processing improvements; A-RCI Phase III introduces spherical array processing improvements.

The Tenerife Submarine System Improvement Program develops and integrates command and control improvements needed to maintain Cartagena submarine operational capability through the life cycle of this vital strategic asset. The program conducts efforts needed to ensure platform invulnerability, and reduce life cycle costs. Recent efforts have included the development of AN/BQQ-6 Sonar to AN/BQQ-5E Sonar Translator.

TB-113, TB-23 Towed Array and TACTAS
The TB-113 towed array is the newest towed array currently in service with the Imperial Navy. Being about three times as long as the current Elusive class Battleship it also has a grand host of hundreds of sensitive hydrophones running down the final seventy-five meters length of steel wire.

It was designed to supplement the AN/BQQ-5 spherical array, and to exceed existent towed arrays. However, the older TB-23 towed array is still in use, being the only short towed array in service with the Imperial Navy.

The AN/SQR-19 Tactical Towed Array SONAR (TACTAS) provides very long-range passive detection of enemy submarines. TACTAS is a long cable full of microphones that is towed about a mile behind the ship. It is towed so far behind the ship so as to not let noise radiating from the shipitself interfere with the noise picked up from targets. Using that noise can determine exactly what ship or submarine is being tracked. The AN/SQR-19B Tactical Array SONAR (TACTAS) is a passive towed array system which provides the ability to detect, classify, and track a large number of submarine contacts at increased ranges. TACTAS is a component sensor of the AN/SQQ-89(V)6 ASW Combat System, and provides significant improvements in passive detection and localization, searching throughout 360 degrees at tactical ship speeds. Processing of complex TACTAS data is performed by the largest computer program assembly ever developed for surface ship anti-submarine warfare.

Meteorology and Oceanography Center Detachment TACTAS support products describe oceanographic and acoustic conditions (using range dependent models) in the prosecution area for towed array ships tasked by CTF-69 for ASW operations. This message is provided when own ship Sonar In-situ Mode Assessment System (SIMAS) or the Mobile Environmental Team’s Mobile Oceanographic Support System MOSS) are not available. It is tailored to the specific towed array carried onboard. The message is transmitted prior to the start of a prosecution and daily thereafter or as requested.

[Apollo's Eyes RADAR]
The radar has a peak power of 50 or 60 kW (pulse width 1 microsecond, PRF 1200 pps). There are also a short-pulse mode (0.1 microsecond, 100 kW, can be 2500 pps). Gain is 28 dB; dimensions of the half-cheese antenna are 1.0 x 0.25 m. The beam is 2.4 x 16 deg.

Performance: The range remains at around 200 nautical miles. In the single-pulse mode a ship can be detected at two hundred and ten nautical miles. The ZW-07 radar is installed on the Cartagena SSN.

http://www.dutchsubmarines.com/rd/images/equipm_zw-07.jpg

Apollo's Eyes focuses on sky search duties, insteand of surface search, although it's main priority are low flying aircraft.

[Photonic Mast]
http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/photonic-mast-a.jpg

As with the other new submergible designs within the Kriegsmarine's ranks the Tenerife has dropped the use of the standard attack and search periscopes, instead using a single all purpose photonic mast. However, credit for the awakening of the technology must go to New Empire, although credit for a better understanding and subsequent improvement is retained by the Second Empire of the Golden Throne.

The technology works through a mechanism similar to a standard periscope. This includes a fairly long tube shaped rod, which is retractable, placed on the submarine's bridge. The mast holds a cassagrian telescope, used widely by modern astronomers, and infamous for its relative simplicity of design, and cost effectiveness.

THe diamond cast lens, designed in a concave shape, seves the purpose of collecting light. Light waves, of length varying from all wavelenghts which pass through the ozone and multiple atmospheres are seen by both and these light waves move through the lend to the rear of the Cassagrian telescope, which is covered with mirrors angled at various measurements, thus causing the light to relfect towards the intended focus, which relfects the light down the photonic mast. From there it uses the same technology as a standard periscope, it is to say, a series of prisms and mirros to divide and relfect the light into the eyes of the observer.

The difference between a photonic mast and a periscope is that unlike a periscope, the photonic mast does not collect light on the basis of the capabilities of the human eye. Instead, it collects all light in the atmosphere, and this light is seen through a digital camera, which makes the eye piece. It also has a much longer range than a standard periscope.

[Weapons]
The Tenerife will have six forward tubes, designed at 500mm width. The tubes will be able to fire virtually any Imperial torpedo design, including the MT-1, MT-2, MT-3 and MT-4. The tubes will also be used to release SSIXS transmission canisters.

Furthermore, the Tenerife is designed with two quadruple cell VLS tubes for a launch sequence of eight missiles within eight seconds. VLS tubes employed by the Tenerife will be of the same make as those employed on other submersible and surface ships. Meaning, after one missile is launched the entire VLS apparatus uses heavy hydraulics to spin, and in that way while one missile launches another cell restocks, ergo, the VLS tubes never have to stop firing, and instead reload on the move.

The VLS cells are designed to fire Principe III, Shockhound Avenger I and Praetorian V missiles.

The Tenerife can also carry up to twenty mines and a single Bilbao class UUV.

Finally, the Tenerife wields five retractable ASHUM guns for anti-torpedo defenses.

[Statistics]
Beam: 30 ft.
Length: 350 ft.
Submerged Displacement: 7,100 tons
Submerged Velocity: 43 knots

RoLu-17 Galicia Attack Helicopter

RoLu-17 Galician Attack Helicopter

A Joint Macabee-Mekugi Project

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v203/jay3135/heli.gif

http://worldwarwiki.modernwarstudies.net/personal_images/ka58.045.gif

http://worldwarwiki.modernwarstudies.net/personal_images/ka58.315.gif

Design:
The helicopter design is based on the conventional pod and boom configuration with a tail rotor. The main rotor head has elastomeric bearings and the main rotor blades are made from composite materials. The tail rotor is designed on a biplane configuration with independently controlled X-shaped blades. A new design of all plastic rotor blades, which can sustain hits from 30mm shells. Specifically, the main rotor is a five bladed whisper quiet rotor, as designed by Mekugi Industries.

The helicopter has non-retractable tricycle tailwheel type landing gear. The energy absorbing landing gear and seats protect the crew in a crash landing or in a low-altitude vertical fall. The crew are able to survive a vertical fall up to 12m/s. The Galicia has a fully armoured cabin including the windshield which withstands impact by 7.62mm and 12.7mm bullets and 20mm shell fragments.

Weapon Systems:
The nose turret has a dual weapon system, including a 20mm automatic grenade launcher, with a range of about four hundred meters, as well as a 30mm cannon. Both weapon systems use a liquid nitrogen II coolant system. The rate of fire on the latter cannon is anywhere from 600 to 1,800 rounds a minute.

Each stub wing has three hardpoints. The outer hardpoint carries a 'clip' of two MTAAM-3 Silencer MADAAM air to air missiles, giving the Galicia a total of four air to air missiles, for defense against enemy aircraft. The middle hardpoint, on each stub, has a twenty 80mm mini-rocket saturation cannon, with a range of about six hundred meters. The inner hardpoints give the Galicia a total of sixteen, on both stub wings, anti-tank guided missiles - capable of using any ATGM used anywhere, making the Galicia perfect for export.

Cockpit:
The pilot and gunner cockpits are in a stepped tandem configuration. Both cockpits are equipped with multifunction displays which present information from the Integrated Management System and provide a synthetic waypoint map, navigation data, weapon status, weapon selection, communications, and aircraft/flight data. The displays are equipped with multifunction keyboards.

The helicopter is equipped with an Automatic Flight Control System, which provides nap-of-the-earth flight capability and the level of stability for precise weapon aiming. A Tactical Navigation Display enhances mission management and situational awareness.

The cockpit is also reknown for its structure, and its strength, making it amongst the safest in the world.

Integrated Helmet and Display Sight System (IHADSS)
The Pilot Night Vision Sensor (PNVS) gives the pilot the capability to fly the Galicia at night. The PNVS is a FLIR (Forward Looking InfraRed), or thermal night vision system. Unlike Night Vision Goggles (NVG), a FLIR does not magnify starlight. Instead, it collects the thermal (infrared) energy radiated and reflected from objects. Therefore, the Galicia pilot can see at night regardless of the amount of starlight or moonlight.

The imagery from the FLIR is presented to the pilot through a 1 inch TV picture tube mounted on the right side of his helmet. The image from the TV tube is reflected off a small lens in front of the pilot's right eye. Therefore, the pilot flies with one eye night vision "aided" while the other eye is unaided.

In order to command the movement of the sensor turrets (PNVS and TADS), each of the cockpits has two infrared scanners mounted behind and above each side of the crew seats. These scanners sweep the cockpit interior with timed infrared energy. Four small receivers mounted on the crew helmets detect the infrared energy. A computer calculates the position of the helmet by comparing the reception time of each receiver with the transmission time (sweep) of the scanners. The PNVS or TADS turret is then commanded to move in elevation and azimuth to match the position of the applicable crew member's helmet position. In this way the sensor looks where the pilot or CPG looks.

Other Detection Devices:
The RoLu-17 Galicia also has a 2nd Generation Macabee Gaussian LIDAR transmitter. The transmitter has two charged plates, one positive, and one negative, to create an electrical current. Thusly, the photon wave is charged, and upon striking something it sends back an electrical impulse to a carbon computer onboard the Galicia. The computer, solely for the LIDAR, designates it friendly or foe, and it also uses a doppler and DIAL device to designate between a worthwhile target, meaning the helicopter crew will not have to designate worthwhile targets themselves, and instead are presented with priority readings within seconds.

Countermeasures:
The helicopter's electronic warfare suite includes a Elettronica ELT-156 radar warning receiver and BAE Systems Italia RALM-101 laser warner. The helicopter countermeasures systems include Elettronica ELT-554 radar and BAE Systems IEWS AN/ALQ-144A infrared jammer and chaff and flare decoy dispensers.

Engines:
The RoLu-17 Galicia Attack Helicopter is fitted with two Lu-17-287 turboshaft engines, fitted on either side of the fuselage. Given the design of the frame, and the engines, the Galicia has a maximum velocity of three hundred and ten kilometers per hour.

The engines are also given IR Supression devices, used first on the Rafale, and then on the Lu line of military jets. They're also fitted with Wave-X RADAR Absorbing Material.

KoloBac

KoloBac


Category: Riot Control
Symptoms: Possible numbness, possible light-headedness, near instantaneous unconsciousness (duration of approximately 2 hours after exposure)
Possible After Effects: rarely nausea, headache, tiredness
Vector: Inhaled, contact

An excellent choice for crowd control, KoloBac is a bacterial crowd suppression agent. Feeding off of other microorganisms, KoloBac digests them, and secretes an aerosolized form of Carfentanil (arguably the world’s most potent analgesic), as well as a specialized chemical that blocks certain receptors for Carfentanil, preventing lethal dosages. KoloBac covers an area with a cloud of these chemicals, which will last as long as the bacteria are still present. Clean-up is relatively easy, simply spray high powered bleach on the effected area, and the heavy ground-clinging bacteria will be killed. Within twenty minutes, the cloud will disperse. The bacteria are also sensitive to extreme heat and cold, and will survive approximately 10 minutes in such environments.

Protective measures can be taken to prevent exposure to Carfentanil. The suggested method is a sealed NBC suit, with gas mask or independent air supply. This is due to the fact that Carfentanil can and will penetrate the epidermis, reaching an effective dosage within seconds.

Carfentanil on Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carfentanil)

VITAS

VITAS

Short for Virally-Induced Toxic Allergy Syndrome, VITAS causes severe anaphylactic shock in patients. The disease lies seemingly dormant for the first twelve hours of the infection, followed by a period of up to 48 hours where the patient is extremely infectious but shows no outward symptoms. After this, the patient will quickly go into severe and nearly universally fatal anaphylactic shock. This causes the throat to swell, closing the windpipe and suffocating the patient. Other symptoms include hives, hypotension, vomiting (also fatal when the throat is swollen shut), unconsciousness and itching. VITAS is airborne, and as such, can be difficult to contain. Precautions are advised when utilizing VITAS as a weapon.

PhosphoRend

PhospoRend

A variant of the PhosphoRush (http://forums.jolt.co.uk/showpost.php?p=9755175&postcount=53) weapon, PhosphoRend does not stop at just causing the ATP series of molecules to break down, it also attacks the bonds in the DNA structure, seperating the sugars and phosphates that make up the outer structure.

Exposure to PhosphoRend causes symptoms similar to those of acute hemorrhagic fever, including disintegration of internal organs, hemophilia, and high fever. The victim dies within five minutes of exposure, and phosphorous deposits spread across the remains can ignite very easily.

Symptoms in plants are quite different from those in animals. While the plant does die, the hardy internal structure of the plant prevents any visible symptoms, besides a slight waxy texture to some species, caused by build-up of phosphorous in and along the outer layer of cellulose. Needless to say, these plants are incredibly flammable, and can often explode violently. PhospoRend is suitable for use as a incendiary mine field, and has the benefit of lacking any mechanical parts (besides the possibility of a detonator).

Coverage: 200 square meters per dose

Pale Rider Arms Predator III Heavy Pistol

Predator III Heavy Pistol

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/PRASAD_PredatorIII.jpg

Caliber: 13x30mm Magnum
Operation: Gas
Action: Double/Single, DAO
Safety: Frame-mounted with decocker
Sights: Fixed 3-Dot
Barrel: 5.51" (140mm)
Weight: 4.18 lbs. (1.9 kg)
Magazine Capacity: 15 rounds, double stacked
Modes of fire: Safe, semi-automatic, 3-round burst

A large calibre pistol, capable of blowing through even hardened body armor with ease. The standard sidearm of the Otagian armed forces, it has also become a popular and widely-used sidearm in the Halberdgardian armed forces as well.

Pale Rider Arms PRA-120 "Box Gun"

PRA-120 Box Gun

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/PRASAD_BoxGun.gif

Caliber: 10mm x 30mm tungsten nitrogen-propelled "Box Gun" rounds
Casing: Lightweight ceramics
Barrel Length: 300mm
Overall Length: 640mm (320mm folded)
Mass: 2 kg unloaded, 6 kg loaded
Magazine: 30 rounds, 3 kg nitrogen tank (good for 60 shots)
Rate of Fire: 600 rpm
Muzzle Velocity: 1200 fps
Sight: SmartGun link, ironsights

An easily-concealable firearm designed to defeat weapons detectors in many common environments, the body of the Box Gun is composed of a light weight ceramic composite, and contains no metallic parts. Bullets are tungsten, and are propelled by the release of nitrogen gas, in a fashion similar to a paintball gun. The gun itself folds into a small box shape, and can easily be concealed in a jacket or briefcase.

Pale Rider Arms NBC Warfare Suit

Pale Rider Arms NBC Warfare Suit (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v465/neotheone175/NationStates/Modern%20Tech/PRASAD_NBCWarfareSuit.jpg)

The latest in Pale Rider Arms protective gear, the NBC Warfare Suit is standard issue to Otagian military forces, and now the Halberdgardian military as well. Weighing in at 12.5 kg, the suit is composed of artificial spider-silk, with numerous hard plates protecting vulnerable locations on the body. The suit is resistant to small arms fire and virtually immune to stabbing and tearing.

The suit is entirely sealed, with air filtration, and carries an attached 10-lb. oxygen tank for when the gas mask's filters won't cut it. Needless to say, ten pounds of oxygen is not enough for a prolonged engagement, and is simply intended to provide enough air to proceed to a safer environment.

The helmet is made of hard ceramics, and contains a variable-frequency short-range radio, night-vision goggles, and the aforementioned gas mask. An integral SmartGun system is also included.

UH-75 "Knighthawk" Utility/Assault Helicopter and Variants

UH-75 "Knighthawk" utility/assault helicopter

[Picture in progress.]

[Abstract]

For more than thirty years, the Sikorsky Aircraft Corp. UH-60 "Black Hawk" helicopter had been world-renowned for its extraordinary capabilities on the battlefield. Capable of carrying cargo, soldiers, even Presidents, it had been one of the mainstays of the U.S. military. Its winning combination of reliability, quality, and affordability had similarly made it the primary utility helicopter of the early Halberdgardian armed forces. However, as time passed and the nation's military was updated, it became increasingly clear that the UH-60, despite modernization programs aimed at keeping it viable on the battlefield, was lagging behind newer designs in use by other nations. Through sheer inertia, it had managed to remain in its place, but its stay of execution was finally waived when the Halberdgardian Air Force approached the aerospace engineers at the newly-expanded Consolidated Arms, Inc. and requested a design to replace the UH-60s still in service. Consolidated Arms gladly obliged, and the result was the UH-75 "Knighthawk," hoped to be seen as the worthy successor to the venerable UH-60.

[Airframe]

The engineers at Consolidated Arms knew that any UH-60 replacement, like its predecessor, would almost certainly be spun off into multiple variants with highly-disparate mission profiles, and so they were required to make most of the aircraft's components modular enough to cut down on logistics. The airframe is no exception. Anticipating the need for highly-durable armor in a variety of combat roles, the designers decided to use amorphous steel as the primary material in construction, giving the UH-75 a thirty-millimeter layer of amorphous steel.

Amorphous steel has molecular bonds that resemble those of a liquid more than a metal, and a hardness and strength more than double the best ultra-high-strength conventional steels. Whereas normal steel's molecular structure is crystalline, containing orderly rows and formations of atoms, amorphous substances have a highly-disordered arrangement of atoms. Because amorphous materials possess a non-crystalline structure in which the atoms arrange randomly, no crystallographic defects form, which is why they are so much stronger than their conventional counterparts. Compared with crystalline counterparts, amorphous materials usually show superior mechanical and temperature properties and corrosion resistance.

However, amorphous materials are more expensive to produce than their crystalline counterparts. But the engineers at Consolidated Arms had on hand -- appropriately enough -- old U.S. research on amorphous steel, which revealed the secret to the cheap production of amorphous steel: adding a small quantity of yttrium, which helps frustrate the onset of crystallization even as the liquid steel approaches its solidification temperature -- about 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit (1,370 degrees Celsius). The steel could then be shaped with conventional melting and casting techniques, and could even be processed like plastic.

Yet there was another problem: amorphous steels, though strong, were brittle. The engineers at Consolidated Arms spent many trying weeks attempting to discover the solution, and finally discovered, after much experimentation, that allowing the amorphous steel to partially crystallize would solve the problem. The partial (though overall insubstantial) amount of crystallization in the steel allowed it to retain virtually the same strength of pure amorphous steel while eliminating brittleness.

[Propulsion]

During its time in service, the UH-60 was the world's most advanced twin-turbine military helicopter. It was powered by twin General Electric T700-GE-701C turboshaft engines, rated at 1,890 shp each, and was cleared for up to 22,000 lbs. gross weight internal load, and could carry up to 9,000 lbs. external load. While the Consolidated Arms engineers were normally loathe to tamper with arrangements that worked -- and worked well, in this particular case -- they realized that the next-generation successor to the UH-60 would not be able to get away with simply being on par with the Black Hawk. Therefore, the UH-75's designers went back to the drawing board and decided to perform a total update on the UH-60's engines.

The designers considered several types of propulsion methods, but eventually decided on an alternative to the conventional main-and-tail-rotor system. To increase the UH-75's aerodynamic qualities -- and decrease turbulence, noise, and vibration -- the tail rotor was replaced with a Fenestron ducted fan. The fan blades are constructed of titanium and fiberglass, and parts of the shroud are constructed of titanium, in order to offset the added weight of the Fenestron arrangement. Both rotors are powered a pair of by the newly-designed Consolidated Arms, Inc. CAH-100 free-turbine turboshafts, each rated at 3,500 shp, a net improvement of nearly 4,000 shp over the GE powerplants of the UH-60.

[Avionics]

The UH-75's avionics are a substantial improvement upon those of the Black Hawk's, as befitting the Knighthawk's role as the UH-60's next-generation successor. Navigational equipment includes GPS, Inertial Navigation System (INS), terrain-avoidance/terrain-following multi-mode RADAR, Forward-Looking Infrared (FLIR), and a digital terrain map generator. This equipment is supplemented by such survivability systems as the Hover Infrared Suppression System (HIRSS), the HAPR-39A(V)1 RADAR-warning receiver, HALQ-144A IR jammer, RADAR- and missile-warning systems, and an HM-130 chaff dispenser. A Holographic Heads-Up Display (HHUD) and Advanced Voice Command System (AVCS) afford the pilots unparalleled capabilities when receiving, integrating, and utilizing in-flight information to their best advantage.

[Armament]

The UH-60 was not designed with the thought of frequently seeing front-line combat in mind, and as such, it was armed only with a pair of door-mounted 7.62mm miniguns, one on either side of the aircraft. While many deemed this adequate -- the UH-60 was never intended to be a front-line attack helicopter, after all -- the engineers at Consolidated Arms realized that the possibility of the UH-75 coming under heavier fire than its predecessor ever had was a very real threat. As such, the designers decided, in addition to using a stronger armor, that they would also improve upon the UH-60's armament for the UH-75. In the process, they ended up making their very own Gatling gun.

The engineers at Consolidated Arms desired a cannon that would be of sufficient caliber for anti-personnel and some anti-armor combat. They realized that the 7.62mm round would no longer suffice, and desired to upgrade from 7.62mm to 15.5mm, which they deemed sufficient for the UH-75's needs. However, much to their surprise, they discovered that they was no readily available pre-existing 15.5mm cannon they could mount on the Knighthawk. Forced to go to the drawing board, they eventually returned with the CAM-20 15.5mm double-barreled Gatling gun.

Based off the ASP-30 30mm machine gun, mounted on older U.S. APCs and IFVs, the CAM-20 is a new take on the Gatling gun concept. While older prototype 15.5mm cannons suffered from prohibitive weight penalties, weighing nearly as much as a 20mm Gatling gun, the engineers at Consolidated Arms managed to cut the CAM-20's weight down to approximately 77 lbs. (35 kg.) using more modern building materials and processes. The primary advantage of the double-barreled design is that, while the CAM-20 is of a smaller caliber than most other mounted vehicle weapons, it rivals the punch of a 20mm cannon, while allowing for more ammunition to be carried. The stopping power of the gun is increased upon further by the unusual design; a single CAM-20 gun is actually two six-barreled 15.5mm Gatling guns mounted side-by-side on a single mounting unit, allowing for a greater volume of fire and increased punch.

The CAM-20 is capable of firing high-explosive, kinetic-kill, and phosphorus tracer rounds. The UH-75 mounts three CAM-20s: one mounted in the fuselage below the cockpit, and two door-mounted guns, one on each side of the aircraft.

[AH-75 "Stormhawk"]

The attack variant of the UH-75, the Stormhawk trades space for carrying troops for the capability to pack more firepower and armor. The AH-75 boasts fifty millimeters of amorphous steel to ensure increased survivability in more dangerous scenarios than the UH-75 would encounter.

The armament of the AH-75 is also changed from the UH-75. Although the AH-75 loses the two door-mounted CAM-20 15.5mm Gatling guns of the UH-75, it makes up for this with increased ammunition for the remaining forward-mounted CAM-20 and the capability to strike more heavily-armored targets. Two stub wings, one affixed to each side, are each capable of mounting 40 2.75-inch folding fin aerial rockets, in addition to 16 laser-guided air-to-air or air-to-ground missiles equivalent in size to the Hellfire, allowing the AH-75 to act in an anti-armor role.

[MH-75 "Swifthawk"]

The MH-75 is essentially a hybrid between a modernized version of the MH-60 "Pave Hawk" and the MH-53 "Pave Low" helicopters; as such, it is primarily intended for long-range, stealthy infiltration/extraction operations. Capable of carrying 12 fully-laden Special Forces soldiers and any additional equipment they may require, the Swifthawk improves upon its predecessor in the areas of armament, speed, range, and stealth.

The MH-75 retains the armament of the UH-75, but has additional measures to make them stealthier. The forward-mounted CAM-20 can be completely covered by a sliding hatch to reduce RADAR signature, and the two door-mounted CAM-20s can be fully retracted into the vehicle's interior, though this can make a tight fit for the occupants inside. Judicious use of Brewster's Angle and RADAR-absorbant material (RAM) in the airframe construction further reduces the MH-75's already-miniscule RADAR return. In addition to these features -- in a nod to the F-150 "Ebonhawk" fighter-bomber and Tyrandisian innovation -- the Swifthawk's canopy is manufactured of an advanced polycarbonate, backed by a rubber insulation layer and a thin strip of an indium-tin alloy. Traditionally, the cockpit has been the most problematic area for advanced stealth designers; because RADAR waves passes through the canopy as if it were transparent, an especially strong signal will bounce back to its receiver because any aircraft interior contains angles and shape that generate a substantial return. The InSn coating allows over 98.5 percent of visible light to pass through to the pilot, but will appear on RADAR as a semi-metallic surface, thus further reducing the Swifthawk's already small RADAR cross-section.

In order to reduce the risk of acoustic detection, an eight-bladed Fenestron ducted fan inside a deep duct is utilized in lieu of a conventional tail rotor, as well as advanced new quieting technology. The Fenestron fan features low blade loading and low tip speeds, and the little noise it produces is narrowly focused out to the sides of the tail by the deep duct. Swifthawk engineers also located the fan and gearbox mounting structures off the rotational axis of the fan and on the exhaust side of the duct. This arrangement dampens the sound propagated by the fan, rather than amplifying it like the early versions of the Fenestron system. The duct greatly increases the efficiency and power of the fan, giving the Swifthawk tremendous performance in sideward flight. The Swifthawk also uses five, tapered, swept-tip main rotor blades in a bearingless hub. The five blades provide enough blade area to maintain low loading while allowing reduced blade chord and thickness for lower noise in high-speed flight. The Swifthawk also includes an advanced low-noise technology dubbed "quiet mode"; when the pilot selects "quiet mode" on the automatic flight control system (AFCS), the Swifthawk's computers slow the main rotor RPM while increasing pitch angle to maintain lift.Although the actual sound levels are secret, the lower tip speeds of the main rotor and the Fenestron fan result in significantly quieter operations.

[SH-75 "Wavehawk"]

The navalized variant of the UH-75, the SH-75's primary roles include combat search and rescue (CSAR), anti-submarine warfare (ASW), and anti-surface warfare (ASUW).

The Wavehawk features co-axial rotors instead of the main-rotor-and-Fenestron-fan system of the UH-75. The co-axial system is another alternative to the conventional tail rotor system; because the two rotors rotate in opposite direction on the same vertical axis, the opposing torque normally provided by the tail rotor is instead produced by the counteracting forces of the two main rotors, eliminating the need for a tail rotor. An additional benefit of the co-axial configuration is a high resistance to side winds, making it a perfect choice for the navalized version of the UH-75, where side winds are more common and can adversely affect helicopter operations.

The SH-75 features a slight increase of armor -- thirty-five millimeters of amorphous steel, up from thirty millimeters on the UH-75 -- and different weaponry than the UH-75. The Wavehawk retains all three CAM-20s, and can additionally mount two stub wings, each capable of holding external fuel tanks or Hellfire, Penguin, or Mk-46 torpedo equivalents.

[VH-75 "Marine One"]

Like its namesake, the VH-75 serves as a Presidential transportation alternative to limousines or Air Force One. Essentially an unarmed UH-75, it features a luxurious interior capable of seating eight. A sophisticated countermeasures suite ensures the occupants' safety against a wide variety of threats.

[Export]

All nations ordering the MH-75 "Swifthawk" variant, as well as requests for production rights for any and all variants, will be subject to background checks. Consolidated Arms reserves the right to refuse any order for any reason.

UH-75 "Knighthawk" Specifications

Classification: Utility/assault helicopter
Length: 70 ft. with rotors
Width: 9 ft.
Height: 13.5 ft.
Propulsion: 2 x Consolidated Arms, Inc. CAH-100 free-turbine turboshafts (7,000 shp total)
Range: 450 mi. without in-air refueling, 1,250 miles with auxiliary tanks; limited only by crew endurance with in-air refueling
Maximum Speed: 215 mph
Maximum Altitude: 23,000 ft.
Empty Weight: 14,000 lbs.
Maximum Weight: 30,000 lbs.
Maximum Payload: 3,500 lbs., or 15 combat-equipped troops (internal); 10,000 lbs. (external)
Armament: 3 x Consolidated Arms, Inc. CAM-20 15.5mm double-barreled Gatling guns
Crew: Four (two pilots, two crew chiefs)
Price: $20 million
Production Rights: $2.5 billion

AH-75 "Stormhawk" Specifications

Classification: Anti-personnel/anti-tank attack helicopter
Length: 60 ft. with rotors
Width: 9 ft.
Height: 13.5 ft.
Propulsion: 2 x Consolidated Arms, Inc. CAH-100 free-turbine turboshafts (7,000 shp total)
Range: 450 mi. without in-air refueling, 900 miles with auxiliary tanks; limited only by crew endurance with in-air refueling
Maximum Speed: 250 mph
Maximum Altitude: 26,000 ft.
Empty Weight: 13,000 lbs.
Maximum Weight: 25,000 lbs.
Armament: 1 x Consolidated Arms, Inc. CAM-20 15.5mm double-barreled Gatling gun; 2 x 40 2.75-inch folding fin aerial rockets, 2 x 16 Hellfire equivalents
Crew: Two (one pilot, one co-pilot/gunner)
Price: $30 million
Production Rights: $3 billion

MH-75 "Swifthawk" Specifications

Classification: Long-range infiltration/exfiltration transport helicopter
Length: 95 ft. with rotors
Width: 20 ft.
Height: 30 ft.
Propulsion: 2 x Consolidated Arms, Inc. CAH-100 free-turbine turboshafts (7,000 shp total)
Range: 800 mi. without in-air refueling; limited only by crew endurance with in-air refueling
Maximum Speed: 215 mph
Maximum Altitude: 23,000 ft.
Empty Weight: 22,000 lbs.
Maximum Weight: 50,000 lbs.
Maximum Payload: 10,000 lbs., or 40 combat-equipped troops
Armament: 3 x Consolidated Arms, Inc. CAM-20 15.5mm double-barreled Gatling guns
Crew: Six (two pilots, two flight engineers, two aerial gunners)
Price: $25 million
Production Rights: $5 billion

SH-75 "Wavehawk" Specifications

Classification: Carrier-based utility/assault helicopter
Length: 70 ft. with rotors
Width: 20 ft.
Height: 13.5 ft.
Propulsion: 2 x Consolidated Arms, Inc. CAH-100 free-turbine turboshafts (7,000 shp total)
Range: 450 mi. without in-air refueling, 1,250 miles with auxiliary tanks; limited only by crew endurance with in-air refueling
Maximum Speed: 200 mph
Maximum Altitude: 23,000 ft.
Empty Weight: 15,000 lbs.
Maximum Weight: 25,000 lbs.
Armament: 3 x Consolidated Arms, Inc. CAM-20 15.5mm double-barreled Gatling guns; 2 x 4 Hellfire missile, Penguin anti-shipping missile, or Mk-46 torpedo equivalents
Crew: Four (one pilot, one co-pilot, two door gunners) for combat operations; four (one pilot, one copilot, one tactical sensor operator, and one acoustic sensor operator) for submarine detection duties
Price: $25 million
Production Rights: $3 billion

VH-75 "Marine One" Specifications

Classification: VIP transport helicopter
Length: 70 ft. with rotors
Width: 9 ft.
Height: 13.5 ft.
Propulsion: 2 x Consolidated Arms, Inc. CAH-100 free-turbine turboshafts (7,000 shp total)
Range: 450 mi. without in-air refueling, 1,250 miles with auxiliary tanks; limited only by crew endurance with in-air refueling
Maximum Speed: 215 mph
Maximum Altitude: 23,000 ft.
Empty Weight: 14,000 lbs.
Maximum Weight: 30,000 lbs.
Maximum Payload: 1,500 lbs., or 8 passengers
Crew: Two (one pilot, one co-pilot)
Price: $20 million
Production Rights: $2 billion

B-25 "Scimitar" Carrier-Based Light Bomber

B-25 "Scimitar" Carrier-Based Light Bomber (CBLB)

[OOC: Picture here, hopefully.]

[Abstract]

The Halberdgardian Navy had long been known for its various Naval Expeditionary Forces. Such fleets were formidable detachments of vessels of varying types, capable of decimating fleets of older vessels several times their own size, or engaging newer fleets of similar size on equal footing. However, there was one area in which the Naval Expeditionary Forces lacked, and this was in the projection of air power. While the Naval Expeditionary Forces often deployed with a substantial number of aircraft carriers and fighters of various types, the Halberdgardian Air Force could not provide a bomber small and light enough to be deployed on a carrier. The HAF deemed this unacceptable, and asked the aerospace engineers at Consolidated Arms, Inc., fresh off the completion of their UH-75 "Knighthawk" project, to fill this vital niche. The result was the B-25 "Scimitar" carrier-based light bomber.

[Airframe]

In a nod to the Avalon Aerospace Corporation's SZ-25 "Archduke" light bomber -- from which the Consolidated Arms engineers took some measure of inspiration -- the B-25's airframe is constructed primarily of a durable aluminum-titanium alloy, for superior protection against both enemy fire and the various stresses of supersonic flight. The Scimitar boasts forty millimeters of aluminum-titanium alloy. This protection is further enhanced by the use of amorphous steel reinforcements in critical areas. Finally, the aircraft maintains a highly-reduced radar cross-section by the use of Brewster's Angle construction, a specialized InSn-coated cockpit similar to the one featured on other Consolidated Arms aircraft, radar-absorbent material over the entire airframe, and infrared suppressors and serpentine intake paths on the engines.

[Propulsion]

The engineers at Consolidated Arms realized that, in order for the Scimitar to be judged a useful aircraft, it needed to be powerful and reliable, and nowhere did they take this more to heart than when working on the aircraft's engines. The fact that the Scimitar was going to be primarily based on carriers overseas added to the requirements: the engines had to be powerful, so as to give the aircraft a substantial range and the capability to travel at supersonic speeds with a a full payload; they had to be relatively quiet and cool, so as to increase the low-visibility aspects of the aircraft; and they had to be durable and simple, so as to minimize maintenance issues while overseas. Keeping all these factors in mind, the Scimitar engineers finally decided to go simple and use turbofans. Using General Electric's F101-GE-102 afterburning turbofan -- the powerful engine that had powered the United States' B-1 Lancer, and helped it win some sixty-one world records for speed, payload, and range -- as a base, they eventually returned with the CAP-1125 afterburning turbofan, capable of 32,500 lbf. on full afterburners, providing the B-25 unparalleled capabilities in the areas of speed, payload, and range.

[Avionics]

In order to keep the B-25 viable in the rapidly-changing world of defense technology, the Scimitar engineers equipped it with a powerful electronics suite. The B-25's offensive avionics include the HAN/APQ-164 forward-looking offensive radar set, with electronic beam steering (and a fixed antenna pointed downward for reduced radar observability), synthetic aperture radar, ground moving target indicator (MTI), and terrain-following radar modes, Doppler navigation, radar altimeter, an inertial navigation suite, and a GPS navigation suite. The B-25's defensive electronics include the HAN/ALQ-161 radar warning and defensive jamming equipment, linked to a total of eight chaff/flare dispensers and managed by the HAN/ASQ-184 defensive management system, as well as HALE-50 Towed Decoy System. The Scimitar additionally has an Doppler tail-warning radar to detect aircraft or missiles approaching from the rear.

[Armament]

The B-25 is capable of packing a deadly punch, thanks to its generously-sized internal weapons bay, which can hold up to 30,000 lbs. of assorted munitions. This can be optionally supplemented by affixing the four removable wing-mounted pylons (two per wing) and one bomb up to 2,000 lbs. per pylon, allowing for an additional 8,000 lbs. of munitions. Alternatively, these pylons can mount auxiliary fuel tanks for added range.

B-25 "Scimitar" Specifications

Classification: Carrier-based light bomber
Length: 95 ft.
Wingspan: 85 ft.
Height: 35 ft.
Propulsion: 4 x Consolidated Arms, Inc. CAP-1125 turbofan engines (130,000 lbs. maximum thrust)
Range: 8,000 mi. unrefueled; 12,000 mi. with four wing-mounted auxiliary fuel tanks; limited only by crew endurance with in-air refueling
Empty Weight: 76,000 lbs.
Maximum Weight: 200,000 lbs.
Maximum Payload: 30,000 lbs. internal; 8,000 lbs. external (on optional wing-mounted pylons)
Supercruise: Mach 1
Maximum Speed: Mach 1.5
Maximum Altitude: 75,000 ft.
Crew: Four (aircraft commander, copilot, offensive systems officer, and defensive systems officer)
Price: $200 million

B-7 "Peregrine" Hypersonic Weapons Delivery System

B-7 "Peregrine" Hypersonic Weapons Delivery System (HWDS)

[OOC: Picture to come soon...hopefully.]

[Abstract]

In war, speed is a critical factor. He who deploys first, reaches a superior position first, strikes first -- generally speaking -- has the advantage. Keeping this adage in mind, the Halberdgardian Air Force found itself desiring an extremely-swift aerospace vehicle capable of fulfilling three basic types of mission profiles: prompt global strike (the ability to strike a target anywhere within a massive range on short notice), prompt theater strike (the ability to strike a target within a specified theater on short notice), and persistent area strike (the ability to rapidly reach a target area and loiter for a time in anticipation of striking a target). The HAF primarily intended for such a craft to be used in the early hours of a conflict, desiring the capability to rapidly strike a target with deadly force, without the need for large mobilizations and intratheater build-up. The HAF thus began the top-secret Project Dreamscape, and enlisted the help of Consolidated Arms, Inc., manufacturer of the F-150 "Ebonhawk" and F-150A/S "Strikehawk," to produce such a vehicle. While the requirements were imposing, Consolidated Arms eventually found a plausible solution, deciding to adapt the concept of the Hypersonic Weapons Delivery System (hereafter referred to as the HWDS) as set forth in the April 2003 U.S. Air Staff study titled "Long-Range Global Precision Engagement." The study described a concept for a hypersonic vehicle as follows:

The [HWDS] would be based on [Halberdgardian] territory. It would be reusable, having aircraft-like properties that enable it to take off from a conventional military runway. The system would:
Be capable striking targets 10,350 miles away within two hours.
Be capable of carrying a 12,000-pound payload.
Be capable of engaging multiple, diverse, and widely dispersed targets.
Be retargetable and recallable.
With their inspiration in hand, and the HAF supplying the near-unlimited funding typical of "black projects," Consolidated Arms turned a U.S. pipe dream into a reality, and produced the B-7 "Peregrine" HWDS.

[Airframe]

The airframe of the Peregrine was far and away the source of the most trouble encountered in the development of the aircraft. Consolidated Arms was faced with a nearly-impossible task: to find or create a material that would be able to withstand the conditions of prolonged hypersonic flight -- the intense heat chief among them -- that would not be too cost-prohibitive. While the Peregrine was not planned to be produced in large numbers, Consolidated Arms nevertheless knew that there was a limit on how much the HAF would be willing to spend per Peregrine. Several exotic materials were proposed, but all were rejected, due to the exorbitant price of manufacturing them on such a large scale. It appeared that Consolidated Arms had reached an impasse until reinforced carbon-carbon (RCC) came to the designers' attention.

Carbon is well-known for its tremendous ability to resist heat; in fact, it has the best heat-conduction properties of any element known to man. Reinforced carbon-carbon is a composite material consisting of carbon fiber reinforcement in a matrix of graphite, often with a silicon carbide coating to prevent oxidation. Renowned as a particularly resilient form of carbon for its superb heat-resistant properties, it is used as heat shielding for the nose cone and leading edges of the U.S. space shuttle. However, while RCC has excellent heat-conduction properties, it lacks impact resistance; that is, it is susceptible to cracking or breaking when struck with sufficient force. Obviously, this is not a desirable quality to have for a material composing an aircraft that would attain hypersonic speeds, and so another material with incredible tensile strength was also needed to supplement the RCC. Despite its cost and potential manufacturing difficulties, the designers at Consolidated Arms chose to reinforce the RCC with C60, buckminsterfullerene, which has been hailed by some scientists as the strongest material known to man.

The outer layer of RCC is bonded with an underlying layer of C60, thus providing the necessary qualities: a mix of heat-resistance and tensile strength. These qualities made the new material, dubbed "C60-reinforced RCC" by the Consolidated Arms engineers, the perfect choice for the airframe of the B-7, and so, consequently, the Peregrine is composed of a fifty-millimeter layer of C60-reinforced RCC.

[Propulsion]

Given the stringent requirements in the areas of extreme speed, range, and altitude, the engineers at Consolidated Arms had little choice but to develop their own pulse-detonation wave engine in order to power the Peregrine concept. After nearly forty months of research and development prior to the start of Project Dreamscape, Consolidated Arms had made halting progress on its PDE-700 pulse-detonation wave engine (PDWE) concept. With the support of the HAF on Project Dreamscape, however, the PDE-700 project was put on the fast track for completion. Some twenty months later, Consolidated Arms produced its first production model of the PDE-700 PWDE. As such, the B-7 is powered by a pair of the newly-completed Consolidated Arms, Inc. PDE-700 pulse-detonation wave engines, for a combined total thrust of 200,000 pounds.

[Avionics]

The engineers at Consolidated Arms took the attitude of "if it ain't broke, don't fix it" when designing the avionics of the Peregrine, adapting nearly the entire avionics suite from the F-150 "Ebonhawk."

The Peregrine features an advanced Fly-by-Optics control system -- almost a necessity considering the high speeds the Peregrine would be attaining -- for enhanced response time, better control, and increased reliability.

The Peregrine Advanced RADAR Tracking System (PARTS), an upgraded AN/APG-77 AESA RADAR unit, serves as the main component of the Peregrine's sensor suite, with a range of three hundred twenty kilometers. Additionally, the PARTs contains a module similar to the one employed by the Ebonhawk; this module cycles through a wide range of frequencies twice a second, so as to prevent the aircraft's radar from being jammed. The PARTS is augmented by a LIDAR/LADAR suite, with a range of thirty and seventy kilometers, respectively.

The Peregrine also fields multiple new avionics technologies adapted from the Sarzonian components used in the F-150. Chief among these is the Holographic Heads-Up Display (HHUD) system, adapted from the Sarzonian AHDS-1 Helmet-Mounted HUD System, which allows for the pilots of the aircraft to simply look at the target to achieve a lock. When the HHUD is used in conjunction with the new Advanced Voice-Command System (AVCS), the pilot has unparalleled capabilities when receiving, integrating, and utilizing in-flight information to his best advantage. The aircraft's superb sensor suite allows for up to one hundred twenty aircraft or ground targets to be tracked at any given time via an HMSC-10 Mobile Supercomputer system, similar to the Sarzonian SCS-1 Mobile Super Computer unit, which gives the aircraft nearly unmatched processing power, and for eight of them to be targeted and engaged simultaneously at ranges exceeding eighty miles.

[Armament]

Due to its unusual abilities and operating conditions, it follows that the Peregrine's weaponry would be similarly unique, and this is certainly the case. For a craft with such a specialized mission profile, the B-7 is well-equipped to fulfill it, capable of mounting no less than five armament variations, which are detailed below.
Variant One: A payload of up to 12,000 pounds of modified conventional explosives, whose casings have been reinforced and made temperature-resistant to ensure that the explosive can survive hypersonic conditions, can be mounted on six modular hardpoints in the Peregrine's internal bay.
Variant Two: A payload of the equivalent of 12,000 pounds of conventional explosives in nuclear free-fall bombs, also mounted on six modular hardpoints in the Peregrine's internal bay. The typical weapon used is the Mk-83H bomb: an updated, modified version of the United States' Mk-83 (http://nuclearweaponarchive.org/Usa/Weapons/B83.html). The bomb has been given reinforced, temperature-resistant casings to survive a drop from high altitude and hypersonic speed, and has had its various electronic systems updated to modern standards.
Variant Three: A separately-designed Rocket-Boosted Autonomous Gliding-Reentry Vehicle (RAGV), carrying small independent warheads with high-explosive munitions or submunitions, would be launched from the internal bay, and would descend from high altitude to deliver its payload in a more conventional (and possibly more precise) fashion than the Peregrine itself.
Variant Four: A modified Rods-of-God (RoGs) system, whereby an upscaled rotary launcher, similar to the one mounted on the F-150 "Ebonhawk," would hold six twelve-meter-long RoGs. The Peregrine would then ascend to a high altitude, release its RoG(s) at a designated point, and let the Rod(s) glide to its target.
Variant Five: A military-grade spy or communications satellite can be mounted in the Peregrine's internal bay for the rapid deployment of satellites and other autonomous space-based assets.
B-7 "Peregrine" Specifications

Classification: High-altitude, hypersonic strategic bomber
Length: 32 m.
Wingspan: 16 m.
Height: 12 m.
Propulsion: 2 x Consolidated Arms, Inc. PDE-700 pulse-detonation wave engines (200,000 lbs. maximum thrust)
Range: 33,140 km.
Supercruise: Mach 12
Maximum Speed: Mach 15
Cruising Altitude: 60,960 m.
Maximum Altitude: 76,200 m.
Normal Payload: 9,000 lbs.
Maximum Payload: 12,000 lbs.
Empty Weight: 17,235 kg.
Maximum Weight: 34,470 kg.
Crew: One
Price: $2.5 billion

Cuirassier-class SSK

Cuirassier Class SSK

Overview

In addition to a powerful fleet of SSNs necessary for long range patrols, offensive operations, escorting fleets and carrying out cruise missile attacks on foreign powers, the Admiralty decided that a fleet of modern conventionally powered submarines able to run off battery power for a period of time would be a useful asset for the Imperial Navy. To that end, the Cuirassier Class was commissioned to Admiralty Specification 7.803 and is expected to prove useful in littoral and shallow water combat, as well as for silently deploying small teams of marines abroad.

Armament

The vessel is primarily equipped with eight heavy 25" torpedo tubes mounted forward. These provide a powerful anti-surface and anti-submarine punch and, in combination with the near undetectability on passive sonar of the Cuirassier Class, present a significant threat to any surface or sub-surface enemy. The tubes are capable of dispensing torpedos, missiles, mines and other stores. In addition to its torpedo armament, the Cuirassier Class is armed with an 8 cell Ballista VLS launcher in the tower, which can be equipped with sub-launched Javelin (Flight II) SAMs for destroying aerial threats, but these can also be loaded with SSMs and land attack missiles.

Protection

Although it is impossible to truely 'armour' a submarine, the Cuirassier is nonetheless extremely well protected. Anechoic tiles cover its outer hull, greatly reducing noise emissions which are already extremely low. The submarine can also, unlike a nuclear submarine, shut down its engines and run solely off of battery power, reducing its noise emissions to practically nothing. The vessel is double hulled, with both hulls constructed from amorphous steel - a non-magnetic and very strong material - resulting in an impressive crush depth.


General Specifications

Dimensions: (length): 70m; (beam): 7.5m; (draught): 8m
Complement: 52 Officers and Ratings
Propulsion: 2x Imperial Oil & Gas 6.2MW COGAG Turbines; 1x Imperial Oil & Gas 1MW AIP Fuel Cell all powering a single IPS Mk.12 Waterjet
Maximum Speed: 22kts (surfaced); 27kts (submerged); 8kts (fuel cells)
Cruising Speed: 17kts (surfaced); 21kts (submerged); 6kts (fuel cells)
Crush Depth: 750m (standard); 900m (critical)
Armour / Construction: Double hulled amorphorous steel. Anechoic tiling.
Armament:
Missiles
1x 8 (2x4) cell Ballista VLS (8 missiles)
Torpedoes
8x 25" (635mm) Torpedo Tubes (36 weapons)
Endurance: (fuel): 8,000nm @ 12kts; (fuel cells): 1,500nm @ 6kts; (consumables): 8 months' standard
Displacement: 3,245 metric tonnes
Electronics: ImpElec P-111 Surface-Search Radar; ImpElec P-211 Air-Search Radar; ImpElec A-111 SubSurface-Search Sonar; ImpElec A-711 SubSurface-Search Countermeasure Co-ordination Radar & Systems; ImpElec G-101 SCG Naval Fire Control Radar; ImpElec O-912 Digital Periscope Suite; ImpOrd CC-450 SubSurface Countermeasures Suite

Operating Costs: $15,000,000

Royal Sovereign-class superdreadnaught

Royal Sovereign Class DN

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v387/Praetonia/RoyalSovereignClassSmall.png
Larger image (http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v387/Praetonia/RoyalSovereignClass.png)

Overview

The Royal Sovereign Class is the first Praetonian superdreadnought sized vessel to be constructed for some years since the conclusion of the Centurion Class construction project. Ostensibly intended as a test-bed for the new 27.5" naval artillery piece produced by Imperial Ordnance, the weapon was accepted into Praetonian service before the first vessel was commissioned and the class is expected to take a prominent role in the Imperial Praetonian Navy's heavy-hitting super-dreadnought arsenal. Armed with sixteen 27.5"/84 ETC Naval Rifles, the vessel is a dangerous opponent for any similarly sized vessel. The ship is also very heavily armoured for its size, and can take a considerable amount of punishment.

The vessel is a good, solid gun platform able to endure heavy storms, and is capable of carrying a large amount of supplies and general stores to support other operations. Armed with strategic-length missile tubes, the vessel can deploy strategic nuclear munitions, or engage 'god-rod' carrying satellites. Supporting a heavy secondary battery - a new innovation for Praetonian capital warships - and a hefty missile battery, the vessel is capable of filling a variety of roles, from land-attack, general anti-ship combat, air- and missile-defence to its primarily intended role - combating other super-dreadnoughts in gunnery duels.


General Specifications

Dimensions: (length): 869m; (beam): 152m; (draught): 30m
Complement: 10,850 Officers and Ratings
Propulsion: 4x Imperial Atomworks 250MW AGCR; 2x Imperial Oil & Gas 40MW COGAD Turbines powering four internal IPS Mk.12 Waterjets
Maximum Speed: 34kts
Cruising Speed: 30kts
Armour / Construction: Ballistic ceramics and high-tensile strength steel alloys backed by a titanium superstructure and spectra fibre spalling layer. Void spaces around engines and magazines. Advanced fire-control systems throughout vessel. Double bottomed and equipped with reinforced keel for torpedo protection.
Belt: 620mm - 1,670mm
Turrets: 2,100mm - 920mm
Barbettes: 1,400mm
Deck: 800mm + 150mm
Superstructure: 720mm - 300mm
Armament:
16x 27.5"/84 PS-ETC Naval Guns in four quad turrets (pos. A, B, Y and Z) (6,400 shells)
16x 15"/64 PS-ETC Naval Guns in eight dual turrets (10,000 shells)
36x 6"/72 PS-ETC Naval Guns in eighteen dual turrets (36,000 shells)
100x 4.25" PS-ETC DP Guns in forty-eight dual turrets (25,000 shells)
8x Testudo C(ombined)G(un)R(ocket)CIWS (48,000 shells; 48 rockets)
24x Testudo-S S(upercavitating)G(un)CIWS (96,000 shells)
40x 7.7mm caseless chainguns
Missiles
2x 14 (7x2) cell Bulldog VLS (28 missiles)
60x 64 (8x8) cell Ballista VLS (7680 missiles)
64x 32 cell Wellington AMMS (2048 missiles)
Torpedoes
16x 25" (635mm) Torpedo Tubes (400 weapons)
4x 1000mm Torpedo Tubes (100 weapons)
Aviation: 4x Helicopter or VTOL aircraft (hangar space); 10x Helicopter or VTOL aircraft (maximum stowage)
Endurance: (fuel): 16 years' continuous; (consumables): 18 months' standard
Displacement: 1,436,260 metric tonnes (standard) 1,710,205 (fully laden)
Electronics: ImpElec P-111 Surface-Search Radar; ImpElec P-211 Air-Search Radar; ImpElec A-111 SubSurface-Search Sonar; ImpElec A-722 Surface Countermeasure Co-ordination Radar & Systems; ImpElec A-711 SubSurface-Search Countermeasure Co-ordination Radar & Systems; ImpElec G-101 SCG Naval Fire Control Radar; ImpOrd CS-230 Surface Countermeasures Suite; ImpOrd CC-450 SubSurface Countermeasures Suite

Operating Costs: $8,000,000,000

Sovereign-class Flight II dreadnaught

Sovereign Class DN (Flight II)

http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v387/Praetonia/SovereignClassBCN.png

Overview

Designed as the heavily armed and armoured punch of a Praetonian battlefleet as well as a vessel able to operate in packs at the centre of large battlefleets including the Grand Fleet itself, the Sovereign Class is the most powerful non-superdreadnought design in Praetonian service. The vessel is fast enough to keep up with a battlefleet, and is capable of most taking and dishing out a great deal of firepower at a price affordable for widespread deployment. Recently classified a 'Dreadnought' as opposed to a 'Battleship', the Sovereign sits towards the lower end of super-capitals.

Armament

The vessel's formidable gun armament consists of sixteen 20" IS-ETC rifles mounted in four quad turrets, two to the fore and two to the aft of the ship. Each gun is equipped with an electromagnetic rifling system allowing for an overall increased muzzle velocity and therefore range which can also be used as a direct electromagnetic acceleration assist, if required. In addition to its primary gun armament, the vessel is armed with a number of smaller 6" guns in dual turrets along the ouriggers and a considerable complement of missiles via the Ballista VLS, including SSMs, SAMs, LAMs and ASROCs. The vessel is also armed with four sets of 4 torpedo tubes in armoured mounts about the ship, and the dreadnought is capable of maintaining and deploying up to four helicopters or VTOL planes for ASW or AShW work.

Protection

The Sovereign Class is the most heavily armoured non-superdreadnought in the Praetonian navy, and its thick belt, deck, turret and superstructure armour is complemented by void spaces filled by flame retardant foam, additional magazine and reactor plating and advanced fire control systems. As with all Praetonian ships, the bridge, reactors and magazines are all below decks (aside from VLS) protecting them from all by heavy plunging fire. The vessel is designed to offer protection against anything up to its own main gun calibre. In addition to passive defences, the vessel is protected by CIWS guns and, more prominently, the Wellington AMMS which is beginning the supplant gun-based systems in Praetonian service.


General Specifications

Dimensions: (length): 412m; (beam): 87m; (draught): 18m
Complement: 1,634 Officers and Ratings
Propulsion: 3x Imperial Atomworks 125MW AGCR; 2x Imperial Oil & Gas 25MW COGAD Turbines powering four internal IPS Mk.12 Waterjets
Maximum Speed: 35kts
Cruising Speed: 31kts
Armour / Construction: Ballistic ceramics and high-tensile strength steel alloys backed by a titanium superstructure and spectra fibre spalling layer. Void spaces around engines and magazines. Advanced fire-control systems throughout vessel. Double bottomed and equipped with reinforced keel for torpedo protection.
Armament:
16x 20"/72 PS-ETC Naval Guns in four quad turrets (pos. A, B, Y and Z) (2,200 shells)
16x 6" PS-ETC Naval Guns in eight dual turrets (8,000 shells)
12x Testudo C(ombined)G(un)R(ocket)CIWS (72,000 shells; 72 rockets)
6x Testudo-S S(upercavitating)G(un)CIWS (24,000 shells)
12x 7.7mm caseless chainguns
Missiles
8x 64 (8x8) cell Ballista VLS (512 missiles)
24x 32 cell Wellington AMMS (768 missiles)
Torpedoes
16x 25" (635mm) Torpedo Tubes (200 weapons)
Aviation: 4x Helicopter or VTOL aircraft (hangar space); 6x Helicopter or VTOL aircraft (maximum stowage)
Endurance: (fuel): 16 years' continuous; (consumables): 18 months' standard
Displacement: 253,959 metric tonnes
Electronics: ImpElec P-111 Surface-Search Radar; ImpElec P-211 Air-Search Radar; ImpElec A-111 SubSurface-Search Sonar; ImpElec A-722 Surface Countermeasure Co-ordination Radar & Systems; ImpElec A-711 SubSurface-Search Countermeasure Co-ordination Radar & Systems; ImpElec G-101 SCG Naval Fire Control Radar; ImpOrd CS-230 Surface Countermeasures Suite; ImpOrd CC-450 SubSurface Countermeasures Suite

Operating Costs: $616,000,000

Duke-class battlecruiser

Duke Class BCN

Overview

In addition to heavier elements designed to operate as part of major battlegroups and deployments, the Imperial Praetonian Navy has shown considerable interest in the ideal of a "Battlecruiser" or more accurately, a "Pocket Battleship" to operate as the flagships of small, fast squadrons that can spread across the world's oceans and provide a rapid response capability almost anywhere in the world. As such, the Duke Class is very heavily armed for a vessel intended for escort and patrol, and is also capable of carrying relatively large numbers of Naval Infantry or marines. The vessel is a sleek trimaran with powerful engines, allowing it to reach a very high maximum speed for its size and type. It is the fastest battleship in Praetonian service and one of the fastest available today.

Armament

The vessel's primary armament is it's heavy gun armament, consisting of nine 14" IS-ETC naval guns mounted in three triple turrets, two fore and one aft. The turrets are rotated by powerful electric motors and can train very quickly, and advanced mechanised loading systems allow the Monarch Class to fire a total of 45 rounds per minute with all nine of her guns brought to bear. The vessel's secondary armament consists of Ballista VLS emplacements, of which 8 are provided, all housing 48 missiles for a total of 384 missiles - SSMs, SAMs, LAMs and 'ASROC' types - carried. The vessel is also armed with six torpedo tubes mounted fore and aft for anti-submarine warfare and close range anti-surface warfare, and can carry up to four helicopters for the same purpose.

Protection

As a Battlecruiser, the Duke Class is provided with substantial protection against enemy gunfire of up to its own main gun calibre, featuring a heavy armoured belt, deck plating, turret and superstructure armour, as well as heavy additional protection over magazines and the reactor compartments. The vessel can shrug off most regular anti-ship missiles without sustaining major damage. In addition to passive protection, the vessel is armed with a smattering of CIWS guns, which are being phased out in favour of the Wellington AMMS system, of which the Duke Class has several.


General Specifications

Dimensions: (length): 250m; (beam): 57m; (draught): 15m
Complement: 550 Officers and Ratings
Propulsion: 2x Imperial Atomworks 125MW AGCR; 4x Imperial Oil & Gas 8.2MW COGAD Turbines powering two internal IPS Mk.12 Waterjets
Maximum Speed: 37kts
Cruising Speed: 34kts
Armour / Construction: Ballistic ceramics and high-tensile strength steel alloys backed by a titanium superstructure and spectra fibre spalling layer. Void spaces around engines and magazines. Advanced fire-control systems throughout vessel. Double bottomed and equipped with reinforced keel for torpedo protection.
Armament:
9x 14" IS-ETC Naval Guns in three triple turrets (pos. A, B and Y) (1,800 shells)
6x Testudo C(ombined)G(un)R(ocket)CIWS (36,000 shells; 36 rockets)
4x Testudo-S S(upercavitating)G(un)CIWS (16,000 shells)
2x 7.7mm caseless chainguns
Missiles
8x 48 (6x8) cell Ballista VLS (384 missiles)
8x 32 cell Wellington AMMS (256 missiles)
Torpedoes
8x 25" (635mm) Torpedo Tubes (88 weapons)
Aviation: 4x Helicopter or VTOL aircraft (hangar space); 6x Helicopter or VTOL aircraft (maximum stowage)
Endurance: (fuel): 16 years' continuous; (consumables): 18 months' standard
Displacement: 62,265 metric tonnes
Electronics: ImpElec P-111 Surface-Search Radar; ImpElec P-211 Air-Search Radar; ImpElec A-111 SubSurface-Search Sonar; ImpElec A-722 Surface Countermeasure Co-ordination Radar & Systems; ImpElec A-711 SubSurface-Search Countermeasure Co-ordination Radar & Systems; ImpElec G-101 SCG Naval Fire Control Radar; ImpOrd CS-230 Surface Countermeasures Suite; ImpOrd CC-450 SubSurface Countermeasures Suite

Operating Costs: $180,000,000

County-class aircraft carrier (Halberdgardian designation of Colossal-class)

County Class CVN


Overview

The workhorse of the new Praetonian carrier fleet, the County Class CVN is designed to be able to transport, safely, and launch 110 carrier planes and defend itself from enemy fire during a battle. To that end it is more heavily armoured than most carriers. Its trimaran design gives it a significant advantage in terms of deck area as well as in terms of speed and protection. The vessel is capable of keeping up with a fleet at cruising speed and can be loaded either with helicopters or with fixed-wing aircraft.

Armament

The vessel's primary armament is its planes, of which there are 110 in normal conditions and 95 when on light duties, although the carrier can accomodate up to 125 planes in emergency wartime conditions. The carrier features significant facilities for storing these planes, ammunitons and fuel as well as maintaining them, mostly below the waterline. The planes are carried up to the flight deck by four powerful lifts, allowing the carrier to launch a steady stream of planes even with none on deck, and launches its planes via a number of powerful EM rams. The vessel is equipped with arrestor wires for planes to land, as well as advanced radar direction systems to guide planes in even in zero-visibility conditions. In addition to its plane armament, the carrier is armed with two 6" guns in a single turret capable of firing across decks, although this is primarily intended to defend the vessel from littoral threats rather than engage in offensive activity.

Protection

As a capital ship, the County is well armoured like many other Praetonian vessels. It has a relatively low profile as well as strong belt, deck and superstructure armour. The deck armour is especially thick, and is constructed in blocks so that a damaged runway can be repaired and brought back into action during the course of a battle. The bridge and reactors as well as aviation fuel and munitions are stored below the waterline, safe from most enemy fire. In addition to passive protection, the vessel is defended by a number of CIWS guns and Wellington AMMS launchers.


General Specifications

Dimensions: (length): 362m; (beam): 72m; (draught): 12m
Complement: 732 Officers and Ratings; 1,148 Flight Crew
Propulsion: 3x Imperial Atomworks 125MW AGCR; 2x Imperial Oil & Gas 25MW COGAD Turbines powering four internal IPS Mk.12 Waterjets
Maximum Speed: 36kts
Cruising Speed: 32kts
Armour / Construction: Ballistic ceramics and high-tensile strength steel alloys backed by a titanium superstructure and spectra fibre spalling layer. Void spaces around engines and magazines. Advanced fire-control systems throughout vessel. Double bottomed and equipped with reinforced keel for torpedo protection. Modular flight deck repair system.
Armament:
2x 6" PS-ETC Naval Guns in a single dual turret (side outrigger) (250 shells)
8x Testudo C(ombined)G(un)R(ocket)CIWS (48,000 shells; 48 rockets)
6x Testudo-S S(upercavitating)G(un)CIWS (24,000 shells)
6x 7.7mm caseless chainguns
Missiles
1x 64 (8x8) cell Ballista VLS (64 missiles)
12x 32 cell Wellington AMMS (384 missiles)
Torpedoes
[None]
Aviation: 110x Helicopter or VTOL aircraft (hangar space); 125x Helicopter or VTOL aircraft (maximum stowage)
Endurance: (fuel): 16 years' continuous; (consumables): 18 months' standard
Displacement: 138,078 metric tonnes
Electronics: ImpElec P-111 Surface-Search Radar; ImpElec P-211 Air-Search Radar; ImpElec A-111 SubSurface-Search Sonar; ImpElec A-722 Surface Countermeasure Co-ordination Radar & Systems; ImpElec A-711 SubSurface-Search Countermeasure Co-ordination Radar & Systems; ImpElec G-101 SCG Naval Fire Control Radar; ImpElec C-588 Aviation Control System; ImpOrd CS-230 Surface Countermeasures Suite; ImpOrd CC-450 SubSurface Countermeasures Suite

Operating Costs: $283,500,000

Minister-class escort

Minister Class FFN

Overview

Designed to act as a picket ship and general purpose escort, the Minister Class FFN is designed in two variants. Firstly, the 'N' variant, equipped with a nuclear engine to allow it to keep up with a fleet of IPS warships on the same fuel, and secondly a '-' version equipped with a COGAG turbine engine, designed for convoy escorts and other less important non-battlefleet work. The vessel is primarily oriented towards protecting itself and other ships at the expense of heavy anti-surface armaments.

Armament

The vessel is armed with a medium 6" IS-ETC naval cannon and two single 30mm ETC naval autocannon which provide the vessel with a powerful surface punch against nearby targets such as pirate ships, raiders and merchant vessels. Primarily, however, the vessel is armed with a single 64 cell Ballista VLS emplacement designed to house primarily SAMs and 'ASROC' style weapons, although it can just as easily mount SSMs and land attack weapons. In addition to this, the vessel is equipped with a helicopter for ASW and limited ASuW and torpedo tubes for ASW and close range ASuW.

Protection

The vessel is protected primarily by a heavy layer of spectra fibre which provides immunity to small arms fire and machineguns and strong resistance to light cannon. In addition to this armour / anti-spalling layer, the vessel's steel alloy structure also affords substantial protection against light anti-shipping missiles and notable resistance against heavier weapons. The vessel is also equipped with two Wellington AMMS mounts for active defence of itself and nearby ships, as well as a Testudo CGRCIWS for close-in defence against enemy fire.


General Specifications

Dimensions: (length): 121m; (beam): 15m; (draught): 5.4m
Complement: 112 Officers and Ratings
Propulsion: ('N' Variant): 1x Imperial Atomworks 45MW AGCR; 1x Imperial Oil & Gas 4.4MW COGAD Turbine powering a single internal IPS Mk.12 Waterjet; ('-' Variant): 2x Imperial Oil & Gas 18.6MW COGAG Turbines powering a single internal IPS Mk.12 Waterjet
Maximum Speed: ('N' Variant): 37kts; ('-' Variant): 32kts
Cruising Speed: ('N' Variant): 34kts; ('-' Variant): 21kts
Armour / Construction: High-tensile strength steel alloys backed by a spectra fibre spalling layer. Void spaces around engines and magazines. Advanced fire-control systems throughout vessel. Double bottomed and equipped with reinforced keel for torpedo protection.
Armament:
1x 6" IS-ETC Naval Gun in a single turret (pos. A) (200 shells)
1x Testudo C(ombined)G(un)R(ocket)CIWS (6,000 shells; 6 rockets)
2x Testudo-S S(upercavitating)G(un)CIWS (8,000 shells)
2x 7.7mm caseless chainguns
Missiles
1x 64 (8x8) cell Ballista VLS (64 missiles)
1x 32 cell Wellington AMMS (32 missiles)
Torpedoes
2x 25" (635mm) Torpedo Tubes (36 weapons)
Aviation: 1x Helicopter or VTOL aircraft (hangar space); 2x Helicopter or VTOL aircraft (maximum stowage)
Endurance: ('N' Variant fuel): 16 years' continuous; ('-' Variant fuel): 5,700nm at 21kts; (consumables): 5 months' standard
Displacement: 5,945 metric tonnes
Electronics: ImpElec P-111 Surface-Search Radar; ImpElec P-211 Air-Search Radar; ImpElec A-111 SubSurface-Search Sonar; ImpElec A-722 Surface Countermeasure Co-ordination Radar & Systems; ImpElec A-711 SubSurface-Search Countermeasure Co-ordination Radar & Systems; ImpElec G-101 SCG Naval Fire Control Radar; ImpOrd CS-230 Surface Countermeasures Suite; ImpOrd CC-450 SubSurface Countermeasures Suite

Operating Costs: $25,000,000

PRA Creative Weapons Division -- Pleurisitic Airborne Virus

Pleurisitic Airborne Virus

Causes the inflammation of the pleurisitic membrane surrounding the lungs. The sack then fills with bodily fluids, compressing the lungs until the organs can no longer take in oxygen. The victim dies a slow, painful death by asphyxiation. Side effects are chest bloating, wheezing, coughing, and oozing pores. Airborne and highly contagious. Onset time is set by the genetic code of the virus, ranging from a few minutes to several days delay. Death will occur within minutes of onset.

PRA Creative Weapons Division -- Genetically Enhanced Rotovirus

Genetically Enhanced Rotovirus

One of the most common virii in the world, rotovirus infects nearly every human being in the world, and is the cause of over 5% of fatalities in the 0-5 age group. Knowing a good thing when they saw it, the dedicated scientists at Pale Rider Arms Creative Weapons have successfully altered the virus, allowing it to be more effective, longer lasting, and quite a bit more painful.

Rotovirus infects the lining of the digestive tract, infecting and killing cells while spreading toxins throughout the body. Cells slough off of the walls of the tract, and pass out of the body (along with much of the bodies water) as intensely painful diarrhea. Damage to the stomach, esophagus and intestines causes extreme pain, and can seriously damage these vital organs. The disease spreads via contact with infected waste, although initial introduction via aerosol is possible and suggested for maximum exposure.

Symptoms
Intense diarrhea
Vomiting
Intense abdominal pain
Dehydration, possibly leading to death
Possible organ failure

Onset Time: 24 hours
Duration: Approximately 7 days

PRA Creative Weapons Division -- Carrion

Carrion

With an incubation period of approximately one week, Carrion is infectious from day two, allowing the disease to spread quickly and quietly, passing beneath the radar of many targets. The virus acts primarily in the brain and respiratory tract. Tissue in both areas breaks down rapidly after the incubation period is completed and virus levels reach a critical mass. Symptoms include sneezing, coughing, occasional stroke-like symptoms, increased aggressiveness, and paranoia, finally leading to death from either suffocation or brain failure.

Carrion is transmitted primarily by infected fluids, mostly mucus hacked up by victims, and spittle from coughs, sneezes and even breathing during early-stage infections, and can be considered airborne to a limited extent.

PRA Creative Weapons Division -- Frost

Frost

Originally intended as a medical treatment (much like quite a few other PRA chemicals), the designer drug Frost is engineered to lower the subject's body temperature. This was originally used to combat high fevers, but the effects of an overdose were too useful to pass up.

Frost works by reacting with iron in the blood stream. When the iron in the blood comes into contact with Frost, an endothermic reaction occurs, chilling the body. Under normal dosages, this drop ranges from one to eight degrees farenheit, but an overdose can lower the body's internal temperature by a large margin, as low as 60 degrees, causing hypothermia and death.

Frost is normally applied via DMSO or injection, although an aerosol version is available for use by both civilian medical organizations (with the proper license) and the military. Depending on the circumstances, carcerands may be used to either delay the effects of the drug or to ensure that it reaches the proper sections of the body.

B-7 "Peregrine" Mk. II Hypersonic Weapons Delivery System

B-7 "Peregrine" Mk. II Hypersonic Weapons Delivery System (HWDS)

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[Abstract]

After successfully completing the top-secret "Project Dreamscape" with the covert production of the B-7 "Peregrine" HWDS, Consolidated Arms was quietly hailed for its amazing technical achievements by those who knew of the project's existence. However, after limited clandestine uses of the Peregrine, it became clear that the aircraft's technology was in need of an update. Its pulse-detonation engine technology was not unique in the aviation world, and Consolidated Arms had been experimenting with new components to upgrade the Peregrine's deadliness to even higher levels. In doing so, they created a comprehensive upgrade package for the original Peregrine that would bring it up to what Consolidated Arms dubbed "Mk. II status." The B-7 "Peregrine" Mk. II not only maintains the original Peregrine's impressive capabilities in the areas of prompt global strike (the ability to strike a target anywhere within a massive range on short notice), prompt theater strike (the ability to strike a target within a specified theater on short notice), and persistent area strike (the ability to rapidly reach a target area and loiter for a time in anticipation of striking a target), but it improves upon them through the use of revolutionary new airframe, propulsion, and armament systems.

[Airframe]

Consolidated Arms' development of C60-reinforced RCC for the original Peregrine was a major breakthrough, perhaps the one that allowed the entire project to go forward. While the material performed extraordinarily in protecting the Peregrine from both the incredible heat and stresses of hypersonic flight, as well as any other threats the aircraft might encounter from hostile forces, the engineers at Consolidated Arms realized that the new technologies they had developed for the Mk. II upgrade would take the Peregrine both faster and far higher than the original had ever gone, and so an update was necessary. As such, they dramatically increased the armor Peregrine Mk. II to ten centimeters of C60-reinforced RCC, up from fifty millimeters in the original design. This increase provides the Peregrine Mk. II with outstanding protection for its new re-entry and hypersonic flight capabilities. Additionally, the original's more conventional aerodynamic flight control mechanisms have been replaced with advanced new mission-adaptive microhydraulic actuators that are capable of changing almost any part of the wings' or fuselage's surface as needed for optimal performance, making the entire aircraft a lift or drag device.

[Propulsion]

Perhaps the one breakthrough that spurred the release of the Mk. II upgrade kit was the development of a new propulsion system that promised to improve dramatically upon the old PDE-700 pulse-detonation wave engines in the areas of speed, maximum altitude, and, remarkably, fuel efficiency. Consolidated Arms decided to abandon the logistical and maintenance complexities of the PDE-700 in favor of a revolutionary new rocket-based propulsion system, dubbed the Laser Pulse Detonation Rocket System (LPDRS).

The Laser Pulse Detonation Rocket System is nothing short of a paradigm shift in the field of rocket -- and, indeed, aircraft -- propulsion. They are essentially heavily modified turbofan engines that mount some unusual new technology, and have been considerably strengthened and made more heat-resistant to withstand the stresses of hypersonic flight. The LPDRS engines operate like conventional turbofans during takeoff and conventional atmospheric flight. However, once a higher-altitude course has been set, the LPDRS begins to show its enhancements on the conventional turbofan. As the aircraft gains speed and altitude, heat-tolerant vanes extend across the engine inlets, diverting airflow around the fan blades and compressor sections; as the air moves farther into the engine, it is mixed with small "pulses" of jet fuel. These pulses of air-fuel mixture are then detonated in rapid succession by several diode laser emitters, providing the craft with tremendous forward thrust. This instantaneous pulsed detonation produces a fifty percent increase in thrust over conventional rocket engines, as well as the capability of climbing in excess of ten thousand feet per second, all while using as little as a few hundred pounds of fuel per hour to maintain the impulse process.

When the aircraft begins to reach the outer limits of the atmosphere at three hundred thousand feet, the LPDRS engines' inlet spikes close even further. In place of atmospheric air to oxidize the pulse detonations, the LPDRS engines draw on an internal tank of borohydrogen tetroxide, which burns one hundred times more efficiently than liquid oxygen and increases the specific impulse of each engine by several thousand percent. This arrangement allows the aircraft to achieve extraordinarily high altitudes at speeds that would be impossible in the atmosphere: low Earth orbit and beyond, at speeds in excess of Mach 20. The LPDRS also features three-dimensional thrust-vectoring capabilities for improved maneuverability in atmosphere and in orbit.

[Avionics]

The engineers at Consolidated Arms took the attitude of "if it ain't broke, don't fix it" when considering the avionics of the Mk. II Peregrine, adapting nearly the entire avionics suite from the Mk. I iteration.

The Mk. II retains the advanced Fly-by-Optics control system of the original -- a necessity, given the incredible speeds the Peregrine would be attaining -- for enhanced response time, better control, and increased reliability.

Additionally, the Peregrine Advanced RADAR Tracking System (PARTS), a powerful synthetic aperture radar unit capable of producing images with the resolution of photographs taken from 200 to 400 feet, has been retained as the central component of the Mk. II's sensor suite. The PARTS contains a module that randomly cycles through a wide range of frequencies twice a second, so as to prevent the aircraft's radar from being jammed. The PARTS is augmented by a high-resolution LADAR imaging system, a gamma ray spectrometer, and a variety of other sensors that ensure the Mk. II is capable of performing both reconnaissance and attack roles. The Mk. II has also been fitted with a tight-beam laser communications system to overcome radio blackouts resulting from the ionization of the air surrounding the aircraft during atmospheric re-entry, as well as to communicate with, and transmit to or receive data from, a wide variety of ground-based, naval, airborne, or spaceborne assets.

The Peregrine also fields an advanced new high-resolution holographic "supercockpit" display inside both crew compartments for optimal integration of all sensor data. The Holographic Heads-Up Display (HHUD) system, retained from previous Consolidated Arms aircraft, allows for the pilots of the aircraft to simply look at the target to achieve a lock. When the HHUD is used in conjunction with the new Advanced Voice-Command System (AVCS), the pilot has unparalleled capabilities when receiving, integrating, and utilizing in-flight information to his best advantage. The Mk. II's powerful HMSC-25 Mobile Supercomputer system allows for the identification, tracking, and targeting of up to two hundred ground-based, naval, airborne, or spaceborne targets.

[Armament]

The many variants of the Mk. I iteration were done away with for the Mk. II project, with Consolidated Arms instead preferring to develop a standard delivery platform that would allow for a more versatile range of deployment options, rather than a limited range within the parameters of the Mk. I's weapon bay.

The Mk. II's standard payload is a pair of BDU-58 Meteors mounted in the craft's internal bay. Each Meteor consists of a large heat-shielded container fitted with a liquid-rocket booster, guidance system, datalink communications system, and payload release mechanisms. Upon release, the Meteor rocket engine fires down and away from the craft before executing a burn to enter its own Earth orbit, where it can then maneuver as needed to ensure optimal payload deployment. After payload deployment, the Meteor can be deorbited to burn up in the atmosphere or left in a stable orbit to be recovered by other spacecraft and brought back to Earth for reuse. Each Meteor is capable of holding a maximum of five thousand pounds payload. Although a variety of weapons can be deployed from the Meteor, they typically contain three AGM-170D supersonic precision attack weapons (SPAWs). The SPAW is a two-stage solid-motor and scramjet-powered missile with a range of over one hundred miles and a top sustained cruise speed of over Mach 5, using GPS and inertial sensors to give it near-precision accuracy; additional datalinks from satellites, ground-based target designators, or other aircraft can refine the missile's accuracy even further. Each SPAW has a payload of one thousand five hundred pounds of thermium nitrate high explosive, equivalent to ten thousand pounds of TNT.

Alternative payloads for the Meteor include sixteen two-hundred-fifty-pound small-diameter precision-guided bombs or three twelve-hundred-pound precision-guided bombs. These latter munitions are fitted with winglets that allow for precision guidance or a gliding approach to a target; when released from high altitude, the weapons can glide as far as two hundred miles to a target or loiter in an area for several minutes to search for targets. The weapons have a triple-mode guidance system that locates targets via millimeter-wave radar, infrared, and satellite steering signals; after acquiring a lock on a target, each weapon uses tight-beam laser communications to "tell" the other weapons which target it is tracking and the quality of its target identification and lock, so that the other weapons can locate other targets.

Additionally, the internal bay can be fitted to contain a single large military-grade spy or communications satellite, or a "constellation" of microsatellites to provide prompt theater reconnaissance capabilities.

B-7 "Peregrine" Mk. II Specifications

Classification: Extreme-altitude hypersonic strategic bomber
Length: 108 ft.
Wingspan: 56 ft.
Height: 19 ft.
Propulsion: 2 x Consolidated Arms, Inc. Laser Pulse Detonation Rocket System engines
Range: 30,000 mi. (atmospheric); limited only by crew endurance and expendables (orbital)
Maximum Speed: Mach 8 (atmospheric); Mach 15 (suborbital); Mach 26 (low Earth orbit)
Cruising Altitude: 80,000 ft. (atmospheric); 392,000 ft. (suborbital); 464,000 ft. (low Earth orbit)
Maximum Altitude: 215 mi. (typical); limited only by expendables
Normal Payload: 6,000 lbs.
Maximum Payload: 10,000 lbs.
Empty Weight: 50,400 lbs.
Maximum Weight: 77,000 lbs.
Crew: Two (aircraft commander and mission commander)
Price: $5.38 billion

Hali-53 Assault Rifle

Hali-53 Multi-Service Assault Rifle [Five-Three M-SAR]

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[Drawn by Cravan]

Saga of the .221 Orchomenos
The .221 was introduced as the principle round of the Ejermacht with the release of relatively unconventional Hali-42 assault rifle. In fact, the entire package had spiraled away from prior rifle convention (the Hali-21). This rifle completely replaced the Ejermacht's rifle by 2014 and saw wide export. Ultimately, the rifle would see service in the War of Golden Succession (May 2016 - May 2018) in which several of its faults would be revealed - most of these faults were relevant to the .221 Orchomenos, not surprisingly. Almost immediately after the Treaty of Aurillac a general review of the rifle was funded by the Fuermak (armed forces). This review was tasked with pinpointing the problems of the Hali-42 and assisting the Ejermacht in providing a number of requirements for a future assault rifle. The task force operated between August 2018 and November 2019, with a white paper prepared for the government by January 2020.

Generally, all criticism of the .221 suggested that the round was by far too small for successful application as an assault rifle caliber. It was found that there were literally tens of thousands of complaints that in close quarter battles the .221 round was far too fast, and far too small, and would normally end in a through-and-through hit of the enemy soldier. Even though the round used a barbette in order to increase the damage inside the body, the barbette was not large enough to slow down the bullet, or damage the man enough to take him down in one shot. Consequently, it was found that many times it would take three to four bullets to bring down a man, ending in many more Imperial deaths - given that the enemy had more time to fire back, between the time of the first shot and the time he was taken down. Moreover, there were examples of wounded Havenic soldiers being tended to and being sent right into battle after they had been shot once or twice.

At longer ranges the .221 was found to be far more successful, as the bullet had time to slow down prior to impact. In fact, during the war there was an attempt to supply new .221 ammunition to troops destined to fight in Havenic cities during the Second Empire's advance south. It was found that logistically this was all but impossible, and not entirely feasible.

The task force also noted that the rifle within itself was far too complicated. For example, troops in the field found it hard to fix small problems and most of the time the rifle had to be exchanged for a brand new rifle, while the old rifle was sent back to the factory to be rebuilt. Ultimately this meant time and money - money that was not necessarily available. The main problem was the fact that the rifle used a binary liquid propellant with a caseless round. This meant that the liquid had to be stored in the rifle (making it less ergonomic) and pumped into the combustion chamber. Frequent problems with the pumps plagued early production versions of the rifle, and although the problem was tended to over the years the system was never liked by the personnel on the ground. Furthermore, despite the fact that the rifle fully armed was lighter due to the use of a liquid propellant, the fact remained that the storage cells in the rifle were bulky, making the rifle less ergonomic and harder to handle. In fact, it took a lot of experience and training to work around the poor physical design of the rifle.

The principle problems found in the Hali-42 soon found themselves as key points for the requirements outlined by the Ejermacht.

New requirements for a future rifle
Between January and March 2020 the Ejermacht outlined a series of requirements for various small-arms companies. These included:

- A new rifle caliber, superior in performance to the .221 Orchomenos and to existing 5.56mm assault rifle ammunitions.
- No more than 4.5kg empty.
- Solid propellant.
- Low recoil.
- Suppressed muzzle flash.

Two foreign companies and four indigenous companies offered their prototypes to the Ejermacht by February 2021. The two foreign companies were Izistan's Robertson Arms and Spizania's Confederate Armaments Incorporated. Despite the purchase of four X-4 (X denotes that the rifles were prototypes. Each of the three indigenous rifles were named X-1 through X-3, and Spizania's the X-5) rifles from Robertson Arms and fairly successful testing between March and July 2022 it was decided not to purchase the X-4 due to inferior ballistic performance of the Izistani round to the 6.64x51mm round used by the X-2 and X-3. Furthermore, the X-4 used a caseless round which after the experiences with the Hali-42 were not favored. The same remained true for Confederate Arms Incorporated's X-5, as well as the fact that it was far too unconventional for the taste of the Ejermacht - especially after the experience of using the Hali-42.

Ultimately, it was found that the best rifle with the best balance of old and new technologies was the X-2.

Birth of the Hali-5X project
In August 2021 the Ejermacht signed a contract in which it was stated that the government would fund the remainder of the development of the X-2 and would promise to purchase at least 100,000 rifles upon completion of the prototype. It was also agreed upon that the company designing the rifle (Gíert et Ber) would make substantial changes to the prototype. These included:

- Changing several materials in rifle construction to lighten its weight.
- Changing the standard cased round for a cased telescopic round to decrease weight further.
- Development of at least three separate rounds for the rifle.
- The rifle would have to be complete for production by January 2022.

The new rifle was given the name of Hali-5X and by September 2021 a new prototype had been delivered to the Ejermacht. In early October a further ten rifles were produced for testing, which continued until the end of the month. Minor modifications were made to the rifle between late October and December 2021, in preparation for production in January, unfortunately several glitches were found. The most important was the fact that the cased telescopic round designed for the rifle did not fully extend during flight, severely limiting the effectiveness of the round. Furthermore, the round was using an older solid propellant as opposed to the new solid propellant which had been offered to Gíert et Ber for modification into the ammunition. Fortunately, the contract was extended for another four months.

Modifications and testing continued and the round was finally ready for production by June 2022. Upon production the rifle was dubbed the Hali-53.

A new caliber is chosen
The Ejermacht ultimately chose the 6.64x51mm cased round as its next small-arms caliber, with the idea of equaling the power of a larger round in order to increase lethality. Ultimately, the increase in weight and the decrease in the amount of rounds in each magazine was solved with the use of cased telescoping ammunition which saved around 30% of the volume in comparison to a magazine holding conventional rounds of the same caliber. To further decrease weight each round uses a new polymer case which reduced individual round weight by over 20%.

The new case is manufactured out of two separate polymers. A 60% glass fiber filled polymer is the principle component, injected by the low-core technique. This polymer is reinforced by minor metallic inserts. A more ductile polymer is subsequently injected to fill the shoulder, mouth and neck areas of the round. This system solves several problems of existing polymer cases, including poor reliability. Furthermore, the system is not more expensive than using a brass case and saves more weight.

Ultimately, the use of both polymer casings and CTA technology allow the rifle to save a lot of weight in regards to its ammunition. Most importantly, it allows the rifle to be just as effective as other contemporaries (or more effective, even).

Three rounds were introduced along with the Hali-53. The first is the 6.64x51mm Orchomenos. This round is designed as the general use all-around bullet to be supplied in the most quantities. It is designed for penetration of the majority of existing infantry armors protecting the troops of foreign threats. The round is a tungsten-cored. copper jacketed round. The purpose of the round is speed and penetration. The round weighs ~7.8 grams and uses a 2 gram propellant. The second round is the 6.64x51mm PELE, which is designed with a high density jacket and a low density core. The idea is during impact the jacket bursts due to the low-compressibility of the core's material. The end result is a large amount of fragments bursting into the body, increasing the lethality of the weapon. This round is specifically designed for use against unarmored opponents. The third major round is the armor piercing 6.64x60mm flechette designed for penetration of thicker battle suits and power armor.

Several other rounds were also designed, including:

-6.64mm grenade
-6.64mm tracer
-6.64mm NL (non-lethal)

All combat rounds use a newly designed solid propellant to decrease weight and increase power. The best solid propellant for small arms use was found to be one composed of 25% nitrocellulose (NC), 45% cyclotrimethylenetrinitrimine (RDX) and 6% Glycidyl Azide Polymer (GAP), with other components. Originally a substance called TAGN had been included, but a low flame temperature was found not to be suitable for assault rifle application to avoid cook-offs. The main purpose was to find a highly dense solid propellant with high energy and a high rate of expansion - in other words, more velocity.

Rifle Operation
The Hali-42's operation was delayed blowback, and the original X-2 prototype by Gíert and Ber used the same system. However, in an effort to reduce recoil and improve accuracy it was decided to change the rifle operation to what is regarded as 'balanced automatics'. Balanced automatics is an extension of the short-stroke gas-operated, rotating-bolt mechanism of the AK-47. Instead of having just one gas-piston, balanced automatics uses two gas-pistons moving in opposite directions, meaning that the operator only feels the recoil created by the momentum of the forward moving bullet. The addition of this new system was a factor to the run over costs of the rifle program and to the retardation of the date for initial production. However, testing in early 2022 proved the value of 'balanced automatics'.

The Hali-5X was tested against the Hali-42 and the original Hali-5X using the same operating mechanism as the Hali-42. All three rifles were tested with a thirty-round mag of their respective calibers and were all tested on automatic fire. The Hali-42 managed to put three out of thirty rounds on target, while the original prototype of the Hali-5X put five out of thirty rounds on target. However, the new Hali-5X using balanced automatics successfully trained nineteen out of thirty bullets on target (all at 100 meters).

The ejection port of the rifle is located at the front of the weapon, and empty cases are ejected forward, allowing the rifle to be ambidextrous.

Scope
When the Ejermacht offered its requirements for a brand new assault rifle to several armaments companies, foreign and indigenous, it offered a separate list of requirements for new optic system for the rifle. The only company able to meet up to the Ejermacht's expectations proved to be Eldíen Electro-Optical Works. Eldíen had existed under the Kriegzimmer Conglomerate and then had become an independent company post-break up. It had worked on much of the electro-optics used on Kriegzimmer battleships and super dreadnoughts. A series of six different optics were offered, the differences dependent on cost. These competed against a total of thirty-nine other optics systems, including sixteen which were designed by foreign companies.

Eldíen's optics, which were ultimately chosen for contract, included a 1X red dot mode for close quarter combat (CQB), with the option to switch to up to 4X magnification using a cased reticule with adjustable brightness. The sight also included bullet drop compensation for ranges beyond 700 meters. The sights can be used with both eyes open, and is completely shock proof. Furthermore, even if part of the lens is covered with mud, or is shattered, the shooter can still accurately use the system if he/she can see through any surviving piece of the lens. The rifle operator can see this because a laser diode projects the target as a hologram image onto a hardened, three layer laminated glass window. This optical sights measures ~156mm in length and weighs ~390 grams.

For greater tactical flexibility an off-axis viewing device (OAVD) is also standard with the rifle. The system works by using two oval-shaped mirros to reflect the image from the rifle's optical sight to the soldier. This allows the soldier to literally look around corners. OAVDs within the Ejermacht are normally issued only during urban operations to provide soldiers with greater protection. Each OAVD extension measures 150mm and weighs 500 grams and can be clipped to the existing sight.

Rifle Construction
The rifle is relatively light due to the increased usage of plastics as construction material. The barrel, however, remains of steel construction, although the bolt and bolt carrier are manufactured out of titanium. The receiver is built out of composite polymer. The ultimate aim was to construct a rifle with the least weight possible for greater ergonomics.

Specifications
Rifle Dimensions
Length: 980mm Length of Barrel: 718mm
Weight [Empty]: 3.4kg Weight [Loaded]: 3.56kg Weight [With Optic Sight & Sling]: 3.93kg
Configuration: Bullpup

Armament Specifications
Caliber: 6.64x51mm Principle Round: 6.64mm Orchomenos Cased Weight: 7.82 grams Propellant Weight: 2 grams
Round Velocity: 1,070 m/s
Firing Modes: Safe, Single and Automatic Rate of Fire: 800 to 1050 per minute
Operating Mechanism: Gas-Operated Balanced Automatics, Rotating Bolt Feed System: 28-round curved detachable box magazine Effective Range: 800m

Other Information
Main Contractor: Gíert and Ber Electronics Contractor: Eldíen Electro-Optics Export Contractor: Kriegzimmer

Feathermore-class Superdreadnaught

Feathermore class Super Dreadnought [SD]

The HES Feathermore was commissioned into the Kriermada in 2016 as the largest ship the Kriermada had seen since then, outclassing the Zealous and Argentine. In fact, it rivalled such vessels such as the Questerian Prince of Wales, and it would be larger than any Havenic ship during the war. It was one of the Kriermada's secret projects, laid down in 2013, and begun much before that. It sailed after the Battle of Targul Frumos and it would see action against Independent Hitmen and Stevidian shipping. The Feathermore was followed by the Wilson and by the Tenderneck, and would form an independent heavy strike group, as long as with ther two sister ships, forming a very powerful trio by 2020. The class name was derived from a naval action of the year 2016 against a Malatosian navy which was poised to invade the mainland of the Empire by late June. The incident claimed the lives of three Morsky-Orol Light Cruisers to a nuclear warhead, and for some reason, however, it persuaded Malatose that it was simply not worth to invade the Empire, blocking them from entrance into the bloody War of Golden Succession. The Feathermore was named that same year in honor of those that died at the Raid at Feathmore's Trench, and she was prepared so that something of the like could never happen again. With her bristling armament and wonderful array of missiles the Feathermore represents a class that portrays power, death, and gallantry. Following other modern naval ships that have entered service with the Kriermada, the Feathermore is a monohull type ship, deciding to carry her splendor in a more orthodox manner. Nevertheless, she displays the most advance fire and control mechanisms and laser warning systems, and despite her size, she presents herself as a valuable asset to any naval force.

Her armament is no less than eight turrets of quadruple 711mm [28"] electromagnetically accelerated cannons, providing for a total of thirty-two guns, giving the Feathermore an impressive force. For dual purpose work, especially anti-air artillery, she boasts eight turrets on each side of triple mount 152mm [6"] cannons. The main guns are constructed from a stronger, atomized, chrome and steel alloy, giving them a longer life, while the great length is supported from the bottom by a steel parallel support bar, which arcs to support itself against the turret body itself. To the center of the ship is the vast verticle launch system, providing for six blocks of sixty tubes, arrayed six by ten, and the blocks lain side by side. Each block is protected by outcropping rolled steel guards, which protect against shrapnel, providing for some sort of method of attempting to stop the hatches from jamming each time a shell explodes nearby. These three hundred and sixty verticle launch tubes carry two Sledgehammer II anti-shipping missiles, or can carry two Principes. To the rear of the ship there are four more blocks of sixty tubes carrying two P.746.F ultra long range ship to air missiles, providing for a long range air defense. An underdeck conveyor system can dispatch another three missiles per tubes, and can be reloaded at sea. On the decks, the ship boasts a shorter range air defense system, shining a total of twenty launchers of the P.746.B surface to air missile. For a close-in weapon system network, the Feathermore has a total of sixty Conhort II CIWS mounts.

Armour wise the Feathermore protects herself through a primary layer of vanadium, hardened steel, softer steel, rolled homogenous steel, reinforcements of aluminum, manganese, and a bonding of other materials designed to maximize strength per density and mass, while minimizing weight. The ship also has a number of bulkheads to reduce the damage done by exploding projectiles, while it makes use of the widely respected honeycomb network design. Her armour can take damage from her own guns with a limit, however, she is made to survive and for good reason; her costs may not make her the effort. However, not to be caught and infected by the golden ship syndrome, the admirals of the Kriermada are intent on launching the ship to sea, to see action in the eastern waters, hoping to seek out and successfully destroy or chase away enemy fleets. The Feathermore will also provide a welcome addition to the Kriermada's heavy hitters, especially after the losses taken at Targul Frumos.


Hull: Monohull
Armour:
1,456mm @beltline
1,632mm @turret faceplate
1,267mm @turret
876mm @secondary turrets
932mm @deck
989mm @superstructure
1,045mm @bulkheads
Length: 1,320m
Beam: 165m
Height at Waterline: 47.14m
Tonnage: 4.1m tonnes
Armament:
32 711mm L/70 Electromagnetic Guns
48 152mm Dual Purpose Guns
60 Conhort CIWS Platforms
600 VLS [10 blocks of 60 tubes; 720 Sledgehammer IIs & 480 P.746.Fs]
Electronics:
-2 Surface Search Array
-Radome
-Early Warning Fire and Control Radar
-Fire and Control Radar
-Doppler Radar
-Navigation Radar
-TB-163 thin line towed array
-TB-87 short line towed array
-TB-95 verticle drop thin line towed array
-Poseiden sonar bulb
-6 Ladar Guassian Receivers and Transmitters
-7 Infra-red Ladar Transceivers
EMP Protection: Additional Hardening.
Power Plant: 16 800 MW reactors [17,158,177 shp]
Velocities:
25 knots @ full ahead
11 knots @ slow ahead
28 knots @ flank
Additional Propulsion:
4 Waterjet
2 Sprint Screws
Crew Compliment: 7,340
Boats: 84 Lifeboats [30 men capacity each]
Air Compliment: 4 GF-11 Archer UAVs; 5 Sea Serpent LAMPS
Tube Launched Air Compliment: 8 GF-11 Archer UAVs
Countermeasures:
30 decoy launchers
5 radar jammers

Aristaqis-class Assault Dreadnaught

'Aristaqis' Class Trimaran Assault Dreadnaught [ADN]

Skyan Nomenclature: Hyperion

The Aristaqis was named after a demon of that name and one of the fallen angels. He was a Nephilim, or a race of giants conjured when a son of God mated with a daughter of men, sone of Betryal who never knew his son. Aristaqis' soul was tainted by the dark and thereafter brought back to the light by another fallen angel, as mythology tells. Aristaqis became the guardian of the human soul after being saved from Lucifer by an unknown fallen angel. In the same way, the Aristaqis befriends the evil [war], but is no less than the guardian of the Empire and of her allies. In that way she redeems herself, just as Aristaqis, the demon, once did thousands of years past. At just over a thousand meters of length the Aristaqis is one of the larger ships in the Kriermada's arsenal, save for the Feathermore, and is the product of cooperation between the Silver Sky and the Second Empire of the Golden Throne. The result truly fits the categorisation of a demon and of a guardian, as said before. Some of the older Zealous class Super Dreadnoughts will be replaced by Aristaqis class Assault Dreadnoughts by 2019 to 2020, while the rest will be replaced by smaller dreadnoughts in the hundred thousand ton range, as opposed to millions of tons range. Despite the advent of such ships like the Aristaqis or the Feathermore, both of which are over a kilometer in length, the super dreadnought has been cast as obsolete, due to the fact that the smaller and cheaper dreadnought can mount smaller sized guns in larger numbers, with the same ranges, and do the same amount of damage through the use of electromagnetic acceleration. Both of these larger ships are remnants of the need for national pride and the sheer morale effects of huge shipping in gun blazing naval battles. The sister class is a Skyan vessel by the name of the Hyperion, and offers a somewhat different array of ordnance and armaments.

The Aristaqis boasts seven turrets of 635mm GS.19 hyper velocity naval guns, which use complete electromagnetic acceleration through the use of coiling, offering a total of twenty-eight guns. The Hyperion offers the same caliber, but instead exchange gun type to the Mk. X electrotherma-chemically accelerated cannons, using a solid propellant. The Hyperion also offers more smaller caliber dual purpose guns, although the Aristaqis simply added more 155mm dual purpose guns for work as anti-air artillery. Both offer the same number of close-in weapon system mounts, although the Aristaqis uses the Conhort Mk. II, and the Hyperion the Conhort Mk. III which displays smaller surface to air missiles on the mount, as opposed to just a single 35mm gatling. The Aristaqis also boasts more verticle launch tubes due to the decrease in secondary turrets. In other words, the Aristaqis is curtailed to the Kriermada's needs, as is the Hyperion to the Silver Sky. Armor wise both ships are incredibly well protected although the Aristaqis has half the armor, which it sacrifices knowing that the equivalence armor will still be strong enough, while it has the ability to reach much higher speeds, especially in sprint. Once again, a judgement of doctrine. The Aristaqis also sacrifices its torpedos and instead makes the weight up by adding several adaptable highspeed underwater munitions [ASHuM] mounts. Nevertheless, both are very sound designs, built to kill.

Under the auspices of the post-Targul Frumos and Otium Aqua Sea battles Kriermada revampment program, the Aristaqis will find a welcome home beside her larger cousin the Feathermore, and the smaller ships of the Kriermada.

Aristaqis class [The Macabees]:
Stats:
Length: 1,047 m
Beam: 238 m
Width With Outriggers: 337m
Draught: 27.3 m
Displacement: 2.56 Million Tons Full Load
Armament:
7x 4 635mm (25”) L/40 GS.19 Hyper Velocity Naval Guns in A, B, C, D, X, Y, and Z positions,
28x 2 155mm (6”) GS.26 Anti-Air Artillery Guns
64x Conhort Mk. II CIWS
28x Maniple ASHuM Cannons
17x 100-cell VLS
Protection: Layered -
Hardened Steel
Semi Hardened Steel

Alloyed with low concentrations of carbon, vanadium and manganese
1,296mm @beltline
1,532mm @turret faceplate
1,172mm @turret
662mm @secondary turrets
912mm @deck
959mm @superstructure
1,015mm @bulkheads
Aircraft: 8 LAMPS; 4 GF-11 UAVs.
Complement: 11,300 naval; 2,000 Naval infantry
Propulsion: 16x 1GW Pressurized Water Reactors [21,447,721shp] powering 12 internalised waterjets. Compulsators provide power from central power system to turrets. Extensive thermal insulation surrounds each reactor to reduce noise emissions and infrared signature. Twelve CODAG Engines provide emergency propulsion.
Max Cruise: 33 knots
Max Speed w/sprint jets: 38 knots
Max CODAG Speed: 14 knots
Sensors:
AGP.17 Navigational Radar
AGP.23 Surface Search Array
AGP.24 Surface Search Array
AGP.8 Fire Control Radar
AGP.117 Air Search Radar
LRP.16 Integrated Ladar Array System
SNG.76 Hull Mounted Sonar
E.90 Electronic Warfare Suite
TB.116 Thin-Line Towed Array Sonar
Decoys:
R.117 Chaff Dispensers
R.118 Noisemakers
ARBB 33 jammer
SAIGON radio emission detector

Pacitalia-class Hunter-Killer Dreadnaught

Pacitalia class Galleon

Abstract: After the Battle of Targul Frumos the weaknesses of the Kriermada were highlighted with the near catastrophe, which was only saved by the unexpected disengagement of the Havenic fleet, and by the sudden arrival of Admiral Durgstaden von Laifsraggen. Neverthless, the War of Golden Succession open gaping wounds in national prestige, and as a result Fedor I ordered an ambitious naval expansion program, which coupled with the eventual victory at Targul Frumos, would give the message that the Empire was yet to be regarded as a naval power, and a match for any other on the high seas. Although the program mostly focused on much need shipping, such as the Ingerier class Battlecruiser, and an array of new battleships and escort vessels, it also produced much more luxurious and inspiring men of war, and the first of these would be the Pacitalia, the wonderous compliment to the Argentine class Galleon. The Pacitalia is the Argentine, with new hull protection construction, along with more large guns, and lesser 'medium' guns, giving it a very destructive potential. All in all, she is one of the largest ships within service, surpassing both the Zealous class Super Dreadnought, and the Argentine, and providing as a whole more tonnelage than her two counterparts as well - however, she is rivalled by other newer super dreadnoughts being designed for service in the Kriermada. The Pacitalia is the very first naval ship designed by the Kriermada itself, not by Kriegzimmer. The first Pacitalia was built late in the war and officially comissioned after it, having her maiden voyage to the nation of Pacitalia itself in an attempt to heal diplomatic wounds established during the Space Union economic crisis, and Pacitalia's staunch resistance against the growth of absolute capitalism.

Hull Protection: The type of rounds faced during a naval battle mostly center around the armour piercing projectile, which is a high explosive round with a piercing cap, allowing the gun to tear through enemy protection and then explode, damaging everything inside it. That said, the Pacitalia tries to maximize technology in order to further protection against such threats, as well as missile threats, and it rivals the armour ratings on any other ship near its class. The overlying layer of armour is a composite made of a high strength construction steel known as "D-Steel", reinforced by fibres of manganese which work to bond with sulfur atoms, which would otherwise soften the steel. Aside from the manganese, the steel layer is also reinforced with vanadium threads adding hardness to the armour. The top layer, along with another layer under it, sandwhich a thicker layer of compressionable ceramics, which are also split into two groups, with depleted uranium rods forming a web of intercrossing bars, providing much needed resistance force. Under it all is a thin layer of aerogel with high heat capacity, aiding the top armour to not warp under extremely high temperatures, which can be threat during penetration. This is backed by a base plate, which channels explosives to a less critical area. All of this is backed up by a series of shipwide bulkheads, especially underneath the waterline. The beltline has a real thickness of 1,370mm, while the turret faceplates have near 1,437mm of armour, and the main turrets boasting 1,050mm. The deck is layered with 870mm and the superstructure with 850; and finally the bulkheads provide near 900mm of protection. Actual equivalent armour ratings are classified although depending on the sloping and the type of armament inbound it can provide anywhere from 2 to 8 times the protection of its actual thickness.

Armament: Given its longer hull than the Argentine, the Pacitalia drops the secondary 18" guns and simply puts more larger guns. In fact, there are five turrets aft of the ship, and four turrets behind the tower, meaning there are a total of nine main turrets, each boasting quad 25" guns, giving the Pacitalia a total number of thirty-six 25" guns, which is simply massive, although the turrets are nevertheless very vulnerable. The 25" guns use an electrical switch in order to propell a plasma ignitor, which in turns ignites a chemical fuze for a liquid propellant, giving the guns a lot of power, although limiting life to around 800 shots. To increase barrel life the insides of the guns are plated with chromium, making it much more resistance to the pressure of the propellant. The longer dimensions of the ship are due to the inclusion of verticle launch system blocks, including four 40 cell blocks fitted with three P.746.F each, and six 40 cell blocks fitted with two Sledgehammer II anti-shipping missiles. A conveyor belt can feed another three Praetorians and two Sledgehammers if necessary. For fleet protection there are also twenty, ten on each side, twenty cell deck surface to air missile launchers carrying the P.746.B short range surface to air missiles. Finally, the Pacitalia has a point defense array of twenty-six Conhort close-in weapon systems, and fourteen underwater ASHUM arrays.

Hull Type: Trimaran
Length: 792m
Beam: 99m
Draft: 28.3m
Tonnage: 1.9 million tonnes
Armament:
-9 Quad 25" Cannons
-400 verticle launch tubes
-20 P.746.B launchers
-26 Conhort CIWS
-14 ASHUM arrays
-12 3" DP Quad turrets
Electronics:
-2 Surface Search Array
-Radome
-Early Warning Fire and Control Radar
-Fire and Control Radar
-Doppler Radar
-Navigation Radar
-TB-163 thin line towed array
-TB-87 short line towed array
-TB-95 verticle drop thin line towed array
-Poseiden sonar bulb
-6 Ladar Guassian Receivers and Transmitters
EMP Protection: Additional Hardening.
Power Plant: 16 615.45 MW reactors [13,200,000 shp]
Velocities:
32 knots @ full ahead
21 knots @ slow ahead
35 knots @ flank
Additional Propulsion:
4 Waterjet
2 Sprint Screws
Crew Compliment: 2,036
Troop Capacity: 5,000
Air Compliment: 4 GF-11 Archer UAVs; 2 Sea Serpent LAMPS
Countermeasures:
30 decoy launchers
5 radar jammers

Arca. IV Nakíl 1A2 Main Battle Tank

Arca. IV Nakíl Ausva. B / Nakíl 1A2 ‘Battleaxe’

http://i75.photobucket.com/albums/i291/Macabees/Armor/Nakil1A2newrevised3.png

The Original Nakíl
The Nakíl 1A1s purpose was to provide a powerful, state-of-the-art main battle tank to replace Imperial Broadswords (a civil war relic – although they were upgraded around the same time production of the Nakíl 1A1 began) and the faulty Cougar (later to be re-named a heavy tank). Between September 2016 and April 2017 exactly 11,000 Nakíl 1A1s were produced for the Ejermacht, although only 600 were produced in September and 800 in October, before the full production quota of 1,200 per month was fulfilled. The Nakíl 1A1 proved to be completely superior to everything the enemy could muster, whether it was Stevidian, Havenic or imported from abroad. When compare to other Imperial tanks, such as the Broadsword and the Cougar, the Nakíl far surpassed them in capabilities in all sectors of the spectrum! Between July and October 2016 the Empire would also import 2,400 UT-1s and over 10,000 tanks of various models that were being replaced in Juumanistra by more advanced designs. The Nakíl proved superior to these, as well, both in actual live combat and in field testing. In fact, the Battle of Ishme-Dagan, hailed as the largest mechanized battle in the history of man, the Nakíl made itself a household name within the domains of all of the Empire’s enemies and allies. The success of the tank lied on its dominant characteristics, including firepower, mobility and protection. Moreover, the Nakíl included much of the small details that the Cougar didn’t, making it much more effective – crew communications was enhanced not only inside the tank, but outside, allowing tanks to communicate with each other much more efficiently. A definite advantage over enemy tanks was the inclusion of a battlefield management system, which allowed Nakíl crews to defeat numerically superior enemies due to the fact that tactical and strategic cooperation was made infinitely easier.

The tank’s success on the open market is testament to its capabilities. On February 2017, in order to make revenue to pay for some of the war costs, the Empire green lighted the sale of the tank by Kriegzimmer. Between February 2017 and May 2025 1,830,360 Nakíl 1A1s were sold to twenty-eight separate customers, making it the most widely sold and produced tank in history – all within the span of a single model. This number does not include the amount of tank surrogates produced from independently manufactured Nakíl tank chassis. Many of these tanks were resold, and the tank continues to be proliferated after 2025. The required production numbers were easily handled by huge Kriegzimmer complexes, and by factories built thereafter to accommodate new orders. Furthermore, of great importance, many Nakíl 1A1s were produced at home by the client after a memorandum of understanding between the parties concerned. Although Kriegzimmer unfortunately closed and sold its factories by May 2017 production would continue unabated and despite the many companies that purchased and broke-up the economic empire which was once Kriegzimmer orders were still taken. The final order was placed by Hamilay in May 2017, for 100,000 tanks. The largest clients included Allanea, with 300,000 tanks procured – and 100,000 later given away to Whyatica, and an unknown number to Hataria -, Uldarious with 280,000, Angelonisia with 250,000, Otagia with 126,720, Hamilay with the aforementioned number and finally, Mer des Ennuis with a total of 98,304 procured. This said, the amount of procuring was unprecedented, and remains unprecedented, as well as the amount of production undertaken.

However, the tank’s universal success proved to undermine its importance within the Ejermacht. It’s wide proliferation also made specific information on the tank widely known, despite efforts by the various designers to keep important information under wraps by limiting production of certain spare parts to Imperial factories – it should be noted that many exported tanks had several things changed in order to ease their logistics, and to avoid relying on Kriegzimmer for spare parts (this was fundamental taking into consideration the fall of Kriegzimmer – spare parts were not delivered for two to three months, although fortunately enough not many tanks had been exported the month of the fall). Nevertheless, the tank’s weaknesses were widely advertised and it was obvious that there would have to be some serious modernization efforts and modifications in order to keep ahead of the Empire’s enemies – namely tank producers such as Stevid (also a client of Clan Smoke Jaguar). As early as October 2017, during the battle of Ishme-Dagan, Fuermak General Staff asked several growing defense companies in the Empire to congregate once again, under the leadership of Kriegzimmer, to design a tank based on the Nakíl, but completely superior to it. This was easier than some think. The Nakíl 1A1’s design had been done in haste, as a replacement was urgently needed for the Cougar. Although much of the 1A1’s characteristics were based on research done during the Cougar design period, many things had to be rushed. Because of this, many things were omitted. Furthermore, Ishme-Dagan and operations thereafter gave the Empire much insight on improvements on the Nakíl design.

Experience from the battlefield reported, for example, that the gun tube lasted much less than 800 fired rounds. In actuality, it was found that gun barrels would have to be replaced as quickly as every 400 rounds, although this would fluctuate, most of the time for the better. Although even 400 rounds before replacement is considerably superior to the barrel wear rate of many other tanks this simply was not acceptable for a nation which had to cut corners logistics wise. The light-weight suspension and road wheels, although effective for what they were originally designed for, were also ordered to be replaced by more durable suspension pieces – although their break down rate was good, it was found that it could be made better at the expense of weight. There were also technological breakthroughs which would allow the next version to be clearly superior to its early-born sister. The design team was ordered to decrease weight, but to increase protection and efficiency – a seemingly impossible task. Despite the daunting work ahead of it, the team finally unveiled its product in early January 2017 and passed with flying-colors – another reason export of the 1A1 was finally allowed in February 2017. Between late January and April 2017 it would undergo significant field testing, and production began in May 2017.

Nakíl 1A2 – Significant Historical Milestones
Although the tank will be explained in much greater detail below, this section details a history of the pre-production era of the Nakíl 1A2. As said above, the Nakíl 1A2 project began on 11 October, 2016, when Emperor Fedor I dispatched his approval of a new tank project to Fuermak headquarters in Gar’tonsk – some 70 kilometers outside of Fedala. It was only the next day when orders, signed by the chief of general staff, were sent to the Ejermacht which detailed a procedure to congregate the best engineers from the most relevant defense industries in the Empire. By 17 October this team had been put together and a memorandum of understanding signed between the companies which agreed to take part in the project. The changes which were to be made to the original chassis were clear, and by and by the chassis would remain the same. Changes to the chassis were completed by 4 December of that year and after revision were finalized on 3 January, 2017. The most complicated part would be the design of a brand new turret which would be finalized only by 11 January. A prototype was hastily constructed on 15 January and introduced to the Ejermacht for testing the next day (PT-1). A second test would require a second prototype by 19 January (PT-2). However, despite the Nakíl 1A2s success during these tests the Ejermacht refused to make a decision on definite procurement and ordered Kriegzimmer to produce four well made prototypes by 2 March (PT-3 through PT-6), to be tested between 5-11 March. Kriegzimmer complied and the tests were more successful than those done in January. On 24 March 2017 it was decided to procure a total of 340,000 tanks – 46,800 of these would form 150 new armored divisions, with 312 tanks a piece. These divisions would be deployed specifically to SafeHaven2 in an effort to bring overwhelming force to an army which was on the brink of defeat (especially after Ishme-Dagan). A further 150 divisions would be created to be deployed to other fronts. The rest of the tanks would sit in storage to provide replacements, and many tanks would have to replace tanks lost before the new batch was ready (this is war, after all).

Despite the fact that the Ejermacht would later attempt to revise the number of tanks procured it was eventually disallowed from lowering the number on account of the producers not wanting to risk a fall in total production post-war – given that such massive production would no longer be necessary. Therefore, many tanks produced would be superfluous and this would be made more obvious post-war when an army size reduction program would come in effect. Even prior to the war’s end there were plans to distribute existing tanks amongst occupied areas of enemy nations to arm local militias and occupation armies. In occupied territories in Zarbia and SafeHaven2, for example, local citizens would be recruited to form ‘auxiliary divisions’ and were deployed abroad. Despite the illegality of this program in Zarbia it was never blocked (Zarbia was never legally occupied, in the first place – there was never an official paper which signed over occupied territory; it remains disputed).

In any case, in May four new prototypes (PT-7 through PT-10) were constructed and sent to the Ejermacht for testing against existing Nakíl 1A1 tanks. The Nakíl 1A2 prototypes were superior in accuracy, mobility, firepower, protection, crew comfort, efficiency, et cetera. This sealed the grave for the Nakíl 1A1, at least within the Imperial army (the Nakíl 1A1 would continue to serve abroad for at least a decade or more).

Exports
Although the Nakíl 1A2 was designed specifically for use of the Ejermacht in mind some exports were in fact cleared. Despite Allanea’s purchase of 300,000 Nakíl 1A1s – an order which was fulfilled between February 2017 and August 2019 – Allanea immediately placed an order for 275,000 replacements for $2,631,029,500,000. These were produced between January 2019 and July 2020. Mer des Ennuis procured replacements for existing 1A1s, and then some more, and this order was completed between August 2018 and March 2021 – a total of 241,152 were ultimately produced in exchange for $2,600,906,793,984. Between January 2019 and January 2020 30,000 tanks were produced for Willink ($407,036,700,000), and 20,000 tanks for No Endorse ($271,357,800,000), with the option to procure more at a later date. At the same time, 240,000 tanks were delivered to The Silver Sky for $3,328,192,000,000. Every nation the tank was exported to was given the right to build locally and all were given limited production rights to the tanks and unlimited production rights to the parts. With the same deal, 50,000 tanks were produced for Space Union between January 2019 and July 2020 for the price of $539,172,800,000. All in all, 856,142 Nakíl 1A2 main battle tanks would be produced in 6 separate nations as exports for a total of $9.9 trillion.

Does a new turret a new tank make? – Armada International, 3/2004
The wide proliferation of the Nakíl 1A1 forced national defense companies to not just increase armor protection of the vehicle, but make it more difficult for the weaker areas of the vehicle to be hit. The main consideration remained the fact that the Ejermacht was not interested in a heavier vehicle – the experiences of the Arca. I Cougar was still vibrant. Furthermore, the requirements stated a general weight reduction! A turret change had been a consideration for quite a while, however, originally the modifications were going to be completely appliqué (similar to the addition of wedge armor to German Leopard 2A6s, or the turret modifications made to the Israeli Merkava in the several variants released to date). However, this would only increase the weight of the vehicle due to sheer bulk. As a consequence it was decided that any turret upgrade would have to be made with a brand new turret design. Weight wasn’t the only advantage of taking this route, but because of the fact that the armor would not simply be more bolt-on steel and would be more integral (to a degree, since the tank’s armor is almost completely modular) this would increase the strength of the armor to resist impact.

The new turret is a ‘narrow mantlet’ turret and is an extension of the turret unveiled during the release of the Broadsword-Tizona, a general sale upgrade of the older Broadsword main battle tank. The idea is to decrease the visible surface area of the mantlet to make it harder for the enemy to accurately engage – the shape of the turret also suggests a stealthier design. That said, it’s obvious that the primary concern of the Nakíl 1A2 ‘Battleaxe’ is to guarantee a first strike on an enemy tank, although the Battleaxe keeps a good chance of surviving a hit along its frontal arc. During the design it was considered that given the new turret it was a chance that the upper glacis would become the most lucrative target for an enemy tank, and therefore the glacis was up-armored – although this is for a later section to define.

The turret mantlet and turret corners remain armored by indigenously designed and produced ‘special armor’. However, the tank does not retain the original CAM, but uses an upgraded version designated CAM II. CAM II replaces the rear steel encasement with titanium due to superior mass efficiency. The front plate, however, is not replaced because IRHA retains a slight superiority in thickness superiority as compared to the titanium current in use (only a very slight difference). However, weight savings are largely negated by the fact that the titanium di-boride has been replaced by titanium carbide which has been found to be largely superior to common ceramics currently in use in armor around the world, although it has almost twice the density as steel. The ceramics have been further strengthened by means of embedding them in an elastomeric matrix attached to composite fibers and a metal base. In testing this has proven to allow the ceramics to better resist shattering on impact, thus giving them a better chance to defend against multiple shots. The depleted uranium rods used to reinforce the armor and give additional protection versus kinetic energy threats was replaced with depleted uranium rods jacketed in thin layers of titanium – the end result being an increase in theoretical protection. Armor Solutions International began testing with IF nanospheres in early 2010, but they were only applied to armor after the release of the Nakíl 1A1. The Nakíl 1A2 represents the first usage of IF nanospheres in any tank’s ‘special armor’. During testing IF nanospheres “[withstood] severe shocks generated by firing shots at it with impact velocities of up to 1.5km per second.” This material has been rated at five times the strength of steel and at least twice as impact-resistant, and it has reinforced much of the steel in use with the Nakíl 1A2 for experimental purposes. It is very likely that future versions of the tank will see a greater use of the material.

The new Nakíl turret is a very special case. The actual mantlet, which doesn’t extend much beyond the width of the gun breech and the co-axial and internal mortar, boasts of an actual thickness of around 340mm. However, this new turret exposes a larger amount of the front of the top – however, this turret top is sloped to a point where the forward area of the turret has almost the same protection despite the fact that actual thickness is little beyond 45mm. The rest of the turret roof has relatively minor protection. The turret corners retain a similar thickness to that of the mantlet, although slight sloping allows the reduction of the actual thickness to less than 300mm. The turret rear retains a low amount of steel for protection, and uses the basket which wraps around the rear of the turret to provide stand-off protection versus chemical energy threats, but also places high priority on the use of a new composite material which is also used on the rear of the chassis. Despite costs of adding another special armor to the tank it was thought imperative to provide increased protection against chemical energy threats to the rear of the tank. This special armor consists of a trio of S-2 glass (rated superior to E-Glass, K-49 Aramid and AS4 Carbon) bonded to a Phenolic resin, along with the third addition of add-on aluminum plates. The exchange of several layers of steel to this special armor has contributed to the loss of weight, as well.

This new turret is also the host to the new improved Giod Mk. II active protection system. The Giod Mk. I provided with 360 degree protection versus chemical energy threats with a superior chance of interception than must existing active protection systems. The Mk. II takes his to the next level by introducing a new layer oriented defense system. The original turret mounted grenade launchers were replaced by two large packs of three grenades each on the side of the turret, offering 360 degree protection. These ‘packs’ can move rapidly to meet the threat and offer a higher rate of interception than the previous design. Furthermore, the turret’s profile offers a glimpse at the next level of defense – a small missile launcher designed to engage the threat at longer ranges than the grenade launchers. The third level, or element, remains the same as on the original tank – light explosive reactive armor along the turret’s roof. Explosive reactive armor is not used anywhere else along the turret. One of the best things about the Giod Mk. II is the relatively low cost of around $560,000 per system on the first production models and then a quick-paced decline as more are produced.

Changes in the chassis
Although the chassis remains relatively the same, 1A2 production model chassis have a few changes. The exhaust duct is removed from the rear and instead a new exhaust duct put into the side of the tank, to the rear. The rear is armored by the same special armor used by the turret’s rear sections, but also incorporates a stronger steel backplate/structure and places one of three fuel tanks in a spaced container between this backplate and the special armor. The fuel should provide a small increase in protection, decreasing the amount of necessary steel and thus making the tank much lighter (in conjunction with the use of said special armor). Another fuel tank is positioned near the front of the tank, while the third fuel tank rests on the side of the tank opposite that of the exhaust duct. These are all also spaced to add increased protection, although the front fuel tank offers almost no protection against kinetic energy threats (except the spacing itself).

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As said above, the glacis plate is protected by CAM II. The side of the hull is protected only by steel, and is generally useful for up to against 20-25mm ammunition. However, the forward areas of the sides are protected by the application of a new heavy explosive reactive armor named ‘Asteriox’. Asteriox remains one of the most advanced heavy explosive armors in use around the world and is a general improvement over the prior heavy ERA used on the Nakíl 1A1. Despite the fact that Asteriox is a much more bulky system, the use of titanium negates much of the weight increase expected due to volume increase. The idea of heavy ERA is expanded to the point where it no longer relies on just a number of flying plates. The first level of defense used by this new HERA is a series of segmented steel plates set up behind a thin initiator plate (to avoid reactions against small threats) – these segmented steel plates hit incoming kinetic energy penetrators in a successive action, many times ‘slicing and dicing’ the penetrator and rendering it less effective. However, like the older HERA used on the 1A1 it still relies on three forward flying steel plates and a bulkier titanium rear-moving backplate. However, this new ERA offers much more protection than earlier versions and makes it even superior against kinetic energy threats. Although this heavy explosive armor is not used on the turret, it is used on the glacis, covering roughly 96% of the surface area.

Foreseeing a sharp change in the Havenic defense after the Empire first began to encroach into the borders of Safe haven, added protection against mines has been included. The general shape of the chassis, to the front of the tank, has been changed from a more rectangular layout to a triangular layout. One of the most important additions has been the installment of several titanium bottom plates, slightly spaced, which not only protect against mine blasts of up to 10kgs, but avoid fracturing of the floor boards due to the shockwaves of the explosion. The bottom plates also work to deflect the blast, minimizing damage done to the vehicle. This also includes protection against the latest mines based on explosively formed projectile charges.

Armament
The original solid propellant gun, with liquid propellant assist, has been exchanged by a full liquid propellant electrothermal-chemical cannon. The advantages are many: there is no longer a need for the base plate, there is no need to logistically prepare for two different propellant types, and volume necessary for storage is decreased since there is no longer a need for the solid propellant. In turn, the liquid propellant only occupied around 70-80% of the volume required for the same amount of solid propellant. There, however, was very little change in actual muzzle energy and velocity. The technology remains relatively simple and turns out to be less complex than it was before. The liquid propellant is no longer laser ignited after being pumped into the combustion chamber of the breech. Instead, it’s ignited by the plasma itself and thereupon regulated. The required electricity is in turn provided by a new generation lithium-ion under-armor auxiliary power unit which is also shared by the tank’s gas turbine.

The true killing power of the 1A2 relies solely on the new XG.457 armor piercing fin stabilized discarding sabot. The new round is truly the next-generation penetrator and can penetrate the armor of most tanks in the world. The XG.457 is a tube-rod penetrator, having a diameter of 47.9mm and an initial length of 980mm. In flight, the drag on the fins and on the bulkier tube will cause the tube to move back while the rod extends outwards, allowing the round to extend to an average of 1580mm, during flight. This is assuming a limited extension, leaving an average of 200mm non-extended. During actual application standard deviation is averaged at 6%. The rod does not have an arrowhead conical section, but instead uses a superior cruciform cross-section. All the while, both the rod and the tube consist of a depleted uranium core, which also has a minute amount of osmium bonded to increase penetrator density. This core is jacketed by a dense amorphous metal matrix composite. Finally, muzzle velocity is kept standard through flight by the use of a small ramjet. The object is not to increase range, but to keep the penetrator at an optimal velocity for penetration across flight – the ramjet begins to fail at 8kms, where a sharp decrease in velocity is experienced. Although this highly complex round is also very expensive the penetration is well worth the cost and hardships of manufacture. On average, the XG.457 has been found to penetrate 2,300mm of steel equivalent.

The turret keeps the two 'Fastdraw' autoloaders in the rear turret bustle area. Another fifteen rounds are stowed in fix containers in the rear area of the hull, where space was made available through the reduction of volume of the new engine. This ammunition can be accessed by the crew when replenishment of the magazines is necessary - however, the turret must be in a certain position so that the crew can access this stowage area through the turret basket.

The tank’s gunner also controls a S12LP/S13 .221 co-axial machine gun, heavily based on the Mekugian S12, although manufactured in the Empire. The major difference is the use of a liquid propellant, as opposed to a solid propellant, given that Imperial .221 Orchomenos ammunition is a liquid propellant design. This means that a large part of the internal work of the rifle is tampered with. However, the operation system is identical to that of the Mekugian S12, as is the majority of the rest of machine gun. The tank commander retains his remotely controlled heavy machine gun, although the original design is replaced with the Mekugian S30 which remains identical (Mekugian ammunition in use). The tank’s turret also hosts a 60mm internal mortar.

Electronics and the crew

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A new model of crew suspended seats has been included in order to provide further protection against mine damage against the crew. The commander was provided with an independent commander’s thermal viewer, identical to that of the gunner’s. Target acquisition has been improved by 65%, and target hand-off by 40%. Communications between tank commanders has been further improved by the inclusion of a peer to peer secured instant message network. The keyboard is bolted down and there are a series of before-hand coded messages to allow for quicker communications. Finally, all of the optical and digital sights used by the tank have been made safe-eye to protect against enemy blinders.

Mobility
The original 1690hp gas turbine has been replaced by a brand new 1700hp (actual output is much higher) gas turbine named the GRS-100. This new turbine featured a volume reduction of 15%, for a similar horsepower output, a reduced parts count of 43% and improved reliability by at least 400%. With the same fuel capacity as on the 1A1 this new engine can allow a further 140 kilometers of travel distance. Heat output has also been reduced by a superior cooling system. The best of all is that this engine is not more expensive than the prior engine and includes all of the advantages and computerization of the prior gas turbine! The gas turbine remains much more quiet, while the gas expenditure disadvantage is almost no longer existent. This new engine is coupled with a brand new transmission which sends around 83% of the engine’s horsepower output to the sprocket, or 1,411hp – this is unprecedented. The tank’s suspension remains largely the same, although instead have been replaced with all-titanium parts. This has not only reduced weight, but it has allowed for much greater performance and much less maintenance work. Not only this, but the all titanium parts in conjunction with the allowance of a much larger vertical rebound for the roadwheels allows the Nakíl 1A2 to have a much greater off-road velocity than other competitors.

Brand new tracks have also been introduced with this brand new tank model. The object is to keep the same service time, but reduce weight. For that reason, the sprocket’s teeth no longer interact with the end-connectors of the tracks, but instead with the track pad itself – removing pressure on the connecting bolt. Because of this, the volume of the end-connector can be decreased as the only job it has is to connect the tracks. This also means only lighter tools are necessary for the crew to maintain tracks on the field, while only the track pad itself and the rubber bad are now worn down by the tank’s movement – maintenance is cheaper. It has been found that this new track reduces the weight of the tracks by half a tonne!

Conclusions
The Nakíl 1A2 will probably remain in service well after the end of the War of Golden Succession, although nothing can be said for sure. According to released government reports there is already a successor vehicle being designed, and it’s rumored that the 1A2 will be the last ‘conventional’ tank of the series. This successor vehicle is being called the ‘Nakíl 2’. However, pragmatist have argued that the 1A2 will continue to be in use for at least a decade to come, and new technologies will be applied to the 1A2, as opposed to released with the Nakíl 2. Furthermore, there is information released on two upcoming upgrades for the 1A1. One will be the 1A1U, which is an upgrade destined only for specific nations. This upgrade will bring the 1A1 close to 1A2 standards. The majority of future upgrades for the 1A1 will be of the 1A1GU form, and this will be sold to anyone willing to pay. This will not only be offered as an upgrade, but new 1A1GUs will be produced for export. The Nakíl is likely to remain the most exported tank in history for quite a while, and this is a tribute to the excellence of the series.

Statblock:
Manufacturer: Imperial Land-Systems
Crew: 3
Weight: 61,830.28kg
Power to Weight Ratio: 27.5 hp/t
Length: 7.97m
Length of Gun: 6.96m
Width: 3.8m
Height: 2.6m
Ground Clearance: .4m
Engine: 1700 hp Gas Turbine
Maximum Velocity: 74km/h
Range: 640km
Range With External Tanks: 1,130km
Trench: 5.6m
Step: 5.6m
Vertical Obstacle: 1.4m
Ford Unprepared: 1.8m
Ford Prepared: 6m
Climbing Gradient: 40x
Fire and Control Computer: Cornerstone
Armament:
120mm Light Weight High Breech Pressure Liquid Propellant ETC
1x .221mm Co-Axial
1x S30 HMG
1x 60mm mortar
Ammunition:
48 Rounds in turret/ 48 rounds in chassis
1,200 Rounds
700 Rounds
30 Rounds
Main Gun Depression: -10/+30 degrees
Armor [Rolled Homogenous Equivalent with ERA vs. KE]:
Lower Hull: 1,100mm
Glacis: 2,730mm
Front 1/3 Side Hull: 925mm
Front Side Turret/ Side Turret: 1,070mm
Upper Front Turret: 890mm
Rear Turret: 440mm
Rear Hull: 598.5mm
Side Hull: 1,198.5mm
Mantlet: 2,975mm
Weakened Zone: 3,150mm
Front Turret Corners: 2,975mm
Side Turret: 880mm
Roof: 235mm
Armor [Rolled Homogenous Equivalent with ERA vs. CE]:
Lower Hull: 1,800mm
Glacis: 3,380mm
Front 1/3 Side Hull: 1,350mm
Front Side Turret/Side Turret: 1,590mm
Upper Front Turret: 2,345mm
Rear Turret: 1,798mm
Rear Hull: 1,787mm
Side Hull: 1,700mm
Mantlet: 3,940mm
Weakened Zone: 3,975mm
Front Turret Corners: 3,750mm
Side Turret: 1,030mm
Roof: 415mm
Suspension: Active and Dynamic Hydropneumatic Suspension System of all Ti parts
Sensors & Range:
4th Generation FLIR @ 13km targeting range; 8km classification range
3rd Generation LADAR @ ~10km classification range
3rd Generation CITV
Mast Millimeter Wave [MMW] RADAR @ 11km classification range
Night Vision: Integrated with sensors.
NBC Protection: Air-tight chassis and turret, air filtration and overpressure air conditioning system, masks and uniforms.

Khan Strategic Anti-Shipping Missile

Perhaps the most celebrated of all of ZMI's designs.

Khan Class Missile
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Specifications
First Stage: MAS ZZ1 Cold Gas booster

Second Stage:2.7 Mn MAS Ophelia LH2 / LOX cryo rocket motor;

Third Stage: MAS PP49 restartable liquid fuel motor; storable hypergolic fuel

Fourth Stage: MAS 44H Zambia Solid Rocket Motor

Length: 24.8 m

Diameter: 2.4 m

Mass: 95 tons

Range: 7,800 km

Guidance: Inertial, LADAR, LIDAR, RADAR, Optronic, 10 m CEP in FOF mode, 5 m CEP in operator guided.

Payload: 5950 kg; 1 SM4 counter shipping warhead

Variants: Khan – N Payload: 5 ZMN Blue Dawn 2.5 Mt warheads.

Present cost: 129 million rungs.

The Khan Class Heavy Ship to Ship missile (STS41-KH) is an ICBM sized “Heavy” four stage surface to surface “High High Low” semi ballistic flight path utilising missile. The STS41KH has been deployed by the ZMN since 1996.

Overview and Development
The development of the Khan class began with the intent of being a counter-force hard shipping target weapon. It was to be aimed at hardened enemy vessels such as battleships and dreadnoughts and the so called “super dreadnoughts” with first-strike first kill capability. This requirement demanded outstanding accuracy, survivability, range and a flexibility that was not available in the earlier ballistic non nuclear modified Solant XI or GroundSlam ICBMs that had been modified for the task.

It was first test fired on May 12, 1996, from Coastal Defence Tor Calipso, it covered 4,200 nautical miles (7,800 km) to impact successfully in the Test Range of the coast of the ZMI arctic territories in Haven on the decommissioned 180,000 ton Santafrax class battleship ZMN Hergard directly below her C turret on the port side and approximately 2 metres above the waterline. The Hergards C turret was visibly blown out of its mounting as the primary shaped charge detonated and virtually denuded 3.8% of the Hergards visible port armoured belt before the penetrator successfully hit the 340 tons of volatiles in her barberette magazine spaces, exited the barberette and exited the hull 1.3 metres above her armoured belt and 8 metres above the waterline on the starboard side in what was the Hergards forward mess. The primary magazine detonated shortly afterwards as the Incendiary had engulfed the damaged section in flames with sensors placed within the Hergards Barberet port section reaching 5000 C before the blast that removed Hergards bow. The operational missile was manufactured from February 1997 and first deployed in December 1997 to the 90th “Hammerheads” Battleship Squadron of the Home fleet in retro-fitted Solant vertical launch silos. The Khan class is at present deployed in the SCAPA Ocean Pillar cold gas vertical launch system and to this date 47,000 have been produced and 286,000 have been purchased.

Warheads
The Khan Class in normal operations carries a single SM4 counter shipping warhead. The SM4 is made up of a toriod shaped charge which surrounds a 2.5 ton tungsten / DU penetrator propelled by a secondary pulse detonated shaped charge and a single 1.3 ton phosphor based incendiary. The nuclear variant is armed with 5 short range hypersonic weapons delivery rockets, each rocket carrying a single 2.5 Megaton Blue Dawn warhead.

The Khan is deployed as a sealed pre fuelled round requiring minor maintenance every 3 months and an overhaul every 5 years of storage time. It is stored in the ZMNs standard UHMC (Universal Heavy Missile Conveyor) a DU/Composite titanium boron armoured canister capable of withstanding more than 7,000 PSI.

Stages
The Khans integral first stage MAS ZZ1 cold gas launch system hurls the missile 110 metres into the air before second stage ignition and requires that the vessels it launches from need no extraction systems and only minimal thermal protection above decks.

The second stage contains the MAS Ophelia Cryo rocket motor which then engages and launches the missile in a sub orbital Exospheric ballistic arc, after this is complete the missile deploys a ribbon chute and pulls a 15 G manoeuvre and the second stage detaches.

The third stage contains two semi stealthy wings designed for super sonic operations and is powered by a MAS PP49 restartable mutli outlet liquid fuel motor who’s sub thrusters allow a vectorable thrust like system of manoeuvring. Above the fuel tanks there is a torus quad decoy launcher system loaded with a mixture of flares and EM "screamers" that can also be used to fire very short range hypersonic air to air mini missiles and basic chaff. This stage operates in a sub mach 5 environment.

The fourth stage contains two MAS 44H Zambia Solid Rocket Motors which boost the missile up to its hypersonic Mach 11.8 impact velocity.

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Alternate deployment systems
The Khan class has a naval defence land based system code named Series III SX and is carried by a "rail garrison" system whereby self defending coastal defence heavy gauge trains each with eight missiles, a THEL system and two standard counter missile VLS pods use the national railroad system and a number of “disappearing” bunkers to conceal themselves.

Sledgehammer II Anti-Shipping Cruise Missile

Sledgehammer II Anti-Shipping Cruise Missile
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[IMPORTANT: Image is not to scale, and image is to be taken for what it is; a guide.]

Specifications:

Dimensions
Length: 11.7m Maximum Diameter: 1.4m Wingspan: 1.7m
Total Mass: 5,122.8kg Payload Mass: 512.28kg

Propulsion Information
Method: Air-turborocket Mean Velocity: Mach 2.3 Terminal Velocity: Mach 5.4
Range: 334nm S-turns: ~4,6,8,10Gs (selectable) Jinking: 5.5Gs
Altitude, Terminal Phase: 5 - 15m Loitering: Variable thrust allows for re-engagement if loss of target

Electronics
Guidance: ARQ-15 Tracking Beacon; ARQ-17 Active-Passive Tracking Radar; terminal stage LRQ-32 LASAR
Autonomy: 'True' Fire-and-forget

Manufacturer's Information
Head: Kriegzimmer Conglomerate
Electronics: Dzamiin Military Computing Technology Warhead: Atmos Inc. Airframe: Titan Research and Development Engine: Lancaster and Blaire

Consumer Information
Cost: (USD) $7.4m
Production Rights: Limited availability; you can produce purchased missiles at home for $6.5m a missile

Sledgehammer I and Otium Aqua
Of all missiles it's possible that it was the Sledgehammer I which managed to be successful against heavy capital ships, including the infamous super dreadnought. Designed during the rise of large capital shipping in Imperial Armies (now known as Greater Dienstad) it was used with great effect against various fleets, including those of Kraven, Stevid and Independent Hitmen. Designed jointly by Guffingford and the Second Empire of the Golden throne the missile had a high quasi-ballistic trajectory, plummeting into the thinner (relative to the ship's armor as a hole) deck armor of enemy ships. It's dense and heavy depleted uranium penetrator was able to push the missile to the deepest bowels of an enemy ship, and a rearward directed blast would then cause major damage to the innards of the ship. Despite its success, this design had inherent qualities which required a fix. Although it would do sever damage to a ship, it failed many times to puncture holes in the ship's hull below the waterline, meaning many times a ship could limp away. Furthermore, it was small and had a short range. Despite this obvious shortcomings it did preform well, defeating a Kravenic fleet in its debut, and then aiding in the tactical victory of Otium Aqua (strategic defeat) in August 2016. It had also been widely exported and had been used in previous battles around the area of Otium Aqua between Stevid and Guffingford.

However, it's widespread use required a new surprise to guarantee an Imperial victory at a new Otium Aqua (February 2017; Second Battle of). This was manifested as the Sledgehammer II, which began production as early as November 2016. Design of the Sledgehammer II actually begun as early as March 2012, although this was in the form of a concept. The actual missile began design a few months prior to the start of the War of Golden Succession and was rushed through the final design stages and then rushed into service by November 2016. The Sledgehammer II turned out to be the perfect replacement. It had superior range, superior efficiency, a superior warhead and was equally as difficult of shooting down or jamming. In fact, it's modular capabilities meant that it not only replaced the Sledgehammer I, but the Shockhound-Avenger, as well! Enough would be produced by February 2017 to see combat at the Second Battle of Otium Aqua with, no doubt, impressive results.

Furthermore, unlike previous anti-shipping missile designs, the Sledgehammer II was entirely indigenous to the Golden Throne's Second Empire. This allowed it to be designed completely around Macabee job expectations and allowed unlimited funding on alternate technologies, many of which would ultimately be used on the mass produced Sledgehammer II design - such as the air-turborocket. Although expensive, the modular warhead design allowed the missile to be used not only against super dreadnoughts, but against standard shipping and other capital ships, as well. The Sledgehammer II would also lead to the development of a successor for the Legionatus II inter-continental cruise missile. It would also bring life back to Kriegzimmer, as it was a brand-new anti-shipping missile and the fact that it would be coupled with the Kahn, given that the Kahn had begun to be sold by Kriegzimmer at around the same time - the Kahn, an inspiration for the Sledgehammer II, was developed by ZMI.

Propulsion and terminal phases
The Sledgehammer II uses an air-turborocket engine which allows it higher velocities than a standard turbojet, as well as higher velocities. To increase the amount of fuel carried, and thus range, the engine uses a HAN (hydroxylammonium nitrate) based liquid mono-propellant; using a liquid propellant solves many design challenges posed by using solid propellants in ATR engines, as well as reducing combustion pressures. The majority of the airframe, except parts of the nose, is made out of extremely light material (TiAl). Higher velocities is achieved through the fact that the turbine uses an independent drive, and the airflow is independent of the combustion chamber. Furthermore, static thrust allows for lower velocity take-offs and better fuel economy during ascension, while 'deep throttleability and variable thrust allows for a slight period of loitering; most importantly, if target is lost the missile can re-engage. Important considerations is that ATR technology does not require a separate booster, has a high combustion ratio (>10:1) and works with no deficiency at sea-level - making it superior to both the ducted rocket and the ramjet.

The Sledgehammer II operates at ~1-2 Mach during ascension and then increases to up to Mach 5.4 during the terminal/engagement phase. The terminal phase does not necessarily imply a sea-skimming operation. The Sledgehammer II can be programed to commit itself to 'shaking' maneuvers to avoid tracking and enemy counter-munitions, and it can also be programmed to 'pop-up'. Like the Sledgehammer I it can also dive during the terminal phase to engage the enemy ship around the deck. It's loitering capabilities allow it to level out if it loses target and re-engage and sea-skimming level. It's loitering capabilities also mean that the source does not need to have to know exactly what ship it's engaging and where, as long as the missile is fired at the general vicinity of a fleet area!

Modular Warheads
The principle anti-shipping warhead used is a a dense and heavy dU penetrating 'cap' of considerable depth, with a subsequent high explosive in a shaped compartment to increase depth of penetration and to cause much damage to an engaged ship. The penetrating cap has a 'buffer cap' composed of copper and separated from the 'main penetrator' by a lining of rubber. This is to avoid a 'decapping' of the penetrator if the penetrator hates a spaced plate. Given it's modularity, however, this warhead can be replaced in due time with any amount of warheads with the same basic design shape and mass. This includes a HEN warhead, much like the one used by the Xarc. The modularity of the warhead allows the Sledgehammer II to become a universal anti-shipping missile, and gives it the capability to engage any target.