The British Federation
23-06-2004, 04:29
Once amongst the elite of armament exporters, the UK lost much ground during the mass emigrations that birthed so many Nation States around the world. Since the rise to power of John Bull’s British Industrial Democrats it has been the intention of the government to restore something of that reputation.
A major programme of re-nationalisation and some significant redistribution of control affected a number of leading military contractors and armaments factories. Today The Federal United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland looks to begin again its tradition of arming the civilised world in defence of democracy and humanity.
London maintains its right to veto potential contracts between British firms and foreign authorities.
Military aircraft available for export
Fixed Wing-
Hawker Siddeley GR9B Harrier
The Harrier “Jump Jet” is unquestionably one of the modern world’s most famous military aircraft, having served in a number of configurations for British, Spanish, Italian, and American forces, amongst others, and engaged in the Falklands and the first Gulf War. Hawker Siddeley manufactures the single-seat GR9B for the Royal Air Force, which employs the proven airframe in the support of ground forces and secondarily in an air-to-air role.
Technical Data
A new Rolls Royce engine that gives a performance close to Mach 1 (in level flight, with Mach 1.3 reachable in a dive) powers the GR9B. Ceiling is in the area of 15,000 metres (50,000 ft).
Armament consists of AIM-132 ASRAAM, free-fall and guided bombs, unguided rockets, Brimstone AGM, and 30mm Aden cannon pods.
Standard cost
The GR9B is expected to sell at £12 million per unit (in the region of US$22million), but as ever the size of a contract may have a bearing on the cost of a production run.
Image (http://www.ctie.monash.edu.au/hargrave/images/camm_harrier_gr7_500.jpg)
BAe Sea Harrier 3
A true multi-role aircraft, the Sea Harrier is of course related to the previously offered Harrier ground attack aircraft. Optimised for ship-borne operation, the Sea Harrier can operate from small carriers such as the Invincible Class, and can combat threats in the air, on land, or at sea. The Sea Harrier 3 is basically similar to the FA2 (fighter/attack), which is a development of the FRS1 (fighter/reconnaissance/strike) carrying more advanced avionics and the Blue Vixen radar.
Technical Data
Power is provided by a Rolls-Royce Pegasus vectored-thrust turbofan, which gives 9,752kg (21,500lb) of dry thrust and allows speeds of around 1,186kp/h (736mph/639kt). Ceiling is 15,600m (51,200ft), and maximum range about 1,480km (800nm). Armament is carried on four under-wing and three under-fuselage pylons, and may consist variously of 30mm Aden Cannon pods (usually two under-fuselage), free-fall and guided bombs, unguided rockets, Brimstone air-to-ground missiles, Sea Eagle anti-ship missiles, AIM-132 ASRAAM, and Mica AMRAAM. It is also possible that the aircraft may be configured to operate American AIM-9 Sidewinder and AMRAAM, Harpoon, or French Magic II AAMs.
Standard Cost
£12 million (US$22million)
Image (http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Images/Harrier12.jpg)
Panavia Tornado
Tornado is yet another highly distinctive combat aircraft produced in the UK and serving across the world. Britain, Germany, Italy, Saudia Arabia, and Oman are amongst this swing-wing aircraft’s user countries. It is produced (in Britain) by British Aerospace.
Existing in British production and service in two versions, Tornado is available both as ground-attack platform and interceptor.
GR4Z is the current ground attack version, F3Z the interceptor. The latest (Z) versions of Tornado, commissioned since PM Bull’s rise to power incorporate a number of minor improvements mainly facilitated by the UK’s new commitment to performance over cost-cutting, in contrast to the former –reversed- situation. Today the Z series Tornado are primarily single-role aircraft designed to serve with an air force that is prepared to spend what needs to be spent, rather than seeking to cut corners and make do, as this is no longer deemed possible in the vast Nation States world around us.
Tornado F3Z is able to receive data directly from AEW aircraft and even other fighters, giving it an exceptional view of a battle and actually enabling an individual aircraft to select and close on a target without targeting it directly. This averts the early warning that would be given by locking-on with the attacking fighter’s own radar, and as such leaves the enemy with poor warning and liable to be confused. Targeting by the attacking aircraft need only be done in the final moments before launching missiles
Technical Data
Powerplant is two Turbo-Union RB199s giving 2,336km/h (1,452mph/Mach 2.2) at 11,000m (36,000ft.) or 1,140km/h (710mph) at sea level.
Crew is two man; pilot and weapons-systems-operator.
Armament/other combat systems depends on type (GR4Z/F3Z)
The GR4Z ground attack aircraft carries- Emitter Location System, ALARM, AIM-132 ASRAAM, 27mm Mauser cannon, unguided rockets, laser-guided and free-fall bombs, Brimstone AGM, and Storm Shadow cruise missiles.
The F3Z interceptor carries- 27mm Mauser cannon, four under-wing AIM-132 ASRAAM, four under-fuselage Skyflash AAM or Mica AMRAAM.
Standard cost
£14million (around US$25+million)
Image (http://www.machloop.co.uk/ARWEL%20F3.JPG)
SEPECAT Jaguar GR3/T4
An Anglo-French project recently upgraded in British service. The Jaguar GR3 is now a potent fighter bomber, while the T4 is a two-seat trainer.
The upgrade included improved avionics including Global Positioning System (GPS) and Terrain-Referenced Navigation (TRN) , Night Vision Goggles (NVG) compatible lighting (both internally and externally), helmet-mounted sight and ASRAAM capability, and new Head-Up and Head-Down Displays in the cockpit. It can also carry extra sensor-pods for reconnaissance duties. The plane is capable of in-flight refuelling
Technical Data
Powerplant is two Turbomeca/Rolls-Royce Adour turbofans giving a top-speed of 1,700km/h (1,056mph). Ceiling is over 12,000m (40,000ft)
Armament consists of two 30mm Aden cannon and up to 4,500kg (10,000lb) of stores which may be free-fall or laser-guided bombs including 1,000 pound and cluster bombs, CRV-7 rocket pods, Brimstone AGM, and two AIM-132 ASRAAM for self-defence.
Standard cost
£12.5million (around US$23million)
Image (http://www.scramble.nl/mil/1/raf/gfx/photos/main-jaguar.jpg)
BAe Hawk LIFT
Lead-In Flight Trainer series
Another world-famous aircraft of British origin, the Hawk has for decades served countless nations in a number of roles. Flying in one variant for the US navy as the T-45 Goshawk, and in others for nations as diverse as Kenya, Switzerland, Malaysia, Finland, and Australia, the Hawk is a reliable and versatile aircraft ideal for training new pilots and still able to fight hard in its own right. The Hawk LIFT is designed to prepare an entirely new generation of pilots for service in aircraft such as the Eurofighter Typhoon or Saab Gripen.
This aircraft features greatly improved avionics and cockpit, and its HUD systems can be adapted for each customer, depending upon the systems likely to be encountered by pilots once they move on to flying combat aircraft in the buying nation.
BAe states that the new Hawk shall have up to four times the fatigue life of older variants, making it a good long-term investment and hard-wearing piece of technology. The aircraft boasts an airframe health and usage monitoring system to keep track of this.
Technical Data
Currently powered by a long-life Rolls-Royce Adour 900 engine, the Hawk is capable of 1,000km/h (620mph/540kt), and has a roughly 2,520km (1,565mile) range and 13,565m (44,500ft) ceiling. Armament, if desired, may consist of AIM-132 ASRAAM or AIM-9 Sidewinder, rocket-pods, bombs, and potentially other IR-guided AAMs that may be used by individual customers.
Standard Cost
While cost may vary where nations wish small runs with unusual cockpit arrangement or weapons configuration, the basic estimate is for about £9million (US$16.5million) per unit.
Image (http://www.futura-dtp.dk/Flysiden/images/HawkLIFT.jpg)
BAe Nimrod MRA4
Based on the groundbreaking Comet civilian airliner, the Nimrod is unique in being a jet powered long-range maritime patrol aircraft. It combines the usual long range expected of aircraft in this role with advantages in speed and ceiling, and while propeller-driven aircraft give-off a resonance that can be detected by submerged vessels, the Nimrod’s buried jet engines are virtually undetectable to the same targets. The MRA4 is significantly upgraded, with new electronics and a mid-air refuelling capacity.
Technical Data
Powerplant is four Rolls-Royce/BMW BR710 turbofan engines giving a top speed of 926km/h (575mph). Maximum endurance is around ten hours.
Crew is typically thirteen, though there is accommodation for up to twenty-five.
Armament and other equipment comes in the form of up to nine Stingray torpedoes, bombs, and Sea Eagle or Harpoon missiles stored internally, Sidewinder or ASRAAM missiles under wing for opportunity attacks against opposing surveillance aircraft, a range of air-deliverable dinghies, survival packs and other stores and up to 150 sonobuoys of various sorts.
Standard Cost
£50million (around US$90million) but subject to significant reduction should large orders be forthcoming.
Image (http://www.flowmaster.com/images/nimrod_mra4_1.gif)
BAe Nimrod R1
To create an electronic surveillance version of the venerable Nimrod, the original maritime equipment was removed from the airframe and replaced with a highly sophisticated and sensitive suite of systems used for reconnaissance and the gathering of electronic intelligence. The ability of the Nimrod to loiter for long periods, following a high-speed dash to the required area of operation, make the aircraft ideally suited to this task.
Technical data is similar to the maritime reconnaissance version, but this type does not generally carry armament. The aircraft appears externally very similar to that version.
Standard cost
£54million (around US$98million), partly due to the small number of conversions yet carried-out.
BAe Nimrod AEW.3
An airborne early warning system attempted some years ago, prior to the rise of the British Industrial Democratic Party, and abandoned in favour of US systems because it was deemed too big a job for Britain alone. A red rag to PM Bull! On his election, John Bull made the reactivation of this project a flagship in his fleet of industrial recoveries. Appearing fairly similar to other Nimrod variants, the AEW.3 has a bulbous nose, and a tail boom that houses radar equipment. Electronically, the AEW.3 is said to be similarly capable –and presumably marginally superior- to the E-3 Sentry that it replaces. The government is said to be very keen to promote this aircraft as an alternative to the pervasive American systems, with the PM saying, “well it’s got those swinging sixties lines, it’s just not so ugly as the competition!”
Standard cost
£132million (around US$243million)
Image (http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~8sqnwad/images/nim3.jpg)
English Electric Canberra
A ground breaking design actually born in the 1940s as a medium bomber. Another classic of British engineering and pioneering that has outlived generations of competitors, the Canberra is now employed by the RAF as a photo-reconnaissance and mapping jet, aerodynamic research vehicle, and electronic intelligence gathering platform. English and Electric and Short Brothers of Belfast can today produce the Canberra for those missions, for museum and private collections, and as a bomber for (responsible) cash-strapped forces.
Technical Data
Powerplant is in the form of two Rolls-Royce Avon turbojets giving a top-speed of 876km/h (547mph). Range is more than 5,800km (over 3,600miles) in ferry mode, and 1,295km (805miles) in combat. Usual service ceiling is about 14,630m (48,000ft), but variants have climbed far beyond that.
Crew is usually two persons.
Armament in the bomber role affords a payload slightly over 3,600kg (8,000lb) of internal and external bombs, and rocket packs. Usually electronic surveillance equipment or cameras would be fitted instead, along with countermeasures.
Standard Cost
£2million (around US$3.7million) in basic form, specific equipment significantly alters cost.
Image (http://www.raf.mod.uk/downloads/g_images/canberra01.jpg)
Vickers-Armstrong VC-10 C1K
Another elegant design, the VC-10 serves as a passenger, freight, and tanker aircraft in one. As a transport, the VC-10 has accommodation for 150 passengers and 9 crew. By use of a large freight door on the aircraft’s left side, it can accept NATO standard pallets, and vehicles, up to a total of 20,500kg (45,000lb). Up to 76 stretchers may be fitted for medical evacuation roles. As an aerial refuelling tanker, the VC-10 uses its own fuel stowage of 70,000kg (154,000lb) to serve up to two other aircraft. The VC-10 itself may refuel from another tanker aircraft.
Technical Data
Powerplant is four Rolls-Royce Conway 301 turbofans giving up to 830km/h (518mph) cruise speeds and 5,800km (3,600mile) range. Service ceiling is 11,580m (38,000ft).
Standard Cost
£24million (around US$44million)
Image (http://www.raf.mod.uk/downloads/g_images/vc1004.jpg)
Rotary Wing-
GKN Westland/Agusta Merlin HC3, HM Mk 1
Developed in a joint venture between Britain and Italy, the Merlin is one of the world’s most sophisticated anti-ship/submarine warfare helicopters, and does not let this diminish its capacity as a medium-lift transport helicopter. It can also be deployed in tracking and surveillance, search and rescue, and even airborne early warning roles, deployed either from ship or from shore.
In Royal Navy service the Merlin HM Mk1 has replaced the famous Sea King Mk6 in the anti-submarine warfare role, to which it is well suited. Sophisticated onboard sensors and computers allow the HM Mk1 to autonomously search for, locate, and attack enemy submarines, making it uniquely capable amongst ASW helicopters. Its Flash sonar can search to a depth of 2,000feet, and the helicopter can loiter for 90 minutes on ASW missions with a radius of 200 nautical miles. Using its over-the-horizon surface radar, Merlin can search a 200,000sq-km area in a single four-hour mission, and relay information back to allied command ships.
The HC3 is used by the Royal Air Force, where it is flown as a support helicopter bringing troops, weapons, and supplies to the field, and evacuating casualties.
Technical Data
Three Rolls-Royce TURBOMECA RTM 322 02/8 engines with individual fuel supplies and a hover in-flight refuelling capacity power Merlin. Top speed is 167knots, with a 150knot cruising speed. Crew is usually three, with pilot, observer, and aircrewman.
Armament in HM Mk1 ASW configuration may be four Stingray torpedoes, depth charges, or any of a range of air to surface weapons, including sea-skimming anti-ship missiles. There is also the capacity to fit guns by removing windows, or through the starboard cargo door or port crew door. In HC3 armament is usually two 7.62x51mm GPMG mounted through the port and starboard cabin windows.
The HC3 can carry 24 combat equipped troops, or the seats folded away can carry a small vehicle, and can take under-slung loads.
Laser and Radar warning receivers, as well as countermeasures are fitted.
Standard Cost
HC3 transport- £22million (around US$40.5million), HM Mk1 ASW- £24million (around US$44million)
Image (http://www.clash-of-steel.co.uk/gallery/pages/med/m_AREH101Merlin1.jpg)
GKN Westland/Augusta Super Lynx 300
Another world-beater, the Lynx was made famous by high performance in its original format. Now modernised as Super Lynx, several versions of the aircraft serve the Royal Navy and the British Army as well as foreign nations from South Korea to Germany, and serves in a variety of environments from ship and shore in Europe, Asia, and Africa.
Technical Data
The helicopter is built from composite materials and light alloys, and the cabin can transport up to nine troops while loads of 1,360kg may be under-slung.
Armament may be four Sea Skua anti-ship missiles, depth charges, or torpedoes, and machineguns may be mounted. A variety of other equipment may be carried, including sonar for detection or communication, reconnaissance cameras, and magnetic anomaly detectors. Power is provided by two Rolls Royce Gem 42-1 turboshaft engines which each provide 835kW. Range with standard tanks is 685km.
Standard Cost
£16million (around US$29million)
Image (http://www.aeronautics.ru/img003/lynx04.jpg)
Information on relevant munitions
P3I AIM-132 ASRAAAM. Advanced Short Range Air-to-Air Missile replaces AIM-9 Sidewinder in British service. Built by BAe, the weapon uses thrust-vectoring to increase agility. Its operational range is from 300m to more than 16km (over 10 miles) and speed in excess of Mach 3.5. A 10kg blast/fragmentation warhead is carried. Guidance is strapdown inertial and Imaging Infrared.
Skyflash
A medium range, supersonic, radar-guided air-to-air missile, Skyflash is essentially a British improved AIM-7 Sparrow missile. The weapon is optimised to confront high-countermeasure environments, but its semi-active guidance means that the launching aircraft must maintain a lock until impact. Speed is well in excess of Mach 2, and range is around 50km (over 30 miles).
Brimstone AGM is capable of defeating the latest explosive-reactive armour fitted to some modern tanks. It is a fire-and-forget weapon able to operate by day or night in adverse weather conditions. Derived from the American Hellfire, Brimstone is actually a system comprising three missiles and a launcher. Range is about 8km (5 miles). Alenia Marconi Systems are today the prime contractors in the production of Brimstone.
Storm Shadow
An air-launched cruise-missile designed to operate in most conditions to destroy command centres, bridges, airfield facilities, and other static high-value targets. Range is over 250km (160 miles) and cruise velocity is well over Mach 0.8.
ALARM
Air-Launched-Anti-Radiation-Missile. This is Britain’s answer to the American Harm. During the latest Balkan conflict more than 100 American HARM missiles were fired against a Serbian radar site. The position survived by deactivating its radar and thus fooling the weapons into missing every time. Eventually the Americans requested British help, and a single ALARM missile destroyed the target that hundreds of millions of dollars worth of American hardware had been wasted against to no result. It is as such clearly arguable that the ALARM is more than a hundred times more potent that HARM. ALARM is launched at low-level near a suspected enemy radar target, and then climbs to 12,000m where it is able to go inactive when a target is lost, deploying a small parachute and descending slowly. When -assuming the threat passed- the target goes on-line again, ALARM reactivates and achieves the kill in a supersonic dive. Range is over 90km (almost 60 miles).
Stingray
A homing torpedo amongst the fastest in its class, the Stingray is optimised for anti-submarine operation. The seeker head of the torpedo is able to home on to submarine targets either passively (by following the noise the submarine makes) or actively (by pinging with its own sonar, and following the sound energy reflected by the target).
Harpoon
A well-known American-origin anti-ship missile employed by the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force. It is widely suspected that Britain is pursuing a replacement, either domestically or potentially as part of a co-operative venture with Commonwealth partners.
Sea Eagle
This is a British anti-ship missile built by BAe. Capable of active radar homing and powered by a turbojet, the 4.15m long missile carries a roughly 230kg armour-piercing warhead to an impressive range of 130km. Coupled with its fire-and-forget, sea-skimming, Mach 1.1 flight, the weapon’s range makes it a formidable foe expecting little risk of its launch aircraft. This weapon may be fitted to Sea Harrier, Jaguar, Tornado, Buccaneer, Merlin, Sea King, and even some varieties of Hawk.
Ground Based Heavy Military Systems
MBDA JERNAS (Rapier Field Standard C) Air Defence Missile System
Once set to be called Mongoose, Rapier’s name was altered purportedly because nobody knew the plural form of Mongoose. Since that amusing conception, Rapier has gone on to serve around the world with British and foreign forces. An older version deployed in the Falkland Islands claimed multiple confirmed kills against aggressing Argentine aircraft, and ten years later work began on a new variant. Known in British service as Rapier FSC, this entered service in 1996 and is available for export as JERNAS.
JERNAS comprises Rapier MK2 missiles and launcher, Blindfire tracking and Dagger surveillance radar units.
The system can defend against low-level fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters, unmanned drones, cruise missiles, and even multiple stealthy targets.
Technical Data
JERNAS firing unit mounts eight launch-ready missiles, which can be manually reloaded within two minutes without the use of mechanical aids.
The system’s rotatable turret is able to provide 360-degree air defence coverage
Mobility: JERNAS can be towed behind medium-sized vehicles and is air-portable by transport planes or helicopter.
Missile: Missile weight is 43kg, and legth 2.24m. Guidance is automatic infrared and radar command to line of sight. Propulsion is a solid-fuel rocket from UK Rocket Motors. Warhead is high-explosive fragmentation with a laser-proximity fuse. Speed is around Mach 2.5 and manoeuvrability in excess of 30G. Single shot kill probability is reputed to be better than 90%
Engagement Range: Around 9km (5.6 miles)
Radar: Dagger has a detection range of 32km and an elevation of 5km and can detect seventy-five threats per second. Clutter rejection algorithms and electronic-countermeasure-resistance are displayed, and transmissions are automatically switched-off when the system detects an anti-radiation missile.
Blindfire’s output is powerful enough to cut-through most jamming signals and the system uses advanced frequency management to evade countermeasures.
A passive-infrared electro-optic tracking device can be used in scanning mode to provide passive target detection and acquisition in radar-silent operations
Reaction time is less than five seconds.
Standard Cost
£12million (around US$22million)
Image (http://www.army-technology.com/projects/jernas/images/jernas3.jpg)
Alvis Vickers Challenger 2E Main Battle Tank
One of the most heavily protected armoured vehicles on the planet, Challenger 2 (CR2) is the current front-line MBT serving the nation that invented the concept of the tank. The 2E is the latest development model built for export and suitable for harsh climactic conditions. Further to the MBT there exists a dedicated Driver Training Tank, which may also be here procured.
Technical Data
Crew is four persons, commander, driver, gunner, and loader.
A 1,500hp Europack with an MTU 883 diesel engine powers Challenger 2E, and as this is smaller and more powerful than the former powerplant is allows for greater fuel stowage and a range of 550km. Top speed is at or above 59km/h on the road despite a 62,500kg weight.
The tank’s dimensions are 8.3metres in length (11.5metres with gun forward), 3.5metres in width, and 2.5metres in height.
Primary armament is one 120mm rifled L30 gun from BAE Systems Royal Ordnance, built from electro-slag refined steel and fitted with a thermal sleeve and fume extractor. Elevation is from –10 to +20 degrees. Ammunition stowage is for fifty rounds including APFSDS, HESH, and smoke rounds, as well as depleted uranium rounds. The Canadian fire control system is essentially an improved version of that fitted in American Abrams tanks. Secondarily there is a coaxial 7.62mm chaingun and a cupola-mounted 7.62mm GPMG L37A2 for anti-aircraft defence.
Protection is by second generation Chobham armour, still a protected British secret, and the tank is fitted with an NBC protection system. As well as being able to fire smoke rounds from its main gun, Challenger 2 mounts ten L8 smoke grenade launchers and can –like many Soviet-bloc AVs- lay a smoke screen by injecting diesel fuel into the exhaust.
Standard Cost
£2.5million (around US$4.6million)
Image (http://www.army-technology.com/projects/challenger2/images/chal1.jpg)
Alvis Vickers Warrior Mechanised Combat Vehicle family
Essentially a fighting armoured personnel carrier built in the finest British tradition that makes it amongst the world’s best protected. Well known incidents of Warrior’s incredible survivability occurred in the war torn years before PM Bull’s rise to power. Dramatic BBC TV footage showed one vehicle rolling over a Serbian anti-tank mine, suffering little or no damage as a result where most ICVs would have been blown to smithereens, their crew likely to be killed. In another well reported incident in Iraq, before the newly elected BID Party withdrew British forces, a Warrior was hit by at least seven rocket propelled anti-tank grenades while on patrol and was able to return safely to base. In the same conflict, similar weapons knocked-out several American Abrams main battle tanks. Warrior is said to be one of the most reliable vehicles of its type.
Technical Data
Basic Warrior section vehicle in service with British forces is fitted with a two man turret mounting a deadly stabilised 40mm Case Telescoped Weapon System (CTWS), ammunition handling system, computerised fire control and day/thermal sighting system, a co-axial 7.62mm chain gun, and smoke grenade dischargers deploying Royal Ordnance Visual and Infra Red Screening Smoke (VIRSS). The new CTWS replaces a 30mm cannon which in itself was able to take-out most other IVs from a mile away. CTWS ammunition is wholly contained within the cartridge, which confers the advantages of high-density storage and, via the use of lightweight materials, a high mass efficiency. The shape of the ammunition also enables novel gun design approaches, which provide space and mass efficiencies. The gun system has been designed to vastly increase reliability by eliminating over 50% of a conventional gun's most unreliable parts. Warrior has received a wider-ranging mid-life improvement under the BID government, fitting it with a digital Fire Control System and Thales Optronics Battle Group Thermal Imaging programme and Bowman Communication System to allow improved performance and nigh-fighting abilities. Warrior Section Vehicle carries several hundred 40mm and 2,000x7.62mm rounds, and can also mount two TOW missile launchers on the turret sides, with four missiles carried internally. Armour proofs the vehicle and crew to 14.5mm armour piercing rounds, 155mm air burst shell fragments, and 9kg anti-tank mines. Appliqué armour can be fitted to further improve protection.
Combat weight is 25,700kg, length is 6.34 metres, width 3 metres, height 1.93 metres to hull roof and 2.79 metres to turret roof. Ground clearance is about 0.5 metres.
Powered by a 550hp Perkins Rolls-Royce Condor CV8 TCA V-8 diesel engine, Warrior can achieve speeds of 75kp/h forward and 48kp/h in reverse, and has a range of 660km. It can ford 1.3 metres and negotiate vertical obstacles of 0.75 metres and trenches of 2.5 metres.
The Section Vehicle carries a crew of three (commander, driver, gunner) plus seven troops with supplies and weapons for 48 hours of battle in NBC conditions.
Variants
Basic Section Vehicle has been described above.
Reconnaissance Vehicle carries extra armour across the front and over the suspension, and has the capacity to carry a fourth crew member (reconnaissance officer) and extra surveillance equipment.
Command Vehicle with extra communications equipment.
Repair and Recovery Vehicle
Combat Repair Vehicle
Mechanised Artillery Observation Vehicle
Battery Command Vehicle which serves the Royal Artillery.
Milan ATGW Carrier
Mortar Carrier produced for export and able to mount mortars in the order of 80mm.
Standard Cost
£2million (around US$3.7million) (OOC: Nb. I have given this as a basic unit cost because I do not want to try valuing each variant individually. This would be hard enough for a casual observer such as myself to do in the real world, let alone given the totally different production environment and scale of Bull’s government in the NS universe. I don’t think that many people work out their spending to the penny, anyway, so I personally am content to assume exact payment worked out behind the scenes by our governments and companies.)
Image (http://www.ifrance.com/ArmyReco/europe/Angleterre/vehicules_legers/MCV-80/Warrior_MCV-80_Infantery_Armoured_Fighting_Vehicle_Irqa_War_UK_British_06.jpg)
FV101 Alvis Scorpion and family
Withdrawn from British service some years ago, Alvis has been encouraged to re-start production of the famous Scorpion reconnaissance vehicle following interest from abroad. Scorpion spawned a large family of quick AVs serving a wide range of battlefield roles for an equally diverse range of nations.
Technical Data-
Scorpion is powered by a Perkins diesel engine giving a top speed of over 80kph and range of over 600km. Provided mainly with aluminium armour averaging around 25mm thick, Scorpion is a lightweight AV, weighing in at little more than 8,000kg.
Crewed by three men, the vehicle’s standard armament consists of a 76mm gun effective to around a thousand metres, and a coaxial 7.62mm machinegun. Four smoke grenade dischargers are also carried. Ammunition for the main gun includes HESH (High Explosive Squash Head), HE, and smoke, and some 40 rounds are carried.
Scorpion’s performance includes a 1 metre fording ability with amphibious potential after preparation. It is fitted with an NBC system and night vision equipment as standard.
With over 3,500 vehicles built for home and export, Scorpion has been provided over the years with a wide range of optional equipment. Such modifications may be made at the buyer’s request, and include replacement of the 76mm gun with a 90mm cannon, addition of an anti-aircraft machinegun, fitting of different fire-control systems, laser range-finder, and air conditioning.
Variants-
FV102 Striker is an ATGW carrier armed with five fire-ready British Aerospace Dynamics Swingfire missiles and five more carried internally. Swingfire is a wire-guided missile with a HEAT warhead and has a range of 4,000m. It can be fired during day and night conditions.
FV103 Spartan is a specialised APC meant to carry engineer assault or MANPAD teams and, carrying just four additional persons, is not meant as a standard personnel carrier. Usually armed with a 7.62mm machinegun, Spartan can mount a two-man turret carrying two Euromissile Milan ATGWs launch-ready, Hughes TOW ATGWs, or twin 20mm cannon. ZB 298 ground surveillance radar may be mounted on Spartan’s roof.
Stormer is a full-blown APC weighing 12,700kg and carrying eight troops. Armament varies greatly, including 7.62mm and 12.7mm machineguns, 20mm, 25mm or 30mm cannon, or 76mm or 90mm guns. Variants include 81mm and 120mm mortar carriers, Shorts Starstreak HVM air defence version with eight fire-ready missiles on an unmanned turret, minelayer, engineer and recovery vehicles and armoured ambulance. Optional equipment includes NBC systems, night vision equipment, land navigation systems, a floatation screen, and firing ports.
FV106 Samson armoured recovery vehicle is meant to recover other vehicles of the Scorpion family.
FV104 Samaritan armoured ambulance has a higher roof.
Standard Cost-
£900,000 (around US$1.66million)
Stormer variants especially tend to be more expensive, but exact cost depends on configuration.
Image (http://www.janes.com/defence/land_forces/supplement/lav/Scorpion.jpg)
BAE Systems Royal Ordnance AS90 Braveheart 155mm self propelled gun
The latest version of the standard British SPG, Braveheart enjoys increased performance thanks to a new, longer 52-calibre barrel. This now also fires new Velocity Enhanced Long-range Artillery Projectile (VLAP). In trials, two AS90 howitzers were able to deliver a total payload of 261kg onto a single target in less than 10 seconds.
Technical Data
An automated loading system enables the gun to fire with a burst rate of 3 rounds in under 10 seconds, an intense rate of 6 rounds per minute in three minutes and a sustained rate of 2 rounds per minute.
Firing range is in excess of 30km with standard ammunition and more than 40km with extended range ammunition.
Armour is of all welded steel and is rated to protect against armour piercing 14.5mm rounds and 152mm shell fragments.
Power plant is a 660hp Cummins V8 diesel engine giving 55kph top speed. Range is 350km.
Crew is five men, and secondary armament is usually one 7.62mm machinegun mounted for anti-air defence.
Standard Cost
£2.2million (around US$4million)
Image (http://www.army-technology.com/projects/as90/images/as90_8.jpg)
Land Rover family light vehicles
Over fifteen thousand various Land Rovers serve with the British Army, undertaking countless roles in all manner of environments and capacities. Owing to the number and variety of vehicles based around the basic chassis, several companies have been involved in making vehicles on this theme.
Known as the Truck Utility Light/Medium (TUL/TUM), the vehicles can be tailored to suit the needs of a force (or customer!). The vehicles carry troops and supplies or equipment, reconnaissance teams, support weapons, and even provide close fire support.
The following configurations are just some that may be acquired.
Wolf TUM(HS) is a high performance version that may be winterised and waterproofed, enabling the vehicle to wade up to windscreen depth and to pre-warm its engine to ensure operation in harsh conditions.
’Wimik’ kits enable stripped-down TULs to be fitted with a roll cage and weapons, usually a 12.7mm ( ‘fifty cal’ ) heavy machinegun and 7.62mm GPMG.
Glover Webb Armoured Patrol Vehicle or APV was developed in the 1980s to meet British requirements in Northern Ireland. It is basically a Land Rover chassis fitted with an armoured body, and can transport six troops in addition to two crewmembers. It is also used by police forces. Another version, the Hornet, is provided with a 7.62mm machinegun in a turret.
Shorland S 55 APC is quite similar to the APV and is in service with over twenty nations around the world. It is also available in a number of variants with firing ports, turrets, and so forth.
Hi-Cap 110 Desert Patrol Vehicles served in the Gulf War and kept going after American Humvees failed. As a result a special division of the American army eventually ordered them.
Land Rovers can be used (and built specifically) as field ambulances, scouts, patrol vehicles, personnel carriers, assault cars, and can mount just about any weapon available from machineguns to anti-tank guided weapons. Starstreak HVM LML (high-velocity missile, lightweight multiple launcher) surface to air missile system is mounted on some British Land Rovers.
The old war-horse is light and air transportable, reliable, and versatile enough that the customer can fashion their order almost to the limits of their imagination.
Ambulance Image (http://www.lrm.co.uk/archive/military/militarygraphics/ambulance02.jpg)
Armed 110 Image (http://oliv-landy.de/pics/army-uk-landy-xd-002.jpg)
Small Arms and Crew-Served Weapons et cetera
Royal Small Arms (Enfield) SA80A3 Individual Weapon L85
The standard service rifle carried by British forces where ever they be met, the L85IW is so accurate that Army marsksmanship tests had to be redesigned when it entered service, because recruits using the new weapon found it too easy. Following its latest mid-life update, the world's most accurate assault rifle also became one of its most reliable. PM Bull's BID government was quick to re-nationalise much British industry, and a major part of Bull's work brought production of the SA80 back to Enfield and away from the troubled Nottingham lines. Thus was born the re-machined A3, made more or less as the weapon should originally have been.
There is a new Under slung Grenade Launcher (UGL) which takes-over the role of both rifle grenades and light (51mm) mortars, firing 40mm High Explosive, smoke, and illuminating rounds out to 350 metres.
Technical Data
L85IW weighs 4.98kg with loaded magazine and optical sight, and is 785mm long with a 518mm barrel. Calibre is 5.56mm (.223in) NATO, giving a muzzle velocity of 940 metres per second. Feed is from a 30 round magazine, and cyclic rate of fire is said to be 610-775 rounds per minute. Effective range is at least 400 metres.
Standard Cost
£900 (around US$1,660) including basic spares, sling, optical sights, bayonet, but not UGL, which is to be sold at £100 (around US$185).
Image (http://www.army.mod.uk/img/equipment/pw/sa80a2.1.jpg)
Royal Small Arms (Enfield) SA80A3 L86 Light Support Weapon
Big brother to the L85 Individual Weapon, the L86 arms one soldier in each of two four-man fire-teams that constitute British infantry sections.
Technical Data
Chambered for the same 5.56mm ammunition as the L85IW, the L86LSW is 900mm long with at 646mm barrel, and weighs 6.58kg with loaded 30 round magazine and mounted optical sights. Cyclic rate of fire is similar to that of the L85 at 610-775 rounds per minute, but effective range is a formidable 1,000m.
Standard Cost
The Enfield SA80A3 L86LSW is to be exported for £1,000 (around US$1,850) with optical sights and initial spares.
Image (http://www1.linkclub.or.jp/~geta/image/guns/lsw003.jpeg)
This facility shall be expanded as Downing Street, Parliament, and the MoD agree that British defence needs are increasingly satisfied.
A major programme of re-nationalisation and some significant redistribution of control affected a number of leading military contractors and armaments factories. Today The Federal United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland looks to begin again its tradition of arming the civilised world in defence of democracy and humanity.
London maintains its right to veto potential contracts between British firms and foreign authorities.
Military aircraft available for export
Fixed Wing-
Hawker Siddeley GR9B Harrier
The Harrier “Jump Jet” is unquestionably one of the modern world’s most famous military aircraft, having served in a number of configurations for British, Spanish, Italian, and American forces, amongst others, and engaged in the Falklands and the first Gulf War. Hawker Siddeley manufactures the single-seat GR9B for the Royal Air Force, which employs the proven airframe in the support of ground forces and secondarily in an air-to-air role.
Technical Data
A new Rolls Royce engine that gives a performance close to Mach 1 (in level flight, with Mach 1.3 reachable in a dive) powers the GR9B. Ceiling is in the area of 15,000 metres (50,000 ft).
Armament consists of AIM-132 ASRAAM, free-fall and guided bombs, unguided rockets, Brimstone AGM, and 30mm Aden cannon pods.
Standard cost
The GR9B is expected to sell at £12 million per unit (in the region of US$22million), but as ever the size of a contract may have a bearing on the cost of a production run.
Image (http://www.ctie.monash.edu.au/hargrave/images/camm_harrier_gr7_500.jpg)
BAe Sea Harrier 3
A true multi-role aircraft, the Sea Harrier is of course related to the previously offered Harrier ground attack aircraft. Optimised for ship-borne operation, the Sea Harrier can operate from small carriers such as the Invincible Class, and can combat threats in the air, on land, or at sea. The Sea Harrier 3 is basically similar to the FA2 (fighter/attack), which is a development of the FRS1 (fighter/reconnaissance/strike) carrying more advanced avionics and the Blue Vixen radar.
Technical Data
Power is provided by a Rolls-Royce Pegasus vectored-thrust turbofan, which gives 9,752kg (21,500lb) of dry thrust and allows speeds of around 1,186kp/h (736mph/639kt). Ceiling is 15,600m (51,200ft), and maximum range about 1,480km (800nm). Armament is carried on four under-wing and three under-fuselage pylons, and may consist variously of 30mm Aden Cannon pods (usually two under-fuselage), free-fall and guided bombs, unguided rockets, Brimstone air-to-ground missiles, Sea Eagle anti-ship missiles, AIM-132 ASRAAM, and Mica AMRAAM. It is also possible that the aircraft may be configured to operate American AIM-9 Sidewinder and AMRAAM, Harpoon, or French Magic II AAMs.
Standard Cost
£12 million (US$22million)
Image (http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Images/Harrier12.jpg)
Panavia Tornado
Tornado is yet another highly distinctive combat aircraft produced in the UK and serving across the world. Britain, Germany, Italy, Saudia Arabia, and Oman are amongst this swing-wing aircraft’s user countries. It is produced (in Britain) by British Aerospace.
Existing in British production and service in two versions, Tornado is available both as ground-attack platform and interceptor.
GR4Z is the current ground attack version, F3Z the interceptor. The latest (Z) versions of Tornado, commissioned since PM Bull’s rise to power incorporate a number of minor improvements mainly facilitated by the UK’s new commitment to performance over cost-cutting, in contrast to the former –reversed- situation. Today the Z series Tornado are primarily single-role aircraft designed to serve with an air force that is prepared to spend what needs to be spent, rather than seeking to cut corners and make do, as this is no longer deemed possible in the vast Nation States world around us.
Tornado F3Z is able to receive data directly from AEW aircraft and even other fighters, giving it an exceptional view of a battle and actually enabling an individual aircraft to select and close on a target without targeting it directly. This averts the early warning that would be given by locking-on with the attacking fighter’s own radar, and as such leaves the enemy with poor warning and liable to be confused. Targeting by the attacking aircraft need only be done in the final moments before launching missiles
Technical Data
Powerplant is two Turbo-Union RB199s giving 2,336km/h (1,452mph/Mach 2.2) at 11,000m (36,000ft.) or 1,140km/h (710mph) at sea level.
Crew is two man; pilot and weapons-systems-operator.
Armament/other combat systems depends on type (GR4Z/F3Z)
The GR4Z ground attack aircraft carries- Emitter Location System, ALARM, AIM-132 ASRAAM, 27mm Mauser cannon, unguided rockets, laser-guided and free-fall bombs, Brimstone AGM, and Storm Shadow cruise missiles.
The F3Z interceptor carries- 27mm Mauser cannon, four under-wing AIM-132 ASRAAM, four under-fuselage Skyflash AAM or Mica AMRAAM.
Standard cost
£14million (around US$25+million)
Image (http://www.machloop.co.uk/ARWEL%20F3.JPG)
SEPECAT Jaguar GR3/T4
An Anglo-French project recently upgraded in British service. The Jaguar GR3 is now a potent fighter bomber, while the T4 is a two-seat trainer.
The upgrade included improved avionics including Global Positioning System (GPS) and Terrain-Referenced Navigation (TRN) , Night Vision Goggles (NVG) compatible lighting (both internally and externally), helmet-mounted sight and ASRAAM capability, and new Head-Up and Head-Down Displays in the cockpit. It can also carry extra sensor-pods for reconnaissance duties. The plane is capable of in-flight refuelling
Technical Data
Powerplant is two Turbomeca/Rolls-Royce Adour turbofans giving a top-speed of 1,700km/h (1,056mph). Ceiling is over 12,000m (40,000ft)
Armament consists of two 30mm Aden cannon and up to 4,500kg (10,000lb) of stores which may be free-fall or laser-guided bombs including 1,000 pound and cluster bombs, CRV-7 rocket pods, Brimstone AGM, and two AIM-132 ASRAAM for self-defence.
Standard cost
£12.5million (around US$23million)
Image (http://www.scramble.nl/mil/1/raf/gfx/photos/main-jaguar.jpg)
BAe Hawk LIFT
Lead-In Flight Trainer series
Another world-famous aircraft of British origin, the Hawk has for decades served countless nations in a number of roles. Flying in one variant for the US navy as the T-45 Goshawk, and in others for nations as diverse as Kenya, Switzerland, Malaysia, Finland, and Australia, the Hawk is a reliable and versatile aircraft ideal for training new pilots and still able to fight hard in its own right. The Hawk LIFT is designed to prepare an entirely new generation of pilots for service in aircraft such as the Eurofighter Typhoon or Saab Gripen.
This aircraft features greatly improved avionics and cockpit, and its HUD systems can be adapted for each customer, depending upon the systems likely to be encountered by pilots once they move on to flying combat aircraft in the buying nation.
BAe states that the new Hawk shall have up to four times the fatigue life of older variants, making it a good long-term investment and hard-wearing piece of technology. The aircraft boasts an airframe health and usage monitoring system to keep track of this.
Technical Data
Currently powered by a long-life Rolls-Royce Adour 900 engine, the Hawk is capable of 1,000km/h (620mph/540kt), and has a roughly 2,520km (1,565mile) range and 13,565m (44,500ft) ceiling. Armament, if desired, may consist of AIM-132 ASRAAM or AIM-9 Sidewinder, rocket-pods, bombs, and potentially other IR-guided AAMs that may be used by individual customers.
Standard Cost
While cost may vary where nations wish small runs with unusual cockpit arrangement or weapons configuration, the basic estimate is for about £9million (US$16.5million) per unit.
Image (http://www.futura-dtp.dk/Flysiden/images/HawkLIFT.jpg)
BAe Nimrod MRA4
Based on the groundbreaking Comet civilian airliner, the Nimrod is unique in being a jet powered long-range maritime patrol aircraft. It combines the usual long range expected of aircraft in this role with advantages in speed and ceiling, and while propeller-driven aircraft give-off a resonance that can be detected by submerged vessels, the Nimrod’s buried jet engines are virtually undetectable to the same targets. The MRA4 is significantly upgraded, with new electronics and a mid-air refuelling capacity.
Technical Data
Powerplant is four Rolls-Royce/BMW BR710 turbofan engines giving a top speed of 926km/h (575mph). Maximum endurance is around ten hours.
Crew is typically thirteen, though there is accommodation for up to twenty-five.
Armament and other equipment comes in the form of up to nine Stingray torpedoes, bombs, and Sea Eagle or Harpoon missiles stored internally, Sidewinder or ASRAAM missiles under wing for opportunity attacks against opposing surveillance aircraft, a range of air-deliverable dinghies, survival packs and other stores and up to 150 sonobuoys of various sorts.
Standard Cost
£50million (around US$90million) but subject to significant reduction should large orders be forthcoming.
Image (http://www.flowmaster.com/images/nimrod_mra4_1.gif)
BAe Nimrod R1
To create an electronic surveillance version of the venerable Nimrod, the original maritime equipment was removed from the airframe and replaced with a highly sophisticated and sensitive suite of systems used for reconnaissance and the gathering of electronic intelligence. The ability of the Nimrod to loiter for long periods, following a high-speed dash to the required area of operation, make the aircraft ideally suited to this task.
Technical data is similar to the maritime reconnaissance version, but this type does not generally carry armament. The aircraft appears externally very similar to that version.
Standard cost
£54million (around US$98million), partly due to the small number of conversions yet carried-out.
BAe Nimrod AEW.3
An airborne early warning system attempted some years ago, prior to the rise of the British Industrial Democratic Party, and abandoned in favour of US systems because it was deemed too big a job for Britain alone. A red rag to PM Bull! On his election, John Bull made the reactivation of this project a flagship in his fleet of industrial recoveries. Appearing fairly similar to other Nimrod variants, the AEW.3 has a bulbous nose, and a tail boom that houses radar equipment. Electronically, the AEW.3 is said to be similarly capable –and presumably marginally superior- to the E-3 Sentry that it replaces. The government is said to be very keen to promote this aircraft as an alternative to the pervasive American systems, with the PM saying, “well it’s got those swinging sixties lines, it’s just not so ugly as the competition!”
Standard cost
£132million (around US$243million)
Image (http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~8sqnwad/images/nim3.jpg)
English Electric Canberra
A ground breaking design actually born in the 1940s as a medium bomber. Another classic of British engineering and pioneering that has outlived generations of competitors, the Canberra is now employed by the RAF as a photo-reconnaissance and mapping jet, aerodynamic research vehicle, and electronic intelligence gathering platform. English and Electric and Short Brothers of Belfast can today produce the Canberra for those missions, for museum and private collections, and as a bomber for (responsible) cash-strapped forces.
Technical Data
Powerplant is in the form of two Rolls-Royce Avon turbojets giving a top-speed of 876km/h (547mph). Range is more than 5,800km (over 3,600miles) in ferry mode, and 1,295km (805miles) in combat. Usual service ceiling is about 14,630m (48,000ft), but variants have climbed far beyond that.
Crew is usually two persons.
Armament in the bomber role affords a payload slightly over 3,600kg (8,000lb) of internal and external bombs, and rocket packs. Usually electronic surveillance equipment or cameras would be fitted instead, along with countermeasures.
Standard Cost
£2million (around US$3.7million) in basic form, specific equipment significantly alters cost.
Image (http://www.raf.mod.uk/downloads/g_images/canberra01.jpg)
Vickers-Armstrong VC-10 C1K
Another elegant design, the VC-10 serves as a passenger, freight, and tanker aircraft in one. As a transport, the VC-10 has accommodation for 150 passengers and 9 crew. By use of a large freight door on the aircraft’s left side, it can accept NATO standard pallets, and vehicles, up to a total of 20,500kg (45,000lb). Up to 76 stretchers may be fitted for medical evacuation roles. As an aerial refuelling tanker, the VC-10 uses its own fuel stowage of 70,000kg (154,000lb) to serve up to two other aircraft. The VC-10 itself may refuel from another tanker aircraft.
Technical Data
Powerplant is four Rolls-Royce Conway 301 turbofans giving up to 830km/h (518mph) cruise speeds and 5,800km (3,600mile) range. Service ceiling is 11,580m (38,000ft).
Standard Cost
£24million (around US$44million)
Image (http://www.raf.mod.uk/downloads/g_images/vc1004.jpg)
Rotary Wing-
GKN Westland/Agusta Merlin HC3, HM Mk 1
Developed in a joint venture between Britain and Italy, the Merlin is one of the world’s most sophisticated anti-ship/submarine warfare helicopters, and does not let this diminish its capacity as a medium-lift transport helicopter. It can also be deployed in tracking and surveillance, search and rescue, and even airborne early warning roles, deployed either from ship or from shore.
In Royal Navy service the Merlin HM Mk1 has replaced the famous Sea King Mk6 in the anti-submarine warfare role, to which it is well suited. Sophisticated onboard sensors and computers allow the HM Mk1 to autonomously search for, locate, and attack enemy submarines, making it uniquely capable amongst ASW helicopters. Its Flash sonar can search to a depth of 2,000feet, and the helicopter can loiter for 90 minutes on ASW missions with a radius of 200 nautical miles. Using its over-the-horizon surface radar, Merlin can search a 200,000sq-km area in a single four-hour mission, and relay information back to allied command ships.
The HC3 is used by the Royal Air Force, where it is flown as a support helicopter bringing troops, weapons, and supplies to the field, and evacuating casualties.
Technical Data
Three Rolls-Royce TURBOMECA RTM 322 02/8 engines with individual fuel supplies and a hover in-flight refuelling capacity power Merlin. Top speed is 167knots, with a 150knot cruising speed. Crew is usually three, with pilot, observer, and aircrewman.
Armament in HM Mk1 ASW configuration may be four Stingray torpedoes, depth charges, or any of a range of air to surface weapons, including sea-skimming anti-ship missiles. There is also the capacity to fit guns by removing windows, or through the starboard cargo door or port crew door. In HC3 armament is usually two 7.62x51mm GPMG mounted through the port and starboard cabin windows.
The HC3 can carry 24 combat equipped troops, or the seats folded away can carry a small vehicle, and can take under-slung loads.
Laser and Radar warning receivers, as well as countermeasures are fitted.
Standard Cost
HC3 transport- £22million (around US$40.5million), HM Mk1 ASW- £24million (around US$44million)
Image (http://www.clash-of-steel.co.uk/gallery/pages/med/m_AREH101Merlin1.jpg)
GKN Westland/Augusta Super Lynx 300
Another world-beater, the Lynx was made famous by high performance in its original format. Now modernised as Super Lynx, several versions of the aircraft serve the Royal Navy and the British Army as well as foreign nations from South Korea to Germany, and serves in a variety of environments from ship and shore in Europe, Asia, and Africa.
Technical Data
The helicopter is built from composite materials and light alloys, and the cabin can transport up to nine troops while loads of 1,360kg may be under-slung.
Armament may be four Sea Skua anti-ship missiles, depth charges, or torpedoes, and machineguns may be mounted. A variety of other equipment may be carried, including sonar for detection or communication, reconnaissance cameras, and magnetic anomaly detectors. Power is provided by two Rolls Royce Gem 42-1 turboshaft engines which each provide 835kW. Range with standard tanks is 685km.
Standard Cost
£16million (around US$29million)
Image (http://www.aeronautics.ru/img003/lynx04.jpg)
Information on relevant munitions
P3I AIM-132 ASRAAAM. Advanced Short Range Air-to-Air Missile replaces AIM-9 Sidewinder in British service. Built by BAe, the weapon uses thrust-vectoring to increase agility. Its operational range is from 300m to more than 16km (over 10 miles) and speed in excess of Mach 3.5. A 10kg blast/fragmentation warhead is carried. Guidance is strapdown inertial and Imaging Infrared.
Skyflash
A medium range, supersonic, radar-guided air-to-air missile, Skyflash is essentially a British improved AIM-7 Sparrow missile. The weapon is optimised to confront high-countermeasure environments, but its semi-active guidance means that the launching aircraft must maintain a lock until impact. Speed is well in excess of Mach 2, and range is around 50km (over 30 miles).
Brimstone AGM is capable of defeating the latest explosive-reactive armour fitted to some modern tanks. It is a fire-and-forget weapon able to operate by day or night in adverse weather conditions. Derived from the American Hellfire, Brimstone is actually a system comprising three missiles and a launcher. Range is about 8km (5 miles). Alenia Marconi Systems are today the prime contractors in the production of Brimstone.
Storm Shadow
An air-launched cruise-missile designed to operate in most conditions to destroy command centres, bridges, airfield facilities, and other static high-value targets. Range is over 250km (160 miles) and cruise velocity is well over Mach 0.8.
ALARM
Air-Launched-Anti-Radiation-Missile. This is Britain’s answer to the American Harm. During the latest Balkan conflict more than 100 American HARM missiles were fired against a Serbian radar site. The position survived by deactivating its radar and thus fooling the weapons into missing every time. Eventually the Americans requested British help, and a single ALARM missile destroyed the target that hundreds of millions of dollars worth of American hardware had been wasted against to no result. It is as such clearly arguable that the ALARM is more than a hundred times more potent that HARM. ALARM is launched at low-level near a suspected enemy radar target, and then climbs to 12,000m where it is able to go inactive when a target is lost, deploying a small parachute and descending slowly. When -assuming the threat passed- the target goes on-line again, ALARM reactivates and achieves the kill in a supersonic dive. Range is over 90km (almost 60 miles).
Stingray
A homing torpedo amongst the fastest in its class, the Stingray is optimised for anti-submarine operation. The seeker head of the torpedo is able to home on to submarine targets either passively (by following the noise the submarine makes) or actively (by pinging with its own sonar, and following the sound energy reflected by the target).
Harpoon
A well-known American-origin anti-ship missile employed by the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force. It is widely suspected that Britain is pursuing a replacement, either domestically or potentially as part of a co-operative venture with Commonwealth partners.
Sea Eagle
This is a British anti-ship missile built by BAe. Capable of active radar homing and powered by a turbojet, the 4.15m long missile carries a roughly 230kg armour-piercing warhead to an impressive range of 130km. Coupled with its fire-and-forget, sea-skimming, Mach 1.1 flight, the weapon’s range makes it a formidable foe expecting little risk of its launch aircraft. This weapon may be fitted to Sea Harrier, Jaguar, Tornado, Buccaneer, Merlin, Sea King, and even some varieties of Hawk.
Ground Based Heavy Military Systems
MBDA JERNAS (Rapier Field Standard C) Air Defence Missile System
Once set to be called Mongoose, Rapier’s name was altered purportedly because nobody knew the plural form of Mongoose. Since that amusing conception, Rapier has gone on to serve around the world with British and foreign forces. An older version deployed in the Falkland Islands claimed multiple confirmed kills against aggressing Argentine aircraft, and ten years later work began on a new variant. Known in British service as Rapier FSC, this entered service in 1996 and is available for export as JERNAS.
JERNAS comprises Rapier MK2 missiles and launcher, Blindfire tracking and Dagger surveillance radar units.
The system can defend against low-level fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters, unmanned drones, cruise missiles, and even multiple stealthy targets.
Technical Data
JERNAS firing unit mounts eight launch-ready missiles, which can be manually reloaded within two minutes without the use of mechanical aids.
The system’s rotatable turret is able to provide 360-degree air defence coverage
Mobility: JERNAS can be towed behind medium-sized vehicles and is air-portable by transport planes or helicopter.
Missile: Missile weight is 43kg, and legth 2.24m. Guidance is automatic infrared and radar command to line of sight. Propulsion is a solid-fuel rocket from UK Rocket Motors. Warhead is high-explosive fragmentation with a laser-proximity fuse. Speed is around Mach 2.5 and manoeuvrability in excess of 30G. Single shot kill probability is reputed to be better than 90%
Engagement Range: Around 9km (5.6 miles)
Radar: Dagger has a detection range of 32km and an elevation of 5km and can detect seventy-five threats per second. Clutter rejection algorithms and electronic-countermeasure-resistance are displayed, and transmissions are automatically switched-off when the system detects an anti-radiation missile.
Blindfire’s output is powerful enough to cut-through most jamming signals and the system uses advanced frequency management to evade countermeasures.
A passive-infrared electro-optic tracking device can be used in scanning mode to provide passive target detection and acquisition in radar-silent operations
Reaction time is less than five seconds.
Standard Cost
£12million (around US$22million)
Image (http://www.army-technology.com/projects/jernas/images/jernas3.jpg)
Alvis Vickers Challenger 2E Main Battle Tank
One of the most heavily protected armoured vehicles on the planet, Challenger 2 (CR2) is the current front-line MBT serving the nation that invented the concept of the tank. The 2E is the latest development model built for export and suitable for harsh climactic conditions. Further to the MBT there exists a dedicated Driver Training Tank, which may also be here procured.
Technical Data
Crew is four persons, commander, driver, gunner, and loader.
A 1,500hp Europack with an MTU 883 diesel engine powers Challenger 2E, and as this is smaller and more powerful than the former powerplant is allows for greater fuel stowage and a range of 550km. Top speed is at or above 59km/h on the road despite a 62,500kg weight.
The tank’s dimensions are 8.3metres in length (11.5metres with gun forward), 3.5metres in width, and 2.5metres in height.
Primary armament is one 120mm rifled L30 gun from BAE Systems Royal Ordnance, built from electro-slag refined steel and fitted with a thermal sleeve and fume extractor. Elevation is from –10 to +20 degrees. Ammunition stowage is for fifty rounds including APFSDS, HESH, and smoke rounds, as well as depleted uranium rounds. The Canadian fire control system is essentially an improved version of that fitted in American Abrams tanks. Secondarily there is a coaxial 7.62mm chaingun and a cupola-mounted 7.62mm GPMG L37A2 for anti-aircraft defence.
Protection is by second generation Chobham armour, still a protected British secret, and the tank is fitted with an NBC protection system. As well as being able to fire smoke rounds from its main gun, Challenger 2 mounts ten L8 smoke grenade launchers and can –like many Soviet-bloc AVs- lay a smoke screen by injecting diesel fuel into the exhaust.
Standard Cost
£2.5million (around US$4.6million)
Image (http://www.army-technology.com/projects/challenger2/images/chal1.jpg)
Alvis Vickers Warrior Mechanised Combat Vehicle family
Essentially a fighting armoured personnel carrier built in the finest British tradition that makes it amongst the world’s best protected. Well known incidents of Warrior’s incredible survivability occurred in the war torn years before PM Bull’s rise to power. Dramatic BBC TV footage showed one vehicle rolling over a Serbian anti-tank mine, suffering little or no damage as a result where most ICVs would have been blown to smithereens, their crew likely to be killed. In another well reported incident in Iraq, before the newly elected BID Party withdrew British forces, a Warrior was hit by at least seven rocket propelled anti-tank grenades while on patrol and was able to return safely to base. In the same conflict, similar weapons knocked-out several American Abrams main battle tanks. Warrior is said to be one of the most reliable vehicles of its type.
Technical Data
Basic Warrior section vehicle in service with British forces is fitted with a two man turret mounting a deadly stabilised 40mm Case Telescoped Weapon System (CTWS), ammunition handling system, computerised fire control and day/thermal sighting system, a co-axial 7.62mm chain gun, and smoke grenade dischargers deploying Royal Ordnance Visual and Infra Red Screening Smoke (VIRSS). The new CTWS replaces a 30mm cannon which in itself was able to take-out most other IVs from a mile away. CTWS ammunition is wholly contained within the cartridge, which confers the advantages of high-density storage and, via the use of lightweight materials, a high mass efficiency. The shape of the ammunition also enables novel gun design approaches, which provide space and mass efficiencies. The gun system has been designed to vastly increase reliability by eliminating over 50% of a conventional gun's most unreliable parts. Warrior has received a wider-ranging mid-life improvement under the BID government, fitting it with a digital Fire Control System and Thales Optronics Battle Group Thermal Imaging programme and Bowman Communication System to allow improved performance and nigh-fighting abilities. Warrior Section Vehicle carries several hundred 40mm and 2,000x7.62mm rounds, and can also mount two TOW missile launchers on the turret sides, with four missiles carried internally. Armour proofs the vehicle and crew to 14.5mm armour piercing rounds, 155mm air burst shell fragments, and 9kg anti-tank mines. Appliqué armour can be fitted to further improve protection.
Combat weight is 25,700kg, length is 6.34 metres, width 3 metres, height 1.93 metres to hull roof and 2.79 metres to turret roof. Ground clearance is about 0.5 metres.
Powered by a 550hp Perkins Rolls-Royce Condor CV8 TCA V-8 diesel engine, Warrior can achieve speeds of 75kp/h forward and 48kp/h in reverse, and has a range of 660km. It can ford 1.3 metres and negotiate vertical obstacles of 0.75 metres and trenches of 2.5 metres.
The Section Vehicle carries a crew of three (commander, driver, gunner) plus seven troops with supplies and weapons for 48 hours of battle in NBC conditions.
Variants
Basic Section Vehicle has been described above.
Reconnaissance Vehicle carries extra armour across the front and over the suspension, and has the capacity to carry a fourth crew member (reconnaissance officer) and extra surveillance equipment.
Command Vehicle with extra communications equipment.
Repair and Recovery Vehicle
Combat Repair Vehicle
Mechanised Artillery Observation Vehicle
Battery Command Vehicle which serves the Royal Artillery.
Milan ATGW Carrier
Mortar Carrier produced for export and able to mount mortars in the order of 80mm.
Standard Cost
£2million (around US$3.7million) (OOC: Nb. I have given this as a basic unit cost because I do not want to try valuing each variant individually. This would be hard enough for a casual observer such as myself to do in the real world, let alone given the totally different production environment and scale of Bull’s government in the NS universe. I don’t think that many people work out their spending to the penny, anyway, so I personally am content to assume exact payment worked out behind the scenes by our governments and companies.)
Image (http://www.ifrance.com/ArmyReco/europe/Angleterre/vehicules_legers/MCV-80/Warrior_MCV-80_Infantery_Armoured_Fighting_Vehicle_Irqa_War_UK_British_06.jpg)
FV101 Alvis Scorpion and family
Withdrawn from British service some years ago, Alvis has been encouraged to re-start production of the famous Scorpion reconnaissance vehicle following interest from abroad. Scorpion spawned a large family of quick AVs serving a wide range of battlefield roles for an equally diverse range of nations.
Technical Data-
Scorpion is powered by a Perkins diesel engine giving a top speed of over 80kph and range of over 600km. Provided mainly with aluminium armour averaging around 25mm thick, Scorpion is a lightweight AV, weighing in at little more than 8,000kg.
Crewed by three men, the vehicle’s standard armament consists of a 76mm gun effective to around a thousand metres, and a coaxial 7.62mm machinegun. Four smoke grenade dischargers are also carried. Ammunition for the main gun includes HESH (High Explosive Squash Head), HE, and smoke, and some 40 rounds are carried.
Scorpion’s performance includes a 1 metre fording ability with amphibious potential after preparation. It is fitted with an NBC system and night vision equipment as standard.
With over 3,500 vehicles built for home and export, Scorpion has been provided over the years with a wide range of optional equipment. Such modifications may be made at the buyer’s request, and include replacement of the 76mm gun with a 90mm cannon, addition of an anti-aircraft machinegun, fitting of different fire-control systems, laser range-finder, and air conditioning.
Variants-
FV102 Striker is an ATGW carrier armed with five fire-ready British Aerospace Dynamics Swingfire missiles and five more carried internally. Swingfire is a wire-guided missile with a HEAT warhead and has a range of 4,000m. It can be fired during day and night conditions.
FV103 Spartan is a specialised APC meant to carry engineer assault or MANPAD teams and, carrying just four additional persons, is not meant as a standard personnel carrier. Usually armed with a 7.62mm machinegun, Spartan can mount a two-man turret carrying two Euromissile Milan ATGWs launch-ready, Hughes TOW ATGWs, or twin 20mm cannon. ZB 298 ground surveillance radar may be mounted on Spartan’s roof.
Stormer is a full-blown APC weighing 12,700kg and carrying eight troops. Armament varies greatly, including 7.62mm and 12.7mm machineguns, 20mm, 25mm or 30mm cannon, or 76mm or 90mm guns. Variants include 81mm and 120mm mortar carriers, Shorts Starstreak HVM air defence version with eight fire-ready missiles on an unmanned turret, minelayer, engineer and recovery vehicles and armoured ambulance. Optional equipment includes NBC systems, night vision equipment, land navigation systems, a floatation screen, and firing ports.
FV106 Samson armoured recovery vehicle is meant to recover other vehicles of the Scorpion family.
FV104 Samaritan armoured ambulance has a higher roof.
Standard Cost-
£900,000 (around US$1.66million)
Stormer variants especially tend to be more expensive, but exact cost depends on configuration.
Image (http://www.janes.com/defence/land_forces/supplement/lav/Scorpion.jpg)
BAE Systems Royal Ordnance AS90 Braveheart 155mm self propelled gun
The latest version of the standard British SPG, Braveheart enjoys increased performance thanks to a new, longer 52-calibre barrel. This now also fires new Velocity Enhanced Long-range Artillery Projectile (VLAP). In trials, two AS90 howitzers were able to deliver a total payload of 261kg onto a single target in less than 10 seconds.
Technical Data
An automated loading system enables the gun to fire with a burst rate of 3 rounds in under 10 seconds, an intense rate of 6 rounds per minute in three minutes and a sustained rate of 2 rounds per minute.
Firing range is in excess of 30km with standard ammunition and more than 40km with extended range ammunition.
Armour is of all welded steel and is rated to protect against armour piercing 14.5mm rounds and 152mm shell fragments.
Power plant is a 660hp Cummins V8 diesel engine giving 55kph top speed. Range is 350km.
Crew is five men, and secondary armament is usually one 7.62mm machinegun mounted for anti-air defence.
Standard Cost
£2.2million (around US$4million)
Image (http://www.army-technology.com/projects/as90/images/as90_8.jpg)
Land Rover family light vehicles
Over fifteen thousand various Land Rovers serve with the British Army, undertaking countless roles in all manner of environments and capacities. Owing to the number and variety of vehicles based around the basic chassis, several companies have been involved in making vehicles on this theme.
Known as the Truck Utility Light/Medium (TUL/TUM), the vehicles can be tailored to suit the needs of a force (or customer!). The vehicles carry troops and supplies or equipment, reconnaissance teams, support weapons, and even provide close fire support.
The following configurations are just some that may be acquired.
Wolf TUM(HS) is a high performance version that may be winterised and waterproofed, enabling the vehicle to wade up to windscreen depth and to pre-warm its engine to ensure operation in harsh conditions.
’Wimik’ kits enable stripped-down TULs to be fitted with a roll cage and weapons, usually a 12.7mm ( ‘fifty cal’ ) heavy machinegun and 7.62mm GPMG.
Glover Webb Armoured Patrol Vehicle or APV was developed in the 1980s to meet British requirements in Northern Ireland. It is basically a Land Rover chassis fitted with an armoured body, and can transport six troops in addition to two crewmembers. It is also used by police forces. Another version, the Hornet, is provided with a 7.62mm machinegun in a turret.
Shorland S 55 APC is quite similar to the APV and is in service with over twenty nations around the world. It is also available in a number of variants with firing ports, turrets, and so forth.
Hi-Cap 110 Desert Patrol Vehicles served in the Gulf War and kept going after American Humvees failed. As a result a special division of the American army eventually ordered them.
Land Rovers can be used (and built specifically) as field ambulances, scouts, patrol vehicles, personnel carriers, assault cars, and can mount just about any weapon available from machineguns to anti-tank guided weapons. Starstreak HVM LML (high-velocity missile, lightweight multiple launcher) surface to air missile system is mounted on some British Land Rovers.
The old war-horse is light and air transportable, reliable, and versatile enough that the customer can fashion their order almost to the limits of their imagination.
Ambulance Image (http://www.lrm.co.uk/archive/military/militarygraphics/ambulance02.jpg)
Armed 110 Image (http://oliv-landy.de/pics/army-uk-landy-xd-002.jpg)
Small Arms and Crew-Served Weapons et cetera
Royal Small Arms (Enfield) SA80A3 Individual Weapon L85
The standard service rifle carried by British forces where ever they be met, the L85IW is so accurate that Army marsksmanship tests had to be redesigned when it entered service, because recruits using the new weapon found it too easy. Following its latest mid-life update, the world's most accurate assault rifle also became one of its most reliable. PM Bull's BID government was quick to re-nationalise much British industry, and a major part of Bull's work brought production of the SA80 back to Enfield and away from the troubled Nottingham lines. Thus was born the re-machined A3, made more or less as the weapon should originally have been.
There is a new Under slung Grenade Launcher (UGL) which takes-over the role of both rifle grenades and light (51mm) mortars, firing 40mm High Explosive, smoke, and illuminating rounds out to 350 metres.
Technical Data
L85IW weighs 4.98kg with loaded magazine and optical sight, and is 785mm long with a 518mm barrel. Calibre is 5.56mm (.223in) NATO, giving a muzzle velocity of 940 metres per second. Feed is from a 30 round magazine, and cyclic rate of fire is said to be 610-775 rounds per minute. Effective range is at least 400 metres.
Standard Cost
£900 (around US$1,660) including basic spares, sling, optical sights, bayonet, but not UGL, which is to be sold at £100 (around US$185).
Image (http://www.army.mod.uk/img/equipment/pw/sa80a2.1.jpg)
Royal Small Arms (Enfield) SA80A3 L86 Light Support Weapon
Big brother to the L85 Individual Weapon, the L86 arms one soldier in each of two four-man fire-teams that constitute British infantry sections.
Technical Data
Chambered for the same 5.56mm ammunition as the L85IW, the L86LSW is 900mm long with at 646mm barrel, and weighs 6.58kg with loaded 30 round magazine and mounted optical sights. Cyclic rate of fire is similar to that of the L85 at 610-775 rounds per minute, but effective range is a formidable 1,000m.
Standard Cost
The Enfield SA80A3 L86LSW is to be exported for £1,000 (around US$1,850) with optical sights and initial spares.
Image (http://www1.linkclub.or.jp/~geta/image/guns/lsw003.jpeg)
This facility shall be expanded as Downing Street, Parliament, and the MoD agree that British defence needs are increasingly satisfied.