Mirfak
21-12-2004, 14:02
Mirfakan factbook:
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Background:
First colonized as a desert exile planet, Xanthalian terraforming made Mirfak III more habitable in the early twenty-fifth century, and it rapidly developed into an established outworld. After Xanthal’s disappearance in 2603 the planet began two centuries of feudalism, with many independent territories vying for land and power with what little infrastructure could develop before being torn down by one of the five world wars in this period. By the time the planet was finally reunified in 2807, its population had dropped to a fraction of its original size and almost all trace of Xanthal and its past had vanished.
Location and layout:
The Mirfak System lies twenty-two light-years from Sol. Mirfak's borders do not directly contact those of any other nation, but its territory is near many established galactic sectors. There are three main continents: Bulshin, Nibel, and Onnin. Its capital is Jin Rin City, in Jin Rin province, on the Nibel continent of Mirfak III.
Systems and planets:
The Mirfak system: Mirfak claims the entire system, which forms the core of its operations and houses its capital.
-Mirfak I (uninhabitable, molten).
-Mirfak II (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
-Mirfak III (inhabited, capital planet, subtropical temperate climates).
-Mirfak IV (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
IGC107-ISC2: Mirfak claims the entire system. Private companies mine resources here, and transport them back to the Mirfak System.
-I (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
-II (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
IGC278-ISC18: Mirfak claims the entire system. Private companies mine resources here, and transport them back to the Mirfak System.
-I (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
-II (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
-III (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
IGC278-ISC21: Mirfak claims the entire system. Private companies mine resources here, and transport them back to the Mirfak System.
-I (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
IGC2184-ISC24: Mirfak claims the entire system. Private companies mine resources here, and transport them back to the Mirfak System.
-I (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
-II (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
-III (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
-IV (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
-V (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
Government:
Mirfak is a republic, with a traditional three-branch government. The executive power is vested in an Alphin, the legislative power in the Council, and the judicial power in the Daiho. The major political parties, listed in order of seats held in the Council, are listed below. The Council seats not accounted for are filled by independent representatives or minor parties holding only one seat.
-The Xanthalian Socialist Party of Mirfak (149)
-The Private Interest Party of Mirfak (147)
-The Party Internationale (98)
-The Democratic Capitalist Party of Mirfak (63)
-The Comprehensive Domestic Defense Party of Mirfak (10)
-The Mirfakan Nationalist Collectivization Party (2)
Constitution:
We the people of Mirfak, in order to establish social justice, ensure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, and secure liberty for ourselves and those who follow us, do ordain and establish this Constitution for Mirfak.
Article I.
Section 1.
All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a representative Council of Mirfak.
Section 2.
Clause 1: The Council shall be composed of five hundred Councilors chosen by direct election every fifth year by the citizens of Mirfak residing in their provincial district.
Clause 2: No person shall be a Councilor who shall not have attained the age of twenty-five years, and been ten years a citizen of Mirfak, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of the provincial district in which chosen.
Clause 3: Five hundred Councilors shall be apportioned among the provinces according to their respective citizen populations. The actual enumeration shall be made within every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. Every province is entitled to at least one seat in the Council. Provinces having more than one seat apportioned to them will define provincial districts in which each Councilor shall be elected, with citizen populations as equal as may be. Each Councilor shall have one vote in the Council.
Clause 4: When vacancies happen in the Council from any province, the executive authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fill such vacancies until the next election.
Clause 5: The Council shall choose their own officers, including the Speaker, who shall preside over Council proceedings.
Clause 6: Councilors shall be divided as equally as may be into five classes, each of which shall be elected on a different year.
Section 3.
Clause 1: All citizens of Mirfak shall vote for their provincial district’s Councilor, the method which shall be prescribed by law.
Clause 2: The Council shall be in session for no less than two thirds of each year, the exact dates which shall be prescribed by law.
Section 4.
Clause 1: The Council shall be the judge of the elections, returns and qualifications of its own members. Three quarters of Council members shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members.
Clause 2: The Council may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of three quarters, expel a member.
Clause 3: The Council shall keep an official record of its proceedings, and publish the same on a yearly basis, excepting such parts as two thirds may judge require secrecy. The votes of Councilors will be included in this record.
Section 5.
Clause 1: Councilors shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by Law and paid out of the Treasury of Mirfak. No law varying the compensation for the services of the Councilors shall take effect until a full election cycle shall have intervened.
Clause 2: No Councilor shall accept any compensation outside of that which is allotted equally to all Councilors by law.
Clause 3: Councilors shall in all cases, except offenses of the first, second, or third class, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of the Council, and in going to and returning from the same. For any speech or debate in the Council session, they shall not be publicly charged.
Section 6.
No bill shall be passed in the Council if two thirds in its favor cannot be obtained in voting except for bills with the sole effect of repealing a past decision, which may pass with a majority vote.
Section 7.
Clause 1: The Council shall have the sole power to impose and collect any taxes deemed necessary to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of Mirfak;
Clause 2: To regulate commerce conducted within Mirfak or involving a party native to Mirfak;
Clause 3: To regulate citizenship;
Clause 4: To coin money and regulate the value of domestic and foreign currency, and fix the standard of weights and measures;
Clause 5: To determine actions that may be taken on those convicted by the judicial power;
Clause 6: To establish public organizations for the promotion of the general welfare;
Clause 7: To secure for limited times to developers the exclusive right to their respective works and discoveries;
Clause 8: To authorize offensive military action, and make any rules of warfare it deems necessary;
Clause 9: To raise, support, and call forth militaries;
Clause 10: To make rules for the government and regulation of military forces;
Clause 11: To exercise legislation over areas controlled by Mirfak or its citizens within and without the territorial boundaries of Mirfak;
Clause 12: To confirm all appointments and overturn all commissions made by the Alphin;
Clause 13: To initiate impeachment of government officials; and
Clause 14: To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of Mirfak, or in any department or officer thereof.
Section 8.
Clause 1: No legislation providing for judgement without trial or retroactive enforcement of laws shall be passed.
Clause 2: No law giving unfair preference between citizens shall be passed.
Clause 3: No money shall be drawn from the treasury but in consequence of appropriations made by law; and an annual statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published.
Article II.
Section 1.
Clause 1: The executive power shall be vested in an Alphin of Mirfak, who shall be elected every five years by popular vote of the citizens of Mirfak at large.
Clause 2: The Council may determine the time and day on which the vote for Alphin is held, which shall be the same throughout Mirfak.
Clause 3: No person shall be Alphin who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty years, and been fifteen years a citizen of Mirfak.
Clause 4: In cases where the office of Alphin is vacated through conviction of impeachment charges, death, resignation, or Council-determined inability to discharge official powers, the Speaker of the Council shall assume the executive power until a new Alphin shall be elected. Upon taking the office of Alphin, the Speaker shall immediately resign from office in the Council.
Clause 5: The Alphin shall receive an annual compensation, and no law varying the compensation for the services of the Alphin shall take effect until a full election cycle shall have intervened. The Alphin shall not accept any compensation outside of that which is allotted by law.
Clause 6: Before entering office, the Alphin shall take the following oath: "I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the office of Alphin of Mirfak, and will to the best of my ability preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution and people of Mirfak."
Section 2.
Clause 1: The Alphin shall be Grahalel of Mirfak’s military forces.
Clause 2: The Alphin shall have power to make treaties and appoint ambassadors, public ministers, judges of the Daiho, and all other officers of Mirfak whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for; but the Council may by law vest the appointment of such inferior officers as they think proper in the Alphin alone, in courts of law, or in heads of departments.
Clause 3: The Alphin shall have power to fill up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Council by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next session.
Section 3.
The Alphin shall annually give to the Council information on the state of the nation, and recommend to its members such measures judged necessary and expedient. The Alphin may, on extraordinary occasions, convene the Council, but cannot adjourn it. The Alphin shall also receive ambassadors and other foreign officials, and shall commission such officers on behalf of Mirfak.
Section 4.
The Alphin, and all civil officers of Mirfak, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and conviction of, offenses of the first, second, or third class.
Article III.
Section 1.
The judicial power of Mirfak shall be vested in one Daiho, which shall have nine members, and in such inferior courts as it may ordain and establish. Judges, both of the Daiho and inferior courts, shall hold their offices for life except in instances of resignation, conviction of impeachment charges, or inability to discharge official powers, and shall receive an annual compensation for their services, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office.
Section 2.
Clause 1: The judicial power shall extend to all legal issues arising under this Constitution, the laws of Mirfak and its entities, and treaties to which Mirfak is party occurring within the physical territory of Mirfak or involving a citizen or official representative of or to Mirfak.
Clause 2: In all cases affecting foreign representatives, and those in which a province shall be party, the Daiho shall have original jurisdiction; in all other cases the Daiho shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact. The Daiho is responsible for the faithful execution of the laws of Mirfak.
Clause 3: The trial of all crimes shall be decided by a panel of three or more judges for all but offenses of the lowest class as the Council may determine. Such trials shall be held by a court local to the legal level on which charges are brought wherein the supposed crimes shall have been committed; with jurisdiction falling to the highest court able to bring charges or elsewhere as the Daiho may by law direct.
Clause 4: The Daiho shall have the power to nullify any law or policy of Mirfak that it judges to be in explicit violation of this Constitution provided that three quarters of its members concur.
Clause 5: The Daiho shall have the sole power to try all impeachments, and shall not convict without the concurrence of two thirds of its members.
Clause 6: Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from office and disqualification to hold public office of Mirfak, but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment, and punishment according to law.
Clause 7: The courts of Mirfak shall have the power to order any evidence or testimony material to a case on trial delivered up in confidence to the trial court, regardless of circumstance.
Section 3.
Clause 1: Treason against Mirfak shall consist only of a citizen or declared ally of Mirfak levying war against the nation or giving illegal aid to its declared enemies. No citizen shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or on confession in open court.
Clause 2: The Council shall have power to declare the actions that may be taken on those convicted of treason. Passive offenses cannot constitute treason.
Article IV.
Section 1.
Full faith and credit shall be given in each province to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other province. The Council may by general laws prescribe the manner in which such acts, records and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof.
Section 2.
Clause 1: The citizens of all provinces shall be entitled to equal treatment and protection under the law.
Clause 2: A party fleeing from judicial authority in one court’s jurisdiction, if found in another’s, shall on demand of the judicial authority of the jurisdiction fled be delivered to that jurisdiction to stand trial.
Section 3.
Clause 1: New provinces may be admitted by two thirds of the Council into the nation of Mirfak; but no new province shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other province; nor any province be formed by the junction of two or more provinces, or parts of provinces, without the consent of the legislatures of the provinces concerned as well as of the Council.
Clause 2: The Council shall have power to make and dispose of all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to Mirfak; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of Mirfak, or of any particular province.
Section 4.
Mirfak shall guarantee to every province a three-branch republican form of government on the model of this Constitution, and shall protect each of them against invasion and domestic violence. All provincial constitutions are subordinate to this constitution, and all laws of incorporated entities are subordinate to the laws of the entity in which they are incorporated.
Article V.
Section 1.
This Constitution, and the laws of Mirfak which shall be made in pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of Mirfak, shall be the supreme law of the land; and all judges shall be bound thereby, any thing in the constitution or laws of any other Mirfakan entity to the contrary notwithstanding.
Section 2.
All public officers, both of Mirfak and of the provinces, shall be bound by oath to support this Constitution; but no preferential test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office in Mirfak.
Section 3.
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for any reason.
Section 4.
The right of the people to be secure in their persons and property, both tangible and intangible, from unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated, and warrants shall only be issued on probable cause that particularly describe the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized.
Section 5.
No person shall be tried more than once for the same offense; nor have judgment or sentence passed on them without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use without just compensation.
Section 6.
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial by impartial judges, to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation, to be confronted with the prosecution's witnesses and evidence, to have compulsory process for obtaining defense witnesses and evidence, and to have the assistance of qualified legal counsel.
Section 7.
The right of anyone forcibly held within Mirfak or by a party of Mirfak to a judicial review of their sentence shall not be suspended.
Section 8.
All suits held before the courts of Mirfak and the provinces shall be subject to the same rules and regulations, and no bias shall be accepted on the part of ruling judges.
Section 9.
In all cases the actions taken on a criminal must fit the crime committed as well as possible, and all such judgments given equally. Torture, both physical and psychological, shall be in all cases forbidden.
Section 10.
The enumeration in this Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage unmentioned rights retained by the people.
Section 11.
The powers not delegated to Mirfak or prohibited to it or its parties in this Constitution are reserved to the provinces respectively, or to the people.
Section 12.
No involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been convicted in a court of law, shall exist within Mirfak or any place subject to its jurisdiction.
Section 13.
All persons born or naturalized in Mirfak and subject to the jurisdiction thereof are citizens of Mirfak and of whatever province wherein they may reside.
Section 14.
The right to vote free of discrimination and charge shall not be denied to citizens who have attained the age of majority specified by law for their species.
Section 15.
The migration of persons into, out of, or within Mirfak shall not be prohibited.
Article VI.
The Council, whenever two thirds shall deem it necessary, may propose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the application of the legislatures of two thirds of the provinces, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of this constitution when ratified by the legislatures of two thirds of the provinces and three fourths of the Council; provided that no party shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Council.
Amendment 1.
Section 1.
In all public elections, voting shall be carried out by providing a ballot listing five candidate choices, ordered by voter preference, for each position to be filled. In the counting process the first-choice votes for each candidate shall be totaled. If no candidate has a majority of the vote, the candidate with the least votes shall be eliminated, and ballots cast for that candidate counted towards the next non-eliminated choice. This process shall be repeated until the vote is divided between two candidates.
Section 2.
If no popular majority is reached through the process in Section 1, a new vote shall be held as soon as possible with only the top two candidates from the final count listed as choices for the vote, and whosoever of the two receives the majority of votes shall be the election's winner.
Section 3.
In the extraordinary event that no majority is reached in the process designated in sections 1 and 2, the official legislative body having most immediate relation to the disputed position shall select the winner.
Section 4.
Voters shall in all elections be provided with a complete list of all candidates and their political affiliations to aid in the voting process, but no candidates or parties may be represented on the ballot itself.
Law and order:
Order in Mirfakan territory is maintained by the Kusakal Gimesi Bule (National Security Agency), which controls the nation’s police and intelligence forces. The KGB is very well funded, and its agents operate both in uniform and plainclothes across Mirfak. They are employed by the Daiho and funded by the Council. The nation’s courts focus on rehabilitating criminals, but those that cannot be rehabilitated are usually executed. Mirfakan law supports diplomatic immunity for minor crimes.
People:
Species:
-39% Human
-25% Xanthalian
-10% Than
-26% Other
Religion:
-36% Religious
-34% Areligious
-30% Antireligious
Literacy and language:
88% literacy rate.
Official language: Mirfakan.
Other common languages: English.
Oral Mirfakan has roots primarily in Abh, English, Japanese, Spanish, and Xanthalian. Simplistic, repetitive, and relatively easy to learn, citizens of Mirfak are required to be able to read, speak, and write it proficiently to be considered literate.
Written Mirfakan is almost as minimalist and simplistic as its spoken form. Making use of a phoneticized Roman alphabet to form words, the grammatical structure is a fragmentary form of Galactic Standard. Though a great deal of Mirfakan is implied rather than stated, its stripped-down design and suffix modifiers make it easy to learn.
Resources and economy:
Current economic status, exchange rate and budget details (http://nseconomy.thirdgeek.com/nseconomy.php?nation=mirfak)
The primary resource of Mirfak is raw materials, mostly metal ores and gases. Mirfak III supports large domestic and international commercial, industrial, and agricultural markets.
Mirfak’s economy is a socialist one, with essential operations owned and operated by the government and heavy regulations and taxes on private enterprise.
Binding international agreements:
Temporal Accord
Treaty of Jin Rin
http://www.nationstates.net/images/flags/antigua.jpg
Background:
First colonized as a desert exile planet, Xanthalian terraforming made Mirfak III more habitable in the early twenty-fifth century, and it rapidly developed into an established outworld. After Xanthal’s disappearance in 2603 the planet began two centuries of feudalism, with many independent territories vying for land and power with what little infrastructure could develop before being torn down by one of the five world wars in this period. By the time the planet was finally reunified in 2807, its population had dropped to a fraction of its original size and almost all trace of Xanthal and its past had vanished.
Location and layout:
The Mirfak System lies twenty-two light-years from Sol. Mirfak's borders do not directly contact those of any other nation, but its territory is near many established galactic sectors. There are three main continents: Bulshin, Nibel, and Onnin. Its capital is Jin Rin City, in Jin Rin province, on the Nibel continent of Mirfak III.
Systems and planets:
The Mirfak system: Mirfak claims the entire system, which forms the core of its operations and houses its capital.
-Mirfak I (uninhabitable, molten).
-Mirfak II (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
-Mirfak III (inhabited, capital planet, subtropical temperate climates).
-Mirfak IV (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
IGC107-ISC2: Mirfak claims the entire system. Private companies mine resources here, and transport them back to the Mirfak System.
-I (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
-II (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
IGC278-ISC18: Mirfak claims the entire system. Private companies mine resources here, and transport them back to the Mirfak System.
-I (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
-II (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
-III (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
IGC278-ISC21: Mirfak claims the entire system. Private companies mine resources here, and transport them back to the Mirfak System.
-I (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
IGC2184-ISC24: Mirfak claims the entire system. Private companies mine resources here, and transport them back to the Mirfak System.
-I (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
-II (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
-III (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
-IV (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
-V (uninhabitable, various rock and metal types).
Government:
Mirfak is a republic, with a traditional three-branch government. The executive power is vested in an Alphin, the legislative power in the Council, and the judicial power in the Daiho. The major political parties, listed in order of seats held in the Council, are listed below. The Council seats not accounted for are filled by independent representatives or minor parties holding only one seat.
-The Xanthalian Socialist Party of Mirfak (149)
-The Private Interest Party of Mirfak (147)
-The Party Internationale (98)
-The Democratic Capitalist Party of Mirfak (63)
-The Comprehensive Domestic Defense Party of Mirfak (10)
-The Mirfakan Nationalist Collectivization Party (2)
Constitution:
We the people of Mirfak, in order to establish social justice, ensure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, and secure liberty for ourselves and those who follow us, do ordain and establish this Constitution for Mirfak.
Article I.
Section 1.
All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a representative Council of Mirfak.
Section 2.
Clause 1: The Council shall be composed of five hundred Councilors chosen by direct election every fifth year by the citizens of Mirfak residing in their provincial district.
Clause 2: No person shall be a Councilor who shall not have attained the age of twenty-five years, and been ten years a citizen of Mirfak, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of the provincial district in which chosen.
Clause 3: Five hundred Councilors shall be apportioned among the provinces according to their respective citizen populations. The actual enumeration shall be made within every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. Every province is entitled to at least one seat in the Council. Provinces having more than one seat apportioned to them will define provincial districts in which each Councilor shall be elected, with citizen populations as equal as may be. Each Councilor shall have one vote in the Council.
Clause 4: When vacancies happen in the Council from any province, the executive authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fill such vacancies until the next election.
Clause 5: The Council shall choose their own officers, including the Speaker, who shall preside over Council proceedings.
Clause 6: Councilors shall be divided as equally as may be into five classes, each of which shall be elected on a different year.
Section 3.
Clause 1: All citizens of Mirfak shall vote for their provincial district’s Councilor, the method which shall be prescribed by law.
Clause 2: The Council shall be in session for no less than two thirds of each year, the exact dates which shall be prescribed by law.
Section 4.
Clause 1: The Council shall be the judge of the elections, returns and qualifications of its own members. Three quarters of Council members shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members.
Clause 2: The Council may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of three quarters, expel a member.
Clause 3: The Council shall keep an official record of its proceedings, and publish the same on a yearly basis, excepting such parts as two thirds may judge require secrecy. The votes of Councilors will be included in this record.
Section 5.
Clause 1: Councilors shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by Law and paid out of the Treasury of Mirfak. No law varying the compensation for the services of the Councilors shall take effect until a full election cycle shall have intervened.
Clause 2: No Councilor shall accept any compensation outside of that which is allotted equally to all Councilors by law.
Clause 3: Councilors shall in all cases, except offenses of the first, second, or third class, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of the Council, and in going to and returning from the same. For any speech or debate in the Council session, they shall not be publicly charged.
Section 6.
No bill shall be passed in the Council if two thirds in its favor cannot be obtained in voting except for bills with the sole effect of repealing a past decision, which may pass with a majority vote.
Section 7.
Clause 1: The Council shall have the sole power to impose and collect any taxes deemed necessary to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of Mirfak;
Clause 2: To regulate commerce conducted within Mirfak or involving a party native to Mirfak;
Clause 3: To regulate citizenship;
Clause 4: To coin money and regulate the value of domestic and foreign currency, and fix the standard of weights and measures;
Clause 5: To determine actions that may be taken on those convicted by the judicial power;
Clause 6: To establish public organizations for the promotion of the general welfare;
Clause 7: To secure for limited times to developers the exclusive right to their respective works and discoveries;
Clause 8: To authorize offensive military action, and make any rules of warfare it deems necessary;
Clause 9: To raise, support, and call forth militaries;
Clause 10: To make rules for the government and regulation of military forces;
Clause 11: To exercise legislation over areas controlled by Mirfak or its citizens within and without the territorial boundaries of Mirfak;
Clause 12: To confirm all appointments and overturn all commissions made by the Alphin;
Clause 13: To initiate impeachment of government officials; and
Clause 14: To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of Mirfak, or in any department or officer thereof.
Section 8.
Clause 1: No legislation providing for judgement without trial or retroactive enforcement of laws shall be passed.
Clause 2: No law giving unfair preference between citizens shall be passed.
Clause 3: No money shall be drawn from the treasury but in consequence of appropriations made by law; and an annual statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published.
Article II.
Section 1.
Clause 1: The executive power shall be vested in an Alphin of Mirfak, who shall be elected every five years by popular vote of the citizens of Mirfak at large.
Clause 2: The Council may determine the time and day on which the vote for Alphin is held, which shall be the same throughout Mirfak.
Clause 3: No person shall be Alphin who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty years, and been fifteen years a citizen of Mirfak.
Clause 4: In cases where the office of Alphin is vacated through conviction of impeachment charges, death, resignation, or Council-determined inability to discharge official powers, the Speaker of the Council shall assume the executive power until a new Alphin shall be elected. Upon taking the office of Alphin, the Speaker shall immediately resign from office in the Council.
Clause 5: The Alphin shall receive an annual compensation, and no law varying the compensation for the services of the Alphin shall take effect until a full election cycle shall have intervened. The Alphin shall not accept any compensation outside of that which is allotted by law.
Clause 6: Before entering office, the Alphin shall take the following oath: "I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the office of Alphin of Mirfak, and will to the best of my ability preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution and people of Mirfak."
Section 2.
Clause 1: The Alphin shall be Grahalel of Mirfak’s military forces.
Clause 2: The Alphin shall have power to make treaties and appoint ambassadors, public ministers, judges of the Daiho, and all other officers of Mirfak whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for; but the Council may by law vest the appointment of such inferior officers as they think proper in the Alphin alone, in courts of law, or in heads of departments.
Clause 3: The Alphin shall have power to fill up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Council by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next session.
Section 3.
The Alphin shall annually give to the Council information on the state of the nation, and recommend to its members such measures judged necessary and expedient. The Alphin may, on extraordinary occasions, convene the Council, but cannot adjourn it. The Alphin shall also receive ambassadors and other foreign officials, and shall commission such officers on behalf of Mirfak.
Section 4.
The Alphin, and all civil officers of Mirfak, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and conviction of, offenses of the first, second, or third class.
Article III.
Section 1.
The judicial power of Mirfak shall be vested in one Daiho, which shall have nine members, and in such inferior courts as it may ordain and establish. Judges, both of the Daiho and inferior courts, shall hold their offices for life except in instances of resignation, conviction of impeachment charges, or inability to discharge official powers, and shall receive an annual compensation for their services, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office.
Section 2.
Clause 1: The judicial power shall extend to all legal issues arising under this Constitution, the laws of Mirfak and its entities, and treaties to which Mirfak is party occurring within the physical territory of Mirfak or involving a citizen or official representative of or to Mirfak.
Clause 2: In all cases affecting foreign representatives, and those in which a province shall be party, the Daiho shall have original jurisdiction; in all other cases the Daiho shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact. The Daiho is responsible for the faithful execution of the laws of Mirfak.
Clause 3: The trial of all crimes shall be decided by a panel of three or more judges for all but offenses of the lowest class as the Council may determine. Such trials shall be held by a court local to the legal level on which charges are brought wherein the supposed crimes shall have been committed; with jurisdiction falling to the highest court able to bring charges or elsewhere as the Daiho may by law direct.
Clause 4: The Daiho shall have the power to nullify any law or policy of Mirfak that it judges to be in explicit violation of this Constitution provided that three quarters of its members concur.
Clause 5: The Daiho shall have the sole power to try all impeachments, and shall not convict without the concurrence of two thirds of its members.
Clause 6: Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from office and disqualification to hold public office of Mirfak, but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment, and punishment according to law.
Clause 7: The courts of Mirfak shall have the power to order any evidence or testimony material to a case on trial delivered up in confidence to the trial court, regardless of circumstance.
Section 3.
Clause 1: Treason against Mirfak shall consist only of a citizen or declared ally of Mirfak levying war against the nation or giving illegal aid to its declared enemies. No citizen shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or on confession in open court.
Clause 2: The Council shall have power to declare the actions that may be taken on those convicted of treason. Passive offenses cannot constitute treason.
Article IV.
Section 1.
Full faith and credit shall be given in each province to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other province. The Council may by general laws prescribe the manner in which such acts, records and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof.
Section 2.
Clause 1: The citizens of all provinces shall be entitled to equal treatment and protection under the law.
Clause 2: A party fleeing from judicial authority in one court’s jurisdiction, if found in another’s, shall on demand of the judicial authority of the jurisdiction fled be delivered to that jurisdiction to stand trial.
Section 3.
Clause 1: New provinces may be admitted by two thirds of the Council into the nation of Mirfak; but no new province shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other province; nor any province be formed by the junction of two or more provinces, or parts of provinces, without the consent of the legislatures of the provinces concerned as well as of the Council.
Clause 2: The Council shall have power to make and dispose of all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to Mirfak; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of Mirfak, or of any particular province.
Section 4.
Mirfak shall guarantee to every province a three-branch republican form of government on the model of this Constitution, and shall protect each of them against invasion and domestic violence. All provincial constitutions are subordinate to this constitution, and all laws of incorporated entities are subordinate to the laws of the entity in which they are incorporated.
Article V.
Section 1.
This Constitution, and the laws of Mirfak which shall be made in pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of Mirfak, shall be the supreme law of the land; and all judges shall be bound thereby, any thing in the constitution or laws of any other Mirfakan entity to the contrary notwithstanding.
Section 2.
All public officers, both of Mirfak and of the provinces, shall be bound by oath to support this Constitution; but no preferential test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office in Mirfak.
Section 3.
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for any reason.
Section 4.
The right of the people to be secure in their persons and property, both tangible and intangible, from unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated, and warrants shall only be issued on probable cause that particularly describe the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized.
Section 5.
No person shall be tried more than once for the same offense; nor have judgment or sentence passed on them without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use without just compensation.
Section 6.
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial by impartial judges, to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation, to be confronted with the prosecution's witnesses and evidence, to have compulsory process for obtaining defense witnesses and evidence, and to have the assistance of qualified legal counsel.
Section 7.
The right of anyone forcibly held within Mirfak or by a party of Mirfak to a judicial review of their sentence shall not be suspended.
Section 8.
All suits held before the courts of Mirfak and the provinces shall be subject to the same rules and regulations, and no bias shall be accepted on the part of ruling judges.
Section 9.
In all cases the actions taken on a criminal must fit the crime committed as well as possible, and all such judgments given equally. Torture, both physical and psychological, shall be in all cases forbidden.
Section 10.
The enumeration in this Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage unmentioned rights retained by the people.
Section 11.
The powers not delegated to Mirfak or prohibited to it or its parties in this Constitution are reserved to the provinces respectively, or to the people.
Section 12.
No involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been convicted in a court of law, shall exist within Mirfak or any place subject to its jurisdiction.
Section 13.
All persons born or naturalized in Mirfak and subject to the jurisdiction thereof are citizens of Mirfak and of whatever province wherein they may reside.
Section 14.
The right to vote free of discrimination and charge shall not be denied to citizens who have attained the age of majority specified by law for their species.
Section 15.
The migration of persons into, out of, or within Mirfak shall not be prohibited.
Article VI.
The Council, whenever two thirds shall deem it necessary, may propose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the application of the legislatures of two thirds of the provinces, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of this constitution when ratified by the legislatures of two thirds of the provinces and three fourths of the Council; provided that no party shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Council.
Amendment 1.
Section 1.
In all public elections, voting shall be carried out by providing a ballot listing five candidate choices, ordered by voter preference, for each position to be filled. In the counting process the first-choice votes for each candidate shall be totaled. If no candidate has a majority of the vote, the candidate with the least votes shall be eliminated, and ballots cast for that candidate counted towards the next non-eliminated choice. This process shall be repeated until the vote is divided between two candidates.
Section 2.
If no popular majority is reached through the process in Section 1, a new vote shall be held as soon as possible with only the top two candidates from the final count listed as choices for the vote, and whosoever of the two receives the majority of votes shall be the election's winner.
Section 3.
In the extraordinary event that no majority is reached in the process designated in sections 1 and 2, the official legislative body having most immediate relation to the disputed position shall select the winner.
Section 4.
Voters shall in all elections be provided with a complete list of all candidates and their political affiliations to aid in the voting process, but no candidates or parties may be represented on the ballot itself.
Law and order:
Order in Mirfakan territory is maintained by the Kusakal Gimesi Bule (National Security Agency), which controls the nation’s police and intelligence forces. The KGB is very well funded, and its agents operate both in uniform and plainclothes across Mirfak. They are employed by the Daiho and funded by the Council. The nation’s courts focus on rehabilitating criminals, but those that cannot be rehabilitated are usually executed. Mirfakan law supports diplomatic immunity for minor crimes.
People:
Species:
-39% Human
-25% Xanthalian
-10% Than
-26% Other
Religion:
-36% Religious
-34% Areligious
-30% Antireligious
Literacy and language:
88% literacy rate.
Official language: Mirfakan.
Other common languages: English.
Oral Mirfakan has roots primarily in Abh, English, Japanese, Spanish, and Xanthalian. Simplistic, repetitive, and relatively easy to learn, citizens of Mirfak are required to be able to read, speak, and write it proficiently to be considered literate.
Written Mirfakan is almost as minimalist and simplistic as its spoken form. Making use of a phoneticized Roman alphabet to form words, the grammatical structure is a fragmentary form of Galactic Standard. Though a great deal of Mirfakan is implied rather than stated, its stripped-down design and suffix modifiers make it easy to learn.
Resources and economy:
Current economic status, exchange rate and budget details (http://nseconomy.thirdgeek.com/nseconomy.php?nation=mirfak)
The primary resource of Mirfak is raw materials, mostly metal ores and gases. Mirfak III supports large domestic and international commercial, industrial, and agricultural markets.
Mirfak’s economy is a socialist one, with essential operations owned and operated by the government and heavy regulations and taxes on private enterprise.
Binding international agreements:
Temporal Accord
Treaty of Jin Rin