Willink
27-05-2005, 00:07
This is my current database on weapon systems used to protect willink.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
S-400 SA-20 Triumf
Triumf S-400 is a new generation of air defense and theater anti-missile weapon developed by the Almaz Central Design Bureau as an evolution of the S-300PMU [SA-10] family. This new system is intended to detect and destroy airborne targets at a distance of up to 400 km (2- 2.5 times greater than the previous S-300PMU system). The Triumf system includes radars capable of detecting low-signature targets. And the anti-missile capability of the system has been increased to the limits established by the ABM Treaty demarcation agreements -- it can intercept targets with velocities of up to 4.8 km/sec, corresponding to a ballistic missile range of 3,500 km.
The system was developed through the cooperation of the Almaz Central Design Bureau, Fakel Machine Building Design Bureau, Novosibirsk Scientific Research Institute of Instruments, St. Petersburg Design Bureau of Special Machine Building and other enterprises.
The Fakel Machine Building Design Bureau has developed two new missiles for Triumf.
The "big" missile [designation otherwise unknown] has a range of up to 400 km and will be able to engage "over- the-horizon [OTH]" targets using a new seeker head developed by Almaz Central Design Bureau. This seeker can operate in both a semiactive and active mode, with the seeker switched to a search mode on ground command and homing on targets independently. Targets for this missile include airborne early warning and control aircraft as well as jammers.
The 9M96 missile is designed to destroy aircraft and air- delivered weapons at ranges in excess of 120 km. The missile is small-- considerably lighter than the ZUR 48N6Ye used in the S-300PMU1 systems and the Favorit. The missile is equipped with an active homing head and has an estimated single shot kill probability of 0.9 for manned aircraft and 0.8 for unmanned maneuvering aircraft. a gas-dynamic control system enables the 9M96 missile to maneuver at altitudes of up to 35 km at forces of over 20g, which permits engagment of non- strategic ballistic missiles. A mockup of the missile was set up at an Athens arms exhibition in October 1998. One 9M96 modification will become the basic long-range weapon of Air Force combat aircraft, and may become the standardized missile for air defense SAM systems, ship-launched air defense missile systems, and fighter aircraft.
These new missiles can be accomodated on the existing SAM system launchers of the S-300PMU family. A container with four 9M96's can be installed in place of one container with the 5V55 or 48N6 missiles, and thus the the standard launcher intended for four 48N6Ye missiles can accommodate up to 16 9M96Ye missiles. Triumf provides for the greatest possible continuity with systems of the S-300PMU family (PMU1, PMU2), making it possible to smoothly change over to the production of the new generation system. It will include the previous control complex, though supporting not six but eight SAM systems, as well as multifunctional radar systems illumination and guidance, launchers, and associated autonomous detection and target indication systems.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
S-300V
SA-12A GLADIATOR and SA-12B GIANT
The S-300V (SA-12) low-to-high Altitude, tactical surface to air missile system also has anti-ballistic missile capabilities. The HQ-18 reportedly the designation of a Chinese copy of the Russian S300V, though the details of this program remain rather conjectural. In early 1996 Russia astounded the United States Army by marketing the Russian SA-12 surface-to-air missile system in the UAE in direct competition with the United States Army's Patriot system. Rosvooruzheniye offered the UAE the highest-quality Russian strategic air defense system, the SA-12 Gladiator, as an alternative to the Patriot at half the cost. The offer also included forgiveness of some of Russia's debt to the UAE.
The S-300V consists of:
9M82 SA-12b GIANT missile
9M83 SA-12a GLADIATOR missile
9A82 SA-12b GIANT TELAR
9A93 SA-12a GLADIATOR TELAR
9A84 GIANT Launcher/Loader Vehicle (LLV)
9A85 GLADIATOR Launcher/Loader Vehicle (LLV)
9S15 BILL BOARD Surveillance Radar system
9S19 HIGH SCREEN Sector Radar system
9S32 GRILL PAN Guidance Radar system
9S457 Command Station
The 9M83 SA-12a GLADIATOR is a dual-role anti-missile and anti-aircraft missile with a maximum range between 75 and 90 km.
The 9M82 SA-12b GIANT missile, configured primarily for the ATBM role, is a longer range system [maximum range between 100 and 200 km] with a longer fuselage with larger solid-fuel motor.
The 9A82 SA-12b GIANT and 9A93 SA-12a GLADIATOR TELAR vehicles are similar, though the 9A83-1 carries four 9M83 SA-12a GLADIATOR missiles, whereas the 9A82 carries only two 9M82 SA-12b GIANT missiles. The configuration of the vehicles command radar is also different. On the 9A83-1 the radar is mounted on a folding mast providing 360º coverage in azimuth and full hemispheric coverage in elevation. The radar on the 9M82 TELAR is mounted in a semi-fixed position over the cab, providing 90º coverage on either side in azimuth and 110º in elevation. The TELARs are not capable of autonomous engagements, requiring the support of the GRILL PAN radar.
The 9S457-1 Command Post Vehicle is the command and control vehicle for the SA-12 system, which is supported by the BILL BOARD A surveillance radar and the HIGH SCREEN sector radar. The CPV and its associated radars can detect up to 200 targets, track as many as 70 targets and designate 24 of the targets to the brigade's four GRILL PAN radar systems for engagement by the SA-12a and SA-12b TELARs.
The BILL BOARD A radar provides general surveillance, with the antenna rotating every 6-12 seconds. The radar, which can detect up to 200 targets, provides target coverage of 0-55º in elevation and 10-250 km in range with an accuracy is 30-35 min of arc in azimuth and 250 m in range. and.
The HIGH SCREEN sector radar supporst the ATBM role, providing surveillance of anticipated azimuths of threat missiles. The radar is switches to a tracking mode when high speed targets are detected, automatically transmiting the trajectory parameters to the Command Post Vehicle. The CPV prioritizes the threat and instructs the HIGH SCREEN radar to track specific missiles, with the maximum being 16 simultaneous targets.
The GRILL PAN radar system controls the battery's launcher vehicles (TELARs and LLVs). It can simultaneously track up to 12 targets and control up to six missiles against these targets The radar can acquire targets with a radar cross-section of 2m2 at a range of 150 km in manual mode and 140 km in automatic mode. The GRILL PAN tracks targets assigned to it by the CP while simultaneously maintaining a horizon search for new targets.
The LLVs (9A85 GLADIATOR and 9A83 GLADIATOR) resemble normal TELARs, but with a loading crane rather than command radars. While the primary role of the LLV is to replenish the TELARs, they can also erecting and launch missiles if needed, though they are dependent on the use of command radars from neighboring TELARs.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Beriev A-50 Mainstay
The A 50 Mainstay SDRLO (Long Range Detection System) aircraft is based on a stretched Ilyushin IL-76 Transport in widespread service with Soviet Forces combined with an upgraded "Flat Jack" radar system. Developed to replace the TU-126 Moss (a variant of the Bear bomber), the Mainstay first flew in 1980 with about 40 produced by 1992. The Mainstay is not as sophisticated as its western counterpart, the E-3 Sentry, but provides Russian Fighter Regiments with an airborne control capability over both land and water. Mainstays have been used by the Russian Air Force at bases in the Kola Peninsula and for observing Allied air operations during the 1991 Gulf War from bases in Ukraine. In 1994 NATO proposed making the E-3 Sentry and the Beriev Mainstay interoperable to enable Russia to provide AEW&C support to future United Nations or coalition operations.
The aircraft's wings are high-mounted, swept-back, and tapered with blunt tips. There are four turbofan engines mounted on pylons under and extending beyond the wings’ leading edges. The fuselage is long, round and tapered to the rear with a radome on the chin. There is a saucer type radome on top of the aircraft. There is a stepped-up cockpit. The fail flats are swept-back and tapered with blunt tips high-mounted on the swept-back, tapered fin, forming a T. The aircraft can stay aloft without refueling for four to six hours and can remain airborne for another four hours with mid-air refueling. The aircraft has a maximum range of 1,800 kilometers, while the radar has a detection range of up to 800 kilometers, and can track 200 targets simultaneously.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
S-500
S-500 is described as an upgraded version of the S-400 SA-20 Triumf, which is estimated to be capable of engaging target missiles with ranges of up to 3,500 kilometers. Almost no information is available on the S-500, but it is assumed to have capabilities that go beyond those specified in the 1997 demarcation thresholds allowed for tactical anti-ballistic missile systems under the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hen house radar
Operational ballistic missile early warning is providing by 11 large HEN HOUSE detection and tracking radars at six locations on the periphery of the Willink. These radars can distinguish the size of an attack, confirm the warning from the satellite and over-the-horizon radar systems, and provide target-tracking data in support of antiballistic missile (ABM) deployments.
There are three variants of the HEN HOUSE radar:
Dnestr - 6,000 ft2 large straight array
Dnepr - 3,000 ft2 large Y-array
Daugava - 1,000 ft2 small Y-array
The Dnestr above-the-horizon early warning radars were developed by the Radio-Electronic Research Institute (NIRI) of the Soviet Academy of Sciences under the supervision of A. Mints (Chief Designer Yu. Polyak). The maximum detection range of the radars for a target with a range of 1,600 kilometers was 1,440 kilometers, for a missile launched at 3,200 kilometers the detection range was 2,400 kilometers, and for an intercontinental missile [with a range of 8,000 kilometers] the detection range was 3,520 kilometers.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
C3 system
Until the disintegration of the Soviet Union its C3 system was built on the principle of launch-on-warning [LOW]. This posture remains in effect, and procedures are regularly exercised. The Russian command system is poised to obtain nuclear weapons release authority within 10 minutes from the President, the Defense Minister, or the Chief of the General Staff, through the Cheget nuclear suitcase. Physical control of the unlock and launch authorization codes resides with the military, the General Staff has direct access to these codes, and can initiate a missile attack with or without the permission of political authorities.
The Russian General Staff has two methods for launching nuclear weapons. Following the American pattern, the unlock and launch authorization codes held by the General Staff at their command centers can be sent directly to individual weapons commanders, who would execute the launch procedures. The crews onboard docked submarines, have demonstrated the ability to fire while surfaced at pier-side within 9 to 15 minutes after receiving the order. Or, the General Staff could direct missile launches directly from command centers in the Moscow vicinity or alternative facilities at Chekhov, Penza, and elsewhere. This is a remote launch of land-based strategic missiles would bypass the subordinate chain of command and missile launch crews.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tien Ma 1 missile
Tien Ma 1
Country: Taiwan
Alternate Name: Sky Horse
Class: SRBM
Basing: Surface based
Payload: Single warhead, 350 kg
Warhead: HE
Propulsion: 2-stage solid
Range: 950 km
The Tien Ma missile program was designed to create a short-range, ground based, solid propellant missile. It was initially started in 1993 to extend the Republic of China (ROC)’s defense of Taiwan to inland of the Chinese mainland. The program was cancelled soon after it began because of technical problems, but then restarted in 1996 after the threat from the People’s Republic of China (PRC) began to escalate. The program was however permanently abandoned in 2000 after the technology for use in the Tien Ma was outmoded.
The Tien Ma 1 missile was designed to allow strikes against the mainland of the PRC. The range would have allowed for attacks against PRC cities and inland military targets. The payload is reasonable for use against military targets, but insufficient against population centers. The ROC currently relies upon the United States for its deterrent, so the development of this capability would not fit into ROC missile doctrine. It is probable that the weapon would have been used with powerful high explosive warheads against strategic targets in military and civilian areas, such as command bases, power plants and airfields. ROC guidance technology is sufficiently advanced to be able to strike these targets and successfully undermine the PRC military’s ability to undertake an invasion.
The missile project has probably been replaced, but the ROC maintains extensive secrecy around its missile systems in the face of a likely communist invasion. The Tien Ma 1 was intended to have a range of 950 km (590 miles) and a payload of 350 kg. The concept called for a two-stage solid propellant rocket, capable of being readily fired. It is probably road mobile, to allow for faster deployment. It is likely the program replacing the Tien Ma has similar capabilities.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
THis is all the info that is declassified right now
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
S-400 SA-20 Triumf
Triumf S-400 is a new generation of air defense and theater anti-missile weapon developed by the Almaz Central Design Bureau as an evolution of the S-300PMU [SA-10] family. This new system is intended to detect and destroy airborne targets at a distance of up to 400 km (2- 2.5 times greater than the previous S-300PMU system). The Triumf system includes radars capable of detecting low-signature targets. And the anti-missile capability of the system has been increased to the limits established by the ABM Treaty demarcation agreements -- it can intercept targets with velocities of up to 4.8 km/sec, corresponding to a ballistic missile range of 3,500 km.
The system was developed through the cooperation of the Almaz Central Design Bureau, Fakel Machine Building Design Bureau, Novosibirsk Scientific Research Institute of Instruments, St. Petersburg Design Bureau of Special Machine Building and other enterprises.
The Fakel Machine Building Design Bureau has developed two new missiles for Triumf.
The "big" missile [designation otherwise unknown] has a range of up to 400 km and will be able to engage "over- the-horizon [OTH]" targets using a new seeker head developed by Almaz Central Design Bureau. This seeker can operate in both a semiactive and active mode, with the seeker switched to a search mode on ground command and homing on targets independently. Targets for this missile include airborne early warning and control aircraft as well as jammers.
The 9M96 missile is designed to destroy aircraft and air- delivered weapons at ranges in excess of 120 km. The missile is small-- considerably lighter than the ZUR 48N6Ye used in the S-300PMU1 systems and the Favorit. The missile is equipped with an active homing head and has an estimated single shot kill probability of 0.9 for manned aircraft and 0.8 for unmanned maneuvering aircraft. a gas-dynamic control system enables the 9M96 missile to maneuver at altitudes of up to 35 km at forces of over 20g, which permits engagment of non- strategic ballistic missiles. A mockup of the missile was set up at an Athens arms exhibition in October 1998. One 9M96 modification will become the basic long-range weapon of Air Force combat aircraft, and may become the standardized missile for air defense SAM systems, ship-launched air defense missile systems, and fighter aircraft.
These new missiles can be accomodated on the existing SAM system launchers of the S-300PMU family. A container with four 9M96's can be installed in place of one container with the 5V55 or 48N6 missiles, and thus the the standard launcher intended for four 48N6Ye missiles can accommodate up to 16 9M96Ye missiles. Triumf provides for the greatest possible continuity with systems of the S-300PMU family (PMU1, PMU2), making it possible to smoothly change over to the production of the new generation system. It will include the previous control complex, though supporting not six but eight SAM systems, as well as multifunctional radar systems illumination and guidance, launchers, and associated autonomous detection and target indication systems.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
S-300V
SA-12A GLADIATOR and SA-12B GIANT
The S-300V (SA-12) low-to-high Altitude, tactical surface to air missile system also has anti-ballistic missile capabilities. The HQ-18 reportedly the designation of a Chinese copy of the Russian S300V, though the details of this program remain rather conjectural. In early 1996 Russia astounded the United States Army by marketing the Russian SA-12 surface-to-air missile system in the UAE in direct competition with the United States Army's Patriot system. Rosvooruzheniye offered the UAE the highest-quality Russian strategic air defense system, the SA-12 Gladiator, as an alternative to the Patriot at half the cost. The offer also included forgiveness of some of Russia's debt to the UAE.
The S-300V consists of:
9M82 SA-12b GIANT missile
9M83 SA-12a GLADIATOR missile
9A82 SA-12b GIANT TELAR
9A93 SA-12a GLADIATOR TELAR
9A84 GIANT Launcher/Loader Vehicle (LLV)
9A85 GLADIATOR Launcher/Loader Vehicle (LLV)
9S15 BILL BOARD Surveillance Radar system
9S19 HIGH SCREEN Sector Radar system
9S32 GRILL PAN Guidance Radar system
9S457 Command Station
The 9M83 SA-12a GLADIATOR is a dual-role anti-missile and anti-aircraft missile with a maximum range between 75 and 90 km.
The 9M82 SA-12b GIANT missile, configured primarily for the ATBM role, is a longer range system [maximum range between 100 and 200 km] with a longer fuselage with larger solid-fuel motor.
The 9A82 SA-12b GIANT and 9A93 SA-12a GLADIATOR TELAR vehicles are similar, though the 9A83-1 carries four 9M83 SA-12a GLADIATOR missiles, whereas the 9A82 carries only two 9M82 SA-12b GIANT missiles. The configuration of the vehicles command radar is also different. On the 9A83-1 the radar is mounted on a folding mast providing 360º coverage in azimuth and full hemispheric coverage in elevation. The radar on the 9M82 TELAR is mounted in a semi-fixed position over the cab, providing 90º coverage on either side in azimuth and 110º in elevation. The TELARs are not capable of autonomous engagements, requiring the support of the GRILL PAN radar.
The 9S457-1 Command Post Vehicle is the command and control vehicle for the SA-12 system, which is supported by the BILL BOARD A surveillance radar and the HIGH SCREEN sector radar. The CPV and its associated radars can detect up to 200 targets, track as many as 70 targets and designate 24 of the targets to the brigade's four GRILL PAN radar systems for engagement by the SA-12a and SA-12b TELARs.
The BILL BOARD A radar provides general surveillance, with the antenna rotating every 6-12 seconds. The radar, which can detect up to 200 targets, provides target coverage of 0-55º in elevation and 10-250 km in range with an accuracy is 30-35 min of arc in azimuth and 250 m in range. and.
The HIGH SCREEN sector radar supporst the ATBM role, providing surveillance of anticipated azimuths of threat missiles. The radar is switches to a tracking mode when high speed targets are detected, automatically transmiting the trajectory parameters to the Command Post Vehicle. The CPV prioritizes the threat and instructs the HIGH SCREEN radar to track specific missiles, with the maximum being 16 simultaneous targets.
The GRILL PAN radar system controls the battery's launcher vehicles (TELARs and LLVs). It can simultaneously track up to 12 targets and control up to six missiles against these targets The radar can acquire targets with a radar cross-section of 2m2 at a range of 150 km in manual mode and 140 km in automatic mode. The GRILL PAN tracks targets assigned to it by the CP while simultaneously maintaining a horizon search for new targets.
The LLVs (9A85 GLADIATOR and 9A83 GLADIATOR) resemble normal TELARs, but with a loading crane rather than command radars. While the primary role of the LLV is to replenish the TELARs, they can also erecting and launch missiles if needed, though they are dependent on the use of command radars from neighboring TELARs.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Beriev A-50 Mainstay
The A 50 Mainstay SDRLO (Long Range Detection System) aircraft is based on a stretched Ilyushin IL-76 Transport in widespread service with Soviet Forces combined with an upgraded "Flat Jack" radar system. Developed to replace the TU-126 Moss (a variant of the Bear bomber), the Mainstay first flew in 1980 with about 40 produced by 1992. The Mainstay is not as sophisticated as its western counterpart, the E-3 Sentry, but provides Russian Fighter Regiments with an airborne control capability over both land and water. Mainstays have been used by the Russian Air Force at bases in the Kola Peninsula and for observing Allied air operations during the 1991 Gulf War from bases in Ukraine. In 1994 NATO proposed making the E-3 Sentry and the Beriev Mainstay interoperable to enable Russia to provide AEW&C support to future United Nations or coalition operations.
The aircraft's wings are high-mounted, swept-back, and tapered with blunt tips. There are four turbofan engines mounted on pylons under and extending beyond the wings’ leading edges. The fuselage is long, round and tapered to the rear with a radome on the chin. There is a saucer type radome on top of the aircraft. There is a stepped-up cockpit. The fail flats are swept-back and tapered with blunt tips high-mounted on the swept-back, tapered fin, forming a T. The aircraft can stay aloft without refueling for four to six hours and can remain airborne for another four hours with mid-air refueling. The aircraft has a maximum range of 1,800 kilometers, while the radar has a detection range of up to 800 kilometers, and can track 200 targets simultaneously.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
S-500
S-500 is described as an upgraded version of the S-400 SA-20 Triumf, which is estimated to be capable of engaging target missiles with ranges of up to 3,500 kilometers. Almost no information is available on the S-500, but it is assumed to have capabilities that go beyond those specified in the 1997 demarcation thresholds allowed for tactical anti-ballistic missile systems under the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hen house radar
Operational ballistic missile early warning is providing by 11 large HEN HOUSE detection and tracking radars at six locations on the periphery of the Willink. These radars can distinguish the size of an attack, confirm the warning from the satellite and over-the-horizon radar systems, and provide target-tracking data in support of antiballistic missile (ABM) deployments.
There are three variants of the HEN HOUSE radar:
Dnestr - 6,000 ft2 large straight array
Dnepr - 3,000 ft2 large Y-array
Daugava - 1,000 ft2 small Y-array
The Dnestr above-the-horizon early warning radars were developed by the Radio-Electronic Research Institute (NIRI) of the Soviet Academy of Sciences under the supervision of A. Mints (Chief Designer Yu. Polyak). The maximum detection range of the radars for a target with a range of 1,600 kilometers was 1,440 kilometers, for a missile launched at 3,200 kilometers the detection range was 2,400 kilometers, and for an intercontinental missile [with a range of 8,000 kilometers] the detection range was 3,520 kilometers.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
C3 system
Until the disintegration of the Soviet Union its C3 system was built on the principle of launch-on-warning [LOW]. This posture remains in effect, and procedures are regularly exercised. The Russian command system is poised to obtain nuclear weapons release authority within 10 minutes from the President, the Defense Minister, or the Chief of the General Staff, through the Cheget nuclear suitcase. Physical control of the unlock and launch authorization codes resides with the military, the General Staff has direct access to these codes, and can initiate a missile attack with or without the permission of political authorities.
The Russian General Staff has two methods for launching nuclear weapons. Following the American pattern, the unlock and launch authorization codes held by the General Staff at their command centers can be sent directly to individual weapons commanders, who would execute the launch procedures. The crews onboard docked submarines, have demonstrated the ability to fire while surfaced at pier-side within 9 to 15 minutes after receiving the order. Or, the General Staff could direct missile launches directly from command centers in the Moscow vicinity or alternative facilities at Chekhov, Penza, and elsewhere. This is a remote launch of land-based strategic missiles would bypass the subordinate chain of command and missile launch crews.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tien Ma 1 missile
Tien Ma 1
Country: Taiwan
Alternate Name: Sky Horse
Class: SRBM
Basing: Surface based
Payload: Single warhead, 350 kg
Warhead: HE
Propulsion: 2-stage solid
Range: 950 km
The Tien Ma missile program was designed to create a short-range, ground based, solid propellant missile. It was initially started in 1993 to extend the Republic of China (ROC)’s defense of Taiwan to inland of the Chinese mainland. The program was cancelled soon after it began because of technical problems, but then restarted in 1996 after the threat from the People’s Republic of China (PRC) began to escalate. The program was however permanently abandoned in 2000 after the technology for use in the Tien Ma was outmoded.
The Tien Ma 1 missile was designed to allow strikes against the mainland of the PRC. The range would have allowed for attacks against PRC cities and inland military targets. The payload is reasonable for use against military targets, but insufficient against population centers. The ROC currently relies upon the United States for its deterrent, so the development of this capability would not fit into ROC missile doctrine. It is probable that the weapon would have been used with powerful high explosive warheads against strategic targets in military and civilian areas, such as command bases, power plants and airfields. ROC guidance technology is sufficiently advanced to be able to strike these targets and successfully undermine the PRC military’s ability to undertake an invasion.
The missile project has probably been replaced, but the ROC maintains extensive secrecy around its missile systems in the face of a likely communist invasion. The Tien Ma 1 was intended to have a range of 950 km (590 miles) and a payload of 350 kg. The concept called for a two-stage solid propellant rocket, capable of being readily fired. It is probably road mobile, to allow for faster deployment. It is likely the program replacing the Tien Ma has similar capabilities.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
THis is all the info that is declassified right now