NationStates Jolt Archive


John Maynard Keynes

Leonstein
08-10-2005, 08:46
Almost everyone has heard of the guy at some point.

He was born in 1883, studied maths at first, and then switched to Economics.
He also lived the first part of his life as a homosexual, then switching back ( :confused: ) and marrying a Russian Ballerina.

He was a genius by anyone's standards, developing theory in probability mathematics, and then completely reshaping the way we think about macroeconomics.
While economists before him kind of assumed aggregate demand (ie what everyone in the country wants buy) was a variable that we just have to accept, he thought we could move AD around.
It's a long and at times complicated story, if you really want to know more, see wiki (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keynesian).

Inflation was not a big part in his story, and 70 years have passed, it is fairly obvious that a thing like stagflation would've happened that he hadn't planned for in his theory. Big Deal - if he had seen it, he'd acknowledged it and added it to his model. Don't quote stagflation as the reason Keynes was always wrong about everything. Many people do.

But (and that is a big "but") that was not all he wrote about. He had a much bigger picture view of society.
To him, uncertainty is the central part of life. We don't know what will happen, we can only make guesses. And when humans make guesses all kinds of other things come into the equation.
Freudian Economics anyone? He states that there are certain animal instincts which drive us to make decisions, that instead of looking at the raw data like rational people, the big manager "takes the helm, and directs the firm in a heroic fashion". It's testosterone, not rationality.
In other words: People are anally retentive (think about it - why do we say "sitting on a pile of money"? ;) ). They don't like to give money away, even for a return. Interest rates paid on savings strengthen that further.

He also makes the big distinction between "the state" and "government". For him, some private institutions are part of the state, like the Times Newspaper and such things.
He advocates a big state, but not a big Government necessarily.

Most importantly: Money isn't everything in life. He was an advocate of culture and arts, and he was appalled with this obsession with money evident in the time he was writing (ie the 1920s and 30s) - which he also believed to be a psychological problem.

So what do you think of the man and his ideas?
And importantly: Do you think it is a problem that generations of Economics textbooks have completely ignored most of his vision, instead focussing on the maths that was integrated into orthodox economics?
Nikitas
08-10-2005, 09:27
I'm a fan of Keynes' economic vision, especially his critique of the rational actor model.

I do find it strange though that some textbooks do not give more credit to Keynesian economists as a number of their theoretical constructs have been adopted (though somewhat changed) by the prevelant neo-classical school.
Spartiala
08-10-2005, 09:33
He also makes the big distinction between "the state" and "government". For him, some private institutions are part of the state, like the Times Newspaper and such things.
He advocates a big state, but not a big Government necessarily.

That sounds interesting. Why did he classify the Times as a part of the state? And what other non-government institutions did he classify that way?
A Flintoff
08-10-2005, 09:35
Isn't he the fellow who said "In the long run we are all dead" ? And didn't he also come up with the justification for progressive income tax?
Nikitas
08-10-2005, 09:37
Isn't he the fellow who said "In the long run we are all dead" ? And didn't he also come up with the justification for progressive income tax?

1) He did indeed.

2) I don't remember...
Xirnium
08-10-2005, 10:56
And he also developed the Keynsian cross, that favourite tool of macroeconomists.
Latoo
08-10-2005, 11:15
I think he was smart my economics teacher was a follower so he passed a little of it of on us
Leonstein
08-10-2005, 11:30
That sounds interesting. Why did he classify the Times as a part of the state? And what other non-government institutions did he classify that way?
Well, as I said he was a big fan of "culture", of arts, science and other nice things to do.
Everything that allowed for these things to flourish he reckons to be part of the overarching framework that can make society a nicer place - so art galleries, concert halls, theatres and those things might also qualify.